第頁共頁自學(xué)考試《現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)》自測試題帶答案自學(xué)考試《現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)》自測試題帶答案Ⅰ.MultipleChoiceDirections:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestpletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%×10=20%)1.ThefamousationfromShakespeare’splay“RomeoandJuliet”:“Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet”wellillustrates_______.()A.theconventionalnatureoflanguageB.thecreativenatureoflanguageC.theuniversalityoflanguageD.thebigdifferencebetweenhumanlanguageandanimalmunication2.Ofthefollowingsoundbinations，only_______ispermissibleaccordingtothesequentialrulesinEnglish.()A.kiblB.bkilC.ilkbD.ilbk3.ThesentencethathasaNPandaVPcanbeshownina_______formula“S→NPVP”。()A.hierarchicalB.linearC.treediagramD.vertical4.Itisthe_______onCaseassig____entthatstatesthataCaseassignorandaCaserecipientshouldstayadjacenttoeachother.()A.CaseConditionB.parameterC.AdjacentConditionD.AdjacentParameter5.Predicationanalysisisawaytoanalyze_______meaning.A.phonemeB.wordC.phraseD.sentence6.AccordingtoSearle，thoseillocutionaryactswhosepointistomitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled_______.()A.misivesB.directivesC.expressivesD.declaratives7.Theterm_______linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangeovervariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.A.synchronicB.diachronicC.parativeD.historicalparativeA.vocalthoughtB.subvocalthoughtC.covertthoughtD.overtthought10.Whcihofthefollowingbeststatesthebehavioristviewofchildlanguageacquisition_______.()A.LanguageacquisitionisaprocessofhabitformationB.Languageacquisitionisthespecies-specificpropertyofhumanbeingsC.ChildrenarebornwithaninnateabilitytoacquirelanguageD.HumansareequippedwiththeneuralprerequisitesforlanguageandlanguageuseⅡ.BlankFillingDirections:Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%×10=10%)11.Inthecourseoftime，thestudyoflanguagehasetoestablishcloselinkswithotherbranchesofs________studies，suchassociologyandpsychology.12.Clear[1]anddark[]areallophonesofthesameonephoneme/1/.Theynevertakethesamepositioninsoundbinations，thustheyaresaidtobeinc________distribution.13.Ar________isoftenseenaspartofaword，butitcanneverstandbyitselfalthoughitbearsclear，definitemeaning.14.Ac________sentencecontainstwoormoreclauses，oneofwhichisincorporatedintheother.Ⅲ.TrueofFalsequestionDirections:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.I(2%×10=20%)21.Inthehistoryofanylanguagethewritingsystemalwayscameintobeingbeforethespokenform.()22.InEnglish，longvowelsarealsotensevowelsbecausewhenwepronouncealongvowelsuchas/i：/，thelarynxisinastateoftension.()23.Apoundisthebinationofonlytwowords.()24.“Thestudent”inthesentence“Thestudentlikedthelinguisticlecture.”，and“Thelinguisticlecture”inthesentence“Thelinguisticlecturelikedthestudent.”belongtothesamesyntacticcategory.()25.Linguisticformshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentreferencesindifferentsituationswhilelinguisticformswiththesamereferencealwayshavethesamesense.()26.Animportantdifferencebetweenpresuppositionandentailmentisthatpresupposition，unlikeentailment，isnotvulnerabletonegation.Thatistosay,ifasentenceisnegated,theoriginalpresuppositionisstilltrue.()27.ThedivisionofEnglishintoOldEnglish，MiddleEnglish，andModernEnglishisnonconventionalandnotarbitrary.()28.Languagereflectssexisminsociety.Languageitselfisnotsexist，justasitisnotobscene;butitcanconnotesexistattitudesaswellasattitudesaboutsocialtaboosorracism.()29.Ifachildisdeprivedoflinguisticenviro____ent，heorsheisunlikelytolearnalanguagesuccessfullylateron.()30.Whenchildrenlearntodistinguishbetweenthesoundsoftheirlanguageandthesoundsthatarenotpartofthelanguage，theycanacquireanysoundsintheirnativelanguageoncetheirparentsteachthem.Ⅳ.DefinitionDirections:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexlesifnecessary.(3%×10=30%)31.culturaltransmission(asadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage)32.phonicmediumoflanguage33.voicing34.inflectionalmorphemesn35.reference36.locutionaryact37.protolanguage38.ethnicdialect39.registers40.acculturationⅤ.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%×2=20%)41.WhydowesaytreediagramsaremoreadvantageousandinformativethanlinearstructureinanalyzingtheconstituentrelationshipamonglinguisticelementsSupportyourstatementwithexles.42.Describetheprocessoflanguageperception，prehensionandproduction.參考答案一、單項(xiàng)選擇題(本大題共10小題，每題2分，共20分)1.A2.A3.B4.C5.D6.A7.B8.C9.D10.A二、填空題(本大題共10小題，每題1分，共10分)11.social12.plementary13.root14.plex15.plementary16.utterance17.metathesis18.bilingualism19.lateralization20.transfer三、判斷題(本大題共10小題，每題2分，共20分)21.F22.T23.F24.T25.F26.T27.F28.T29.T30F四、名詞解釋題(本大題共10小題，每題3分，共30分)31.Oneofthemajordefiningfeaturesofhumanlanguage.Humansarebornwiththeabilitytoacquirealanguage，butdifferentfromanimals，theactualuseofhumanlanguageisnotgeicallytransmitted，ratheritisculturallytransmitted，i.e.ithastobetaughtandlearnt.32.Thelimitedrangeofsoundsthatareusedinhumanlanguagemunication，i.e.thespeechsounds.Voicingisaphoicfeatureofsomesounds.Itiscausedbythevibrationofthevocalcords.34.Inflectionalmorphemesaremorphemesthatareusedtoindicatethegrammatrcalrelationsandcategories，suchas-ed，-(e)s，-estinEnglish.35.Referenceiswhatalinguisticformreferstointherealworld;itisamatteroftherelationshipbetweentheformandthereality.Forexle，ifwesay，“Thedogisbarking，”wemustbetalkingaboutacertaindogknowntoboththespeakerandthehearerinthesituation.Theactualdogtheword“dog”referstointhisparticularsituationisthereferenceoftheword“dog”。360(36.Locutionaryactreferstotheactofutteringwords，phrases，andclauses.Itistheactofconveyingliteralmeaningbymeansofsyntax，lexiconandphonology.Forexle，bysaying“Youhaveleftthedoorwideopen”，thelocutionaryactperformedbythespeakeristhathehasutteredallthewordsandexpressedwhatthewordsliterallymean.37.Aprotolanguageistheoriginalformofalanguagefamilythathasceasedtoexist.Theprotoformcanbereconstructedbyidentifyingandparingsimilarlinguisticformswithsimilarmeaningsacrossrelatedlanguages.m38.Anethnicdialectisasocialdialectofalanguage，oftencuttingacrossregionaldifferences.Itisspokenmainlybyalessprivilegedpopulationthathasexperiencedsomeformofsocialisolation，suchasracialdiscriminationorsegregation.39.Registersarelanguagevarietiesappropriateforuseinparticularspeechsituations，incontrasttolanguagevarietiesthatareassociatedwiththesocialorregionalgroupingoftheircustomaryusers.Forthisreason，registersarealsoknownassituationaldialects.40.Acculturationreferstoaprocessofadaptingtothecultureandvaluesystemofthesecondlanguagemuni