山西省呂梁市英雄街中學(xué)2023年高二英語(yǔ)測(cè)試題含解析一、選擇題1.Theboywassowornoutthathefellasleep_______hismothercouldtakeoffhisclothes.A.before

B.after

C.while

D.when參考答案：A2.Afterwalkingfortenminutes,shesuddenlyrealizedthatshe________inthewrongdirection.A.haswalked

B.waswalking

C.hadbeenwalking D.hasbeenwalking參考答案：C3.Doyouknowitwas______hefellillthathedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday?

A.because

B.as

C.since

D.nowthat參考答案：A4.TheSouthernStateswantedto______fromtheUnion,sotheAmericanCivilWar______.A.getawaywith;brokeup

B.getawayfrom;brokeintoC.breakawayfrom;brokeout

D.breakawayfrom;wasbrokenout參考答案：C5.Thepopularityofgovernmentpostshasdroppedinrecentyears,thoughthecivilservicejobsarestillfavoredbytheChineseastheyoffera_______stablecareer.A.ly B.regularlyC.roughly D.rigidly參考答案：A【詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：近年來(lái)，政府職位的受歡迎程度有所下降，但公務(wù)員的職位仍然受到中國(guó)人的青睞，因?yàn)樗鼈兲峁┝讼鄬?duì)穩(wěn)定的職業(yè)。A.ly相對(duì)地；B.regularly規(guī)則地；C.roughly粗略地；D.rigidly僵直地。由“thecivilservicejobsarestillfavoredbytheChinese”可知，公務(wù)員職位仍然受到中國(guó)人的青睞，因?yàn)榕c其它工作相比，它們提供了相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的職業(yè)。故A選項(xiàng)正確。6.I

earlierbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.A.wouldhavecome

B.hadcome

C.wascoming

D.wouldcome參考答案：A7.Theringingofthebell______theendoftheclasssuddenly______theirheateddiscussion.A.meant,interrupted

B.meant,interruptingC.meaning,interrupting

D.meaning,interrupted參考答案：D【詳解】考查句子分析、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：意味著課結(jié)束的鈴聲突然打斷了他們熱烈的討論。第一空Theringingofthebell與mean之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)；第二空為句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】本題既考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，也考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。首先分析句子可知，句中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且第二空應(yīng)為句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。再確定第一空考查的為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，然后判斷作什么成分，再分析和修飾詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系，最后選擇用什么樣的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。8.Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou_____swimaftereatingalargemeal.A.wouldn’t

B.couldn’tC.needn’t

D.shouldn’t參考答案：D9.______Iseetheoldpicture,Ithinkofthosegoodfriendsduringmycollegelife.

A.Everytime

B.Allthetime

C.Thetimewhen

D.Duringthetime參考答案：A10.Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,____wastrue.

A.he

B.this

C.which

D.who參考答案：C11.Heisonlytooreadytohelpothers,seldom,________,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.A.ifnever

B.ifnot

C.ifever

D.ifany參考答案：C12.Whendiscoveredbytheoldman,thethiefwent________himwithaknifeimmediately.A．over

B．forC．to

D．on參考答案：答案：Bgoforsb.“向某人進(jìn)攻”，符合題意。13.Dad,IwasjustwonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilI_______nextweek.A.gotpaid B.havepaid C.getpaid D.hadbeenpaid參考答案：C14.Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey__________veryeasilytonewenvironments.

A.adapt

B.appeal

C.attach

D.apply參考答案：A15.Imeant________you,butIwassobusy.Atocallon

Bcallingon

Ctocallat

Dcallingat參考答案：Ameantodo,but…“本打算…但是…”，callon+sb;而callat+someplace。16.Edward,youplaysowell.ButI youplayedthepiano. A.didn’tknow B.hadn’tknownC.don’tknow D.haven’tknown參考答案：A略二、完型填空17.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21-40各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ks5uWHENJohnGurdonwas15,herankedlastoutofthe250boysinhisgradeatbiology.Healsocameinlastforeveryothersciencesubject.Histeacherwroteina

21

:“Ibelievehehasideasaboutbecominga

22

;onhispresentshowingthisisquitefoolish.”Luckily,theteacher’swordsdidn’t

23

Gurdon’sloveforscience.Hekeptworkinghard.Hewenttolabearlierandleft

24

thananyoneelse.OnOct8,2012,64yearslater,theBritishprofessor

25

theNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicine.JapanesescientistShinyaYamanakahadcontributedtotheresearchandtherefore

26

theaward.Gurdongotthehonor

27

hisresearchintocellsandcloning.WhenhewasstudyingatOxford,hedidsome

28

oncells.Hetookacellfromanadultfrog,movedits

29

,andputthemintoaneggcell.Theeggcellthen

30

intoacloneoftheadultfrog.Hisresearch

31

forthefirsttimethateverycellinthebodycontainsthesamegenes.Atthattime,manypeople

32

acceptGurdon’sidea.Butlaterithelpedto

33

Dollythesheepin1996,thefirstclonedmammalinhistory.Italsoledtoimportantfindingsinthe34

useofcells.Forexample,

35

fromsomeone’sskincanturnintoanytypeoftissueinthebody.Thisisgoodnewsforthose

36

whohavediseasedordamagedtissue.Gurdonalwaysremembersthe

37

hehadwhenhewas15.Heevenputthereportonhisdeskasadaily

38

tohimself.“Whenyouhave

39

,likeanexperimentdoesn’twork,it’snicetoremindyourselfthatperhapsyouarenotsogoodatyourjobandtheteachermaybe

40

,”hesaid.However,thefactssuggestGurdonisprettygoodindeed.

21.A.reportB.letterC.passageD.program22.A.musicianB.scientistC.managerD.millionaire23.A.stopB.meanC.inspireD.reflect24.A.soonerB.laterC.morehurriedlyD.morehappily25.A.wonB.foundedC.dreamedofD.appliedfor26.A.acceptedB.refusedC.collectedD.shared27.A.insteadofB.inspiteofC.becauseofD.inplaceof28.A.readingB.writingC.changeD.research29.A.babyB.powerC.genesD.features30.A.cutB.grewC.wentD.formed31.A.predictedB.studiedC.provedD.provided32.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t33.A.saveB.driveC.feedD.create34.A.everydayB.medicalC.physicalD.illegal35.A.cellsB.hairsC.waterD.blood36.A.foolsB.scientistsC.patientsD.doctors37.A.friendB.teacherC.classmateD.neighbor38.A.ruleB.paperC.reminderD.reward39.A.prizesB.diseasesC.mealsD.problems40.A.rightB.wrongC.happyD.welcome參考答案：16~20ABABA

21~25DCDCB

26~30CADBA

31~35CBCDA三、閱讀理解18.Artificialintelligencekeepsdefeatinghuman,itismakingcountlessvictoriesagainsthumanindifferentfieldsoflifeandtryingtopushhumantothecorner.Google’sDeepMindhasdefeatedtheworld’snumberoneplayerKeJie.Humanbrainsomehowhasbeenreplacedbyamachineandscientistsareworkingveryhardondevelopingahumanbrainbyimplantingachipandconnectingittothetickneuronthatconnectsthetwohemispheresofthebrain.Well,whodoesn’twanttogethisbrainupgradedtobeassmartasthebrainofAlbertEinsteinorCharlesDarwin?Humanswillprobablyonedayinventabrainthatcanbeimplantedinthehumanskullandreprogramallthehumanthoughts,butthisinventiondoesn’tseemtobehappeningintheforeseeablefuturesincehumanbraintookmillionsofyearstoevolve.Somescientistsbelievethathumanwilldefeatdeathinthenexttwentyhundredyearsbuttheycan’treallypredicthowlongit’sgoingtotaketodevelopahumanbrainthatcancompletelyreplacethenaturalbrain.Despiteofthisaccomplishmentinthefieldofartificialintelligence,itcouldn’tcreasepeoplefrombelievingthatsciencecan’tstandalone.Forinstance,AIcanimitatehumanbrainandmostofthetimeoutperformsit,buttherearestillalotofhiddensecrets.AIoutsmartedKeJiebutKeJiehasconsciousnessunliketheAI,KeJiefeltsadwhenhewasdefeatedandburiedhisfaceinhishandsbuttheAIdidn’tfeelhappyandcelebratehisvictory.Thecomputerof1960isthesameasthecomputer2017intermsofconsciousness,thereisnosingssofartellingusthatthereisanalgorithm(運(yùn)算)thatcanmakeaconsciouscomputeranddecipher(譯解)itsfeelings.Wecanpredictwhatthefuturewilllooklikeaccordingtothepast,especiallyfromscientificpointofviewbutthedevelopmentofhumanbrainseemsunpredictableandunknown.12.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“neuron”inPara.2?A.thetubethroughwhichbloodflowsinyourbrainB.thekindofcellthatcarriesinformationC.thesoftfattysubstanceinthehollowcenterofbonesD.thebonypartofone’sheadwhichencloseshis/herbrain13.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.IttookmillionsofyearsforhumanbraintoevolveB.HumanswishtogettheirbrainsupgradedtobeassmartaspossibleC.Humanswillprobablyinventabrainthatcanreprogramallthehumanthoughts.D.Itishardtodevelopahumanbrainthatcancompletelyreplacethenaturalbrain14.“KeJiefeltsadwhenhewasdefeated”ismentionedinPara.4to__________.A.showthattheAIhasnohumanemotionsB.explainthatAphaGoisvirtuallyunbeatableintheboardgameC.tellustheaccomplishmentinthefieldofartificialintelligenceD.analyzeKeJie’spsychologicalcharacteristicswhenplayingthegame15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WorldTopGoPlayerKeJieChallengesAlphaGoB.AlphaGoTeachesTouseAITobenefitHumansC.GoogleAIDefeatsHumanGoChampion!D.AICanImitateHumanBrainAndMostOftheTimeOutperformsIt參考答案：12.B

13.D

14.C

15.A本文講述了人工智能現(xiàn)在正在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域擊敗人類，但這并不能說(shuō)明人工智能可以取代大腦。盡管在人工智能領(lǐng)域取得了成就，但它不能使人們相信科學(xué)能獨(dú)立存在，而且從科學(xué)的角度來(lái)看，人腦的發(fā)展似乎是不可預(yù)測(cè)和未知的，并通過(guò)谷歌的DeepMind擊敗了世界頭號(hào)選手KeJie卻沒(méi)有情緒和表示說(shuō)明了人工智能并不能完全取代大腦。12.詞義猜測(cè)題。由第二段中的“developingahumanbrainbyimplantingachipandconnectingittothethickneuronthatconnectsthetwohemispheresofthebrain.”可知，科學(xué)家們正努力嘗試著通過(guò)植入一塊芯片并將其連接到連接大腦兩個(gè)半球的__________上來(lái)開發(fā)人腦，連接兩個(gè)半球的是指某種可以傳遞信息來(lái)刺激大腦做出反應(yīng)的物質(zhì)，可推理判斷出neuron指的是某種可以攜帶信息的神經(jīng)元，故選B。13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段可知，有一天人類可能發(fā)明一種可以植入人類骨頭和改變?nèi)祟愃枷氲拇竽X，但他的發(fā)明不可能發(fā)生在可預(yù)見的未來(lái)，因?yàn)槿祟愂墙?jīng)過(guò)幾百萬(wàn)年的進(jìn)化演變而來(lái)的，故可知第三段主要談?wù)摰氖情_發(fā)一個(gè)可以完全取代自然大腦的人腦是困難的，故選D。14.推理判斷題。由第四段中的“KeJiefeltsadwhenhewasdefeatedandburiedhisfaceinhishandsbuttheAIdidn’tfeelhappyandcelebratehisvictory.”可知，當(dāng)KeJie被擊敗，雙手捂著臉感到悲傷時(shí)，AI沒(méi)有感到高興，也沒(méi)有慶祝他的勝利，由此可推斷出AI沒(méi)有人類的情感，故選A。15.主旨大意題。本文主要圍繞著谷歌的DeepMind擊敗了世界頭號(hào)選手KeJie的主題，探討了人工智能與大腦之間是否可以相互取代的話題，故可知本文的最好標(biāo)題是GoogleAIDefeatsHumanGoChampion，谷歌的AI戰(zhàn)勝人類取得勝利。故選C。19.Atfirst,muffled(聽不太清的)conversationsmaderesearchersataSanDiegoaquariumpuzzled,butwhenadiverthoughthewasbeingtoldtoget“out”ofthewatertheyrealizedtheconversationswerecomingfromawhitewhale.NocwasaboutoneyearoldwhenhewascaughtoffthePacificcoastofCanada.Hewaskeptinanopen-oceanpen(圍欄)attheUSNationalMarineMammalFoundationinSanDiego,California.AftersevenyearsattheFoundation,hebegan,automatically,tomakeunusualsounds,areportinthelatestissueofthejournal,CurrentBiology,said.“Wethoughtofthewhale’svocalizations(發(fā)出的聲音)asanattempttoimitatehumans.Whalevocalizationsoftensoundedasiftwopeopleweretalkingjustoutoftherangeofourunderstanding,”theauthorssaid.“‘Theseconversations’wereheardseveraltimesbeforewefinallyrealizedthewhalewasthesource.”TheresearchersrealizeditwasNocwhenadiversurfacedandasked,“Whotoldmetogetout?”Itwasthenthattheyrealizedtheword“out”,whichwasrepeatedseveraltimes,hadcomefromNoc.Later,hisspeech-likesoundswererecordedintheairandunderwater.Nocstartedmakingthesoundsaftersevenyearsintheopen-oceanpen,andcontinuedmakingthemforanotherfouryears.Hediedfiveyearsago.Researchershavenowanalyzedthesoundrecordings.Itwasthefirsttimethatsoundrecordingshadshownhowsuchsoundsimitatedspeechandweredifferentfromtheusualcallsofthespecies.Thespeech-likesoundswerelowerthannormalwhalesoundsandmuchclosertothoseofthehumanvoice.Also,whalestalktoeachotherbyblowingairthroughtheirnoses,ratherthanusingalarynx(喉),aspeopledo.“Wedon’tclaimthatourwhalewasagoodimitatorcomparedtosuchwell-knownimitatorsasparrots,”theresearcherssaid.“However,thebehaviorweobservedisanexampleofvocallearningbythewhitewhale.ItseemsthatNoc’scloseassociationwithhumansplayedaroleinhowoftenandhowwellheemployedhishumanvoice.”28.WhatcanwelearnaboutNocfromthetext?A.HehadlivedinthePacificOceanbeforehewascaught.B.HewaskeptinaCanadianfoundationuntilhedied.C.Whenhewasseven,hestartedmakingspeech-likesounds.D.Hewasabletoimitatehumansbeforehewascaught.29.Noc’ssoundwasconsideredunusualbecauseitwas________.A.madebyusingalarynxB.verysimilartothehumansoundC.differentintheairandunderwaterD.higherthanthenormalwhalesound30.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Adiverrealizedtheword“out”,whichhehadhear