初中英語復(fù)習(xí)課thePassiveVoice一、什么是被動語態(tài)動作的承受者做主語am/is/aredonewas/weredoneshall/willbedonecan/may/must/should/bedone一般現(xiàn)在時：一般過去時：一般將來時：帶情態(tài)動詞時：

二、幾種常見的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)動詞的過去式與過去分詞動詞原形，過去式，過去分詞。

1.一般情況下，動詞詞尾加-ed。play-played

2.以不發(fā)音的-e結(jié)尾動詞，動詞詞尾加-d。live-lived3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞,把-y變?yōu)?i再加-ed.study-studied

4.以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加-ed。Stop-stoppedplan-planned

5.不規(guī)則動詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng)，須多加記憶。

go-wentbuy-bought不規(guī)則動詞過去式、過去分詞歸類表（1）

AAA型（動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞同形）

cost（花費(fèi)）

cost

costcut（割）

cut

cut

hit（打）

hit

hit

hurt

傷害）

hurt

hurt

let（讓）

let

let

put（放）

put

put

read

（讀）

read

read

spread

(傳播)spread

spread

(2)

AAB型（動詞原形與過去式同形）

beat（跳動）

beat

beaten(3)

ABA型

become（變成）became

become

come（來）

came

come

run（跑）

ran

run

(4)

ABB型（過去式與過去分詞同形）dig（挖）

dug

dug

get（得到）

got

gothang（吊死）

hanged

hanged

hang（懸掛）

hung

hunghold（抓?。?/p>

held

heldsit（坐）

sat

satwin

（贏）

won

wonmeet（遇見）

met

met

(5)

ABC型（動詞原形、過去式與過去分詞三者不同形）1begin（開始）began

begun

drink（喝）

drank

drunk

ring（鈴響）

rang

rungsing

（唱）

sang

sung

swim（游泳）

swam

swum

blow（吹）

blew

blowndraw

（畫）

drew

drawnfly（飛）

flew

flown

grow（生長）

grew

grown

know（知道）

knew

known

throw（投擲）threw

thrown

show（出示）

showed

shown1.They

make

shoes

inthatfactory.主語+及物動詞+賓語Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時：變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞1.TheyplayfootballonSunday.2.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.3.Theydon’toftenusecomputersinclass.4.DoyoumakethesemachinesinBeijing?FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersaren’toftenusedbytheminclass.ArethesemachinesmadeinBeijing?2.They

bought

tencomputers

lastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般過去時：S+was/were+過去分詞1.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.2.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.3.Didyoucleantheclassroomjustnow?4.Theydidn’tusethisroomforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Wastheclassroomcleanedbyusjustnow?Thisroomwasn’tusedforrestingbythem.3.They

will

finish

thework

intendays.Thework

will

befinished(bythem)intendays.一般將來時：S+will+be+過去分詞1.Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.2.Childrenwon’ttakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.3.Willtheheadmastergiveatalkthisafternoon?Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswon’tbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.Willatalkbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon?翻譯句子1我的房間每天都被清洗2我的房間昨天被清洗了3我的房間明天將會被清洗4我的房間應(yīng)該被清洗MyroomiscleanedeverydayMyroomwascleanedyesterdayMyroomwillbecleanedtomorrowMyroomshouldbecleanedExercise:把下面的句子改成被動語態(tài)1.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.Computers_____________bytheminclass.2.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Ourclassroom___________byusjustnow.3.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Atalk___________bytheheadmasterthisafternoon.areoftenusedwascleanedwillbegiven四、Putthefollowingintopassivevoice：1.Icanfinishmyhomeworkeveryday.

Myhomeworkcanbefinished

bymeeveryday.2.Didtheybuymanyflowers？

Weremanyflowersbought

bythem？3.Hedoesn’toftenreadEnglish.

Englishisn’toftenread

byhim.4.Theytoldusnottogothere.

Weweretoldnottogotherebythem.

完成跟蹤練習(xí)1，2，3，41.在hear，see，watch，notice等“感觀”動詞的后面和make，let等“使役”動詞的后面作賓補(bǔ)的動詞不定式都不帶to，但這種句子在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，應(yīng)加上to。（一聽，二使，三看）(1).Isawhercomeintomyroom.

Shewasseen

tocomeintomyroombyme.(2).Hemademewritetheletterforhim.

Iwasmadetowritetheletterforhim.注意問題2.若主動語態(tài)的動詞是雙賓語動詞（如：give，pass，show等），變被動語態(tài)時，只把其中一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個賓語保留不動，稱作保留賓語。若保留賓語是指人，前面要加上介詞“to”。eg：

Heshowedmehisphotos.

Iwasshownhisphotos.

OR:Hisphotoswereshowntome.Morewordsgivesbsth=givesth.tosbshowsbsbsth=showsth.tosbpasssbsbsth=passsth.tosbsendsbsbsth=sendsth.tosbbringsbsbsth=bringsth.tosbtellsbsbsth=tellsth.tosb3.如主動語態(tài)的動詞是雙賓語動詞如buy,make等，變被動語態(tài)時，只把其中一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個賓語保留不動，若保留的賓語是指人，前面要加上介詞fore.gHeboughtmeapen.Apenwasboughtforme.或Iwasboughtapen

getsbsbsth=getsth.forsbbuysbsbsth=buysth.forsbmakesbsbsth=makesth.forsbmendsbsbsth=mendsth.forsbcook

sbsbsth=cooksth.forsb4.只有及物動詞才能用于被動語態(tài)，不及物動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)。但相當(dāng)于一個及物動詞的動詞短語可用于被動語態(tài)。但在變被動語態(tài)時，注意不要丟掉詞組末尾的介詞或副詞。eg：Thedoctorlookedovertheoldwomancarefully.Theoldwomanwaslookedoverbythedoctorcarefully.Attention!

五、什么情況下沒有被動語態(tài)1.當(dāng)系動詞feel,look,smell,taste,sound等后面接形容詞時無被動語態(tài)

*Thefish______(taste)good.*—Doyoulikethematerial?—Yes,it______(feel)verysoft.*Thepopmusic_______(sound)beautiful.tastesfeelssounds2一些不及物動詞短語沒有被動語態(tài)。如：happen，takeplace,last,have(有),appear,disappear,cost,comeout這本書已經(jīng)出版許多次了。Thebookhasalreadycomeoutmanytimes（2）我家鄉(xiāng)已發(fā)生了巨大的變化。Greatchangeshavealreadytakenplaceinmyhometown(3)會議持續(xù)了30分鐘。Themeetinglastedfor30minutes.當(dāng)堂檢測完成跟蹤練習(xí)5，6，7P167一三題Choosethebestanswer:1.Anewbook______mebyhimyesterday.A.isgiventoB.wasgivenC.wasgiventoD.gaveto2.Don’tworrry.Thejob______twohours.A.canbefinishedinB.wasfinishedforC.canfinishinD.canbefinishedafter3.Usuallytheclassroom______twiceaday,butnobody______thefloorthismorning.A.iscleaned,wassweptB.cleans,wassweptC.iscleaned,sweptD.iscleaned,sweeps4.I_______atfivethismorning,soIamverytirednow.A.waswakingB.waswokenC.wakeupD.waswokenupCACCD5.He_____me______therewithhimlastnight.A.wasasked,togoB.asked,togoC.wasasked,goD.asked,go6.Theystayedhere______April.A.inB.sinceC.forD.on7.We_______apicniclastWednesday.A.toldtohaveB.weretoldtohaveC.weretoldhimtohaveD.weretoldtonothave8.Who_______thefoodonthetable,Tom?A.ateupB.waseatenupC.eatsupD.waseatingup9.Todaymanytreesarebeingcutinourcountry.Somoretrees_________.A.mustplantB.mustbeplantC.mustbeplantedA.mustbetoplantBBABCA10.______thehomework______thedayaftertomorrow?A.May,behandedinB.Maybe,handedinC.May,handinD.May,behanded11.Mypencil______thedaybeforeyesterday.A.foundB.wasfoundC.wasfoundedD.isfound12.Thescientisthasworkedonthemathsproblemforthreedayswithouthavingarest,sohe_______verytirednow.A.mustbeB.maybeC.canbeD.needbe13.Theworkers——————muchheavyworkeachday.A.madetodoB.weremadetodoC.weremadedoD.madehimtodo

AAB