Unit1AlandofdiversityCALIFORNIALanguagePointsUnit1AlandofdiversityC1

Para.11．CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.

序數(shù)詞可以修飾形容詞的最高級

TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.Alaska→thebiggeststateintheUSATexas→thesecondlargeststateintheUSAPa

注意

populationn.人口(1)對人口提問用what,不用howmany,howmuch。

What’sthepopulationofthecity?

這個城市有多少人口？注意

(2)population作主語時用單數(shù)，但前有分數(shù)，小數(shù)，百分數(shù)時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。

ThepopulationofChinalargerthanthatofAmerica.

中國人口比美國人口多。

80%ofthepopulation

farmers.

百分之80的人口是農民。isare(2)population作主語時用單數(shù)，但前有分

(3)人口的增加或減少用grow(increase)

和fall(decrease);人口的多少用large和small。

Therehasbeenarapidincreaseinpopulationinthecityinthelastfewyears.

近幾年該城市人口增長很快。(3)人口的增加或減少用grow(increase即學即練完成下列句子。我國人口眾多，地大物博，資源豐富。(一句多譯)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ourcountryhasalargepopulation,vastterritoryandabundantresources.Ourcountryhasthemostpopulationintheworldwithvastterritoryandabundantresources.即學即練完成下列句子。Ourcountryhasal2．ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA,havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.

加州的與眾不同之處在于它也是美國最具多元文化的一個州，它吸引了世界各地的人們。

distinctionn．差別，區(qū)別，對比，優(yōu)秀，杰出，不同凡響現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結果狀語2．Italsohasthedistinction即學即練將下列句子譯成漢語。(1)Teachersshouldbefairtoeverystudentwithoutdistinction.________________________________________________________________________(2)NotonlydidIpassthetest,butIgotadistinction.________________________________________________________________________老師對學生應一視同仁，毫無區(qū)別。我不僅通過了測試，成績還很突出。即學即練將下列句子譯成漢語。老師對學生應一視同仁，毫無區(qū)別。(3)Hegraduatedwithdistinction.________________________________________________________________________(4)ShehadthedistinctionofbeingthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize.________________________________________________________________________(5)MakeadistinctionbetweenAandB.________________________________________________________________________他以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)。她不同凡響，是第一位獲得諾貝爾獎的女性。把A和B區(qū)別開。(3)Hegraduatedwithdistincti構詞法：前綴multi－是“多，多方面，多方向”的意思。multi－colored多色的multi－racial多種族的multi－media多媒體multiparty多黨multi－purpose多用途，多功能multicultural多元文化的Weliveinamultiracialsociety.我們生活在一個多種族的社會。構詞法：3．Thecustomsandlanguagesoftheimmigrants

liveonintheirnewhome.這些移民的風俗習慣以及語言在他們的新家都得以延續(xù)。3．Thecustomsandlanguagesof

immigratev.移入；移民ENTERaforeigncountry

immigrationn.移居

immigrantn.（從外國移入的）移民

apply-applicant

participate-participant

consult-consultant

immigratetosp.eg:這對夫妻選擇移民德國。ThecoupleelecttoimmigratetoGermany.immigratev.移入；移民ENTE4.Exactlywhenthefirstpeople

arrivedin

whatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.(para.2)

[分析]a.本句是一個主從復合句,也是個倒裝句。b.主句是__________________,從句是when引導的賓語從句。c.在賓語從句中,what引導的從句作介詞in的。

NATIVEAMERICANSnoonereallyknows賓語4.Exactlywhenthefirst5.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.

本句中it是，that從句是真正的主語。

Itislikely/possible/probablethat…sb/sthislikelytodosth

某人/物有可能做某事形式主語5.However,itislikelythe.g.Sheis______tosucceed.

她有可能會成功.=Itislikelythatshewillsucceed.likelyThisisa________story.這是一個有可能發(fā)生的故事.likely辨析:likely,possible,probable按可能性程度,probable可能性最大,其次為likely,

最小為possible,但需要注意的是,likely的主語可以是人,但possible,probable卻只能用形式主語it.e.g.Sheis______tosucceed.6．ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.科學家認為首批定居者通過史前存在的大陸橋跨過北極地區(qū)的白令海峽來到美國。theAntarctic

南極6．Scientistsbelievethatthes

Therearetwoclausesinthissentence,canyoufindthemout?Whatclausesarethey?

6.ScientistsbelievethatthesefirstsettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitfromAsiatoAlaskabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.

ObjectclauseAttributiveclause()()

Therearetwoclausesinthis7.Inthe16thcentury,afterthearrivalofEuropeans,thenativepeoplesufferedgreatly.

vi.受痛苦；受損害vt.遭受；忍受suffer+痛苦損失；sufferfrom+戰(zhàn)爭,自然災害帶來的苦難suffer7.Inthe16thcentury,aft8.Thousandswerekilledorforcedintoslavery.forcedintoslavery:被迫成為奴隸Thefellowforcedhiswayintomyhome.那家伙強行闖入我家。Thousand,hundred,million,dozen,score等表數(shù)字的詞表示具體數(shù)字時不加“s”，加“s”時泛指許多。Hundredsofpeoplegoskatinginwinter.Therearethreethousandstudentsinourschool.8.Thousandswerekilledorfor

9.Inaddition,manydiedfromthediseasesbroughtbyEuropeans.

brought

by

Europeans

為過去分詞作定語,

相當于which

were

brought

by

Europeans,

注意:單個分詞作定語放在所修飾的詞前面,

分詞短語作定語需放在所修飾的詞之后。Englishisa____________language.

英語是一種被廣泛使用的語言。

Thisisoneoftheschools_______in1980s.

這是八十年代所建的學校之一。widelyusedbuilt9.Inaddition,manydiedfr10．OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.(para.3)1)句中Spanish前面有序數(shù)詞限定成分，故其后用不定式定語形式。

ShewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize.

2)majority作“多數(shù)，大半”講,單獨作主語時,謂語動詞多用單數(shù),在強調“多數(shù)成員的各個成員”時,謂語動詞也可用復數(shù)。謂語動詞的數(shù)與of后面的名詞相一致。Themajorityofpeoplepreferpeacetowar.Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.THESPANISHTHESPANISH11.In1846,theUnitedStatesdeclaredwaronMexico.declarev.宣布；聲明；宣稱；斷言declarewaron對宣戰(zhàn)declareforsb/sth.聲明支持...declareagainstsb/sth.聲明反對...11.In1846,theUnitedStates12.In1848,notlongaftertheAmerican-Mexicanwar,goldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.(para.5)notlongafter不久之后

longafter很久之后

longbefore很久以前

beforelong不久以后

GOLDMINERS12.In1848,notlongafterthLATERARRIVALS

13.AlthoughChineseimmigrantsbegantoarriveduringtheGoldRushPeriod,itwasthebuildingoftherailnetworkfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbroughtevenlargernumberstoCaliforniainthe1860s.(Para.6)[點撥]

此句為主從復合句,從句為although引導的讓步狀語從句,主句為itwas...that強調句,用來強調主語thebuildingof。

LATERARRIVALS

強調句:Itis(was)被強調部分+that(who)+句子其他部分。此結構強調的成分僅限于主語,賓語和狀語。Itwasbeinginvitedtothepartythatwasagreathonortothefamily.

被邀請參加聚會是這家人的榮幸。

強調句:Itis(was)被強調部分+that

14．TheindustryboomattractedEuropeansincludingmanyJewishpeople.迅速增長的工業(yè)吸引了包括許多猶太人在內的歐洲人。(Para.7.)boom(經(jīng)濟)激增，(音樂或某種體育活動)突然風靡的時期，轟響，繁榮昌盛，低沉有力地說14．Theindustryboomattract即學即練將下列句子譯成漢語。(1)ItisreadilyapparentthatChinaisbeginningtoboom.________________________________________________________________________(2)Stocksmayboomtoday,butdroptomorrow.________________________________________________________________________顯而易見，中國要開始高速度地發(fā)展了。股票可能今天暴漲，但明天又下跌。即學即練將下列句子譯成漢語。顯而易見，中國要開始高速度地發(fā)展(3)“Getoutofmysight！”

heboomed.________________________________________________________________________(4)Bythe1980s,thecomputerindustrywasbooming.________________________________________________________________________“別讓我再見到你！”他低沉而有力地說。到20世紀80年代，計算機行業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展。(3)“Getoutofmysight！”he15.PeoplefromAfricahavebeenlivinginCaliforniasincethe1800s,whentheymovednorthfromMexico.(para.8)havebeendoing現(xiàn)在完成進行時,強調始于過去某時的動作持續(xù)發(fā)生到現(xiàn)在.eg.Hehasbeenpaintingtheroom.

他一直都在粉刷房間.15.PeoplefromAfricahavebeeTHEFUTURE14．Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.(Para.10)人們認為這種多國籍的融合是如此巨大以至不久就不會有主要的種族或文化團體，而只是多元文化的組合。分析]

a.itisbelievedthat...表示“人們認為……”，其中it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句。b.so...that...如此……以至于……，其中that引導結果狀語從句。THEFUTURE詞語鏈接mixvt.&vi.&n.混合；摻和；混合物(與a連用)mixturen.

混合物mixedadj.

混合的,復雜的,男女混合的e.g.Thecityisamixtureofancientand modernbuildings. Hearingthenews,Ihadmixedfeelings.

mixAandB＝mixAwithB使A和B混合1)Hemixedredpaintwithyellowpainttomakeorangepaint.2)Itisbettertomixworkwithpleasure.3)Oildoesn’tmixwithwater.詞語鏈接mixvt.&vi.&n.混合；摻和；混即學即練將下列句子譯成英語，并分析其結構。(1)一個星期后，我們到達了一個人們叫它死亡之谷的地方。即學即練將下列句子譯成英語，并分析其結構。要點講與練(2)雖然他說自己不努力，但是正是他的努力工作才帶給他巨大的成就。要點(2)雖然他說自己不努力，但是正是他的努力工作才AdjectiveNounmajorhardracedistinctmajority

Completethefollowingchartwith

newwordsfromthetext.racialhardship/hardnessdistinctionAdjectiveNounmajorharPage

34AdjectiveNounItalian

Korea

PakistanDenmark

Italy

Korean

Pakistani

Denish

AdjectiveNounItalianPage

35VerbAdjectiveNounapplysimplemix

illustrateappliedmixedillustrativeapplicationmixtureillustrationsimplifysimplicityVerbAdjectiveNounapplyPage

362Completethesesentences,usingnewwordsfromthetext.1.A_______countryconsistsofagroupofstates.2.Thatisthebiggest_______churchIhaveeverseen.federalcatholic2Completethesesentences,uPage

373.The________ofusvotedforMrRed,whothenbecamechairmanofthecommittee.4.The________ofEducationisoneofthegovernmentdepartments.5.Theeconomic______inrecentyearshascreatedmorejobopportunities.6._______shapedlikeabootliesinthesouthofEurope.majorityMinistry

boom

Italy

3.The________ofusvotedfoPage

387.Weshoulddrawa__________betweenrightandwrong.8.TomakethecrossingfromShandongtotheNortheast,ourancestorssufferedallkindsof_________.9.ThepeoplefromSouthorNorth_______arecalledKoreans.10.Nobodyknowswhowillbe_________aspresidentorvicepresidentofthiscountry.

dis