2023年考博英語歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.TopicNowadayseducationinnovationisgoingoninlotsofuniversities.Inyouropinion,whatarethemostdesirablequalitiesofagoodcollegeteacher?Supportyourargumentwithspecificreasons.2.______theymustputasidetheirprejudices,______.wemustbepreparedtoaccepttheirgoodfaith.A.Justas...soB.Justas...asC.Somuch...asD.Sofar...as3.Canyouimagine!Heofferedme$5000tobreakmycontract.That's______.OfcourseIdidn'tagree.Iwouldtakelegalaction.A.fraudB.blackmailC.briberyD.compensation4.Ourcountrywasfoundedontheloftyprinciplesoffreedomandjusticeforall.Ourloftyprinciplesoughttobe______.A.faceduptoB.lookeduptoC.liveduptoD.madeupto5.Maineis______famousforitsbeautifullakesandlands.A.legallyB.formallyC.justlyD.genuinely6.受海嘯影響最輕的馬來西亞，在海嘯發(fā)生后，當(dāng)?shù)氐牡诙笾еa(chǎn)業(yè)——旅游業(yè)——大受影響。1月19日馬來西亞旅游部門的相關(guān)官員就表示，政府也在積極地采取對策，希望能盡快地恢復(fù)各國游客的信心。馬來西亞旅游局官員表示，海嘯中馬來西亞沒有外國游客死亡，旅游設(shè)施也完好，受影響的西岸一些酒店已經(jīng)正常營業(yè)。7.Inhis______tofurtherknowledgeoftheuniverse,manhasnowbeguntoexplorespace.A.attemptB.expeditionC.trialD.chase8.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingaboutinthepassage?A.Economicandculturedivide.B.Travellingtoothercountries.C.Inoculations.D.HowtokeephealthyinThirdWorldcountries.9.Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile,youmustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.Yourhumormustberelevanttotheaudienceandshouldhelptoshowthemthatyouareoneofthemorthatyouunderstandtheirsituationandareinsympathywiththeirpointofview.Depending'onwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupofmanagers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheirsecretaries:alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmaywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.

Hereisanexample,whichIheardatanurses'convention,ofastorywhichworkswellbecausetheaudienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors.

Ifyouarepartofthegroupwhichyouareaddressing,youwillbeinapositiontoknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommontoallofyouandit'llbeappropriateforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfoodorthechairmansnotoriousbadtasteinties.10.Likeanyother(constant)repeatedaction,speaking(hasto)belearned,butonceit(islearned),itbecomesagenerally(unconscious)andapparentlyautomaticprocess.A.constantB.hastoC.islearnedD.unconscious11.Althoughthespeakerwasawell-knownpersonality,hisspeechwaspoorly______.A.raisedB.deliveredC.lecturedD.preached12.1．現(xiàn)代人會遇到各種各樣的壓力

2．壓力的來源

3．如何減輕自己的壓力13.Hehaspointedoutthedangers______inthistypeofnuclearpowerstation.A.interiorB.inherentC.insideD.inner14.HehadeithertoleavethecountryimmediatelyortosurrenderhimselftotheNaziauthorities,andhadnoother______.A.alternativeB.hopeC.resourceD.approach15.Thecombinationof______andemotionalinteractionswithinfantsiscrucialtotheirlearningandemotionaldevelopment.A.intellectualB.integratedC.intelligentD.intelligible16.Thepoorcouple______everynightoverthedecisiontosendtheirsonstoschoolandkeepingtheironlydaughterathometohelpwithfaintingwork.A.agonizedB.descendedC.abatedD.evacuated17.Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanygivenculturewillconformestablishedstandardsofthatculture.18.Thisisanalarmingrealizationasnaturalresourcesandtheenvironmentarebeingdegradedand______atarecordpace.A.wastedB.reconstructedC.destructedD.reversed19.Butgiventerrifyingscenariosthatarenowalltoopossible,thosecostswilldeasmallpricetopayfortheextra______theywillbuy.A.securityB.sectorC.sectionD.sedation20.A50-ft.wavetravelsatspeeds______20m.p.h.,andanyonewho'stooslowattheapproachrisksbeingsmashed.A.inexcessofB.inthereachofC.inexchangeforD.inrelationto21.Hesaidthe______talksbetweenBritainandAmericahadbrokendownjustbeforeChristmas.A.bilateralB.binaryC.biannualD.bilingual22.Asan______partofChina,KongkongreturnedtotheembraceofitsmotherlandinJuly,1997.A.explicitB.orientedC.integralD.optimal23.UptonSinclair,anAmericanwriterofthe20thcentury,showedhis______geniusforrecreatingsocialhistoryinhisnovels.A.originalB.particularC.uniqueD.uncommon24.那個年輕人寧愿去廣州的大學(xué)攻讀信息工程，也不愿開一個自己的網(wǎng)站。25.Theseminar,______bytheNobelPrizewinner,probestheproblemofwildlifeextinctioninAfricancountries.A.convenedB.acquaintedC.incurredD.hauled26.Foryears,elephantswerehuntedforfoodandivory,andasaresulttheirsnumbershavebeengreatlyreduced.27.Differentculturesaremoreproneto______certainillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.A.contractB.conductC.confineD.conquer28.Accordingtoconsumerbehaviorists,mostpeopleexperiencethesamekindsofneedsandmotives______.29.Topic:CommentontheDevelopmentoftheInternet30.Formanyyears,Markhasbeensufferingfromthe______thatheisagreatman.A.elusionB.illusionC.allusionD.delusion31.WhenPh.D.candidates______theirimpendingprofessorships,theyconsiderhousingbenefitsofferedbytheprospectiveuniversities.A.anticipateB.assumeC.applyD.demand32.Thepolicehaveaskedforthe______ofthepublicintracingthewhereaboutsofthemissingchild.A.awardB.co-operationC.positionD.helpfulness33.Ifthedisputeisnotsettledina(n)______waysoon,thetwocountrieswillcertainlygotowar.A.amiableB.amicableC.inimicalD.unfriendly34.Lifeisneverjust______.A.livingB.beingC.existingD.going35.Theminuteslater,thepolicecameand______thecrowd.A.dismayedB.dispersedC.dismountedD.distressed36.(1)Theonrushofcheapcommunications,powerfulcomputersandtheInternetallexplainwhymanypeoplefeelthat,nowadays,changeishappeningevermorerapidlyastechnologicalprogressaccelerates.Moore'slaw,thatthepowerofmicrochipsdoublesevery18months,hasbeentestedandfoundcorrect.Thisiswhatgivespeoplethesenseofaworldshiftingbeneaththeirfeet.

(2)Yettheimplicationthatrapidchangeisanewphenomenonisagainmisleading.Ifyoumeasurethetimeittakesforatechnologytobecomewidelydiffused,today'sexperiencedoesnotseemunusual.Taketheear.Thebasicpatentforaninternal-combustionenginecapableofpoweringacarwasfiledin1877.Bythelate1920s--50yearslater--overhalfofallAmericanhouseholdsownedacar.

(3)Thecomparabledatesforthecomputerarehardertotiedown,butthefirstbigcomputer,basedonvacuumvalves,wasbuiltin1946.Thetransistor--thefirstsemiconductordevice--wasinventedatBellLaboratoriesin1948.Thefirstpatentforanintegratedcircuitwasfiledin1959.Now,in1999--Thepaceofintroductionhasbeensimilartothatofthecar.(4)Youhavetocheat,choosingonlythedateforthepersonalcomputer.Say(mid-1970s),ortheinternet(ditto)tomakeitseemmuchmorerapid.

Comparingitsdiffusionamongprivateusersis,youmightsay,unfairtothecomputer,forthatmachine's,mainuseisinbusinesses.Onthatmeasure,thebesthistoricalanalogyiswithelectrification,andthespreadoftheelectricdynamointofactories.(5)AccordingtoPaulDavid,ahistorianatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia,thefirstelectricity-generatingstationshadbeeninstalledinNewYorkandLondonin1881,butitwaswellintothe1920sbeforethedynamobecamewidelyusedandstartedtoraiseproductivity.Theadoptionofthecomputerinbusinesshasalsobeenslow,andfailedtohaveanymeasurableimpactonproductivityuntilveryrecently.37.Dueinlargeparttothecomplexityofitsstructure--overtwohundredbones______togetherbyligaments--thehumanskeletonisamarvelofarchitecturalconstruction.A.bingingB.boundC.boundedD.bind38.Thereverencefortheadversarialapproachspillsoverintoallareasoflife.Insteadofansweringtheircritics,politicianslearntosidestepnegativecommentsandturnthepointaroundtoanattackonaccusers.Defenselawyersarguethecasefortheirclientsevenwhentheysuspecttheymaybeguilty.Andordinarypeopleusethecametactics--justlis-tentoyourteenagernexttimeyoupullhimupforcominghomelate.Youcanbesureastreamofabusewillflowaboutyourowntime-keeping,yourirritatinghabits,yourhisto-ryofbadparenting.39.Despitetheirspartan,isolatedlifestyle,therearenostoriesofwomenbeingrapedorwantonviolenceagainstciviliansintheregion.A.intriguingB.exasperatingC.demonstrativeD.unprovoked40.Accordingtothespeaker,thebasisofBritishhabitsofpolitenessis______.A.alwaystoregardthepolitenessasaformwithoutmeaningB.toregardprivacyasthemostimportantaspectoftheirlifeC.torefuseothers'offersautomaticallywithgreatpolitenessD.thatoneshowsconsiderationforothersandothersacknowledgehiskindnessinaproperway41.Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepassesfromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifferencebetweenschoolloreandnurserylore.42.Theword"foolish"istoomildtodescribeyourbehavior,Iwouldprefertheword______.A.ideologicalB.idyllicC.idioticD.idiomatic43.充分發(fā)揮個體、私營等非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、擴(kuò)大就業(yè)和活躍市場等方面的重要作用。放寬國內(nèi)民間資本的市場準(zhǔn)入領(lǐng)域，在投融資、稅收、土地使用和對外貿(mào)易等44.BrazilianmusicisthoroughlyimbuedwithAfricanthemes,andillustriouscomposershavelongfoundinspirationintheblackmusicalheritage.A.imaginativeB.sensitiveC.distinguishedD.persistent45.Over-taxation,manyargue,impedesinitiative,sothatgovernmentincomemayactually______.A.mushroomB.capsizeC.shrinkD.dispel46.Thatsounddoesn't______inhislanguage,soit'sdifficultforhimtopronounceit.A.happenB.occurC.haveD.takeplace47.Smog-chokedSouthernCalifornia(demands)them.It'sacarforpeoplewhoneverwanttogoto(a)gasstationagain.Butthefactis,forallthetalk,selling(gas-less)machineshasbeena(hard-sell).A.demandsB.aC.gas-lessD.hard-sell48.GunmanarguesconvincinglythatthestabilityoftheBlackfamilyencouragedthetransmissionof--andsowascrucialinsustaining--theBlackheritageoffolkmusic,andreligiousexpressionfromonegenerationtoanother,aheritagethatslaveswerecontinuallyfashioningoutoftheirAfricanandAmericanexperience.49.Inhisusual______manner,hehadinsuredhimselfagainstthistypeofloss.A.indifferentB.pensiveC.cautiousD.caustic50.She______thewords,notknowingwhattosay,howtoputintoplainspeechherdecisiontofinishtheirlove.A.passedontoB.stumbledoverC.burstoutD.droppeddown第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：(略)2.參考答案：B3.參考答案：Cfraud欺騙，欺詐；blackmail勒索；bribery賄賂；compensation補(bǔ)償，賠償；本句意思是他提出給我五千美元來違約，這是種賄賂行為，我要提起法律訴訟。所以選C。4.參考答案：C[解析]C項的“l(fā)ivedupto符合(原則、誓言等)”符合題意。如：DidtheTVplayliveuptoyourexpectations?(這部電視劇有你期望的那樣好嗎?)其他三項“：facedupto勇敢地對付；lookedupto尊敬；madeupto接近”都不正確。5.參考答案：C6.參考答案：

InMalaysia,whichwasaffectedtheleastseverelybythetsunami,itssecondgreatestkingpinindustry

tourism--underwentaveryseriouseffectaftertheoutbreakofthetsunami.

OnJan.19,officialsconcernedfromMalaysiatouristdepartmentsexpressedthatthegovernmentwastakingsomeactivecountermeasuresinthehopeofregainingtheconfidenceoftouristsfromeverycountryassoonaspossible.

TheofficialsfromMalaysiaTouristBureauexpressedthatnoforeigntouristshaddiedinMalaysiaduringtheoutbreakofthetsunami.Touristfacilitiesremainedintact.Someaffectedwineshopsonthewestcoasthavealreadyrestoredtheirbusiness.7.參考答案：D[解析]本題空格處是說追求大學(xué)里的更多的知識。chase的意思是“追求，追趕”；attempt的意思是“努力，嘗試”；expedition的意思是“遠(yuǎn)征，探險”；trial的意思是“試驗”。四個選項中只有D項符合題意。所以，本題選D。8.參考答案：B在這段對話中，兩人談的是去其他國家旅行是要注意的事情。故選[B]。9.參考答案：

如果你想在交談中運用幽默逗人發(fā)笑，那你必須知道怎樣辨別和聽眾共同的經(jīng)歷和難題。你的幽默必須要與聽眾相關(guān)，并應(yīng)能夠向他們表明你是他們中的一員或者能夠表明你理解他們的處境并且認(rèn)同他們的觀點。根據(jù)聽眾不同，你所談的問題也應(yīng)有所不同。如果你和一群經(jīng)理交談，你可以談?wù)撍麄兊拿貢s亂無序的工作方法；反過來，如果你和秘書們交談，你也許會評論一下他們老板雜亂無章的作風(fēng)。

舉個例子來說，我曾在一次護(hù)士大會上聽到一個效果不錯的幽默故事，因為所有的聽眾對醫(yī)生的看法相同。

如果你是聽你說話的聽眾中的一員，你就會站在他們的角度了解對所有人來說都很普通的經(jīng)歷和難題，你可以評價一番難以下咽的食堂飯菜或主席對領(lǐng)帶的品味低下。10.參考答案：A應(yīng)改為constantly，因為修飾repeated，應(yīng)用副詞形式。11.參考答案：B[解析]各項的意思為：deliveraspeech發(fā)表演講；raised升起，出現(xiàn)；lectured演講；preached鼓吹。12.參考答案：

[參考范文]

PressuresonModernMen

Itisquiteapparentthatpeopleinmodernsocietyhavetoconfrontmoreandmorepressures,becausethepaceofcontemporarylifeismuchfasterthanever,andoldknowledgewiltsoonbesubstitutedbynewknowledge.

Differentpeoplefacedifferentpressures.Employeesareafraidofbeinglaidoffwhenthereisaneconomicdepression.Farmersfearthatfloodordroughtwillreducetheirharvest.

Asforstudents,theyhavepressuresfromsociety,schoolandparents.Aprimaryschoolstudentwhoisnotadmittedbyakeyhighschoolwilldisappointhisparentsverymuch.Inordertofindasatisfactoryjobaftergraduation,highschoolstudents'parentsexpectthemtogotouniversity.Thesamesituationoccurstouniversitystudents.Thefirstthingduringtheiruniversitylivesistogettheirdiplomas.Studentswithoutdiplomascanhardlyfindjobs.Sotheyhavetostudyhardandpassalltheexamsarrangedbytheirschoolsandthecountry.

Inmyopinion,itisundoubtedlytoughtoliveinthisworld.Iamabreadwinnerinmyfamily.Myjoblessparents,joblesswifeanddaughterarewaitingformetosupportsothatIhavetoworkhardandearnenoughmoney.ButIhavemanywaystolessenmypressures,suchasmakinggoodfriends,doingexercise.Withagoodstateofmind,IamnotafraidofanypressurewheneverImeetwithit.Instead,Ihaveturnedpressuresintoadrivingforcetomycareerdevelopment.13.參考答案：Binherent(in)固有的，與生俱來的(特征或性質(zhì))；interior(定語)內(nèi)部的，室內(nèi)的，如：aninteriorroom；inside在…里面，往…里面：insidethehouse；inner(定語)里面的，更靠里的，內(nèi)心的，如：innerfeelings。句意：他指出了這種類型的核電站的潛在危險。14.參考答案：Aalternative可供選擇的辦法，事物；hope希望，信心；resource資源，財力；智謀；approach接近，走進(jìn)的方法。15.參考答案：Aintellectual智力的；integrated整體和諧的；intelligent有理解力的；intelligible(尤指語言或文字)可了解的。句意：和嬰兒進(jìn)行情感與智力相結(jié)合的交流對他們的學(xué)習(xí)和情感的發(fā)展是至關(guān)重要的。16.參考答案：Aagonize感到極度痛苦；descend下降；abate減少，減弱；evacuate撤退。17.參考答案：C。介詞遺漏。conform后面一般接介詞to，意為“遵循”。18.參考答案：C[解析]四個選項的意思分別是：waste浪費；reconstruct重建；destruct破壞；reverse撤銷，廢除。句意是，人們吃驚地認(rèn)識到，自然資源正在以前所未有的速度在被消耗掉，環(huán)境也在日益惡化，處處受到破壞。所以正確答案是C選項。19.參考答案：A[解析]這是個詞義搭配題目，需要詞義辨析來排除干擾項。20.參考答案：A21.參考答案：A22.參考答案：C(integral構(gòu)成整體所必需的)。句意為：作為中國不可分割的一部分，香港于1997年7月回到祖國的懷抱。A．explicit明晰的，清楚的；B．oriented以……為導(dǎo)向的；D．optimal最適宜的，最理想的。23.參考答案：D(uncommon非凡的，杰出的)。句意為：美國二十世紀(jì)作家阿普頓·辛克萊在他的小說中顯示出再現(xiàn)社會歷史的非凡才能。A．original有獨創(chuàng)性的；B．particular特殊的；C．unique獨一無二的。24.參考答案：TheyoungmanwouldrathergotocollegesinGuangzhoufortheinformationengineeringthansetuphisownwebsite.25.參考答案：A(convene召集)。句意為：這位諾貝爾獎獲得者召集的專家討論會對非洲一些國家野生動植物滅絕的問題進(jìn)行了徹底的調(diào)查。B．a(chǎn)cquaint使認(rèn)識；C．incur招致；D．haul拖，拉。26.參考答案：C27.參考答案：A[解析]A項“contract感染”符合題意。其他三項“B項conduct引導(dǎo)，管理，傳導(dǎo)；C項confine限制，禁閉；D項conquer征服，戰(zhàn)勝”都不正確。本題的空格處是說感染某種疾病。因此A項為正確答案。28.參考答案：basically29.參考答案：略30.參考答案：D31.參考答案：A32.參考答案：B[解析]B選項co-operation(合作)符合題意，如：Yourcooperationmeansmuch/agreatdealtous．(你們的協(xié)作對我們幫助極大/有很大的意義。)A選項award(獎品)、C選項position(位置，陣地)、D選項helpfulness(有益，有朋)都不正確。本題空格處是說要求公眾的合作。因此B選項為正確答案。33.參考答案：B[解析]本題空格處是說不以和平方式解決。B項“amicable友善的，和平的”符合題意。其他三項“amiable可親的；inimical敵意的；unfriendly不友善的”都不正確。34.參考答案：Bbeing存在，生命，人；living生活，生計，生存空間；existing現(xiàn)有的；going離去，地面狀況。35.參考答案：Bdisperse使分散，驅(qū)散；dismay使驚恐，使驚愕；dismount使(掉)下馬，取下，卸下；distress使痛苦，使悲傷。36.參考答案：略37.參考答案：B句意：多半是由于其結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性(人體的200多根骨頭是有人帶連接起來的)，因此它是建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的一個奇跡。過去分詞短語用做后置修飾詞。38.參考答案：對敵對方法的敬畏影響到生活的各個層面。政治家不正面回應(yīng)批評，避開負(fù)面的評論，轉(zhuǎn)而攻擊發(fā)難者。39.參考答案：Dwanton恣意的；unprovoked無緣無故的；intriguing有迷惑力的；exasperating令人憤怒的；