太奇2013年管理類專 聯(lián)考輔Passage

基礎(chǔ)班英 六（閱讀Asregardssocialconventions,wemustsayawordaboutthewell-knownEnglishclasssystem.『ThisisanembarrassingsubjectforEnglishpeopleandonetheytendtobeashamedof,thoughduringthepresentcenturyclass-consciousnesshasgrownlessandlessandtheclasssystemlessrigid.Butitstillexistsbelowthesurface.Broadlyspeaking,itmeanstherearetwoclassesthe“middleclassandthe“workingclass”Weshallignoreforamomenttheold“upperclass”includingthehereditaryaristocracy,sinceitisextremelysmallinnumbers;butsomeofitsmembershavetherighttositintheHouseofLords,andsomenewspaperstakeasurprisinginterestintheirprivatelife.)Themiddleclassconsistschieflyofwell-to-dobusinessmenandprofessionalpeopleofallkinds.Theworkingclassconsistschieflyofmanualandunskilledworkers.Themostobviousdifferencebetweenthemisintheiraccent.Middle-classpeopleuseslightlyvaryingkindsof“receivedpronunciation”whichisthekindofEnglishspokenbyBBCannouncersandtaughttooverseaspupils.Typicalworking-classpeoplespeakinmanydifferentlocalaccentswhicharegenerallyfelttoberatheruglyanduneducated.OneofthebiggestbarriersofsocialequalityinEnglandisthetwo-classeducationsystem.Tohavebeentoaso-called“publicschool”immediaymarksyououtasoneofthemiddleclass.Themiddleclassestendtoliveamoreformallifethanworking-classpeople,andareusuallymorecultured.Theirmiddaymealis“l(fā)unch”andtheyhavearatherformaleveningmealcalled“dinner”,whereastheworkingman’sdinner,ifhisworkinghourspermit,isatmidday,andhissmaller,late-eveningmealiscalledsupper.Aswehavesaid,however,theclasssystemismuchlessrigidthanitwas,andforalongtimeithasbeenernmenttoreduceclassdistinctions.『Working-classstudentsverycommonlyreceiveauniversityeducationandentertheprofessions,andworking-class havegrownsomuchrecentlythatthedistinctionsbetweenthetwoclassesare inglessandlessclear.』②However,regardlessofone’ssocialstatus,certainstandardsofpolitenessareexpectedofeverybody,andawell-bred ispolitetoeveryonehemeets,andtreatsalaborerswiththesamerespecthegivesanimportantbusinessman.Servilityinspiresbothembarrassmentanddislike.Eventheword“sir”,exceptinschoolandincertainoccupations(merce,thearmyetc.)soundstooserviletobecommonlyused.ThemiddleclassmainlyreferstopeoplewhowerebornaswhohavetherighttositintheHouseofwhospeakinmanydifferentlocalwhoareprosperousbusinessmenorwhoworkinsomeThemostobviousdifferencebetweentheworkingclassandthemiddleclassinEnglishis A. B. C. D.Whyisn’ttheword“sir”commonlyusedinBecauseitsoundstooservileandislikelytocauseBecauseitcanonlybeusedinsomecertainBecauseitisanimpoliteBecauseitshowsthatthespeakerisnotawell-bredThe“upperclass”inEnglandtodayareextremelysmallinnumbersothatmediapaysnoattentiontostillusesoldwordslike“Sir”intheireverydayincludesthehereditaryrefersonlytotheroyalWhichofthefollowingisnottrueabouttheEnglishclassItisanembarrassingsubjectforEnglishTheclasssystemismuchlessrigidthanitTheclasssystemstillexistsbelowthePassageTherearepeopleinItalywhocan’tstandsoccerNotallCanadianslovehockey.AsimilarsituationexistsinAmericawheretherearethoseindividualsyoumaybeoneofthemwhoyawnorevenfrownwhensomebodymentionsbaseball.『Baseballtothemmeansboringhourswatchinggrownmeninfunnytightoutfitsstandingaroundinafieldstaringawaywhileverylittleofanythinghappens.Theylyouit’sagamebettersuitedtothe19thcentury,slow,quietgentlemanly.Thesearethesamepeopleyoumaybeoneofthemwholovefootballbecausethere’sthesportthatglorifies“thehit”.Bycontrast,baseball ,cool,silent,OnTVthegameisfracturedintoadozens,reys,closeups.Thegeometryofthegame,however,isessentialtounderstandingit.Youwillcontemtethegamefromonepointasapainterdoeshissubject;youmay,ofcourse,projectyourselfintothegame.Itisinthisprojectionthatthegameaffordssomuchspaceandtimeforinvolvement.TheTVwon’tdoitforTake,forexample,thethirdbaseman.Yousitbehindthethirdbasedugoutandyouwatchhimwatchinghomete.Hislegsareapart,kneesflexed.Hisarmshangloose.Hedoesalotofthis.Theskepticstillcannotthinkofanyothersportssostill,sopassive.『Butwatchwhathappenseverytimethepitcherthrows:thethirdbasemangoesuponhistoes,flexeshisarmsorbringtheglovetoapointinfrontofhim,takesasteprightorleft,backwardorforward,perhapsheglancesacrossthefieldtocheckhisfirstbaseman’sposition.Supposethepitchisaball.”Nothinghappened,”yousay.“Icouldhavehadmyeyesclosed.”Theskepticandtheinnocentmustythegame.Andthisinvolvementinthestandsisnomoreinlectualthanlisteningtomusicis.Watchthethirdbaseman.Smooththedirtinfrontofyouwithonefoot;smooththepocketinyourglove;watchtheeyesofthebatter,thespeedofthebat,thesoundofhorsehideonwood.Iffootballisasymphonyofmovementandtheatre,baseballischambermusic,aspaciousinterlockingofnotes,choresandresponses.ThepassageismainlyconcernedwiththedifferenttastesofpeopleforthedifferentcharacteristicsoftheattractionoftheattractionofThosewhodon’tlikebaseballmaycominthatitisonlytothetasteoftheitinvolvesfeweryersthanitisnotexcitingTheauthoradmitsthatbaseballistoopeacefulfortheyoungbaseballmayseemboringwhenwatchedonfootballismoreattractingthanbaseballismoreinterestingthanBystating“Icouldhavehadmyeyesclosed.”theauthormeans(4thparagraphlastThethirdbasemanwouldrathersle