Lesson39AmIAllRight?TEXTWORDGRAMMARWhileJohnGilbertwasinhospital,heaskedhisdoctortotellhimwhetherhisoperationhadbeensuccessful,butthedoctorrefusedtodoso.Thefollowingday,thepatientaskedforabedsidetelephone.Whenhewasalone,hetelephonedthehospitalexchangeandaskedforDoctorMillington.Whenthedoctoransweredthephone,Mr.Gilbertsaidhewasinquiringaboutacertainpatient,aMr.JohnGilbert.HeaskedifMr.John’soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctortoldhimthatithadbeen.HethenaskedwhenMr.Gilbertwouldbeallowedtogohomeandthedoctortoldhimthathewouldhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.ThenDr.Millingtonaskedthecallerifhewasarelativeofthepatient.‘No,’thepatientanswered,‘IamMr.JohnGilbert.’Operationn.[外科]手術(shù)

SuccessfulSuccessn.成功Succeedv.成功Successorn.繼承者Followingadj.patientwith

mentalpatient

aloneMoststorewillallowthecustomerstoexchangetheirgoods.ExchangeI'dliketoexchangethisdressforoneinasmallersize.Inquire

inquireabout

inquireof

I'dliketoinquireaboutthejobforsalesmanager.It'sthesecretary'sjobtoinquireabouttheflightsforthemanager.certainRelative

Evenitssuccessesareonlyrelative.即使成功也只是相對(duì)的。Itisagiftformyrelativeinmyhometown.這是我送給家鄉(xiāng)一位親戚的禮物。直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)1、人稱的轉(zhuǎn)變

1）直接引語(yǔ)中的第一人稱一般轉(zhuǎn)換為第三人稱如：

Hesaid，“Iamverysorry.”——>Hesaidthathewasverysorry.2）直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)述人說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換為第一人稱如：“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.——>MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.3）直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對(duì)第三人稱說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱。如：Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”——>Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.

直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

3、直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)須改變的情況1）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)候，如：

Healwayssays,“Iamtiredout.”——>Healwayssaysthatheistiredout.2）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，如：Hewillsay,“I’lltrymybesttohelpyou.”——>Hewillsaythathewilltryhisbesttohelpme.

3）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)部分帶有具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)如：Hesaid,“Iwenttocollegein1994.”——>Hetoldusthathewenttocollegein1994.

4）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中有以when,while引導(dǎo)的從句，表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間時(shí)，如：Hesaid，“WhenIwasachild,Iusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.”——>Hesaidthatwhenhewasachild,heusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.5）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，如：Ourteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”——>Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

6）當(dāng)引語(yǔ)是諺語(yǔ)、格言時(shí)，如：Hesaid，“Practicemakesperfect.”——>Hesaidthatpracticemakesperfect.7）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should,would,could,hadbetter,wouldrather,might,must,oughtto,usedto,need時(shí)

如：Sheasked,“MustItakethemedicine?”——>Sheaskedifshehadtotakethemedicine.

〔注〕：此處用hadto代替must更好4、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)及某些對(duì)比性的指示代詞和動(dòng)詞變化

1）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：直接引語(yǔ)（間接引語(yǔ)）

now（then）；

today(thatday）；

tomorrow（thenext/followingday）

nextweek（thenext/followingweek）

yesterday（thedaybefore）

twodaysago（twodaysbefore）

thisweek/month/year(thatweek/month/year)

2）指示代詞：these變成those

5、直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化1）陳述句。用連詞that引導(dǎo)，that在口語(yǔ)中常省略。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可直用接引語(yǔ)中的said,也可用told來(lái)代替，注意，可以說(shuō)saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不可直接說(shuō)toldthat,

3）直接引語(yǔ)為選擇疑問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)用whether…or…表達(dá)，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or….如：Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”——>HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.4）直接引語(yǔ)為特殊疑問(wèn)句，改成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞作為間接引語(yǔ)的連詞，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用ask（sb.）來(lái)表達(dá)，語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：Heasked，“What'syourname?”——>Heasked（me）whatmynamewas.

5）直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句時(shí)，改為間接引語(yǔ)，用帶to的不定式表達(dá)狀語(yǔ)、人稱及時(shí)態(tài)都作相應(yīng)的變化。如：Hesaid，“Beseated,please.”——>Heaskedustobeseated.6）有些含有“建議”——>、“勸告”——>的祈使句，可用suggest,insist,offer等動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)述，如：Hesaid,“Let'shavearest.”——>Hesuggestedourhavingarest7）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)形式上是疑問(wèn)句，有表示請(qǐng)求，建議意義時(shí)，可用asksb.todosth./suggestdoing/advisesb.todosth.等形式轉(zhuǎn)述。如：“Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?”heasked.——>Heaskedmetoopenthedoor.

8）直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句時(shí)，變間接引語(yǔ)可用what或how引導(dǎo)，也可用that引導(dǎo)，如：Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!”——>Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.

EXCERSICE1、Sheaskedme_____mymotherlikedtheblueone.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.where2、Hesaidthathe______agoodjourney.A.hasB.willhaveC.hadD.haveACEXCERSICE3、Kateansweredthatshe____herhomework.A.finishB.finishesC.hasfinishedD.hadfinished4、Hesaidthathe___TVatthattime.A.waswatchingB.watchesC.watchingD.haswatchedDAEXCERSICE5、HeaskedLucy_____sheneededsomemoretea.A.ifB.whereC.thatD.what6、Idon’tknow____tovisittheoldmanornot.A.weatherB.ifC.whetherD.thatACEXCERSICE7、”You’vegotwell,haven’tyou?”sheasked.Sheasked______.A.ifIhavealreadygotwellB.whetherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwellBEXCERSICE8、”Haveyouseenthefilm?”heaskedme.Heaskedme______.A.hadIseen