2022年職稱英語(yǔ)考試綜合類課堂筆記一百三十八Thebestwaytoreduceyourweight

Youhearthis：“NoWonderyouarefat．Anyoueverdoiseat．”Youfeelsad：“Iskipmybreakfastandsupper．Iruneverymorningandevening．WhatelsecanIdo?”Basicallyyoucandonothing．Yourgenes，notyourlifehabits，determineyourweightandyourbodyconstantlytriestomaintainit．

AlbertStunkardoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniafoundfromexperimentsthat，“80percentoftheChildrenoftwoobeseparentsbecomeobese，ascomparedwithnomorethan14percentoftheoffspringoftwoparentsofnormalweight．”

Howcanobesepeoplebecomenormaloreventhinthroughdieting?Well，dietingcanbeeffective．butthehealthcostsaretremendous．JulesHirsch，aresearchphysicianatRockefellerUniversity,didastudyofeightfatpeople．Theyweregivenaliquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday1.Aftermorethan10weeks，thesubjectslost45kgonaverage．Butafterleavingthehospital，theyallregained．Theresultsweresurprising：bymetabolicmeasurement，fatpeoplewholostlargeamountsofweightseemedliketheywerestarving．Theyhadpsychiatricproblems.Theydreamedoffoodorbreakingtheirdiet2.Theywereanxiousanddepressed；someweresuicidal．Theyhidfoodintheirrooms．Researcherswarnthatitispossiblethatweightreductiondoesn’tresultinnormalweight，butinanabnormalstateresemblingthatofstarvednon-obesepeople．

Thinpeople，however,sufferfromtheopposite：Theyhavetomakeagreatefforttogainweight．EthanSims，oftheUniversityofVermont，gotprisonerstovolunteertogainweight．Infourtosixmonths，theyateasmuchastheycould．Theysucceededinincreasingtheirweightby20to25percent.Butmonthsafterthestudyended，theywerebacktonormalweightandstayedthere.

Thisdidnotmeanthatpeoplearecompletelywithouthopeincontrollingtheirweight．Itmeansthatthosewhotendtobefatwillhavetoconstantlybattletheirgeneticinheritanceiftheywanttosignificantlylowertheirweight．

Thefindingsalsoprovideevidenceforsomethingscientiststhoughtwastrue-eachpersonhasacomfortableweightrange3.Therangemightbeasmuchas9kg．Someonemightweigh60-69kgwithouttoomucheffortButgoingaboveofbelowthenaturalweightrangeisdifficult．Thebodyresistsbyfeelinghungryorfullandchangingthemetabolismtopushtheweightbacktotherangeitseeks．詞匯：

obeseadj.肥胖的

metabolicadj.新陳代謝的

psychiatricadj.精神病的

解釋：

1.Theyweregivenaliquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday．他們被賜予一種流食配方，每天供應(yīng)600熱卡。

2.Theydreamedoffoodorbreakingtheirdiet．他們夢(mèng)中吃食品，或是不是只吃規(guī)定的食品。

3.Thefindingsalsoprovideevidenceforsomethingscientiststhoughtwastrue-eachpersonhasacomfortableweightrange．結(jié)論還證明了科學(xué)家認(rèn)為是正確的一點(diǎn)，即每個(gè)人的體重有一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)姆取?/p>

練習(xí)：

1.Whatdeterminesyourweight?

A)Yourworkingmanner．

B)Youreatinghabit．

C)Yourlifestyle．

D)Yourgenes．

2.WhatdidJulesHirschdoinhisstudy?

A)Helettheeightfatpeopleskipsupper．

B)Helettheeightfatpeopleskipbreakfast．

C)Helettheeightfatpeopleruneverymornin8andevening．

D)Hegavetheeightfatpeoplealiquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday．

3.Whathappenedtotheeightfatpeopleaftertheyleftthehospital?

A)Theywentmad．

B)Theykilledthemselves．

C)Theywerebacktonormalweight．

D)Theyattemptedsuicide

4.WhatdidEthanSimsmakehissubjectsdo?

A)Battletheirgeneticinheritance．

B)Increasetheirweight．

C)Stayathome．

D)Lowertheirweight．

5.Whatdidscientiststhinkwastrue?

A)Ea