V-ing形式的被動式V-ing包括動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞，可作主語、賓語、表語;定語、狀語、賓語補足語但不能單獨作謂語其否定形式是__________V-ing形式notdoing語態(tài)時態(tài)主動形式被動形式一般式完成式(not)

doing(not)

beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone

1.作主語

★Swimmingisgoodforhealth.

★____________(raise)yourhattoaladyisgoodmanners.★____________(kill)bysharksintheseaisacommonthing.RaisingBeingkilledV-ing的用法2.作表語

☆Teachingislearning.

教學相長。☆Myhobbyis________(make)

modelplanes.☆Whatworriedthechildmostwas_________________(not,allow)togoouttoplay.makingnotbeingallowed1)V-ing形式表示比較抽象的一般性的行為

不定式表示具體的某次動作,尤指將來________(sing)ismyhobby.Idon’tlike________(sing)inpublictoday.2)V-ing形式和不定式都要有對稱性Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.Singingtosing注意3)It’snouse/nogood/useless/awasteoftime

doingsth.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水難收。Itisawasteoftime_______(talk)tohim.Itisimportantforme_________(learn)English.※Itis+adj./n.+(forsb.)todosth.

talking

tolearn3.作賓語(v./prep.后)★Thebirdescaped____________(catch).★Ifeellike__________(join)thearmy.★Hewasafraidof_________________(abandon)byus.beingabandonedbeingcaughtjoining4.作定語＊Thegirlstandingthereismysister.＊Thisisapieceof__________(surprise)news.＊Thefarmers_________(work)inthefieldsaretired.＊Theproblem______________(discuss)nowisveryimportant.surprisingbeingdiscussedworking去年造好的橋_______________________

正在建造的橋_______________________將要建造的橋_______________________主動被動正在進行doingdonebeingdonetobedone已經(jīng)完成正在進行將要發(fā)生thebridgebuiltlastyearthebridgebeingbuiltnowthebridgetobebuiltsoon注意：過去分詞/Ving被動形式/不定式的被動形式做定語的區(qū)別5.作狀語◆Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.◆Hesatatthetable,________(read)ChinaDaily.◆__________(be)abletounderstandEnglish,hedidn’tknowwhattheywanted.◆________(work)hard,youwillsucceed.◆__________________(teach)manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodoit.◆Herhusbanddiedsuddenly,________(leave)herwithfivechildren.readingWorkingNotbeing(時間)(伴隨)(原因)Havingbeentaught(讓步)(條件)leaving(結(jié)果)1)分詞的邏輯主語就是該句子的主語，但有時兩個主語不一致，我們也可以用n./pron.+分詞，稱為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkbackhome.Herwalletstolen,shehadnomoneytobuyaticket.注意2)有少數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)并不表示句子主語的動作，而是表示說話人的態(tài)度。如generallyspeaking（一般來說）,judgingfrom…（根據(jù)……來判斷）,considering…（考慮到……）,talkingof…（談到……，提到……）,supposing…（假如……）等，它們的邏輯主語和句子的主語不一致。這種短語可以被稱之為句子的狀語，也可當作一個插入語。

Generallyspeaking,thenovelisnotveryinspiring.Judgingfromwhatyousay,heoughttosucceed.TalkingofSue,Imethernewboyfriendlastweek.6.作賓語補足語:●

Isawpeoplecomingandgoinginthestreet.●Iheardher________(sing)asonginherroom.●You’llfindthetopic_______________(discuss)everywherenow.beingdiscussedsinging1)可以帶V-ing作賓補的動詞有：

see,hear,watch,notice,smell,find,feel,have,get,catch,keep,leavesmellsth.burning聞到有東西燒焦catchsb.doing當場撞見某人做某事2)with(out)+賓+doing/done/todo注意3)(to)do/V-ing/V-ed作賓補的區(qū)別:Isawhimtakeawaythedictionaryjustnow.Isawhimtakingawaythedictionaryonthedesk.(to)do動作全過程已結(jié)束doing動作正在進行(拿走了那本字典)(正在拿那本字典)Isawthedictionarytakenawaybyachild.Isawthedictionary

beingtakenawayfromthedesk.done表被動已經(jīng)完成beingdone表被動正在發(fā)生(字典已經(jīng)被拿走，動作全過程)(字典正在被拿走，動作正發(fā)生)Practice1Hehasalwaysinsistedonhis___Dr.TurnerinsteadofMr.Turner.A.beencalledB.calledC.havingcalledD.beingcalled2.Doyoumind___aloneathome?

A.JaneleavingB.JanehavingleftC.Jane’sbeingleftD.JanetobeleftDC3.--Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.--Well,nowIregret____that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdoneD4.--WhatmadeBillsoangry?--___.Hisgirlfriendpromisedtocomeat8:30,butshehasn’tcomeyet.A.HavingkeptwaitingB.BeingkeptwaitingC.TobekeptwaitingD.HewaskeptwaitingB5.Tonywasveryunhappyfor____totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvitedDPractice21.Thebuilding____inourschoolisforusteachers.Thoughthere’snoisemostoftheday,westillfeelhappyaboutit.A.builtB.havingbeenbuiltC.tobebuiltD.beingbuiltD2._________thewholestory,Janedecidednottoseethefilm.

A.HavingbeentoldB.Havingtold

C.BeentoldD.Telling3.______yourhomework,youmustn’tlistentomusic.A.WhendoB.WhentodoC.WhendoingD.WhenyoudoingAC4._____theidiom,helookeditupinthedictionary.

A.NotlearningB.NeverhavinglearnedC.HavingnotlearnedD.H