強化練習(xí)四(下)答案及Passage①IftwoscientistsatLosAlamosNationalLaboratoryarecorrect,peoplewillstillbedrivinggasoline-poweredcars50yearsfromnow,givingoutheat-trapcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere---andyetthatcarbondioxidewillnotcontributetoglobalwarming.1Thescientists,F.JeffreyMartinandWilliamL.KubicJr.,areproposingaconcept,whichtheyhavepatrioticallynamedGreenFreedom,forremovingcarbondioxidefromtheairandturningitbackinto 二氧化碳contributeosthproposev.patriotically愛國地— ②Theideaissimple.Airwouldbeblownoveraliquidolutionwhichwouldabsorbthecarbondioxide.Thecarbondioxidewouldthenbeextractedandsubjectedtochemicalreactionsthatwouldturnitintofuel.Althoughtheyhavnotetbuiltafuelfactory,orevenasmallprototype,thescientistssayitisallbasedonexisingtechnology.“Everythingintheconcepthasbeenbuilt,isoperatingorhasaclosecousinthatisoperating.”D.Martinsaid.Theproposaldoesnotviolateanylawsofphysics,andotherscientistshavindependentlysuggestedsimilarideas. absob v.提取，提煉n.摘 besubjected 使經(jīng)受，使 n.反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)— v（對…）作出反應(yīng)，回 n.原型，最初形態(tài) n.堂兄（或弟、姊、妹；表兄（或弟、姊、妹） v.，違背（法律、協(xié)議等）③Intheeffortstoredcehumanity’semissionsofcarbondioxide,threesolutionshavebeenoffered:hydrogen-poweredcars,electriccarsandbiofuels.Biofuelsaregasolinesubstitutesproducedfromplanslikecornorsugarcane.Plantsabsorbcarbondioxideastheygrow,butgrowngcropsforfuelakesupwidestripsofland.2.Hydrogen-poweredcarsemitnocarbondioxide,utproducinghydrogenrequiresenergy,andifthatenergycomesfromcoal-firedpowerplants,hentheproblemhasnotbeensolved.Theproblemwithelectriccarsisthattheyhavetypicallybeenlimitedtoarangeoftensofasopposedtothehundredsofthatcanbedrivenonaofgas.emissionn.排放；排放物—emitv.發(fā)出，散發(fā)（光、熱、聲音、氣等）solutionn.解決辦法，處理substituten.代替者，代替物stripn.條，帶；狹長地帶 plantn.植物；發(fā)電廠，工廠electricadj.電的，用電的—electricityn.電④Gasoline,itturnsout,isanalmostidealfuel(exceptthatitproducescarbondioxide).3.Ifcanbemadeoutofcarbondioxideintheair,theLosAlamosconceptmaymeanthereislittlereasontoswitch,afterall. v.改變，轉(zhuǎn)變n.（電路的）⑤4.“It’sdefiniyworthpursuing,”aidMartinI.Hoffert,aprofessorofphysicsatNewYorkUniversity.“Ithasacoupleofpiecestoitthatareinteresting.”O(jiān)therscientistsalsosaidtheproposallookedpromisingbutcouldnotevaluateitfullybecausethedetailshadnotbeenpublished.pursuev.追求，致力于 evaluatev.評價，評估publishv.；，公WhatismostremarkableabouttheproposalmadebythetwoscentistItisgivenapatrioticNolawofphysicsItisbasedonexistingCarbondioxidecanbeconvertedinto參考答案解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干的proposal和twscienists定位至文章中找到答題依據(jù)：“Thescientists,F.JeffreyMartinandWilliamL.KubiJr.,areproposingaconcept,whichtheyhavepatrioticallynamedGreenFreedom,forremovingcrbondioxidfromtheairandturningitbackintogasoline.it指代的是前面的“carbondioxde”，也就是說“將二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)無疑會是最顯著的成果，所以D項正確。ABC三項雖然也是與該項提案有關(guān)的，但不足以稱為“mostremarkableWhatisthebiggestproblemwithhydrogenpoweredThereisnocheapsourcefTheremightbeasafetyprbleminhydrogenThymaystillbeacausofglobalTheyarenotsuitableforlong-distance參考答案解析細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干的hydrogen-poweredcars定位至文章中找到答題依據(jù)：“Hydrogen-poweredcarsemitnocarbondioxide,butproducinghydrogenrequiresenergy,andifthatnergycomesfromcoal-firedpowerplants,thentheproblemhasnotbeensolved.”從中則問題還是沒有得到解決，所以C選項正確。AB選項原文未提及原文是說電動汽車只能在數(shù)十英里內(nèi)運行，張冠李戴 項錯誤Ifwhatisproposedbythetwo es airpollution eathingofthetherewillbenoneedforgasolinepeoplewillbeabletousemuchcheapertherewillbenomorebiofuel-powered參考答案解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Ifitcanbemadeoutofcarbondioxideintheair,theLosAlamosconceptmaymeanthereislittlereasontoswitch,afterall.”可知，如果能從空氣中的二氧化碳制得，LosAlamos概念可能就意味著根本沒必要改變，B選項正確。C提及；D項過于絕對，可排除WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheattitudeofMartinI.HofferttothepA. B. C. D.參考答案worthpursuing,’aidMartinI.Hoffert,aprofessorofphyscsatNewYorkUniversity.‘Ithasacoupleofpiecestoitthatareinteresting.’”由此可知，MartinIHoffert認(rèn)為這一概念是值得去深入研究的，這個方案里還是有些有趣的新點子，所以他的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是肯定B項正確。indifferent“漠不關(guān)心的”；suspicious“懷疑的可疑的”；critica“性的”。Thepassageismainlywrittenintroduceanew B.cmparedifferenenergyC.stresstheimportanceof D.discussolutiontoglobal參考答案解析：主旨題。綜觀全文，本文是圍繞著LosAlmos國家一項名為“綠色自由”的概念來展開敘述的，所以A項正確其余三項都不是本文主要敘述的內(nèi)容，可排除。Passage①Inherinterntionalbst-sellingTalktotheHand,authorLynneTrussarguesthatcommoncourtesiessuchassayig“Excuseme”arepracticallyextinct.Therearecertainlyplentywhowouldagreewithher.extinctdj.不再存在的，已②Isitreallytrue?Wedecidedtofindoutbyexperiments.IndozensofAmericancities,ourreportersperfomedtwoexperiments:“doortests”(wouldanyoneholdoneopenforthem?)and“drops”(whowouldhelpthemretrieveapileof“accidentally”droppedpapers?).Alongthewaythereportersencounteredalltypes:menandwomenofdifferentraces,ages,professions, elevels.dozensof許多，很多performv.執(zhí)行；表演retrievev.取回；索回apileof...一摞...accidentallyadv.偶然地，意外地encounterv.③While90percentofthepeoplepassedthedoortest,only55percentpasseddrop.2.Arepeoplelesslikelytohelpotherswhenngsotakesextraeffortortime?Notalways,thereportersfound.Takethepregnantwomanwhothoughtnothingofbendingdowntohelpuswithourpapers.OrthewomannamedLizwhobalancedtwocoffees,herkeysandherwalletonatakeouttraywithonehand,whilepickinguppapersoffthewetpavementwiththeother.Herreasonforhel?“Iwasthere,”shesaid.bendv.pregnantadj. v.使（在某物上）保持平衡n.平衡 adj.外賣的，供顧客帶出外吃的n.外賣食品 pavementn.人行道，路面pickup④3.Overall,menwerethemostwillingtohelp,especiallywhnitcametodumentdrops.Inthose,menofferedaid63percentofthetime,comparedto47percentamongwomen.Ofcourse,menandweremorethantwiceasliklytohelphepickupfallenpapersthantheyweretohelpourmalereporter.democraticadj.femaleadj.⑤4.Byfar,themostcommonreasonpeopleciedforbeingwillingtogooutoftheirwaytohelpotherswastheirupbringing.“I’sthewayIwasraised,”saidoneyoungwomanwhoheldadooropendespitestrugglingwithherumrellaonarainydayinBrooklyn. v.提及（原因）；upbringingn.養(yǎng)育，教養(yǎng)bringsbupstrugglingwith與...⑥1.Werealizethisisn’tarigorousscientificstudy,butwebelieveitisareasonablerealwordtestofgoodmnnersaroundtheglobe.5.Andit’scomfortingtoknowthatinaplacewheremillinsofpeoplepushoneanothereachdaytogetahead,they’reabletodoitwithas.Hey,iftheycanmakenicehere,theycanmakeniceanywhere.rigorosadj.謹(jǐn)慎的，細(xì)致 reasonableadj.合理的，公平comfortingadj.令人安慰的—comfortn.寬慰；舒服v.WhichofthefollowingisthebestwordtodescribetheA. B. C. D.參考答案Werealizethisisn’tarigorousscientificstudy,butwebelieveitisareasonablerealworldtestofgoodmannersaroundtheglobe.”注意該句中的“but”轉(zhuǎn)折詞，D項“Realistic”與“real”同義，故選D項。作者已明確說明“這并非是一次嚴(yán)格的科學(xué)研究”，可排除A項根據(jù)“thereportersencounteredalltypes:menandwomenofdifferentraces,ages,professions, C項“性的”過于夸大，應(yīng)該排除。（S.）TheexamplesofthepregnantwomanandLizareusedtoshowthatsome maytakethetroubletohelpwon’ttakethetroubletohelpmayhelpotherssavewon’thelpotherssave參考答案解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息可迅速定位至文章中找到答題依據(jù)：“ApelelesslikelytohelpotherswhenngsotakesextraeffortortimeNotalwysthereportrsfound.thepregnantwoman（孕婦）Liz的例子就是為了證明情況并不總是這樣，即人們還是可能去幫助他人的，即使需要花費額外的時間和精力，A文章是說幫助他人需要花費時間，并不是說幫助他人節(jié)省時間，C、D項排除Accordingtothewomenaremrewomenaremorelikelytoneedmenaremorereadytmearemoredemocratiinhel參考答案解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)選項可定位至第四段：“Overallmenwerethemostwillingtohelp,espeiallywhenitcametodrops.”這句話明確說明男士是最樂于提供幫助的，故CA項文章并未提及，屬于無中生有文章只是說到測試?yán)锬惺繋椭畵炱鸬袈湮募拇螖?shù)是幫助男的兩倍多，這并不能說明可能更需要幫助，