山西省呂梁市離石縣高級(jí)中學(xué)2021年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.The

class

__________

80

students

is

hard

to

manage.A

consisting

of

B

consists

of

C

making

up

of

D

made

up

參考答案：A試題分析：考查固定詞組。bemadeupof=consistof譯為“由......組成”可以直接做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；madeupof=consistingof可以直接用來(lái)做定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ),譯為“由......組成”；makeup譯為“組成,構(gòu)成”。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，故選A。2.Thistalkshowisnotrecorded;It’s______.A.lively

B.live

C.alive

D.living參考答案：B3.----Ican’tseethewordsontheblackboardclearly.

----Why,youreyesneed_____.Perhapsyouneed______glasses.

A.examining;wearing

B.toexamine;wearing

C.tobeexamined;towear

D.examined;wearing參考答案：C略4.Teachershavetoconstantlyupdatetheirknowledgeinordertomaintaintheirprofessional(專(zhuān)業(yè)的)_______.A.consequence

B.independence

C.competence

D.intelligence參考答案：C5.Afterfinishingmiddleschool,mysisterdidnothing______athome.A.buttoread

B.butread

C.besidesreading

D.excepttoread參考答案：B6.It’svitalthateverypieceofequipment________becheckedbeforetheexperiment.A.would B.could C.should D.might參考答案：C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：實(shí)驗(yàn)前每一件設(shè)備都應(yīng)該被檢查一遍是很重要的。A.would將會(huì)；B.could能；C.should應(yīng)該；D.might可能。根據(jù)“becheckedbeforetheexperiment”可知，每一件設(shè)備都應(yīng)該在實(shí)驗(yàn)前被檢查一遍，故C項(xiàng)正確。7.Visitors

nottotouchtheexhibits.

A.willrequest

B.request

C.arerequested

D.arerequesting參考答案：C7.________myteacherhelpingme,Icouldeasilyfinishtheworktoday.

A.With

B.Besides

C.Under

D.Becauseof參考答案：A略9.________bringadvertisingtoanend,priceswouldbesignificantlyreduced.A.Couldthey

B.Shouldthey

C.Werethey

D.Wouldthey參考答案：B考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和倒裝句式。句意：假如結(jié)束廣告宣傳，價(jià)格將會(huì)大大地降低。由“priceswouldbesignificantlyreduced”使用了與將來(lái)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣可知，句子描述將來(lái)要發(fā)生的事情；因此主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)、should+動(dòng)詞原形或者wereto+動(dòng)詞原形。再因?yàn)樵趇f引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句中，如果省略if，句子應(yīng)使用部分倒裝，助動(dòng)詞提前。后半句是表示與將來(lái)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，因此此處描述與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故選B。10.Don’ttake___________forgranted___________everyoneshouldadoreyou.A.that;what

B.that;which

C.it;what

D.it;that參考答案：D11.TheSpringFestivalisourtraditionalfestival,__________peopleusuallyvisittheirfriendsands.A.forwhich

B.towhich

C.duringwhich

D.aboutwhich參考答案：C12.

Itisnice.Neverbefore______suchaspecialdrink.---Iamgladyoulikeit..

A.Ihavehad

B.Ihad

C.haveIhad

D.hadI參考答案：C13.Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou_____swimaftereatingalargemeal.A.wouldn’t

B.couldn’tC.needn’t

D.shouldn’t參考答案：D14.Thebestwaytowash________oneofthesestickycakesiswithacupoftea,whichaidsthedigestion.A．up B．outC．down D．off參考答案：Cwashdown“(用水、湯等)把食物送下”；washup“洗刷(盤(pán)、碟)；洗臉(手)”；washout/off“洗凈，洗掉”。15.________thatMaricwasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.

A.Sosuccessfulherbusinesswas

B.SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC.Soherbusinesswassuccessful

D.Sowashersuccessfulbusiness參考答案：B略16.Happinessoftencomestothosetrytohelpothersanddosomethingworthwhile.Awhom

B.who

C.what

D.which參考答案：B17.Severalweekshadgoneby______Irealizedthepaintingwasmissing.A.as

B.before

C.since

D.when參考答案：B18.Aucklandisamostexcitingcitywithpeopleofmanydifferentcultures_________there.A.live

B.living

C.havinglived

D.lived參考答案：B【分析】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)?！驹斀狻烤湟猓篈uckland是一個(gè)非常令人興奮的城市有很多不同文化的人生活在那。with+賓語(yǔ)+非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)橘e語(yǔ)是peopleofmanydifferentcultures和live是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用living。選B。二、短文改錯(cuò)19.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線〔\〕劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。DearHouTing,Iamsorrythatmathsdisappointyou,butyoucan’tgiveitup.Asyousay,itisoneofthemostimportantsubjectandthereisareasonforthis.Wehavetousemathsfromallthetime.Whereveryourcareertakesyou,mathswillhavetobeusing.Infact,mostemployersanduniversitieswillacceptpeoplewhohavefailedorgivenupmaths.Allyoucandoistryyourbestinmathsormakethemostuseoftimeyouhad.Ifyouhavetroubleunderstandanything,thefirstpersonyoushouldtellisyourteacher.Thatisoftensurprisinghowsimplethingsseemwhenyouareexplainedproperly—evenmathsproblems!參考答案：DearHouTing,Iamsorrythatmathsdisappointyou,butyoucan’tgiveitup.Asyousay,itisoneof

disappiontsthemostimportantsubjectandthereisareasonforthis.Wehavetousemathsfromallthetime.subjectsWhereveryourcareertakesyou,mathswillhavetobeusing.Infact,mostemployersanduseduniversitieswill∧acceptpeoplewhohavefailedorgivenupmaths.Allyoucandoistryyourbestnotinmathsormakethemostuseoftimeyouhad.Ifyouhavetroubleunderstandanything,thefirstand

have

understandingpersonyoushouldtellisyourteacher.ThatisoftensurprisinghowsimplethingsseemwhenyouIt

theyareexplainedproperly—evenmathsproblems!三、閱讀理解20.

Citiesneedtoputeffortstodealwithpollutionandcleartheair.Chinesecitieswillneedtoputeffortstoclearuptheskywhenanewdepartmenttoimproveregionalairqualityissetupby2015,accordingtothelatestplanreleasedbytheStateCouncil.

BesidestheexistingpollutioncontrolprogramforSO2,regionalemissioncaps(區(qū)域排放上限)forothercertainchemicalswillbeestablishedinthethreekeyairpollutingareas—theYangtzeRiverDelta,PearlRiverDeltaandtheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion.Coal-consumptioncapswillalsobetriedoutinsomeareas,accordingtotheplan.“Theplanisaimedatdealingwithregionalairpollution—suchasacidrainandsmog—whichhavebecomeincreasinglyobviousinChinainrecentyearsandcausedaseverethreattopeople’shealth,”ZhangLijun,vice-ministerofenvironmentalprotection,saidinaninterviewonMonday.“Theairqualityinacityaffectstheregionsnearbybecausepollutants(污染物)Cantravelthroughtheatmosphere,”saidChaiFahe,vice-directorofChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences.“Soeffortstoreduceairpollutioninasinglecity,targetingacertainpollutantwillnotbeenough,”Chaisaid.

Zhangsaid,“Thecountry’smajorindustrialdistricts—theYangtzeRiverDelta,PearlRiverDeltaandtheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion—haverecordedmorethan100mistydaysannuallyinrecentyears.”

Thesethreeregions,hometoatleast200millionpeople,occupyonly6.3percentofthecountry’sareabutconsume40percentofthecountry’scoalandproducehalfofitssteel,accordingtoofficialfigures.

Studiesalsoshowthatthevisibility(能見(jiàn)度)ineasternregionsofChinahasdroppedby7to15kmcomparedtothatintheearly1960s,asaresultofairpollution.

Liaoningprovince,theShandongPeninsula,WuhaninHubeiprovinceanditssurroundingarea,theChangsha-Zhuzhou-XiangtanregioninHunanprovince,theChengdu-Chongqingregion,andthewesterncoastoftheTaiwanStraitsarealsolistedasareastocarryoutsuchregionalairpollutioncontrolprograms,accordingtotheplan.

Thenewplanalsorequiresanimprovedairqualitysystem,whichwillmeasurethepollutionlevels.“Thecurrentsystem,whichonlymeasuressomemajorpollutants,cannotreflectthetruepicture.”saidChai.12.Itwillnotbeenoughtoreduceairpollutioninasinglecitybecause

.A.airpollutionhasbeenbecomingmoreandmoreseriousinrecentyearsB.airpollutionlikeacidrainandsmogisthreateningpeople’shealthC.airpollutantsinacitycantravelintheskyandaffectnearbyareasD.airpollutantsstayinfixedplacesoverthecities13.SupposethevisibilityineasternregionsofChinawas130kmintheearly1960s,thevisibilitytherenowadaysis

.A.123to115km

B.137to145km

C.123to145km

D.115to137km14..Themainpurposeofthepassageis

.A.toinformreadersofthedamagecausedbyairpollutionB.tointroducethenewplantocontrolairpollutionC.toprovideofficialfiguresofairpollutionlevelsD.topointouttheregionsaffectedbyairpollution15.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thetruepicture”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Themajorpollutants.B.Thekeypollutedareas.C.Themajorpollutedcities.D.Thepollutionlevels.參考答案：CABD21.Areyouamorningperson?Youmightnotlikethefindingsinthisnewresearch.Fromalackofairanddrinkingwatertosolarradiation,theoreticalMarspioneersfaceanynumberofpotentialobstaclestosettlingontheredplanet.Now,scientistshavefoundsomethingelsetoaddtothelist:seriouslymessed-upbiologicalclocks.OnedayonMars-whichscientistsrefertoasthesolarday,or“sol”-is37minuteslongerthanadayonEarth.AteamofEuropeanscientistsrecentlydemonstratedwhythatcouldbeaproblem.Circadianrhythmsarethebody’snaturalcyclesofrestandwaking,whichtendtofollowroughly24-hourlight-darkcycles.Thesenaturalrhythms-whichplayaroleinbiologicalfunctionsincludingbrainwaveactivityandhormoneproduction-canbeinterruptedbythingslikejetlag（時(shí)差）andnightshiftwork.Forthestudy,theresearcherscomparedmicewithhealthy,24-hourcircadianclockstomicewithageneticchangethatcausedthemtohaveshorter,20-hourcircadianclocks.Themicewithhealthybiologicalclocksweremorelikelytosurviveandreproduce,whilethemicewithshorterbiologicalclocksweremorelikelytodieoff.Whatdoesthisallhavetodowithspacetravel?SincetheMartiansolislongerthanadayonEarth,peoplewithshortercircadianclockscouldsufferfromhealthproblemsastheytrytoadapttotherotationalspeedoftheredplanet.Unfortunately,thebodyisunlikelytoadapttothenewconditionsor“l(fā)earn”todevelopalongerclock.AsLoudonexplained,“Learningisnotalikelyoption.”Inotherwords:Sorry,super-earlyrisers-NASAmightnotwantyouforthenextMarsmission.12.Fromthepassage,peoplecanfacethefollowingtroubleslivingonMarsEXCEPT______.A.absenceofair

B.alotoffiercecreaturesC.lackofdrinkingwater

D.messed-upbiologicalclocks13.Accordingtoscientists,howlongdoesonedayonMarslast?A.24hours.

B.23hoursand23minutes.C.24hoursand37minutes.

D.12hoursand37minutes.14.HowdidtheresearchersstudywhateffectlivingonMarshasonsleep?A.Bycomparingdifferentmice.

B.Byanalyzingcomputerdata.C.Byexperimentsinspaceships.

D.Byobservingandjudgi