如何英語演講1.演講前的準備準備是搞好演講的前提。首先是要確立一個題目或一個話題。一般演講賽都分為命題演講和即興演講。如要進行演講比賽則必須對各個方面加以準備：政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、教育等，找好立意點，擬定題目，如政治方面的演講主題：wto、統(tǒng)一、和平與發(fā)展、機遇與挑戰(zhàn);經(jīng)濟方面演講主題：西部大開發(fā)、農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟、再就業(yè);教育方面演講方題：中西方教育的不同、遠程教育、終身教育、槍手;文化方面演講主題：文化的交流與融合、校園文化;環(huán)保方面演講主題：manandnature;科技方面演講主題：網(wǎng)絡、克隆、基因;衛(wèi)生方面演講主題：keepphysicallyandmentallyhealthy;體育方面演講主題：Olympics……有些方面題目太大，可從多角度和多側(cè)面思考，找好切入點，將題目細化和具體化，寫出演講稿的提綱，構(gòu)思和組織演講稿結(jié)構(gòu)。擬定好話題后的第二步就是演講材料的收集與整理。其中的方法就是有計劃地閱讀大量的英語原文以及各類英語報刊雜志，閱讀是一個循序漸進的過程，同時也是培養(yǎng)英語思維的過程，對提高英語的口頭表達能力和書面表達能力是至關重要的。利用有關資源與材料（如圖書、報刊、雜志或網(wǎng)絡資源等）收集所需的內(nèi)容。然后對材料加以整理或進行梳理，舍棄不太重要的內(nèi)容或用不上的材料，準備寫演講稿。2演講稿的寫作演講稿首先開頭要開門見山，既要一下子抓住聽眾又要提出你的觀點，中間要用各種方法和所準備的材料說明、支持你的論點，感染聽眾，然后在結(jié)尾加強說明論點或得出結(jié)論，結(jié)束演講。演講稿的寫作有嚴格的要求，就內(nèi)容而言要主題鮮明，表達完整;就文章組織結(jié)構(gòu)而言要思維清晰，邏輯性強;就語言而言要有感染力、形象生動。寫作時可根據(jù)需要有效、正確地使用英語寫作方法和技巧，如恰當?shù)剡\用明喻、暗喻、夸張等各種修辭方法，用詞要準確，盡量避免使用生僻、模糊、晦澀的字詞?？傊紤]聽眾對象，注意演講的措辭，但又要簡明扼要、有理有力、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。許多的演說家的不朽之作都有振奮人心、扭轉(zhuǎn)乾坤般的力量。從馬丁.路德.金的“ihaveadream”，美國總統(tǒng)林肯所作的的蓋茨堡演說，到克林頓在北大的演說，不少句子都成為不朽的佳句，值得認真研讀.3進行演講具備演講的知識和技巧，演講稿的完成只是演講的序幕，要進行成功的演講則要進行嚴格的訓練。訓練時，分析演講要領，訓練演講技巧和姿勢語，觀看cctv杯和愛立信杯等英語演講的錄像，了解并按照比賽評分標準進行嚴格的模擬訓練，觀察演講過程是否具備以下特點：主題鮮明，表達完整（演講內(nèi)容）;思維清晰，邏輯性強（文章組織結(jié)構(gòu)）;感情充沛，富有表現(xiàn)力（演講氣勢）;發(fā)音正確，語音語調(diào)標準（英語語音）;反應敏捷，回答準確（心理素質(zhì)）;著裝整潔，儀態(tài)大方等等。除此之外，還要有良好的心理素質(zhì)。多進行模擬演講，有良好的心理素質(zhì)，才能更好地表現(xiàn)自己，取得演講的良好效果。有的同學能講一口地道的美式英語，但由于缺乏良好的心理素質(zhì)而怯場，甚至在比賽中緊張得說不出話來或有一些不良的舉止而被淘汰出局。有了充分的準備，進行演講就不太難了。在演講的整個過程中還要注意一些演講的要領與技巧，如演講者與聽眾目光的接觸(eyecontact)，聲音的抑揚頓挫(vocalvariety)，和肢體語言的配合(handgesturesandbodylanguage)等等，但要恰當，不要太多，否則會喧賓奪主，影響演講效果。掌握了這些要領，有了充分的知識儲備，再加上良好的心理素質(zhì)，一定會成功的.演講技巧no,nosinpublicspeaking演講切忌talkingtoorapidly;語速太快；speakinginamonotone;聲音單調(diào)；usingtoohighavocalpitch;法左小癡.聲音尖細；talkingandnotsayingmuch;〃談〃得太多，說得太少；presentingwithoutenoughemotionorpassion;感情不充分；talkingdowntotheaudience;對觀眾采取一種居高臨下的姿態(tài)；usingtoomany"big"words;夸張的詞語使用得太多;usingabstractionswithoutgivingconcreteexamples;使用抽象概念而不給出事例加以說明；usingunfamiliartechnicaljargon;使用別人不熟悉的技術術語；usingslangorprofanity;使用俚語或粗俗語；disorganizedandramblingperformance;演講無組織，散亂無序；indirectcommunicationi.e.beatingaroundthebush;說話繞彎子，不切中主題；howtocommunicatewiththeaudience怎樣與聽眾交流amessageworthcommunicating;要有值得交流的觀點；gainthelisteners'atention:capturetheirinterestandbuildtheirtrust;引起聽眾的注意：抓住他們的興趣并贏得信任；emphasizeunderstanding;重視理解；obtaintheirfeedback;獲得反饋；watchyouremotionaltone;注意聲調(diào)要有感情；persuadetheaudience;說服聽眾；howtogainconfidence怎樣變得自信smileandglanceattheaudience;微笑并看著觀眾；startveryslowly,withyourshouldersbackandyourchinup;開始發(fā)言時要慢一點，身體保持昂首挺胸的姿態(tài)；openyourspeechbysayingsomethingveryfrankly;開場白說一些真誠話；wearyourverybestclothes;穿上自己的衣服；saysomethingpositivetoyourself;對自己說一些積極的話；fourobjectivesofthespeech演講的四個目標toofferinformation;提供信息；toentertaintheaudience;使聽眾感到樂趣；totouchemotions;動之以情；tomovetoaction;使聽眾行動起來；howtoorganizethespeech怎樣組織演講tohaveastructure:suchasfirst,second,third;geographically,north,south,east,west;compareandcontrasts;oursideversustheirside;negativeandpositive;要有一個結(jié)構(gòu)：可以分一二三點;可以從地理上分東南西北;比較與對比;我方與他方;正面與反面；tolabelthematerialssuchasjokes,funnyanecdotes,favoritesayings,interestingstatistics;將材料歸類整理，如笑話、趣事、名人名言、有趣的數(shù)據(jù)；tousenotecards;使用卡片；howtousecards怎樣使用卡片numberyourcardsonthetopright;在卡片的右上角標上數(shù)字；writeacompletesentenceonbothyourfirstandlastcard;在第一張和最后一張上寫上完整的句子；writeuptofivekeywordsonothercards;其他卡片上最多只能寫五個關鍵詞；usecolortomarkthewordsyouwanttoemphasize;用顏色來標記你想強調(diào)的詞；remindyourselfataparticularsporttocheckthetime.在某一處提醒自己查看時間。howtocopewithbrownout如何對付忘詞justsmileandgotothenextcard.nottheoneinfrontofyou,buttothenextfollowing.lookatthefirstwordonit.thiswillbethepointfromwhichyouwillnowcontinue.ofcourseyoumissedpartofyourspeech.butnobodywillnoticeit.theywillblamethemselvesfornotfollowingyourthoughts.只需要微微一笑，繼續(xù)下一張卡片上的內(nèi)容，不是擺在你目前的那張卡片，而是下一張?？匆幌驴ㄆ系牡谝粋€單詞，這就是你要繼續(xù)的要點。當然你會遺漏一部分內(nèi)容，但是沒有人會注意到這一點。聽眾只會責怪自己沒有跟上你的思路。howtobegin如何開頭totellastory(aboutyourself);講個(自己的)故事；toacknowledgetheoccasionofthegathering;對大家能夠聚在一起表示感謝；topaythelistenersacompliment;稱贊一下聽眾；toquote;引用名人名言；touseunusualstatistics;使用一些不平常的數(shù)據(jù)；toasktheaudienceachallengingquestion;問觀眾一個挑戰(zhàn)性的問題；toshowavideooraslide.播放錄像帶或看幻燈片。howtoclose如何結(jié)尾torepeatyouropening;重復你的開頭；tosummarizeyourpresentation;概括你的演講；toclosewithananecdote;以趣事結(jié)尾；toendwithacalltoaction;以號召行動結(jié)尾；toaskarhetoricalquestion;以反問結(jié)尾;tomakeastatement;以一個陳述句結(jié)尾；toshowanoutlineofyourpresentation.展示演講大綱。eyecontact眼神交流moveyoureyesslowlyfrompersontoperson,andpausetwoorthreesecondswitheachlistener;眼睛慢慢地從一個移動到另一個人，在每一個人身上停留兩到三秒鐘時間；lookatpeoplestraightorlookatthebridgeoftheirnosesorchins;眼睛直視聽眾，或看著他們的鼻梁或下巴lookforthefriendlierfacesandsmileatthemonebyone,thenmoveontothemoreskepticalmembersandsmileatthemonebyonealso;找到那些看起來比較友善的聽眾，逐次朝他們微笑;然后目標轉(zhuǎn)向那些有些懷疑的聽眾，也逐漸朝他們微笑；imaginetheaudienceinbathrobesincaseyouarenervous.如果你感到緊張，不妨想象聽眾都穿著浴衣的樣子。howtousethemicrophone如何使用話筒youmustspeakupandprojectyourvoiceevenifyouareusingamicrophone;即使是用話筒，也要聲音響亮并運氣發(fā)聲；yourvoiceshouldberesonantandsustainedwhenyouspeak;聲音要有回聲并能稍持續(xù)一陣兒；pitchyourvoiceslightlylowerthannormal.listenerstendtoassociatecredibilityandauthoritywitharelativelydeepvoice;音調(diào)要定得比正常講話時低一些，聽眾往往把可信度與性與一個相對低沉的聲音聯(lián)系在一起；trytoenddeclarativesentencesonalowtonewithout,however,trailingoffinvolume;盡量用降調(diào)結(jié)束陳述句，但不要減弱音量；slowdown.放慢語速。keynotespeech基調(diào)發(fā)言akeynotespeechistooutlinethesubjectstobeaddressedbyotherspeakersatanevent,andtoestablishthetoneofameetingorprogram.基調(diào)發(fā)言也稱主題演講，目的就是限定一個集會上其他演講者演講的主題，奠定一個會議或活動的基調(diào)?；{(diào)發(fā)言也直接關系到確立大會的感情基調(diào)。whattosay演講指南planwellinadvance;預先計劃好；makesureyoufullyunderstandyourroleintheprogram;保證自己充分了解在活動中的角色；devotecaretostructuringyourspeechlogically;認真地構(gòu)思演講，使其結(jié)構(gòu)符合邏輯；devotecaretosettingthepropertone.認真設定適當?shù)幕{(diào)。howtouseequipment如何使用設備checklightbulbs,electricalpower,cableconnections,outletsandcontacts,switchesandanymovingparts;檢查電燈、電源、線路的連接、插座和觸電、開關以及一些移動部件confirmtwicethatallyourequipmentwillbeavailableonthetimeofthedaythatyouneedit保證設備能在你使用那天正常工作，至少要確認兩次；arrangetohaveback-upequipmentclosebyandbepreparedtopresentwithoutvisuals;準備一些后備設備以防萬一，并做好沒有圖像資料仍能演講的準備；remembertocarryyourequipmentandensureitwillnotbelost.記得帶上所需要用的設備，不要弄丟了。typicalsignalsofnervousness緊張的典型特征handsinpockets手放在口袋里increasedblinkingoftheeyes眨眼次數(shù)過多；failuretomakeeyecontact害怕眼神的接觸；lickingandbitingofthelips舔嘴唇和史嘴唇；fingertapping敲叩手指；fast,jerkygestures手勢又急又快；crackingvoices粗啞的聲音increasedrateofspeech講話速度加快；clearingofthethroat清嗓子;buttocksclampedtightlytogether臀部崩得緊緊的;三聯(lián)閱讀3/zl/轉(zhuǎn)載請保留thewaytoovercomenervousnessisbreatheindeepandbreatheoutslowlyforsometimes.克服緊張的辦法是調(diào)勻呼吸，深吸氣，慢呼出。howtodress如何穿著得體darkcoloredsuitsordresses;穿深色西裝；redtiesorscarves;空樸素的白襯衫或上衣；blackshoes,freshlypolished;戴紅色的領帶或絲巾；verylittlejewelry-worndiscreetly;穿剛剛擦亮的黑色鞋子；calm,slowgesturesandslowmovements;盡量不戴首飾，要戴的話要非常小心；shouldersback,chinup.挺胸抬頭。howtousegestures如何使有手勢makesureallyourgesturesaresmoothandnatural;所有的動作都應該流暢自然；don'tputyourhandsinyourpockets;不要把手插在口袋里；letyourhandsandarmsdropnaturallytoyourside,gentlyfoldbothindesfingerstogether,withoutwringingorgrippingyourhandsinanyway;將手和手臂自然地在身體兩側(cè)下垂，輕微屈起食指，不要扭在一起或緊握拳頭；letyourhandsdowhattheywanttodoaslongastheydon'tgobackintoyourpocketsormakeobscenegestures.手想要怎樣就讓它怎樣，直到它不再回到你的口袋或在聽眾面前做一些惹人討厭的手勢。pointatimaginaryobjectsanddon'tpointatotherswithyourindexfinger;手可以指點著假想的物體，不要用食指指著別人；sizeorquantitycanalsoeasilybeshownbyexpandingorcontractingthehands;心寸的大小和數(shù)量的多少也可以通過兩手的擴張和收縮來演示；gracefullyshowyouraudiencetheappropriatenumberoffingersbyholdingyourhandsata45degreeanglefromyourhead;手抬起并與頭成四十五度角，優(yōu)雅地用手勢表示出數(shù)字；toemphasizephysicalsizesuchaslength,width,holdyourhandsoutinfrontyouwidelyaparttomovethemupanddown.如果想要強調(diào)長度尺寸的大小，將兩手伸向前方，盡量分開，并上下移動。英語演講實用技巧舉例講解.根據(jù)聽眾對象，注意演講的總體措詞演講的總體措詞是嚴肅一些還是活潑一些，是有較明顯的說教口氣還是用平等的口吻，等等，都要根據(jù)聽眾對象而定。如果場下聽眾是同齡的學生，那么演講的內(nèi)容只要風趣一些往往就能引起共鳴。但另一方面，如果聽眾大多是上了年紀的教師，太多的笑料反而會被認為〃不嚴肅”，〃不尊重〃，而引起反感。用英語演講，不要用太多Ifeel,Ithink，老是用I，顯得十分主觀，狹隘。如果通篇全是Ifeel,Ithink的內(nèi)容，會給人覺得缺乏說服力。另外，perh叩s,maybe這樣的詞語，雖然有〃客氣，謙虛〃的成分，但太多會讓人覺得你演講的內(nèi)容有不可靠之處。還有，在演講中，要少用you，多用we。用you等于把自己與聽眾對立起來，而用we則拉近了與聽眾的距離。比如：Youshouldnotsmoke.聽上去像教訓人，而Let’snotsmoke聽起來是一個不錯的建議。.演講要越短越好英語演講應該簡潔扼要，直截了當。除非特別需要，一般不要采用中文中的那種迂回曲折的表達形式。據(jù)有關專家統(tǒng)計，一般人的注意力一次只能集中約13分鐘。所以，演講長度以10?15分鐘為宜。下面一個范文：Let’sstandupfromwherewefalldownAllthecelebrationswelcomingthenewcenturywereholdintheyear2000,becauselifewithoutagreetingisliketheskywithoutthesun.Greetingsareveryimportantforthewholeworld,inmyopinion.ButIdon’tknowwhethergreetingsareenoughforus.Especiallywhenwemeetwithfailures.IrememberquiteclearlythatwhenIwasachild,ifIfalldownandwasonthebrinkofcrying,myfatheralwaystoldme”Pleasestandupfromwhereyoufalldown!Yes,wemuststandupfromwherewefalldown.Thatwasaspecialmidnightin1993.Expectationsfilledourhearts.WestaredattheTV,hopingexcitedlyasthevoicewouldflytoourears.Butatlast,eachChinesewholovesourmotherlandwasdistressedtoknowtheresult:Beijing,losttoSydneybyamarginoftwovotesintheOlympichostingcompetition.Eightyearshavepast,butthefrustrationhasnothealedwithtimeatall.Now,atthebeginningofthenewmillennium,alloftheprideanddisappointmentofthe20thcenturyhadgonewiththewind.The21stcentury,whichisfullofhope,longingandthoughthascome.Someonesaid,wewouldstartfromzeroon.ShouldIreallystartfromzeroon?No!Iholdthatweshouldgoonwithoureffortsandambitionsstayedbylastcentury,andmakeourlifebetter.“NewBeijing,greatOlympics!”ThevoicecriesthisoutaroundChina’scapital,a3,000-year-oldcitythesedays.Beijing,alongwithParis,Istanbul,OsakaandToronto,hasbeenshortlistedbytheInternationalOlympicCommitteeasanofficialcandidatecityforthe2008OlympicGames.Facingthenewcentury,mankindisdrivenbytherevolutionofscienceandtechnology,worldeconomyisundergoingbroadandprofoundchanges.Butnobodycandenythefactthatcomparedwithdevelopednations,developingcountriesareconfrontedwithmorepressureandchallenges.Inordertobecomefamousintheworld,wemustspeedupourinternationaleconomicrestructuringtocatchupwithindustrializednations.SupportingBeijing’sbidisasystematicprojectthatcansupportChina’sdevelopmentefforts.Ibelieverecycledpaper,cleanfuel,sortedrubbish,water-savingandenergy-efficientfacilitieswillbecomerealityinthecomingyearsforChina.Ibelievethenewcenturyisaneraoflearningandteaching,andlifelongeducationhasbecomeoneofthemaintrendsinthefuturedevelopmentofChinesesociety.Ibelievethat,onJuly13,ourdreamofBeijing’sOlympicbidwillbecometrue.BecausetomillionsofChinese,forChinatohavetheglobalrespectandsupportthatshedeservesisnotjustadream.Itisapartofourverysouls.Forwearenotonlyequalmembersofourmotherland,China,butwearealsoequalcontributorstotheworldasawhole.Letusstandtogether,allnationsinBeijing,inbrotherhood,friendshipandpeace,in2008andforever!.英語演講稿的基本組成部分從大的方面看，英語演講詞實際上是屬于一種特殊的說明文或議論文，其基本組成部分是：1）開始時對聽眾的稱呼語最常用的是Ladiesandgentlemen，也可根據(jù)不同情況，選用Fellowstudents,Distinguishedguests,Mr.Chairman,HonorableJudges（評委）等等。2）提出論題由于演講的時間限制，必須開門見山，提出論題。themostimportantpointtomakeis...-Myfirstpointis...Anotheraspecttobearinmindis...-Itmustalsoberememberedthat...Wemustn’tforgetthat...-Also,don’tforgetthat/rememberthat...Nowforsomethingcompletelydifferent...-Thisbringsmeto...Oh,andanotherthing...3）論證對提出的論題，不可主觀地妄下結(jié)論，而要進行客觀的論證。這是演講中最需要下功夫的部分。關鍵是要把道理講清楚。常見的論證方法有舉例法、因果法、對比法等等，具體句型如下：〃換句話說...”Putinanotherway...-Letmeputthatanotherway...Toputthatinanotherway...-Inotherwords...Alternativelyyoucouldsaythat...-Anotherwayofsayingit...Toputitmorebluntly/moreconcisely...-IfIcanrephrasethat...澄清觀點Iwilltryandputthatmoreclearly/moresimply...Justincasethatwasn’tclear,IwillrephraseitDon’tmisunderstandme,whatImeanis...Iwilljustrepeatthattomakeitclear.It'simportantnottoconfuse/tomakeadistinctionbetween/todistinguishbetween...Thisisnottosaythat...〃一般來說”Broadly/generallyspeaking...-Withafewexceptions/withoutexception.-Ingeneral/Byandlarge/Onthewhole/Overall-Asaruleofthumb-Asageneralrule/It'sgenerallyacceptedthat...-Usually/often/frequentlyitisthecasethat...談論細節(jié)問題-Morespecifically...-Totakeonespecificaspectofthis...-Let’sfocusononeaspectofthis...-Onepointbearscloserexamination...-Ifwecanconcentrateononeaspectofthisforamoment...-thereisonedetailthatisworthfocusingon...-Let’sgointothisinmoredetail.-Uponcloserexamination/investigation...由總到分-Fromthatgeneralrule,wecannowlookataspecificexampleTimetostopgeneralizingandstartbeingpreciseWhatspecificpointscanbedrawnfromtheseconclusions?Doyouwanttobepreciselywrongorapproximatelyright?舉例說明Agoodexample(ofthis)is...-...forexample...-Forinstance...Asanexample(ofthis)...-Totakeanexample...-Toillustratethis...Bywayofanexample...-Anillustrationofthisis...Wecanillustratethisby...-Wecandemonstratethisby...Thiscanbeseeninthefollowing(illustration).-TakeX,forexample.Imagine...-Howdoesthisworkinpractice?4）結(jié)論結(jié)論要簡明扼要，以給聽眾留下深刻印象。That’sallIwanttosayaboutthispoint...ThisconcludeswhatIwanttosayabout......whichconcludeswhatIwanttosayabout...Thatwrapsupthatpoint...ThatcoversthatareaSoitcanbeseenthat...Sowecanseethat...SoI'veshownthat...Inconclusionthen,...Toconcludethispointthen,...there'snothinglefttosayonthispoint,Ithink,so...Ithinkthat'scoveredthatone,so...That,then,was...5）結(jié)尾結(jié)尾要簡潔，不要拉拉扯扯，說個沒完。特別是不要受漢語影響，說些類似〃準備不足，請諒解〃，〃請批評指正〃這樣的廢話。最普通的結(jié)尾就是：Thankyouverymuchforyourattention。4.英語演講稿的語言特征1）多用實詞，多用短句，少用結(jié)構(gòu)復雜的長句在英語演講中，and,but,so,then等虛詞要盡量少用，that,which等詞引導的定語從句也只會使句子結(jié)構(gòu)變得復雜，而使聽眾難以跟上演講者的思路，從而影響演講的效果。相反，多使用實詞，短句，可使得演講內(nèi)容更清晰，氣勢更磅礴。2）演講要注意使用各種修辭手法，增加演講的感染力和氣勢。英語演講中常用的修辭手法有：漸進（climax）、對照9位此651次排比（parallelism）、警句（epigram）等等，例如：Thatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeopleshallnotperishfromtheearth.（排比）這個民有、民治、民享的國家將不會從地球上消失。United,thereislittlewecannotdo;divided,thereislittlewecando.（對照）團結(jié)，我們便將無所不能;分裂，我們則會一事無成。Leteverynationknow,whetheritwishesuswellorill,thatweshallpayanyprice,bearanyburden,meetanyhardship,supportanyfriend,opposeanyfoetoassurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty.（對照和漸進）Sample:InSeptember,2008，theAmericansubprimemortgagecrisiswhichlastedmorethanoneyeargraduallyextendedtothewholeeconomysystemtobeaneconomycrisisallovertheworld.ItscomingnotonlymakestheUntiedStatesfaceaseriesofeconomicproblem,butalsobringstheeconomicmarketaroundtheworldagreatshock:Asacountry,theIcelandhasappliedforthebankruptcy;Zimbabwe’sinflationhasbeenoutofcontrol;Ourneighbor，Korea，sinceitseconomicsystemgetsclosesttotheUnitedStates，itsuffersmuchmorethanotherAsiancountriesinthiseconomicstorm.AsforChina,weareinfluencedalotinthisspecialyear.AlotoffactoriesinGuangdongandFujianprovincesufferedalot:thedifficultyinexporting,theworkerswerelaidoff，evenmadethefactorybreak;Agreatnumberofstuden