it的用法精講

it的用法精講

1It的用途很廣泛，可用作人稱代詞、指示代詞、先行詞及引導(dǎo)詞等，弄懂it及其構(gòu)成的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，對(duì)提高聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、看、寫能力大有裨益。

It的用途很廣泛，可用作人稱代詞、指示代詞、先行詞及引導(dǎo)詞等2是第三人稱單數(shù)中性，代表前文已提到過(guò)一件事物。1.Thatvaseisvaluable.It'smorethan200yearsold.2.Iloveswimming.Itkeepsmefit.一.人稱代詞it是第三人稱單數(shù)中性，代表前文已提到過(guò)一件事物。一.人稱代詞3當(dāng)說(shuō)話者不清楚或無(wú)必要知道說(shuō)話對(duì)象的性別時(shí)，也可用it來(lái)表示。

It'salovelybaby.Isitaboyoragirl?當(dāng)說(shuō)話者不清楚或無(wú)必要知道說(shuō)話對(duì)象的性別時(shí)，也可用it來(lái)表示4it可用來(lái)指代團(tuán)體

1.Thecommitteehasmetandithasrejectedtheproposal.it可用來(lái)指代團(tuán)體5it用以代替指示代詞this,that.1.---What'sthis?---It'sapen.2.---Whosebookisthat?---It'sMike's.it用以代替指示代詞this,that.61.Goandseewhoitis.2.---Whoismakingsuchanoise?---Itmustbethechildren.二.指示代詞it，常用以指人1.Goandseewhoitis.二.指示71.Itishalfpastthreenow.2.Itissixmilestothenearesthospitalfromhere.3.Itwasverycold;itsnowedandgrewdark.三.虛義it無(wú)指代性，常用作沒(méi)有具體意義的主語(yǔ)，出現(xiàn)于表示天氣、氣候、溫度、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離等意義的句子中。1.Itishalfpastthreenow.81.It'sawful—I'vegotsomuchworkIdon'tknowwheretostart.2.Howisitgoingwithyou?3.Takeiteasy.it也常用來(lái)表示一般的籠統(tǒng)的情況1.It'sawful—I'vegotsomuch9①Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that...“是該做某事的時(shí)候了”。該句型中that后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬。有時(shí)也用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should不能省。如：Itistimethatwehadbreakfast.It’s(about/high)timethatweshouldtakeaction.it表示時(shí)間時(shí)有幾個(gè)重要句型

①Itistime(abouttime,hig10該句型中的that從句用完成時(shí)態(tài)。如果主句動(dòng)詞be是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果主句動(dòng)詞be是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，后面從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中that可以省去。如：It’sthethirdtimethathehasfailedthedrivingtest.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeenpraised.②Itbethefirst(second...)timethat...“第幾次做某事了”。該句型中的that從句用完成時(shí)態(tài)。如果主句動(dòng)詞be是一般11主句中的be動(dòng)詞通常為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),since引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)以來(lái)已經(jīng)有三年了。Ithasbeenthreeyearssincehelivedhere.他不在這兒住有三年了。③Itbe+段時(shí)間+

since...“自從……以來(lái)”。主句中的be動(dòng)詞通常為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),sinc12該句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)沒(méi)有明確限制，點(diǎn)時(shí)間前不加介詞。如：Itwasalreadytwelveo’clockwhenhecamehere.④Itbe+點(diǎn)時(shí)間+

when...＂當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，是……＂該句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)13該句型主句中be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)常是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)．主句中的表語(yǔ)多是long,notlong,days,weeks等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語(yǔ)。如：Itwillbenotlongbeforewemeetagain.不久我們就會(huì)再見(jiàn)面的。

⑤Itbe+段時(shí)間+

before...“多久之后才……”、“不久……就……”。該句型主句中be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)常是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)．主141.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(NMET01)A.theyB.itC.oneD.which2.---Hewasnearlydrownedonce.---Whenwas___?---___wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.(NMET98)A.that;ItB.this:ThisC.this:ItD.that:This經(jīng)典試題1.TheParkersboughtanewho151.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(NMET01)A.theyB.itC.oneD.which2.---Hewasnearlydrownedonce.---Whenwas___?---___wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.(NMET98)A.that;ItB.this:ThisC.this:ItD.that:This經(jīng)典試題1.TheParkersboughtanewho163.Itisalmostfiveyears___wesaweachotherlasttime.(北京春05)A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when4.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears

_____it

ispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when5.---DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?---Yes,itwasnotyeteighto’clock___hearrivedhome.（福建05）A.beforeB.whenC.thatD.until3.Itisalmostfiveyears___173.Itisalmostfiveyears___wesaweachotherlasttime.(北京春05)A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when4.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears

_____it

ispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when13.---DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?---Yes,itwasnotyeteighto’clock___hearrivedhome.（福建05）A.beforeB.whenC.thatD.until3.Itisalmostfiveyears___18(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的肯定句式：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子其余部分。ItwasJane

whopaidforthemealyesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))

Itisinthehall

that

theyhavehadameeting.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))

四.先行詞it-強(qiáng)調(diào)句

(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的肯定句式：四.先行詞it-強(qiáng)調(diào)句

19

(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn)句：Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋句子其余部分？

Isittomorrowthatwewillhaveameeting?

(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句：

疑問(wèn)詞＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其余部分？

What

wasitthat

madehimsoangry?

20(4)若強(qiáng)調(diào)“not...until”結(jié)構(gòu)中由until所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用固定的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：

Itis/was＋notuntil...＋that...

ItwasnotuntilhetookoffhisdarkglassesthatI

realizedhewasafamousfilmstar.

直到他摘下墨鏡我才認(rèn)出他是著名的影星。

(4)若強(qiáng)調(diào)“not...until”結(jié)構(gòu)中由until21判定強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的方法：

將itis/was和that去掉后，剩余的部分仍然是一個(gè)完整的有意義的句子。判定強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的方法：22【典型例題】1.It’snotdoingthethingswelike,butlikingthethingswehavetodo ____makeslifehappy.A.that B.which

C.what D.who2.

WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschool_______Mr.Smithgotangry?A.whyB.who

C.whereD.that

【典型例題】23

1.（2014湖南高考）It’snotdoingthethingswelike,butlikingthethingswehavetodo____makeslifehappy.A.that B.which

C.what D.who【答案】A

考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是notdoingthethingswelike,butlikingthethingswehavetodo，指動(dòng)作（物），故用that，選A。

242.（2014四川高考）WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschool_______Mr.Smithgotangry?A.whyB.whoC.whereD.that【答案】D

強(qiáng)調(diào)句的判斷方法是將Itis/was與空格去掉，來(lái)驗(yàn)證此句是不是一個(gè)句子成分完整的句子。經(jīng)判斷“BecauseJackcamelateforschool,Mr.Smithgotangry.”句子成分完整，由此可以斷定本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，空格處應(yīng)用that。it的用法精講ppt課件25先行詞it-形式主語(yǔ)it常用來(lái)代替不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或名詞性從句，位于句首，而被替代的真正主語(yǔ)后置。常見(jiàn)的句型有下面幾種：①It's+名詞+不定式。例如：It'shisdutytohelptheoldwoman.先行詞it-形式主語(yǔ)it常用來(lái)代替不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或名詞26②Itis+形容詞(+of/forsb.)+todosth.當(dāng)該形容詞是necessary,important,difficult,hard,easy,impossible等表示事物的特點(diǎn)或特征時(shí),用for;當(dāng)該形容詞是kind,nice,good,bad,wise,clever,silly,foolish,careless,rude,brave,cruel,careful,grateful等表示人的特征或特點(diǎn)時(shí),用of。如：

ItisdifficultforustolearnEnglishwell.It’skindofyoutohelpme.②Itis+形容詞(+of/forsb.)+to27③It's+名詞+動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。這樣的名詞有worth,use,good,fun,awasteof,job,task等。如：

It’sfundoingthis.It'snousearguingwithhim.③It's+名詞+動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。28④It's+過(guò)去分詞+名詞性從句。常用于該句型的過(guò)去分詞有:said,told,reported,known,hoped,expected,believed等。通常譯為“據(jù)說(shuō)(報(bào)道……)”。如：It'ssaidthathehasgonetoLondonforfurtherstudy.It'sreportedthatthepresidentwillcometovisitourcity.④It's+過(guò)去分詞+名詞性從句。29另外，用于該句型的動(dòng)詞還有order,command,suggest,propose,advise,demand,require.request等表示“請(qǐng)求，建議，命令”等詞。此時(shí)that后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should+動(dòng)詞原形），should可以省。如：Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthattheprojectbecompletedbytheendofthisyear.另外，用于該句型的動(dòng)詞還有order,command,s30⑤It's+名詞/形容詞+名詞性從句。1）Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.2）Itisasurprisethatyougavesuchananswertothequestion.3）Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.4）Itiscertainthathewillcometomorrow.⑤It's+名詞/形容詞+名詞性從句。1）Itisa31⑥Ittakes/costssb.sometime/somemoneytodosth..

該句型常譯為“花費(fèi)某人時(shí)間或金錢做某事”。例如：Ittookmetwohourstofinishthetask.Itcostmetwentydollarstohireabike.⑥Ittakes/costssb.sometime32⑦It＋動(dòng)詞＋從句:這樣的動(dòng)詞有seem,happen,appear,look,matter,turnout,striketo,occurto(突然想起)等。例如：ItoccurredtomethatIshouldhaveatalkwithmyteacher.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorainthisafternoon.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryouagreeornot.⑦It＋動(dòng)詞＋從句:這樣的動(dòng)詞有seem,happe33⑧It’s(just)(un)likesb.todo…該句型譯為“（不）像某人做某事的風(fēng)格”。例如：Itwas(just)likehimtocheatintheexam…⑨Itisuptosb.todosth.

該句型譯為“該由某人負(fù)責(zé)干某事”。例如：

Itisuptoyoutolookafterthechildren.⑧It’s(just)(un)likesb.todo34典型例題1.Does________matterifhecan'tfinishthejobontime?(MET91)A.thisB.thatC.heD.it典型例題1.Does________matterif35典型例題1.Does________mat