2017年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（江蘇卷）

英語試題

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1.本試卷共14頁，包含選擇題（第1題~第70題，共70題）、非選擇題（第71題~第81

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4.作答選擇題，必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)選項的方框涂滿、涂黑；如需改動，請用

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題卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律無效。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案

轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最

佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對

話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.€B.€C.€

答案是Co

'samusing.B.It'sexciting.C.It/sdisappointing.

2.HowwillSusanspendmostofhertimeinFrance?

A.Travelingaround.

B.Studyingataschool.

C.Lookingafterheraunt.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Goingout.

B.Orderingdrinks.

C.Preparingforaparty.

4.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Inaclassroom.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookstore.

5.Whatisthemangoingtodo?

A.GoontheInternet.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Takeatraintrip.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白.每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個

選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽

完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?

A.Aninformationoffice.B.Apolicestation.C.Ashoerepairshop.

7.WhatistheTownGuideaccordingtotheman?

A.Abrochure.B.Anewspaper.C.Amap.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatdoesthemansayabouttherestaurant?

A.It'sthebiggestonearound.B.Itoffersmanytastydishes.C.It'sfamousforits

seafood.

9.Whatwillthewomanprobablyorder?

A.Friedfish.B.Roastchicken.C.Beefsteak.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.WherewillMr.Whitebeat11o'clock?

A.Attheoffice.B.Attheairport.C.Attherestaurant.

11.WhatwillMr.Whiteprobablydoatoneintheafternoon?

A.Receiveaguest.B.Haveameeting.C.Readareport.

12.WhenwillMissWilsonseeMr.White?

A.Atlunchtime.B.Lateintheafternoon.C.Thenextmorning.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.WhyisBillgoingtoGermany?

A.Toworkonaproject.B.TostudyGerman,C.Tostartanew

company.

14.WhatdidthewomandislikeaboutGermany?

A.Theweather.B.Thefood.C.Theschools.

15.WhatdoesBillhopetodoabouthisfamily?

A.BringthemtoGermany.B.LeavetheminEngland,C.Visittheminafew

months.

16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Fellow-travelers.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WhendiditrainlasttimeinJuarez?

A.Threedaysago.B.Amonthago.C.Ayearago.

18.WhatseasonisitnowinJuarez?

A.Spring.B.SummerC.Autumn.

19.Whataretheelderlyadvisedtodo?

A.Takeawalkintheafternoon.B.Keeptheirhomescool.C.Drinkplentyof

water.

20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?

A.Hostingaradioprogram.B.Conductingaseminar.C.Forecastingtheweather.

第二部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）

第一節(jié)：單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

請認真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答

題卡將該項涂黑。

例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.

A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever

答案是B。

21.ManyChinesebrands,theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnew

challengesfromthemodernmarket.

A.havingdevelopedB.beingdevelopedC.developedD.

developing

22.notforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeher

difficulty.

A.ItwereB.WereitC.ItwasD.Was

it

23.LocatedtheBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltand

Roadconstruction.

A.whyB.whenC.whichD.

where

24.ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,whichbothwidelyreviewedandhighly

praised,strengthenedDickens*statusasaleadingnovelist.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

25.WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahasthebestinherasadoctor.

A.heldoutB.broughtoutC.pickedoutD.given

out

26.Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof

itusedtocharge.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how

27.Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe.

A.wasbeingfollowedB.wasfollowing

C.hadbeenfollowedD.followed

28.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofpurposesisto

relieveworldwidestarvation.

A.whichB.itsC.whoseD.whom

29.OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs'death,smart-phonesdefeatedPCsinsales.

A.controversialB.contradictoryC.confidentialD.

conventional

30.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelpyouryear

ahead.

A.shapeB.switchC.stretchD.sharpen

31.He'sbeeninformedthatheforthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademic

background.

A.hasn'tqualifiedB.hadn'tqualified

C.doesn'tqualifyD.wasn'tqualifying

32.Determiningwhereweareoursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforour

survival.

A.incontrasttoB.indefenseof

C.infaceofD.inrelationto

33.-WhatdoesthestuffonyourT-shirtmean?

—It'snothing.Justsomething.

C.undermynoseD.beyondmywildestdreams

34.Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.But

explanationsarehardtofind.

A.alternativeB.aggressiveC.ambiguousD.apparent

35.—GoingtowatchtheWomen'sVolleyballMatchonWednesday?

一!Willyougowithme?

A.YouthereB.Youbet

C.YougotmeD.Youknowbetter

第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）

請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，

并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

ForalongtimeGabrieldidn'twanttobeinvolvedinmusicatall.Inhisfirstyearsofhigh

school,Gabrielwouldlookpityinglyatthemusicstudents,36acrossthecampuswiththeir

heavyinstrumentcases,37atschoolforpracticehours38anyoneelsehadtobethere.

Hesworetohimselfto39music,ashehatedgettingtoschoolextraearly.

40,oneday,inthemusicclassthatwas41ofhisschool'sstandardcurriculum,he

wasplayingidly（隨意土也）onthepianoandfoundit42topickouttunes.Withasinking

feeling,herealizedthatheactually43doingit.Hetriedtohidehis44pleasurefromthe

musicteacher,whohad45overtolisten.Hemightnothavedonethisparticularlywell,46

theteachertoldGabrielthathehadagood47andsuggestedthatGabrielgointothemusic

store-roomtoseeifanyoftheinstrumentsthere48him.Therehedecidedtogivethe

cello（大提琴）a49.Whenhebeganpracticing,hetookitvery50.Buthequicklyfound

thathelovedplayingthisinstrument,andwas51topracticingitsothatwithinacoupleof

monthshewasplayingreasonablywell.

This52,ofcourse,thathearrivedatschoolearlyinthemorning,53hisheavy

instrumentcaseacrossthecampustothe54_looksofthenon-musicianshehadleft_55.

36.A.travellingB.marchingC.pacingD.

struggling

37.A.risingupB.comingupC.drivingupD.

turningup

38.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.since

39.A.betrayB.acceptC.avoidD.

appreciate

40.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.ThusD.

Moreover

41.A.partB.natureC.basisD.spirit

42.A.complicatedB.safeC.confusingD.easy

43.A.missedB.dislikedC.enjoyedD.

denied

44.A.transparentB.obviousC.falseD.

similar

45.A.runB.joggedC.jumpedD.wandered

46.A.becauseB.butC.thoughD.so

47.A.earB.tasteC.heartD.voice

48.A.occurredtoB.tooktoC.appealedtoD.held

to

49.A.changeB.chanceC.missionD.

function

50.A.seriouslyB.proudlyC.casuallyD.

naturally

51.A.committedB.usedC.limitedD.admitted

52.A.provedB.showedC.stressedD.

meant

53.A.pushingB.draggingC.liftingD.

rushing

54.A.admiringB.pityingC.annoyingD.teasing

55.A.overB.asideC.behindD.out

第三部分：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

請認真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，

并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

A

CHRONOLOGICA

-----TheUnbelievableYearsthatDefinedHistory

DIDYOUKNOW...

?In105ADpaperwasinventedinChina?

?WhenColumbusdiscoveredtheNewWorld?

TheBritishMuseumopenedin1759?

CHRONOLOGICAisafascinatingjourneythroughtime,fromthefoundationofRometothe

creationoftheInternet.Alongthewayaretalesofkingsandqueens,

hotairballoons...andmonkeysinspace.

Travelthrough100ofthemostunbelievableyearsinworldhistoryand

learnwhybeingaRomanEmperorwasn'talwaysasgoodasitsounds,

howtheHundredYears'Wardidn'tactuallylastfor100yearsandwhy

SpencerPercevalholdsaratherunfortunaterecord.

CHRONOLOGICAisaninformativeandentertainingtourintohistory,

beautifullyillustratedandfullofunbelievablefacts.While

CHRONOLOGICAtellsthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistorysuchas

ThomasEdisonandAlexandertheGreat,thisbookalsogivesanaccount

ofthelivesoflesser-knownindividuals

includingtheexplorerMungoParkand

sculptorGutzonBorglum.

Thiscompletebutbriefhistoricalcollectionis

certaintoentertainreadersyoungandold,

andguaranteedtopresenteventhebiggest

historyloverwithsomethingnew!

56.WhatisCHRONOLOGICAaccordingtothenext?

A.Abiography.B.Atravelguide.

C.Ahistorybook.D.Asciencefiction.

57.HowdoesthewriterrecommendCHRONOLOGICAtoreaders?

A.Bygivingdetailsofitscollection.B.Byintroducingsomeofitscontents.

C.Bytellingstoriesatthebeginning.D.Bycomparingitwithotherbooks.

B

Beforebirth,babiescantellthedifferencebetweenloudsounds

andvoices.Theycanevendistinguishtheirmother'svoicefromthatof

afemalestranger.Butwhenitcomestoembryoniclearning（胎教）,birds

couldruletheroost.AsrecentlyreportedinTheAuk:

OrnithologicalAdvances,somemotherbirdsmayteachtheiryoungto

singevenbeforetheyhatch（孵化）.New-bornchickscanthenimitateRed-backedfairywrens（ftM）,whichliveinnorthernand

easternAustralia,laythreeorfoureegsatatime.

theirmom'scallwithinafewdaysofenteringtheworld.

Thiseducationalmethodwasfirstobservedin2012bySoniaKleindorfei;abiologistat

FlindersUniversityinSouthAustralia,andhercolleagues.FemaleAustraliansuperbfairywrens

werefoundtorepeatonesoundoverandoveragainwhilehatchingtheireggs.Whentheeggs

werehatched,thebabybirdsmadethesimilarchirptotheirmothers——asoundthatservedas

theirregular"feedme!"call.

Tofindoutifthespecialqualitywasmorewidespreadinbirds,theresearcherssoughtthe

red-backedfairywren,anotherspeciesofAustraliansongbird.Firsttheycollectedsounddata

from67nestsinfoursitesinQueenslandbeforeandafterhatching.Thentheyidentifiedbegging

callsbyanalyzingtheorderandnumberofnotes.Acomputeranalysisblindlycomparedcalls

producedbymothersandchicks,rankingthembysimilarity.

Itturnsoutthatbabyred-backedfairywrensalsoemergechirpingliketheirmoms.Andthe

morefrequentlymothershadcalledtotheireggs,themoresimilarwerethebabies'beggingcalls.

Inaddition,theteamsetupaseparateexperimentthatsuggestedthatthebabybirdsthatmost

closelyimitatedtheirmom'svoicewererewardedwiththemostfood.

Thisobservationhintsthateffectiveembryoniclearningcouldsignalneurological（神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)

的）strengthsofchildrentoparents.Anevolutionaryinferencecanthenbedrawn."Asaparent,

doyouinvestinqualitychildren,ordoyouinvestinchildrenthatareinneed?"Kleindorferasks.

"Ourresultssuggestthattheymightbegoingforquality."

58.TheunderlinedphraseinParagraph1means"

59.WhatareKleindorfer'sfindingsbasedon?

A.Similaritiesbetweenthecallsofmomsandchicks.

B.TheobservationoffairywrensacrossAustralia.

C.ThedatacollectedfromQueensland'slocals.

D.Controlledexperimentsonwrensandotherbirds.

60.Embryoniclearninghelpsmotherbirdstoidentifythebabybirdswhich.

A.canreceivequalitysignalsB.areinneedoftraining

C.fittheenvironmentbetterD.maketheloudestcall

C

Anewcommoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,urgingantitrust（反

壟斷）regulatorstostepintocheckthosewhocontrolitsflow.Acenturyago,theresourcein

questionwasoil.Nowsimilarconcernsarebeingraisedbythegiants（巨頭）thatdealindata,the

oilofthedigitalage.ThemostvaluablefirmsareGoogle,Amazon,FacebookandMicrosoft.All

lookunstoppable.

Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnota

crime.Thegiants'successhasbenefitedconsumers.Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesora

quickdelivery.Farfromchargingconsumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree（users

pay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata）.Andtheappearanceofnew-borngiantssuggests

thatnewcomerscanmakewaves,too.

Butthereiscauseforconcern.Theinternethasmadedataabundant,all-presentandfar

morevaluable,changingthenatureofdataandcompetition.Googleinitiallyusedthedata

collectedfromuserstotargetadvertisingbetter.Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbe

turnedintonewservices:translationandvisualrecognition,tobesoldtoothercompanies.

Internetcompanies'controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea"God'seyeview"

ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.

Thisnatureofdatamakestheantitrustmeasuresofthepastlessuseful.Breakingupfirms

likeGoogleintofivesmalloneswouldnotstopremakingthemselves:intime,oneofthemwould

becomegreatagain.Arethinkisrequired—andasanewapproachstartstobecomeapparent,

twoideasstandout.

Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomovefromtheindustrialageintothe21st

century.Whenconsideringamerger（兼并），forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizeto

determinewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms'data

assets（資產(chǎn)）whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.Thepurchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthat

anestablishedcompanyisbuyinganew-bornthreat.Whenthistakesplace,especiallywhena

new-borncompanyhasnorevenuetospeakof,theregulatorsshouldraiseredflags.

Thesecondprincipleistoloosenthecontrolthatprovidersofon-lineserviceshaveover

dataandgivemoretothosewhosupplythem.Companiescouldbeforcedtorevealto

consumerswhatinformationtheyholdandhowmuchmoneytheymakefromjt.Governments

couldorderthesharingofcertainkindsofdata,withusers'consent.

Restartingantitrustfortheinformationagewillnotbeeasy.Butifgovernmentsdon'twanta

dataeconomycontrolledbyafewgiants,theymustactsoon.

61.Whyisthereacalltobreakupgiants?

A.Theyhavecontrolledthedatamarket.

B.Theycollectenormousprivatedata.

C.Theynolongerprovidefreeservices.

D.Theydismissedsomenew-borngiants.

62.WhatdoesthetechnologicalinnovationinParagraph3indicate?

A.Datagiants'technologyisveryexpensive.

B.Google'sideaispopularamongdatafirms.

C.Datacanstrengthengiants'controllingposition.

D.Datacanbeturnedintonewservicesorproducts.

63.Bypayingattentiontofirms'dataassets,antitrustregulatorscould.

A.killanewthreatB.avoidthesizetrap

C.favourbiggerfirmsD.chargehigherprices

64.Whatisthepurposeoflooseningthegiants'controlofdata?

A.Bigcompaniescouldrelievedatasecuritypressure.

B.Governmentscouldrelievetheirfinancialpressure.

C.Consumerscouldbetterprotecttheirprivacy.

D.Smallcompaniescouldgetmoreopportunities.

D

OldProblem,NewApproaches

Whilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife,globalwarmingwillcontinuefor

somedecadesafterCO2emissions（排放）peak.Soevenifemissionsweretobegintodecrease

today,wewouldstillfacethechallengeofadaptingtoclimatechange.HereIwillstresssome

smarterandmorecreativeexamplesofclimateadaptation.

Whenitcomestoadaptation,itisimportanttounderstandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.

Wearethereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard,buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetof

conditions.Thisiswhy,inpartatleast,theUSNationalClimateAssessmentsaysthat:"Thereis

no'one-sizefitsall'adaptationJNevertheless,therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarry

littleriskorcost.

Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways,especiallyinsomepoorcountries.

FloodshavebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MohammedRezwansaw

opportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboats

thatserveasfloatinglibraries,schools,andhealthclinics,andareequippedwithsolarpanelsand

othercommunicatingfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnectivity（連接）toreplaceflooded

roadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel:hisstaffshowpeople

howtomakefloatinggardensandfishpondstopreventstarvationduringthewetseason.

ElsewhereinAsiaevenmoreastonishingactionsarebeingtaken.ChewangNorphellivesina

mountainousregioninIndia,whereheisknownastheIceMan.Thelossofglaciers（冰〃I）there

duetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.Withouttheglaciers,water

willarriveintheriversattimeswhenitcandamagecrops.NorpheKsinspirationcamefrom

seeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwater

intoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.Hisfieldsoficesupply

perfectlytimedirrigation6翟;既）water.Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves,Norphelcalculates

thathehasstoredabout200,000m3ofwater.Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess,soNorpheKs

icereserveswillnotlastforever.Warmingwillovertakethem.Butheisprovidingafewyears

duringwhichthefarmerswill,perhaps,beabletofindothermeansofadapting.

IncreasingEarth'sreflectivenesscancooltheplanet.InsouthernSpainthesuddenincrease

ofgreenhouses（whichreflectlightbacktospace）haschangedthewarmingtrendlocally,and

actuallycooledtheregion.WhileSpainasawholeisheatingupquickly,temperaturesnearthe

greenhouseshavedecreased.Thisexampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.Bypainting

buildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.

InPeru,localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimto

climatechangehavebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheadded

reflectivenesswillrestorethelife-givingice.Theoutcomeisstillfarfromclear.ButtheWorld

Bankhasincludedtheprojectonitslistof"100ideastosavetheplanet".

Moreordinaryformsofadaptationarehappeningeverywhere.Afriendofmineownsan

areaoflandinwesternVictoria.Overfivegenerationsthelandhasbeentoowetforcropping.

Butduringthepastdecadedecliningrainfallhasallowedhimtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops.

Farmersinmanycountriesarealsoadaptinglikethis—eitherbygrowingnewproduce,orby

growingthesamethingsdifferently.Thisiscommonsense.Butsomesuggestionsforadapting

arenot.Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethatwe'velostthebattletocontrolcarbonpollution

andhavenochoicebuttoadapt,it'sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual.

Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryand

astonishingways.Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystems

toemitlesscarbonpollution.Afterall,ifweadaptinthatway,wemayavoidtheneedtochange

insomanyothers.

65.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2implies.

A.adaptationisanever-changingprocess

B.thecostofadaptationvarieswithtime

C.globalwarmingaffectsadaptationforms

D.adaptationtoclimatechangeischallenging

66.WhatisspecialwithregardtoRezwan'sproject?

A.Theprojectreceivesgovernmentsupport.

B.Differentorganizationsworkwitheachother.

C.Hisorganizationmakesthebestofabadsituation.

D.Theprojectconnectsfloodedroadsandhighways.

67.WhatdidtheIceMandotoreducetheeffectofglobalwarming?

A.Storingiceforfutureuse.

B.Protectingtheglaciersfrommelting.

C.Changingtheirrigationtime.

D.Postponingthemeltingoftheglaciers.

68.WhatdowelearnfromthePeruexample?

A.Whitepaintisusuallysafeforbuildings.

B.Theglobalwarmingtrendcannotbestopped.

C.Thiscountryisheatinguptooquickly.

D.Sunlightreflectionmayrelieveglobalwarming.

69.Accordingtotheauthor,pollutingindustriesshould.

A.adapttocarbonpollutionB.planthighlyprofitablecrops

C.leavecarbonemissionaloneD.fightagainstcarbonpollution

70.What'stheauthor'spreferredsolutiontoglobalwarming?

A.Settingupanewstandard.B.Reducingcarbonemission.

C.Adaptingtoclimatechange.D.Monitoringpollutingindustries.

第四部分：任務(wù)型閱讀（共10小題；每小題I分，滿分10分）

請認真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯?/p>

詞。

注意：請將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只填一個單詞。

PopulationChange

Whyistheworld'spopulationgrowing?Theanswerisnotwhatyoumightthink.Thereason

fortheexplosionisnotthatpeoplehavebeenreproducinglikerabbits,butthatpeoplehave

stoppeddroppingdeadlikeflies.In1900,peoplediedattheaverageageof30.By2000the

averageagewas65.Butwhileincreasinghealthwasatypicalfeatureofthe20thcentury,

decliningbirthratecouldbeadefiningoneofthe21st.

AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina,forinstance.Whatdoesit

imply?First,Chinaneedstoundergorapideconomicdevelopmentbeforeapopulationdecline

hitsthecountry.Second,ifotherfactorssuchastechnologyremainconstant,economicgrowth

andmaterialexpectationswillfallwellbelowrecentstandardsandthiscouldinvitetrouble.

Russiaisanothercountrywithpopulationproblemsthatcouldbreakitseconomicpromise.

Since1992thenumberofpeopledyinghasbeenbiggerthanthatofthosebeingbornbya

massive50%.Indeedofficialfiguressuggestthecountryhasshrunkby5%since1993andpeople

inRussialiveashorterlifenowthanthosein1961.Whyisthisoccurring?Nobodyisquitesure,

butpoordietandabovealllong-timealcoholismhavemuchtodowithit.Ifcurrenttrendsdon't

bend,Russia/spopulationwillbeaboutthesizeofYemen'sbytheyear2050.

InthenorthofIndia,thepopulationisboomingduetohighbirthrates,butinthesouth,

wheremosteconomicdevelopmentistakingplace,birthrateisfallingrapidly.Inafurthertwist,

birthrateishighestinpoorlyeducatedruralareasandlowestinhighlyeducatedurbanareas.In

total,25%ofIndia'sworking-agepopulationhasnoeducation.In2030,asixthofthecountry's

potentialworkforcecouldbetotallyuneducated.

Onesolutionisobviouslytoimportforeignworkersviaimmigration.AsfortheUSA,itis

almostuniqueamongdevelopednationsinhav