DynEd課件學(xué)習(xí)理念Qs:WhydopeoplepaytocometostudyEnglish？Whatdotheywant?Whatdotheyneed?WhatareSs’expectations?Whenlearninganewskill,whatstepsdoesitusuallytake?PreviewComprehensionFocusedPracticeReviewIntermittent

ReviewGeneralSkillAcquisitionPathLanguageLearningisaSkillPreviewComprehensionFocusedPracticeReviewIntermittent

ReviewGeneralSkillAcquisitionPathAutomaticity語言學(xué)習(xí)的目標(biāo):Automaticitybeforeautomaticity?大腦高負(fù)荷運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)

??afterautomaticity?自如反應(yīng)使得大腦負(fù)荷大大降低?為處理其它任務(wù)留下空間。學(xué)習(xí)打網(wǎng)球的過程：初步認(rèn)識和嘗試對墻練習(xí)，找教練指導(dǎo)a.墻壁回球更好把握，更有可預(yù)測性。對新手來說較為容易。b.對墻練習(xí)可以使學(xué)打球的過程系統(tǒng)化，先練某些基本的容易的動作，再逐漸加大難度練。如底線正手，反手……c.節(jié)省到處撿球的時間(時間的有效利用，避免不必要的過錯)d.不浪費(fèi)別人的時間。當(dāng)然可以總是請教練陪練，但你要準(zhǔn)備足夠多的錢。e.找不到伙伴時仍能打球。自己的時間自己控制。找人上場對打a.找對對手b.請好的場上教練經(jīng)常地回到墻壁，繼續(xù)有針對性地練習(xí)，逐漸加大練習(xí)難度。再上場找人對打。Whycourseware?CONTEXTCONCEPTSVISUALCHUNKSREPETITIONpracticemakesperfect!EffectiveWhatlearnerspractice?KnowledgeMemoryV.SSkillMemory知識記憶V.S技能記憶知識不能直接轉(zhuǎn)化為技能，技能卻可以幫助理解和記憶知識LanguageFrameworkV.SVocabulary句型結(jié)構(gòu)V.S詞匯大量應(yīng)用高頻詞匯搭建語言框架才是重中之重

Concepts:DesignationTimeMotion:todo…FrequencyLocationDirectionNegationReasonsConditionPurposeCauseandeffect…

SuppositionsTopics:FoodActivitiesHobbiesSportsWeatherTravelingPollutionEnvironment…Situations:ShoppingSeeingadoctorCheckingin/outGreetingOrderingfood…Makinganappointment…Meetingwith…ConceptsV.STopicsV.SSituations交流概念V.S話題V.S情景AHongKongTrip

I.具體

–簡單行為，物品等II.屬性/特質(zhì)/方式方法How,howwell,…III.簡單邏輯關(guān)系IV.確定性/可能性/必然性V.抽象

–推測，假定HierarchicalSequence–PrecedenceRelations

層級遞進(jìn)關(guān)系A(chǔ)irpollutionAirpollutionisakindofpollution.AirpollutionisabigprobleminBeijing.Airpollutioncanmakepeopleill.Automobilesisamajorcauseofairpollution.Airpollutioncancauseacidrain,whichcandamagebuildingsandplants.Whenairpollutionissevere,childrenandelderlypeopleshouldstayindoorandavoiddoingoutdooractivities.IftherewerenosuchbigpopulationinBeijing,therewouldn’tbesuchbadpollution.Giventhefactthatthecityisstillrapidlygrowing,itisunrealistictoexpectthatthepollutionproblembesolvedquicklyinthenearfuture.AnnalivesinMexicoCitywithherparents.Tomorrowmorning,ifIcangetupearly,I’llgooutforbreakfastandtakeawalkinthepark.Tomorrowmorning,ifIcangetupearly,I’llgooutforbreakfastandtakeawalkinthepark.3.

Giventhefactthattherearebillionsofstarslikeours,it’shardtobelievethatintelligentlifeexistsonlyonearth.Giventhefactthattherearebillionsofstarslikeours,it’shardtobelievethatintelligentlifeexistsonlyonearth.

Seeifyoucanrepeat:SeeifprogressivelymoredifficultQuestions:

造成聽力困難的原因是什么？我們的大腦要聽的是什么？Havingtosqueezealotofpiecesofinformationintheworkingmemorymakespeoplenervous.

KeyWord：Tension

LongtermmemoryShorttermmemory

WorkingmemoryLesson1：Therightamountoftensionhelpstoengageourbrain.Notenough–boring.Toomuch–frustratingJustenough–interesting,engaging,healthyPlacementisveryimportant！Lesson2：Text—takesawaytension,makingthetasklessintensive.TextsupportmayeveninterferewithlisteningcomprehensionInordertopracticelistening,text-supporthastoberemoved!!!Lesson3：Ourbrainislookingforpatterns.Focusingonindividualwordsdoesn'thelpwithPatternrecognition.Focusingonindividualwordscanbeverystressful.Workingmemory-limited.MucheasierwhenfocusingonchunksofinformationChunking

abilityisneeded!Howcanwesqueezemoreinformationintoourworkingmemory?CHUNKING語塊處理能力語塊處理

能力與聽說流利度成正比Pleasetakemetothezootomorrow.I

willpickyouupatthehotelaftertakingmykidstoschool.Traffic

at2o’clockuponcompletingtheturn.AnnaandherparentsliveinahousenearaparkinMexicoCity.CHUNKINGFocusonmeaningDevelopEnglish-thinkingQuestion:

Basingonwhatdowechunk??

Iwill

pickyou

upatthe

hotelaftertakingmy

kidstoschool.?

Iwill

pickyouup

atthehotel

aftertakingmykidstoschool.Conceptualunderstandinghelpschunking.Question:

Whathelpsustounderstandthemeanings?PatternRecognitionRecognizinglanguagepatternshelpsustounderstand.?

Iwill

pickyouup

atthehotel

aftertakingmykidstoschool.LanguagePatternsnextto,beside,between,in…Ilike…,because…If…,Iwill…Asaresult….Ittakes…for…to…Themajorcauseof…is…Themorefamiliarwearewiththelanguagepatternsthemorequicklywecanunderstand.Hence,theeasierwecanchunk.35Chunking

語塊處理能力Anna

lives

inShanghaiwith

herparents

AnnalivesinShanghaiwithherparentsAnnalivesinShanghaiwithherparents

AnnalivesinShanghaiwithherparents語塊處理能力與聽說讀寫流利度正相關(guān)只有在沒有文字支持的聽說訓(xùn)練中才能提高語塊處理能力為什么要做大量重復(fù)性練習(xí)？為什么練習(xí)頻度很重要?

長期技能性記憶形成所需要的客觀條件：大量的重復(fù)頻繁地、有規(guī)律地練習(xí)跨越較長一段時間的練習(xí)Summary：Ourgoalisclear:

DevelopLanguagefluency,sopeoplewillneverforgetDevelopchunkingskillsBuildAutomaticity,notjustmastery(subconsciousskill)

Oralfluency

grammarknowledge+vocabulary+lotsofexposureChunkingability

+

ConceptualFramework+Langu