2021-2022學(xué)年湖南省株洲市攸縣皇圖嶺鎮(zhèn)中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway_______mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.A.after

B.while

C.since

D.when參考答案：D2.WilliamShakespeareoccupieda______positioninEnglishliterature.A.mostunique

B.unique

C.veryunique

D.leastunique參考答案：Bunique獨(dú)一無(wú)二的，沒有比較級(jí)形式。3.—Mama,whycan’tIworkthemathproblemout?—Oh，letmesee．Well,you________afigurehere．Gotit?A．squeezedout

B．pickedout

C．leftout

D．woreout參考答案：C考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“媽媽，我為什么做不出這道數(shù)學(xué)題呢？”“哦，讓我看看。你漏掉了一個(gè)數(shù)字。明白了嗎？”squeezeout擠出；pickout挑選出；leaveout遺漏；省略；wearout耗盡，用壞。4.DavidBeckhamhasreportedly______investinginhisfriendGordonRamsay’slatestrestaurant,justweeksbeforeitopens,becausetheybothwantdifferentthings.

A.pulledoutof

B.keptupwith

C.gotdownto

D.comeupwith參考答案：A5.Thiskindofcloth_____well.Ithinkitisworthy_________.A.washes;buying

B.iswashed;buyingC.washes;tobebought

D.iswashed;tobebought參考答案：C6.Asaresultof________isnowknowninphysicsandchemistry,scientistshavebeenabletomakeimportantdiscoveriesinbiologyandmedicine.A.what B.itC.which D.that參考答案：A【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：由于在物理學(xué)和化學(xué)上已知的知識(shí)的原因，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)能夠在生物學(xué)和醫(yī)藥上取得重要發(fā)現(xiàn)。分析句子可知，________isnowknowninphysicsandchemistry為賓語(yǔ)從句，作of的賓語(yǔ)，分析從句，缺乏主語(yǔ)，故用連接代詞，故選A。which表示在范圍內(nèi)的某一個(gè)，本句沒有范圍，故排除。【點(diǎn)睛】what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的用法。一、要掌握好what在句子中的語(yǔ)義。1.表示“……的人”，相當(dāng)于thepersonthat…。如：Heisnotwhathewasafewyearsago.他不是幾年前的他了。WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow？是誰(shuí)把弗雷德培養(yǎng)成現(xiàn)在這樣一個(gè)人的？2.表示“……的地方”，相當(dāng)于theplacethat…。如：ThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity.這就是他們稱作鹽湖城的地方。WhatisnowtheNorthSaharaDesertwasonceacivilizedworld.現(xiàn)在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)文明世界。3.表示“……的數(shù)目”，相當(dāng)于theamount/numberthat…。如：Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatiswastenyearsago.我們現(xiàn)在的收入是十年前的兩倍。4.表示“……的時(shí)間”，相當(dāng)于aperiodoftimethat。如：Afterwhatseemedtobealongtimehecometolife.經(jīng)過了似乎很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間后，他才恢復(fù)了活力。5.what的這種特殊含義可以根據(jù)句子的意思在翻譯時(shí)靈活處理，不可千篇一律。例如：Thecolor1oftheflowerisdifferentfromwhatitwasinthemorning.那朵花的顏色與早晨的不同。（what=thecolor1that）二、要掌握好what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的類型。1.賓語(yǔ)從句（用作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓詞）。例如：Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants.求職面試時(shí)，請(qǐng)記住這條黃金定律：永遠(yuǎn)給予對(duì)方確實(shí)想要的東西。2.主語(yǔ)從句。例如：Whathesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.他在會(huì)上說的話令每個(gè)與會(huì)者震驚。3.表語(yǔ)從句。例如：Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthat’swhatittakestodoanythingwell.堅(jiān)定不移是一種品質(zhì)——能使人做好任何事情。Airistouswhatwateristofish.空氣對(duì)于我們就像水對(duì)于魚一樣（重要）。4.同位語(yǔ)從句（用在idea,message等名詞后）。例如：Ihavenoideawhatweshoulddonext.我不知道下一步我們?cè)摳墒裁础Ｈ?、要掌握好what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序問題。What引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不同于what引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，不可用疑問句語(yǔ)序而應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序。例如：Thesephotographswillshowyouwhatourvillagelookslike.這些照片會(huì)向你展示我們的村莊是什么樣的。7.MedicalstafffledasflamesandsmokefilledanIndianhospital,_____theirpatientstoafire,whichkilled89people.

A.abandoned

B.havingabandoned

C.toabandon

D.abandoning參考答案：D略8.?Whatdoestheshopsell??Paintings,books,cameras–________,theysellit.

A.younameit

B.Imeanit

C.don’tworry

D.it’sashame參考答案：A9.ThemanTomreferredtodoesn`tseemequal______ourdemands.A.tomeeting

B.tomeet

C.meet

D.

meeting參考答案：A10.—WecouldinviteJohnandBarbaratotheFridaynightparty.

—Yes,______?I’llgivethemacallrightnow.

A.whynot

B.whatfor

C.why

D.what參考答案：A考查交際用語(yǔ)。句意：---周五晚上的宴會(huì)，我們可以邀請(qǐng)約翰和巴巴拉來(lái)。---可以。為什么不呢？我馬上給他們打電話。whynot為什么不；當(dāng)然；whatfor為什么；why為什么；what什么。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選A項(xiàng)。11.Studentsholddifferentopinionstowardsthenews______thepointvalueofEnglish____________forGaokaoCollegeEntranceExamination.A.that;decreased B.of;havingdecreased C.that;decreasing D.of;tobedecreased參考答案：D【考點(diǎn)】考查介詞辨析和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)在高考中的重要價(jià)值將要被減弱的消息持有不同的觀點(diǎn)。第一空后面的中心詞是短語(yǔ)thepointvalueofEnglish，用介詞of,排除A,C項(xiàng)，再根據(jù)后面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)forGaokaoCollegeEntranceExamination.表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故用動(dòng)詞不定式，故選D項(xiàng)。12.Ihaveahabitoftakingacoffee,whichmakesmefeel_____whenIhavetostayuplate.A.adequate

B.adequate

C.sensitive

D.energetic參考答案：d略13.—ItistwomonthssinceIsmoked.—

.

A．Youshouldn’thavesmokedsomuch

B．Youwillmakeagoodhusband

C．Howdidyoukeepsmokingforsolong?

D．Whycouldn’tyoustopit?參考答案：B14.Manyparentsspendnearlyalloftheirmoney_______theirchildrencanhaveagoodeducation.

A.unless

B.once

C.nowthat

D.sothat參考答案：D15.Doyouthink_

___makessensetochallengeotherstotrytosetanewGuinnessWorldRecord?

A．that

B．this

C．it

D．he參考答案：C略16.Howdidit________thatthecarfelloffthebridgeintotheriver?

A.comeout

B.comeabout

C.comeacross

D.comeup參考答案：B二、完型填空17.RunningforaDreamIwillneverforgetthatNovemberday．Itwashotterthannormal．Thiswasthe____myfatherandIhadwaitedsolongfor,becausewehadbeenworkingtowardsthisraceforthreeyears．Dozensoffamiliarfacesfromchurchandschoolflashedacrossmyview．Theyhadcome____me．Isawworryand____onmyfather’sface．Thentheracebegan!Forthefirsttwoandahalfmiles,Ifelt____．Ihadneverbeforebeensoreadyforsomething．Theweeksleadinguptotheracewerefilledwithcontrolled____andastrictdiet．Myfriendshadn’tseenmeinweeks,buttheyunderstoodthe____

requiredtomakemydreamareality．Asinallofmyraces,Ididn't____outinthefront,Ilovedthepleasureofpassingpeopleasmystrengthovertooktheirprematurespeed. Thenwithoutwarning,mystrengthbegantodecrease．Neckandneckwithoneofmygreatestcompetitors,I____seethefinishline．Ihadbegunthefinaldashinto___whenmykneesbecameweakandmylegsgaveway．NothingIcoulddowouldmakethem____weight. Iwatchedasrunnersrushedbyme．____Iknewmydreamsofvictoryweredestroyed,Ihadtofinishtherace．However,mylegshurtbadly．Withallofthe____leftinme,Igotonmyhandsandkneesandcrawled(爬),inchbyinch,acrossthefinishline．Voices,both____andfamiliar,cheeredmeon．Theygavemethecouragetokeep____untiltheveryend.Thedoctorswerethereinseconds,butmyeyessearchedthecrowdforhim．TherewasonlyonepersonIwantedto____to．Iwhispered,“I’msosorry,Dad,I'msosorryI____you.”Helookedatme,saying,“Youcouldneverdisappointme．Sometimesthesethingsjust____．Allthatmattersisthatyoudidyourbest.” “Butweworkedso____．Whataboutourdream?”Hereachedoverformyhandandsaid,“Don'tyouknowthatyouaremydreamandithascometrue?”Itwasn'tlongbeforemyrunningshoeswerebackon,markinga____pathformyjourney,Ilearnedthatallofthemiles,thetears,thesweat,andthepainmydadandIexperiencedtogetherwerenotfora____．WhatIrealized,though,wasthattohim,Iwasthegreatestprizehehadeverwon. 41．A．dream

B．weather

C．result

D．day 42．A．for

B．to

C．a(chǎn)cross

D．over 43．A．coldness

B．a(chǎn)stonishment

C．excitement

D．a(chǎn)musement 44．A．proud

B．great

C．nervous

D．a(chǎn)fraid 45．A．programs

B．studies

C．instructions

D．practices 46．A．sacrifice

B．potential

C．patience

D．a(chǎn)ttention 47．A．look

B．move

C．start

D．come 48．A．should

B．could

C．must

D．need 49．A．relief

B．spirit

C．pleasure

D．glory 50．A．give

B．feel

C．hold

D．a(chǎn)dd 51．A．Where

B．Because

C．If

D．Although 52．A．trust

B．emotion

C．strength

D．confidence 53．A．loud

B．foreign

C．soft

D．firm 54．A．going

B．running

C．fighting

D．training 55．A．refer

B．talk

C．listen

D．a(chǎn)gree 56．A．frightenedB．disturbed

C．disappointed

D．bored 57．A．develop

B．change

C．follow

D．happen 58．A．late

B．hard

C．closely

D．quickly 59．A．new

B．near

C．rough

D．narrow 60．A．wish

B．duty

C．rank

D．race 參考答案：41．D42．A43．C44．B45．D46．A47．C48．B49．D50．C51．D52．C53．B54．A55．B56．C57．D58．B59．A60．D三、閱讀理解18.Weknowthatoursmartphonesareexpertly-designeddistractiondevicesthatweakenoureffortstoresist.But,wealsoknowthatresistanceisimportantifwe’reevergoingtofindaworkablemiddlegroundwithourphones–andarecent

hasservedupanotherreasontostrengthenourresolve.Hereitis:

whenyoupickupyourphonewhiledoinganythingmentallychallenging,you'rehandicappingyourbrain’sabilitytorechargeandperformancepredictablydecreases.That’stheconclusionofastudythatputroughly400collegestudentstotasksolvingchallengingwordpuzzles.Whentheywereabouthalfwaythrough,theresearchersallowedmostofthestudentstotakeabreakeitherusingtheirphones,usingacomputerorreadingaprintcircular.Otherstudentsweretoldtojustkeeponworkingwithoutanysortofbreak.

Theresultsshowedthatthestudentswhotookabreakwiththeirphonesweretheworstperformersofallthegroups.Theytook19%longertofinishthetasksandtheysolved22%fewerword-problemsthanalltheothergroupscombined.Infact,thecell-phonegroup’sefficiencyandprocessingspeedwasaboutthesameasthegroupthattooknobreak.

Thereasonofferedbytheresearchersisn’tmerelybecausedigitaldevicesareinherentlyengaging(迷人的),butbecause

oursmartphonesareattentiongatesintosomanyotherattention-catchingareas,eachpullingourmentalenergyindifferentdirections.

Thisresearchstressesthatweignoredtheenergyreductionfromusingoursmartphones,andthatwewereover-confidentaboutwhatourbrainscanhandle.

Wealsooverlookedtheemotionalconnectionwe'ddevelopedwithourphones.

It'snolongerjustadevice.It'sacompanion.“Itisimportanttoknowthecostsassociatedwithreachingforthisdeviceduringeveryspareminute,”Kurtzbergadded.“Weassumeit’snodifferentfromanyotherbreak–butthephonemaycarryincreasinglevelsofdistractionthatmakeitdifficulttoreturnfocusedattentiontoworktasks.”32.Whatdoes“resolve”inParagraph1referto?A.Findingaworkablephone.

B.Resistingusingphones.C.Makingfulluseofphones. D.Upgradingpersonalphones.33.Theunderlinedword“handicapping”inParagraph2probablymeans___________.A.strengthening B.performing C.weakening

D.changing34.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A.Therearetwogroupsofstudentsintheresearch.B.Allthestudentscannottakeabreakintheresearch.C.Thecell-phonegroupdidbestinsolvingthepuzzles.D.Studentshavetocompletewordpuzzlesbeforethebreak.35.What’sthemainideaoftheParagraph6?A.Thephoneisnolongerfavoredbypeople.B.Thephoneisnotaspowerfulasexpected.C.Peoplecannotconnectemotionallywithphones.D.Peopledidn’tfullyunderstandtheeffectofphones.參考答案：32.B

33.C

34.B

35.D

這是一篇科普說明文，介紹了一個(gè)研究結(jié)果，使用手機(jī)會(huì)減弱我們的注意力。32.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由全文可知在工作中使用手機(jī)會(huì)不自覺的分散我們的注意力，降低工作效率，因此我們應(yīng)該下定決心抵制在工作中使用手機(jī)。33.C。詞義推理題。分析句子成分可知and前后為并列句，decreases和handicapping并列，decreases減少，故選C。34.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干提示定位到第三段。第二句大多數(shù)學(xué)生中途被允許休息，故D錯(cuò)誤；學(xué)生被分為休息可使用手機(jī)，可使用電腦，可閱讀打印通知以及不休息多組，故A錯(cuò)誤；第四段使用手機(jī)組在數(shù)獨(dú)游戲中表現(xiàn)最差，故C錯(cuò)誤；第三段最后一句“Otherstudentsweretoldtojustkeeponworkingwithoutanysortofbreak”表明并不是所有學(xué)生在研究中都能休息，故B正確。35.D。主旨大意題。第六段中根據(jù)研究強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容可知，人們沒有充分的了解手機(jī)的影響。故選擇D。19.SoccerhastheFIFAWorldCup.Tennishasthemajors.Golfhasthemajors.FootballhastheSuperBowl.BasketballhastheNBA.Thesemajorsportsallhaveestablishedleaguesforprofessionalsandamateurs,sowhydotheyhaveaspotintheOlympics?TheOlympicsisn’tthemostdesirabletitleinthesesports.AnOlympicgoldmedal,forexample,can’tmotivatesomefootballerstoworkhard,becausetheyhavetoreservesufficientphysicalstrengthforthesupremacy—theFIFACup.EveryyeartheOlympiccommitteevotes,andeveryyearsomeonegetsletdown.Asportendangeredofbeingcutisveryclosetomyheart,wrestling.Igrewupwithit:thefirst8yearsofmylifewereinacollegewrestlingroom,watchingmydadcoachhisteamandthecountlesshourscontinuetothisday.Wrestlingmeanteverythingtomydad:hewasanOlympian,PanAmericanwinner,Worldchampion,Olympiccoach,andDivision1coach.InFebruary2013,theydroppedwrestling,softball,andbaseball.InMay,theyallowedthethreesportstobeshort-listed.However,inSeptembertheyvotedonthereturnofwrestling.Mypointisthatitisn’tfairthatbasketball,tennis,football(soccer),andgolfalltakespotsonthesummerOlympicsoutlineforsports.Theyallhaveleaguesthatthewholeworldparticipatesin.Ican’tsayforallofthesportsthatanOlympicgoldistheultimate(終極的)title,butIcantellyouafactthatinwrestling,bothfr