后縱隔腫瘤及腫瘤樣病變影像學(xué)表現(xiàn)1精選課件后縱隔主要內(nèi)容食管胸主動(dòng)脈胸導(dǎo)管迷走神經(jīng)奇靜脈半奇靜脈交感干及其分支2精選課件后縱隔3精選課件縱隔常見腫瘤前縱隔：胸腺瘤、生殖細(xì)胞腫瘤（畸胎瘤、精原細(xì)胞瘤等）、胸骨后甲狀腺、異位甲狀旁腺瘤中縱隔：心包囊腫、支氣管囊腫、淋巴瘤后縱隔：神經(jīng)源性腫瘤4精選課件一、神經(jīng)源性腫瘤神經(jīng)源性腫瘤為后縱隔最常見的腫瘤，約占所有縱隔腫瘤的30％神經(jīng)源性腫瘤主要起源于肋間神經(jīng)近脊柱段或交感神經(jīng)鏈，少數(shù)起源于副交感神經(jīng)或膈神經(jīng)5精選課件根據(jù)神經(jīng)起源分為三類：1、周圍型神經(jīng)腫瘤：神經(jīng)鞘瘤、神經(jīng)纖維瘤、神經(jīng)纖維肉瘤，占50％2、交感神經(jīng)節(jié)腫瘤：神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞瘤、神經(jīng)節(jié)母細(xì)胞瘤、交感神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤，占40％3、副神經(jīng)節(jié)腫瘤：副神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞瘤（嗜鉻細(xì)胞瘤、化學(xué)感受器瘤）6精選課件良性：神經(jīng)鞘瘤、神經(jīng)纖維瘤、神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞瘤、副神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞瘤、嗜鉻細(xì)胞瘤惡性：神經(jīng)纖維肉瘤、神經(jīng)節(jié)母細(xì)胞瘤、交感神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤7精選課件神經(jīng)纖維瘤8精選課件神經(jīng)纖維瘤9精選課件神經(jīng)纖維肉瘤10精選課件神經(jīng)鞘瘤伴囊變11精選課件神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞瘤12精選課件13精選課件神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤14精選課件縱隔血管瘤十分少見，僅占縱隔腫瘤的0.5％，發(fā)生于后縱隔則更罕見。二、后縱隔血管瘤15精選課件16精選課件三、后縱隔畸胎瘤17精選課件四、后縱隔淋巴瘤18精選課件五、后縱隔脊索瘤19精選課件20精選課件又稱為巨淋巴結(jié)增生癥，是一種原因不明的罕見的淋巴組織異常增生性疾病。青壯年發(fā)病為多。最好發(fā)于胸部，表現(xiàn)為生長緩慢的孤立性淋巴結(jié)腫大。典型影像學(xué)表現(xiàn)為縱隔、肺門或腹腔孤立性腫塊，CT增強(qiáng)掃描強(qiáng)化均勻、明顯，可有液化、壞死。六、后縱隔Castleman’s病21精選課件后縱隔Castleman’s病22精選課件Castleman’s病23精選課件24精選課件25精選課件七、后縱隔髓外造血組織瘤樣增生26精選課件27精選課件