Lesson87

APerfectAlibi真実はいつも一つ！【Newwordsandexpressions】alibin.不在犯罪現(xiàn)場

commitv.犯（罪、錯）inspectorn.探長

employern.雇主confirmv.確認，證實

suggestv.提醒truthn.真相一．單詞講解：★alibi n.不在犯罪現(xiàn)場proveanalibi＝establishanalibi＝setupanalibi[法]提出不在犯罪現(xiàn)場的辯護eg：Theyallhadalibisforthatnight.★commit（1） v.犯（罪、錯）eg：Hemusthavecommittedacrime.eg：Arobberywascommittednearhere.commitsuicide自殺

；commitmurder殺人commitablunder犯了大錯（2）把……委托于…….交付、投入…….eg：Theycommittedthepatienttothementalhospital.eg：Hewascommittedtoprison.他被關入監(jiān)獄。commitonsth；committodosth；committodoingsth承諾某人某事eg：Shedidn’twanttocommitherselfonthatmatter.eg：Thegovernmentcommitteditselftoreduce/reducingtaxes.eg：Hecommittedhimselftotheantiwar★inspector（1）視察員aninspectoroffactories工廠的視察員（2）n.探長inspect（1）v.詳細調(diào)查、檢查eg：Youshouldinspectthecarwellbeforeyoubuyit.買車之前你應該檢查它。★inspector（2）

視察eg：TheMinisterofEducationinspectedourschool.inspectionn.檢查、審查undergoamedicalinspection接受健康檢查eg：Theymadeaninspectionofthefactory.★employer n.雇主←→employeeemployment就業(yè)、雇用

←→unemploymentfullemployment充分就業(yè)eg：We’veintheemploymentofthecompany.employ（1）v.聘請、雇用employsbas雇用某人……..eg：Thefirmemploystwointerpreters＊interpreter

[in?t?:prit?]n.譯員；解釋者；翻譯器eg：Heemployedthegirlasatypist.（2）使用（物、能力）（use）

eg：Youshouldemployyourfindsmorewisely.employEnglishasacommonlanguage

以英語作為官方語言employoneselfin＝beemployedin

忙于;從事于eg：Shewasbusilyemployedinpreparingdinnerforfiveguests.★confirm v.確認，證實confirm+名（sth）eg：Heconfirmedtherumor.confirm（that）……/wh-確定某事物eg：Thepresidentconformed（that）hewouldvisitFrancethefollowingmonth.confirmedadj.已被確認、已被證實confirmationn.確定eg：Therumorlacksconfirmation.

★suggest（1） v.提醒、使想起suggest+sth+（tosd）eg：Theskyscraperssuggestgiantmatchboxes.eg：Whatdoestheword‘black’suggesttoyou？suggestitselfto……

（想法等）浮現(xiàn)在…….的心中.eg：Anideasuggesteditselftomethen.2）提議、見議suggest+doingsuggest+sth（n.）

eg：MayIsuggestgoingtherebytrain？

eg：Hesuggestedanotherdevelopmentprogramtothegovernment.suggestthat……./wh-建議……、表明….eg：Shesuggested（that）weshouldhavelunchatthenewrestaurant.3）委婉地說、暗示eg：Areyousuggesting（that）I’mnotsuitedforthejob？suggestionn.建議suggestiveadj.富于暗示（啟發(fā)）的suggestivecomment富于啟發(fā)評論★truth（1） n.真相

←→liefact

真相、事實truth

指與虛假、錯誤相對的事實fact

指實際存在的客觀事實eg：Myfathersaysthattruthwillcomeoutintheend.eg：Tellmethetruth.（2）真理thetruthsofscience科學的真理intruth的確，事實上thetruthisthat………＝thetruthis……老實說eg：Idon’twanttotellthetruth.true真實←→false

[f?:ls]a.錯誤的；假的，偽造的；虛偽的truthful（指人）誠實的、不說謊的；（指敘述）真實的、時在的間接引語Hesaidthat…Hetoldmethat…Heaskedthat…三．課文講解：★'Atthetimethemurderwascommitted,Iwastravellingonthe8o'clocktraintoLondon,'saidtheman.※atthetime＝atthemomentwhen…traintoLondon'Doyoualwayscatchsuchanearlytrain?'askedtheinspector.※catchanearlytrain趕這樣早的火車missanearlytraincatchtheearlytrainsuchanearlytrainsuch后面加名詞或名詞短語，而so加形容詞或副詞suchanearlytrain→soearlyatrain'OfcourseIdo,'answeredtheman.'Imustbeatworkat10o'clock.MyemployerwillconfirmthatIwasthereontime.'※ontime準時

；intime及時★'Wouldalatertraingetyoutoworkontime?'askedtheinspector.※getgetsbtodosth說服.......、使做……eg：I’llgethimtodothework.eg：You’llnevergethertoagree.letsbdo讓……做getsthdoing使……發(fā)動eg：Letmetrynow.I’llgetthecargoing.get+done被……eg：Igotcaughtforspeeding.※ontime準時＝onthebutton

＝onthedot準時地intime及時'Isupposeitwould,butInevercatchalatertrain.'※suppose認為

＝think＝expecteg：Willyoubelate？

eg：Idon’tthinkso.eg：Idon’tsupposeso.

eg：Idon’texpectso.★'Atwhattimedidyouarriveatthestation?‘'Attentoeight.Iboughtapaperandwaitedforthetrain.‘'Andyoudidn'tnoticeanythingunusual?'※'Andyoudidn'tnoticeanythingunusual?'這是由陳述句加問號的問句★'Ofcoursenot.''Isuggest,'saidtheinspector,'thatyouarenottellingthetruth.Isuggestthatyoudidnotcatchthe8o'clocktrain,butthatyoucaughtthe8.25whichwouldstillgetyoutoworkontime.※the8.25指8點25分的火車★Yousee,onthemorningofthemurder,the8o'clocktraindidnotrunatall.ItbrokedownatFerngreenstationandwastakenofftheline.'※breakdown拋錨eg：Manycarsbrokedownonthecause.betakenofftheline被取消（1）you

see在口語中經(jīng)常作為插入語出現(xiàn)，句首、句中或句尾均可以，表示“你知道”、“事實上”等

You

see,

He

was

not

really

interested

in

the

film,

you

see.

You

see,

My

leg

isn't

all

right

yet,

you

see,

so

I

can't

climb

the

hill

with

you.

（2）run可以指火車、公共汽車、船等“定時/定期行駛”、“（在兩地間）往來”：

Buses

run

every

ten

minutes

here.

This

ship

runs

between

Dover

and

Calais.

復習賓語從句重難點的有關知識

賓語從句分為三類：動詞的賓語從句，介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句。

難點一、作動詞賓語

例：He

told

us（that）he

felt

ill.

Do

you

know

whose

dictionary

it

is

【注意】：

1.ask

的用法：在賓語從句中是“問”的意思，所以后面的從句肯定是存在“是”或者“否”的意思，所以引導詞是if，whether或者wh-疑問詞以及how（how引導的短語）例：She

asked

me

if

/

whether

his

brother

would

come

back

the

next

day.

My

teacher

asked

us

who

cleaned

the

classroom.

2.

doubt（懷疑）的肯定句接if/

whether

引導的賓語從句，但否定句和疑問句接that引導的賓語從句。

例：

I

doubt

whether/if

he

will

succeed.

I

do

not

doubt

that

he

can

recite

the

poem.

Do

you

doubt

that

he

will

win

?難點二、作介詞的賓語

例：He

was

deeply

displeased

by

what

had

occurred

that

day.Your

success

will

largely

depend

upon

what

you

do

and

how

you

do

it.

He

goes

to

the

library

every

day

except

when

it

is

raining.

【注意】：that

引導的賓語從句只用在少數(shù)介詞后，如：except,

in,

but

等。此時，that

不能省略。

例：I

know

little

about

him

except

that

he

lives

downstairs.

He

differed

from

his

classmates

in

that

he

devoted

his

spare

time

to

reading.

難點三、作形容詞的賓語

例：I

am

not

sure

what

I

ought

to

do.

I'm

afraid

(that)

you

don't

understand

what

I

said.

I'm

surprised

(that)

I

didn't

see

all

that

before.

【注意】：

be

afraid

that

和be

sure

that

等句型是重點句型。難點四、用it作形式賓語的情況

1．和it

作形式主語一樣，我們常用it來作形式賓語，把真正的賓語從句放在句末，這種情況尤其出現(xiàn)在帶復合賓語的句子中。

例：We

thought

it

strange

that

Xiao

Wang

did

not

come

yesterday.

He

has

made

it

clear

that

he

will

not

give

in.

2．由于that

引導的賓語從句一般不可以直接作介詞的賓語，因此當介詞后面需要用that

從句作賓語時，必須使用it

作形式賓語。

例：You

may

depend

on

it

that

I

shall

always

support

you.

I'll

see

to

it

that

your

problem

will

be

dealt

with

immediately.

難點五、賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移

在think,

consider,

believe,

suppose,

expect,

fancy

等動詞后的賓語從句，如有否定意思，一般要把否定詞前移到主句的語上，從句的謂語用肯定的形式。例：I

don't

think

he

can

do

it

better

than

me.

I

don't

believe

they

have

finished

their

work

yet.

I

don't

suppose

he

cares,

does

he?【注意】：在下列情況下，賓語從句不否定轉(zhuǎn)移：

1．think等詞前有副詞和表示強調(diào)的do

例：I

really

expect

he

won’t

fail

the

examination.

I

do

think

that

he

is

not

fair.

2．think

等詞和其他詞構(gòu)成并列謂語：I

think

and

hope

that

he

won't

cheat

at

cards.

3．think

等詞作為插入語

例：His

decision

is

not

wise,

I

think.

難點六、if和when

的辨析：

演繹法：If

可以引導賓語從句和條件狀語從句，在賓從中，翻譯成“是否”，在狀語從句中，譯成“如果”

在賓語從句中，if放在動詞的后面，且一般放在句中；而在狀語從句中，他們一般放在句首或句中。

E.g.:

I

wonder

if

my

friend

will

come

to

school

tomorrow

.（賓語從句）

If

you

come

to

school

tomorrow,

I

will

tell

you

the

news.(狀語從句)When

也可以引導賓語從句和時間狀語從句。在賓從中，翻譯成“什么時候”，在狀語從句中，譯成“當…的時候”。位置與if引導的句子位置是一致的。

E.g.:

I

want

to

know

when

my

mother

will

come

back

home.

When

my

mother

came

back,

I

was

doing

my

homework.難點七、

if,

whether在賓語從句中的區(qū)別

1.

if和whether在作“是否”解時,引導賓語從句常放在動詞know,

ask,

care,

wonder,

find

out等之后,介詞后一般不用if

2.

少數(shù)動詞,如:leave,

put,

discuss,

doubt后的賓語從句常用whether.

3.

whether后可以加or

not,但是if不可以.

4.

在不定式前只能用whether.

如：I

can?t

decide

whether

to

stay.

5.

避免歧異時,我們常用whether而不用if.真実はいつも一つ！じゃね！