UNIT4Everydayeconomics---Usinglanguage1.Studentscouldlearnsomewordsandphrases.2.Studentscouldgetthemainusageofthisgrammar.3.Studentscouldwritesentencesbyusingthisgrammar.LearningAims:復習：定語從句Review:attributiveclausesWhatisyourunderstandingofthistitle？SharewithothersBrainstorming:Beforelearningthispassage,whatideascometoyourmind?1.adverbialclause2.objectclause3....

Lookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.a.Thisisaplacewhererosesgrowwild.b.Thebiggestchallengeattheinitialphasewasto

persuadepeopletoworkforme,whichwastotally

outsidemy

experience.1.Whatdoes“where”refertoinsentence(a)?“Where”insentence(a)refersto“aplace”.

Lookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.a.Thisisaplacewhererosesgrowwild.b.Thebiggestchallengeattheinitialphasewasto

persuadepeopletoworkforme,whichwastotally

outsidemy

experience.2.Whatdoes“which”refertoinsentence

(b)?“Which”insentence(b)refersto“topersuadepeopletoworkforme”.

Lookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.a.Thisisaplacewhererosesgrowwild.b.Thebiggestchallengeattheinitialphasewasto

persuadepeopletoworkforme,whichwastotally

outsidemy

experience.3.Whichsentence

containsaclause

withessential

informationaboutthesubject?Sentence(a).

Lookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.a.Thisisaplacewhererosesgrowwild.b.Thebiggestchallengeattheinitialphasewasto

persuadepeopletoworkforme,whichwastotally

outsidemy

experience.4.Whichsentence

containsaclause

withextra

iformationaboutthesubject?Setence(b).定語從句(也稱關系從句、形容詞性從句)，是指一類由關系詞(英語:relativeword)引導的從句，因為這類從句的句法功能多是做定語，所以曾被稱為定語從句(英語:attributiveclause)，這類從句除了可以做定語之外，還可以充當狀語等其他成分，所以現(xiàn)代語言學多使用"關系從句"這一術語。

定語從句關系構成關系從句的句法功能主要是充當定語。在英語中，關系從句通常位于它所修飾的詞(組)之后。被關系從句修飾的詞(組)叫做先行詞(英語:antecedent)，引導關系從句的詞稱為關系詞，關系詞指代先行詞并在關系從句中充當一定的成分。例如:Thisisthebookwhichinterestsme.("whichinterestsme"是關系從句，修飾先行詞"book"，而關系詞"which"指代先行詞"book"并在關系從句中充當主語。這句話可以拆分為兩個句子來理解:"Thisisthebook."和"Thebookinterestsme.")

定語從句關系從句有限制性關系從句(英語:restrictiverelativeclause或definingrelativeclause)和非限制性關系從句(英語:non-restrictiverelativeclause或non-definingrelativeclause)之分。限制性關系從句起限定作用，修飾特定的名詞或名詞短語;而非限制性關系從句只起補充說明某種信息的作用。例如:Thegovernmentwhichpromisestocuttaxeswillbepopular.(限制性關系從句)Thegovernment,whichpromisestocuttaxes,willbepopular.(非限制性關系從句)限制性關系從句從語義上看，限制性關系從句主要起限定作用，修飾特定的人或事物，如果去掉限制性定語從句，整個句子表意會不完整甚至不通順;從結構上看，限制性關系從句常緊碑兇陵察跟先行詞，并且同先行詞之間一般不加龍疊逗號分隔(但不是絕對的)。限制性關系從句的關系詞包括:that,which,who,whom,whose,as,than等。非限制性關系從句從語義上看，非限制性關系從句主要起補充說明的作用，有時相當于一個并列分句或狀語從句，可以表達原因、目的、結果、條件、讓步等意義。例如:DrLee,whohadreadthroughtheinstructionscarefullybeforedoinghisexperiments,didnotobtainsatisfactoryresults.(非限制性關系從句表示讓步的意義，相當于thoughDrLeehadreadthroughtheinstructions...)非限制性定語從句的關系詞包括:which,who,whom,whose,as等，另外that在非限制性關系從句中并非絕對不可使用。關系詞的選擇GoodDealisalocalmovementinsomecountries.

Itworkstohelpfarmersandworkersinlessdevelopedareasreceiveabetterdealfortheirproduce.GoodDealproductsmaybealittlemoreexpensivethanregularproducts,butuptoone-thirdofthesalepricewillbegivenbacktothe

producers.

Thisismorethantheycouldgetundertheconventionaltradingsystem.GoodDealisalocalmovementinsome

countries(,)whichworkstohelpfarmersand

workersinlessdevelopedareasreceiveabetter

dealfortheirproduce.Themovementhasprovenpopularamongyoungpeople,andtheywanttohelpproducersgetthepaymenttheydeserve.TheyhavenoproblemspendingabitmoreonGoodDealproducts,believingthattheirpurchasingoftheseproductswillhelpimprovelocalpeople’swelfare.Themovementhasprovenpopularamongyoungpeoplewhowanttohelpproducersgetthepaymenttheydeserve.Themovementhasprovenpopularamongyoungpeoplewhowanttohelpproducersgetthepaymenttheydeserve.However,

somepeoplearelessoptimistic,andargue

thatitdiscriminatesagainstproducersnotpartoftheGoodDealmovement.

Credit,ortheofferingofmoneyloansforrepayment,has

existedsincetheBronzeAge.Formostofthishistory,

lendersreliedmainlyontheirsubjectivejudgementwhen

decidingwhetherornotaborrowerwascreditworthy.

Withthedevelopmentofinformationtechnologyand

dataanalysis,moreandmore

countriesarebuildingtheirown

creditsystemswithobjectivecredit

ratingmethods.People’sactivities

suchascreditcardpayments,loan

payments,etc,arerecordedand

scored,andwillaffecttheirfuture

credit

worthiness.DidYouKnow？Takenotesquickly！重點詞匯BronzeAge青銅時代;青銅器時代mostof大多數(shù)whetherornot是否informationtechnology信息技術，資訊科技dataanalysis數(shù)據(jù)分析;creditrating信用評級;信用等級評定suchas例如creditcard信用卡creditworthiness信譽；信貸價值Find

thebanking

services

thatmeetyourneeds

andwill

help

yousave

money,

such

as

accounts

withfreeonline

bankingservices.1找到滿足您需求并幫助您省錢的銀行服務，例如提供免費網(wǎng)上銀行服務的賬戶。Buildingcreditis

importantthroughoutyour

life,so

becareful

whenopening

yourfirstcredit

cardaccount.

Look

foracard

withgoodbenefits

andnoannualfees.

Always

make

payments

ontime,oryourcreditscore

will

beaffected.2建立信用在你的一生中都很重要，所以在開立第一個信用卡賬戶時要小心。尋找一張有良好福利且無年費的卡。務必按時付款，否則您的信用評分將受到影響。重點詞匯throughout自始至終;遍及;becarefulof小心;當心;注意firstcredit【法】第一檔信貸部分貸款cardaccount卡帳戶;Lookfor尋找;探索;渴望;盼望fees專業(yè)服務費;payments付款;支付;ontime按時;準時score分數(shù);beaffected受到影響;受害Takenotesquickly！Start

saving

now.Save

asmall

amounteach

week,and

increase

iteach

month.This

is

awidelyrecognised

good

habitfor

personal

finance

management,

andyoucanreceiveinterestonyoursavings.3立即開始保存。每周存一小筆錢，每月增加。這是一個公認的個人理財好習慣，你可以從儲蓄中獲得利息。Makingsome

extramoneyis

anoption.Butkeeptwo

thingsinmind:make

sure

thatitdoesn’tinterfere

with

yourstudies,

andpay

any

taxasrequired

bylaw.4賺些外快是一種選擇。但要記住兩件事：確保它不會干擾你的學習，并按照法律要求繳納任何稅款。Makerational

spending

choices

andnever

exceed

youragreedcreditlimit.Avoidluxu