2021/5/91IfYouHaven'tBeenToaPub,

YouHaven'tBeentoBritain.2021/5/92Pub--Theword’shistorycanbetracedbacktotheVictorianera,thepubiscalled“publichouse”，Andthepubisthethumbnailfromthename.Inadditiontothepub,bar,England’spubhassomeothernames,suchas:thealehouse（烈性麥酒屋）、theinn（小酒館）、thetavern（酒館）、theginpalace（杜松子酒館）等2021/5/93

BritianPubhasbeenonethousandyearsofhistory,thedevelopmenthasformeda“PubCulture”.NowinBritian,thereareseveralthousandsoflargeandsmallbarsopened.Britishpeopleoftengotothebarafterwork，andtheywilldrink,chat,andgraduallydissipatefatigueandtrouble,therefore,thebarculturebecomesformedoneimportantwayoflife.2021/5/94IncontinentalEurope,outdoorcafeisasocialactivityorleisureplaceoften,butinUK,becauseofthecloudyandmistyweather,PubsorPublicHousesreplacethepositionofthecafe.

WhyistheBritishpubwell-known?2021/5/95PubNames

MostBritish’s

pubshavebeautifulnames,suchas

“美人魚”(TheMermaid)、“紅房子”(TheRedHouse)、“森林古堡”(CattleinForest)、“快樂的水手”(TheJollySailor)、“迷人的港灣”(CharmingPort)等。2021/5/96OpeningHoursBritishpubsarerequiredtohavealicense,whichisdifficulttoobtain,andallowsthepubtooperateforupto24hours.Mostpubsareopenfrom11to11.在英國(guó)，酒吧都具有非常嚴(yán)格的打烊時(shí)間，現(xiàn)在通常是晚上11點(diǎn)。于是，在10點(diǎn)30分的時(shí)候，就可以聽到酒吧清脆的打烊鈴。這時(shí)候再消費(fèi)就是今天的LastOrder(最后點(diǎn)酒)，超過這個(gè)時(shí)間以后，無論是誰都不能再要酒喝；而11點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，即使客人的興致再高，也不得不離開酒吧，最多停留20分鐘喝完余酒。

2021/5/97PublicBarSaloonBarClassificationofPubs2021/5/981>PublicBar（大眾酒吧）talkdrinkdanceplaygameslistentomusic2021/5/99Inabar,peoplecannotonlydrinkthewineandchat,canalsoentertain,playgames,多米諾牌游戲(dominoes)、投鏢(darts)、類似保齡球(bowling)]、臺(tái)球(poolorbilliards)、紙牌(cards)和推硬幣游戲(shove-halfpenny)(用手把一個(gè)半便士的硬幣推往帶格的木盤里)等。2021/5/910PublicBar2021/5/9112>SaloonBar（沙龍酒吧）

PeacefulandquietExpensiveForhigherlevel2021/5/912

Thekindsofbeer

熟啤酒(lager)苦啤酒(bitter)黑啤酒(guinness)淡啤酒(paleale)淡味啤酒(mild)

生啤酒(draughtbeer)愛爾蘭黑啤酒2021/5/913“onthebeer”形象地比喻“狂飲中,爛醉中”?！皊mallbeer”指“無關(guān)緊要的小事或小人物”,eg:“Evenwith￡10,000toinvest,youarestillsmallbeerformoststockbrokers“beerandskittles”比喻“吃喝玩樂,悠閑自得的生活”

2021/5/914vodka

whisky

brandy

cognac法國(guó)白蘭地

gin琴酒

gin

flzz杜松子酒

martini馬提尼酒

2021/5/915Britishpeoplelovegoingtopubs,andfondofwatchingfootballmatches,thepubisoftencombinedwithfootball.TheBritishpubalmostallhavebeenequippedwithsatelliteTVandlargescreenTV.Whenimportantevents,alargenumberoffanscrowdedintheTVsetinthetavern,drinkingandreviewtheballgame.IfmeetingthefootballWorldCup,pub’sdoorwillbanners:“Watchfootballgames?Comeinplease!”(想看足球賽？那就來這里！)2021/5/916TheBritishpeople---Alcoholabuse(酗酒)OntheWeekend,peopleoftendrinkdrunk.Andthefightingoftenhappenes.TheChinese---Vomiting-inducingtoasts(勸酒)-showdeepfeelingsandfriendly—ifyoudon’tdrink,peoplewillthinkyoulookdownuponhimornotrespecthim.2013年3月，外媒評(píng)出世界10大最愛喝酒國(guó)家，排在第一位的是英國(guó)，中國(guó)則是世界第二大愛喝酒的國(guó)家，中國(guó)人愛喝白酒，醉了就喝醒酒湯。3-10位分別是俄羅斯、法國(guó)、厄瓜多爾、摩爾多瓦、韓國(guó)、烏干達(dá)、德