動詞不定式：煙臺工貿(mào)學校叢振滋1.動詞不定式的構(gòu)成：“to+動詞原形”

例：tostudyhard2.不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，可在句中作主語、賓語、賓補、表語、定語、狀語一、做主語:1.不定式做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

Tohelpothersisapleasantthing.Tomasteraforeignlanguageisveryimportant.2.不定式作主語，有時為避免頭重腳輕，常用it做形式主語，而把不定式放在句末。

It’sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.Ittookusthreehourstogetthere.3.動詞不定式的復合結(jié)構(gòu)：即不定式的邏輯主語①Itis+adj.(表示事物或行為的特點、性質(zhì)，如difficult,easy,hard,important,impossiblenecessary)+forsb.todosth.句型

It’simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.

It’sgoodforyoutotakeexerciseeveryday.②Itis+adj.(表示人的品格或特點，如carelesscleverfoolishhonestkindlazynicerightsillystupidrudepoliteimpolitebraveselfish)+ofsb.todosth.It’sverykindofyoutohelpmewithmywork.Itistooimpoliteofyoutospeaktotheteacherlikethis.二、做賓語

1.不定式作賓語，常放在某些動詞之后：wantdecidefailwishexpectpretendchooserefusehopeaskmanageofferlearn等

IwanttogotocollegeafterIfinishschool.Hepretendednottohaveseenme.Ihopetohearfromyousoon..2.動詞不定式作賓語時，如果還帶有賓語補足語，往往把動詞不定式放在賓補之后，而用it作形式賓語。句型：主語+find(s)/feel(s)/think(s)/make(s)/believe(s)/consider(s)等+it+adj./n.+todosth.Ifinditdifficulttobelievehim.Ifeelitanhonortobeyourpupil.3.一些動詞后面既可接不定式又可接動詞的-ing形式作賓語,但意思不一樣stoptodosth停下來去做另外一件事，stopdoingsth停止正在做的事remembertodosth記住要做某事(未做)，rememberdoingsth記得做過某事(已做)goontodosth接著做另一件事，goondoingsth繼續(xù)做同一件事forgettodosth忘了做某事(事還未做)，forgetdoingsth忘了曾做過某事＂(事已做)

三、做賓補帶to的不定式作賓補

Myteachertoldmetotakenotesinclass.Motherremindedmenottomakefriendsontheinternet.2.在下列感官動詞和使役動詞之后，賓補不帶to【一感（feel）二聽（hear,listento）三讓（let,have,make）四看（see,watch,lookat,notice）】Isawhimplayinthepark.Iheardherlockthedoor.

這類動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不定式前要加toAchildwasseentoenterthebuildingShewasoftenheardtosingthissong.3.help后接動詞不定式做賓補，to可帶可不帶。Theycanhelpyou(to)learnEnglish.四、做表語：放在系動詞be,seem等之后。1.說明主語的具體內(nèi)容

Herwishistobecomeadoctorinthefuture.

Mytaskseemstobeveryeasy.

2.表其他,如:目的。Thiswallistokeeppeopleoutofthegarden.五、做定語：動詞不定式作定語，一般做后置定語Thenextpersontospeakisourmathteacher.1.中心名詞被形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞修飾時，用動詞不定式（短語）作定語

Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.Thisisthebestarticletoappearinthenewspaperthisyear.2.動詞不定式常用來修飾不定代詞或某些抽

象名詞，

Ihavesomethingtodo.

Herwishtobecomeanexcellentnursewillsooncometrue.注意：當不定式動詞是不及物動詞時，應在該動詞后加上一個介詞。

Hehasanicepentowritewith.Theyhadonlyacoldroomtolivein.六,做狀語1.目的狀語：不定式做目的狀語，還可以使用inorderto或soasto

(soasto不能放在句首)Iamgoingouttodosomeshopping.IwenttoAmericainordertolearnEnglish.2.結(jié)果狀語：不定式做結(jié)果狀語,還可以使用enoughto,too…to…,Thechildrenareoldenoughtotakecareofthemselves.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.3.原因狀語：不定式作原因狀語通常放在某些形容詞之后。如：sorry,glad,surprised,disappointed,excitedI'mgladtoseeyou.七：帶疑問詞的不定式不定式和疑問詞連用，可做主語、賓語和表語等Whenandwheretohavethepartyisnotknown.(主語)Nooneknowshowtodoit?(Nooneknowswhattodonext?)（賓語）Theproblemiswheretogetacomputer.（表語）八：

動詞不定式的否定形式：notto+動詞原形

The

teacher

told

us

not

to

swim

in

thatriver.

It's

unfair

not

to

tell

us.

Goinquietlysoasnottowakethebaby√√√√九：不定式to的省略。感官動詞和使役動詞之后，賓補不帶to（已講）做簡短回答或避免不必要的重復時，動詞不定式常省略to后面的動詞，只保留to---Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?---Yes,I’dliketo.(cometoyourparty)Marywantedtousemybike.,butIaskedhernotto.(usemybike)固定句型：whynotdo…?Willyoupleasedo…?hadbetterdo…wouldratherdo…thando…Prefertodo…ratherthando…“Mr.Zhang,you’dbetter____toomuchmeat.Youarealreadyoverweight,”saidthedoctor.A.nottoeatB.toeatC.noteatD.eat2.Wesawhim___thebuildingandgoupstairs.

A.toenterB.enterC.enteringD.entered3.Mymotheroftenasksme___early.A.getupB.gotupC.gettingupD.togetup4.“Don’talwaysmakehim___thisorthat.Heisalreadyabigboy,dear.”Mr.Bushsaidtohiswife.A.doB.todoC.doesD.did5.Theboywastoobusy__hisfatherlastterm.

A.tohearfromB.towritetoC.hearingfromD.writeto

√√√√√

6.Excuseme.Wouldyoupleasetellme___buyadigitalcamera?

A.whattoB.wheretoC.whatIcanD.wherecanI

7.Youmustbeverytired.Whynot____arest?

A.tostoptohaveB.tostophavingC.stoptohaveD.stophaving

8.Thereisgoing___anEnglishpartythiseveninginourschool.A.tobeB.tohaveC.havingD.being

9.Remember___yourhomeworkheretomorrow.

A.tobringB.totakeC.bringingD.taking

10.Theteacherwarnedhisstudents___onthethinice.

A.notskatingB.noskatingC.toskateD.nottoskate√√√√√

11.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.—Oh,Iforgot____.A.turningitoffB.turnoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff12.Johnwasmade___thetruckforaweekasapunishment.

A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing

13.It___forty-fiveminutes___therebybus.

A.cost;togetB.takes;gettingC.takes;togetD.takes;togetto

14.Heis