2022年河南省許昌市、濟(jì)源市、平頂山市聯(lián)考高考英語(yǔ)

第三次質(zhì)檢試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

Lakesthatarecalledseas

Peoplearealwaysfullofimaginationtothedeepandmysterioussea.However,thewaters

knownastheseaarenotalwaystheendlessseasWeremember,butmayalsobebeautifulor

magnificentlakes.

AralSea

TheAralSeaisaninlandlakethatliestothenorthOfUzbekistanandtothesouthof

KazakhstanAraloccupiedavastareaofabout68,000squarekmforalongperiodoftime,but

itsareahasbeenconstantlyreducingoverthepasttwocenturiesandtodayit'sbelievedtobe

lessthan10%ofitsoriginalsize.

DeadSea

TheDeadSeaislocatedbetweenIsraelandJordanintheJordanRiftValley.ltisactuallyasalt

lakeandoneoftheworld'smostsaltywaterbodies.Theelevation（海拔）oftheDeadSea,s

shoresisthelowestanditalsoenjoysthelittleofbeingtheworld'sdeepesthypersaline

lake.Thehighsalinity（含鹽量）oftheDeadSeameansitdoesnotsupportlife,hencethename.

SeaofGalilee

TheSeaofGalileeisafreshwaterlakewithusea"initsname.ltisthesecond-lowestlakeinthe

worldaftertheDeadSeawiththesurfaceelevationrangingfrom705feetto686feetbelowsea

level.TheJordanRiveristheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalilee.Underground

springsalsofeedwatertothelake.

ErhaiLake

ErhaiinYunnanProvince,China,at1,972metersabovesealevel,coveringanareaof250

squarekilometers,isoneofthesevenbiggestfreshwaterlakesinChina.ltmeans"seashaped

likeanear"inChinese.Erhaiisreputedas"PearofPlateau".

1.Whichofthefollowingisbecomingsmallerandsmaller?

A.AralSea.B.DeadSea.

C.SeaofGalilee.D.ErhaiLake

2.What,sspecialabout"Deadsea"?

A.Itisthedeepestlake.

B.Itisthemostsaltylake.

C.Ithasthelowestshores.

D.Itliesinadangerousvalley.

3.WhatisexactlythesametoSeaofGalileeandErhaiLake?

A.Size.B.Shape.C.Saltcontent.D.Elevation.

B

Asaprofessorofarchitectureaimingathelpinghisstudentsunderstand3Dgeometry（幾何）,

EmoRubikcreatedapuzzlethatwouldcapture（激發(fā)）theimaginationofgenerationsto

come-theRubik'scube.TheRubik,scubebecameoneofthemostpopulartoysinhistory,with

morethan350millionsoldtodate.

InthefirstthreeyearsthatthecubewaslicensedtoanAmericancompany,itsold100million

copiesaroundtheworld.Rubikneverimagineditwouldhavethatkindofappeal.uPeople

tendednottobuydifficultpuzzles,"heexplains.

ButtheRubik'scube,"madeitreallyfashionabletohaveapuzzlen.

Today,RubikcontinuestoworkasaprofessorandisaboardmemberoftheRubik's

company.Heisalsoastaunch（忠實(shí)的）advocateforSTEM

（science,technology,engineering,andmathematics）andartseducationandencourageshis

owncompanyandotherstotakethelead.

',IprefertocallitSTEAM（science,technology,engineering,art,andmathematics）',,because

Ithinkartisanimportantpartofeducation.Thekeyisstartingearly,fromelementary

school,andcontinuingonandon,πhesaid."Thissmallblueplanetanditsentireinterdependent

populationdependsonfuturegenerationslearningthesesubjects.!andmycompanyhavetried

tohelp.We,veintroducedthe,YouCANDotheRubik,sCube*coursetohundredsofschools

acrosstheUnitedStatesandareexpandingitelsewheretohelpstudentstoIeaminan

engaging,interactive,practicalway."

4.WhydidRubikinventedtheRubik,scube?

A.Toattractconsumers.B.Toassisthisteaching.

C.Tomakeanewpuzzle.D.Tochangeviewsonpuzzles.

5.WhatcanweIeamaboutRubik,scube?

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A.Itisarteducationactually.

B.Itisindeedaneasypuzzle.

C.Itwasthemostpopulartoy.

D.Itwasabighittotheworld.

6.WhatdoesthetextmainlyintroduceRubikas?

A.Anartist.B.Apuzzleplayer.

C.Aneducationist.D.Acompanyboss.

7.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?

A.RubikpopularizedSTEAMactively.

B.Rubiktriedtosellmoretoyproducts.

C.Rubikworkedhardonartseducation.

D.RubikpromotedRubik,scubecourse.

C

Back-to-backtyphoonsthatattackedreefs（礁）andturnedcoralsupsidedownhitin2014and

2015inAustraliasea,whichruinedthecoralecosystem.

Feeling"absolutelyshocked,'*StephenSimpson,abiologistattheUniversityofBristohdecided

tochannelhissorrowintoaction.In2017,hepiledupcoralremainstobuilddozensofnew

smallreefs.Heplacedspeakersnearbytoplayrecordingsmadewhenthereefswerehealthy.

"AsIwish,twiceasmanyyoungfishsettledonthereefsnearthesespeakers11,hesays.

Inanewpaper,BrittanyWilliams,agraduatestudentattheUniversityofAdelaidejeviewed

projectsthatusedsoundtohelprestoremarine（海洋的）ecosystems.',Wewantedtoprovethat

soundhasgreatpotential",shesays.Thatpotentialarisesfromthefactthatahealthyoceanis

noisy：fishwhistle,dolphinsscream,andspinylobstersplaytheirfeelerlikeviolins.Likethe

noiseofabigcity,thefamiliarsoundofahealthyhabitatattractsyoungcreaturesthatare

seekingapermanenthome.

Theexperimentsshowedthatsoundisoneofthesignalsbabyfishusetofindandsettleona

coralreefafterspendingtheirfirstweeksswimmingintheopenocean."Werealizedthatthe

fishmightbehearingtheirwayhome,,'saysWilliams.

Inexperimentsbegunduringherpostgraduatedegree,Williamsputoysters（牡蠣）intojarsand

playedsomeofthemarecordingfromawastelandwhereanoysterreefusedtobe.Other

oysterswereplayednothing,whileathirdgroupheardthesoundofarestoredreef.Theoysters

thatheardtherestoredreefwereabouttwiceaslikelyastheotherstosettleandattach

themselvesatthebottomofthejar.

8.WhatwouldSimpsonwanttoachievewhentakingactiononthereefs?

A.Playingrecordingsforfishes.

B.Makingtheseapeacefulagain.

C.Creatinglargerandnewerreefs.

D.Rebuildingthereefcommunity.

9.WhatisahealthymarineecosystemlikeinWilliams1Sopinion?

A.Seaanimalsheartheirwayhome.

B.Reefsarestrongandlargeenough.

C.Theoceanisnoisywithvarioussounds.

D.Seaanimalshavetheirpermanenthabitats.

10.Whatmaybevitalforensuringthefutureoftheoceanaccordingtotheresearch?

A.Sound.B.Reefs.C.Climate.D.Humans.

11.What,stheauthor'spu?poseinwritingthepassage?

A.Tourgepeopletoprotectsealiferightaway.

B.Toshowthemagicuseofseaanimals1sound.

C.Tointroduceawaytorestoremarineecosystem.

D.Toremovetheworriesofecosystemgettingworse.

D

Today,about10%oftheworld'spopulationareleft-handed.Archeologicalevidenceshowsthat

it,sbeenthatwayforaslongas500,000years,withabout10%ofhumanremainsshowingthe

associateddifferencesinarmlengthandbonedensity（密度）,andsomeancienttoolsand

artifactsshowingevidenceofleft-handuse.

Arecentmathematicalmodelsuggeststhattheactualrateofhandednessreflectsabalance

betweencompetitiveandcooperativepressuresonhumanevolution.

Thebenefitsofbeingleft-handedareclearestinactivitiesinvolvinganopponent,likecombat

（格4*）orcompetitivesports.Forexample,about50%oftophittersinbaseballhavebeenIeft-

handed.Why?Becauseleftiesareaminoritytobeginwith,bothright-handedandleft-handed

competitorswillspendmostoftheirtimeencounteringandpracticingagainstrighties.Sowhen

thetwofaceeachother,theleft-handerwillmoreprobablywinthisright-handedopponent.

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Theimbalanceinthepopulationresultsinanadvantageforleft-handedfightersorathletes,but

accordingtotheprinciplesofevolution,groupsthathavearelativeadvantagedisappears.!f

peoplewereonlyfightingandcompetingthroughouthumanevolution,naturalselectionwould

leadtomoreIeftiesbeingtheonesthatsurviveduntilthereweresomanyofthemthattheywere

nolongerrare.

Soinapurelycompetitiveworld,50%ofthepopulationwouldbeleft-handed.Buthuman

evolutionhasbeenshapedbycooperation?aswellasCompetitionJngolf,whereperformance

doesn'tdependontheopponent,only4%oftopplayersareleft-handed.Andmanyofthe

importantinstruments（器械）thathaveshapedsocietyweredesignedfortheright-handed

majority.Becauseleftiesareworseatusingthesetools,andsufferfromhigheraccident

rates,theywouldbelesssuccessfulinapurelycooperativeworld,eventuallydisappearingfrom

thepopulation.

12.Whatinfluencestheactualrateofhandednessaccordingtothetext?

A.Thetotalpopulationinthearea.

B.Theinstrumentsinhuman'slife.

C.Human'sarmlengthandbonedensity.

D.Competitiveandcooperativepressures.

13.Whydoleftiesbenefitmoreincompetitivesports?

A.Becausetheypractiseharder.

B.Becausetheyarebetterprepared.

C.Becausetheiropponentsarerighties.

D.Becausehalfoftheathletesarelefties.

14.Whatcanweinferaboutleftiesfromthetext?

A.Left-handuseisnatural.

B.Leftieswinmoreinsports.

C.Handednesschangeseasily.

D.Leftiesdon'tlikecooperation.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.AretheLeft-handedMorePopular?

B.HowtheLeft-handedBenefitMore?

C.WillLeftiesDisappearintheFuture?

D.WhyAreSomePeopleLeft-handed?

二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）

IsItSafetoEatSnow?

There,snothingquitelikeafreshblanketofpure,whitesnow.Greatfor

sledding,snowballs,fort-building-andmaybeevendessert?Beforeyoutakeabigbiteofthe

whitestuff,let'stalkaboutwhatcouldbeintheflakes(雪片).(1).Whenitgetscold,moisture

(水分)intheairfreezesintotiny,beautifulcrystalsthatdriftdownfromthesky.

(2).Forexample,ifsnowhasbeenremovedfromasidewalkorastreet,itmightcontainrock

saltwithcertainchemicals,whichhelpicemeltatlowtemperature.Unfortunately,those

chemicalscanalsomakeyousickifyoueatthem,soyoudefinitelydon'twanttoeatanysnow

that'sbeenshoveled(鏟掉).

Youshouldnevertakesmallbitesonanysnownearbirdfeedersoranimaltracks.(3),

squirrels,birds,neighborhooddogsforexample,itmaycarrysomethingnotsafetoyou.Brown

snowisOfflimitsforthesamereasonyouwouldn'twanttotasteamudpie.Andifthatsnow

looksyellow,well,let'sjustsayit'sunlikelytobelemon-flavored.

OK,sowhataboutfreshlyfallensnow?(4),Butactually,becausesnowcantakeinpollutants

onthewaydown,thefirsthourortwoofasnowfallactslikeabrushfortheair.Scientistshave

foundthatnewsnowcancontainstrangestuffincludingpesticides,ashesandevendirt.

Allofthesethingsarefoundatextremelylowlevels.Thatmeansit,stechnicallysafetoeat.But

it,salsogoodtoknowthatifyoujustwaitafewhoursandthenhaveamealonthesnowthat

pilesupmidwaythroughastorm,you'llhavethebestchanceofeatingnothingmorethan

pure,frozen,skywater.(5)!

A.Snowismostlywater

B.Let,stakeacloselook

C.Trynottohaveanytasteofthesnow

D.Butsnowcanalsocontainothersubstances

E.Becausesnowcanactlikeapathwayforanimals

F.Onebiteandyou,llbehopingspringnevercomes

G.Thatshouldbethesafest,yummiestfrozenwatertoeat

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

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17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

ERFG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)

ThescarsthatPatRribblecarriedthroughlifewereformednearly50yearsago,inflicted(欺

負(fù))byfellowstudentsinWoodland,who(21)himbecausehewasdifferent.

Patnever(22)orhadchildrenaftergraduating.Heneverhada(23),onlyaseriesofjobs.Now65,

Patappears(24)wiιhhislonggrayhairandbeard,whomyoumightcrossthestreetto(25).BuUto

talkwithhimreveals(展現(xiàn)出)a(26)side.Hespeaksquietly,measuringhiswordsto(27)his

weakness,forwhichothersonceseizeduponto(28)him.

In2021,whenCareyJim,PafsClassmateJearnedPat(29)toattendhishighsch∞lclass's

party(30)he,dbeenhurtinschool,he(31).,,Pathaditrougherthantherestofus."Days

later,CareyfoundPat,s(32)andcalled.Patanswered.,,Wetalkedaboutthe(33)things,andthe

goodthingstoo,,'Patsaid.',Carey,sloveand(34)caughtmeunexpectedly,πAfterthat,Carey

askedallhis(35)tocallPat.Andsotheydid.Theymadea(36)thattheywouldn'tlosetrackof

Pat,andtheyhave(37)itforovertenyears.Everyweek,oneormoreofthemcallPattoseehow

he,sdoing.

Therecoveryofthe(38)fromthepasthasallowedPattolooktothe(39).,'I,11beatthenextparty,

υhesays."Theseguys???"Hepauses,stifling(強(qiáng)忍)(40).,,Let,sjustsaythateveryoneneeds

peopleliketheseguysintheirlives.

21.A.amusedB.targetedC.inspiredD.criticised

22.A.resistedB.regrettedC.maπiedD.appeared

23.A.careerB.familyC.friendD.complaint

24.A.toughB.coolC.optimisticD.confident

25.A.hugB.avoidC.greetD.follow

26.A.selfishB.matureC.braveD.gentle

27.A.coverB.ignoreC.expressD.change

28.A.fightB.helpC.hurtD.protect

29.A.promisedB.expectedC.decidedD.refused

30.A.afterB.becauseC.thoughD.evenif

31.A.feltgreatB.becameannoyed

C.fellsilentD.lookeddisappointed

32.A.addressB.houseC.photoD.number

33.A.unimportantB.unbelievableC.unforgettableD.unpleasant

34.A.punishmentB.explanationC.kindnessD.questions

35.A.teachersB.familiesC.classmatesD.colleagues

36.A.planB.promiseC.requireD.comment

37.A.keptB.discussedC.rememberedD.promoted

38.A.lossB.weaknessC.illnessD.wounds

39.A.pastB.futureC.situationD.truth

40.A.tearsB.joyC.painD.anger

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.Twovegetarianmealseachday.Amonthlybudgetof200yuan.Workingjustoneortwo

monthsayear.InApril,anInternet(1)(use)postedthisbriefdescriptionofhis

simple,stress-freelife.Hedescribedhisphilosophy(2)Tangping.πIcanbelike

Diogenes,whosleptinhiswinecask(桶)inthesun,,'hewrote.

Thepostspread(3)(crazy).Onsocialmedia,peopleshowedtheirapprovalof

Tangpingbysharingpicturesofthemselves(and,often,theircats)(4)(lie)

inbed.Morethan60%ofover240,000respondentstoapoll(民意測(cè)評(píng))OnWeibo,said

Tangpingwastheirideaofthegoodlife.

Tangping(5)(describe)alongingtoescapethepressureofmodemlifein

China,whereyoungpeople(6)(expect)toworklonghours,buyproperty,get

maπ*iedandhavechildren.Manypeopleintheir20sand30sgrumble(抱怨)thathard

worknolongerrewardsthemwitha(7)(good)qualityoflife.Theyhaveadopted

anacademicterm,neijuanor"involution1',todescribehowextrainputnolongerproduces

moreoutput.

(8)academicfromTsinghuaUniversitythoughtofTangpingtobe"extremely

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irresponsible1'."Theonlyway(9)(ensure)ahappylifeisworkinghard,πsaid

acommentaryinonenewspaper,"thisattitudedisappointsone,sparents(10)

hundredsofmillionsoftaxpayersaswell".

五、短文改錯(cuò)(本大題共1小題，共I(H)分)

42.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中

共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(Λ),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在其下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

Lastyear,!wasfilledwithsadnessafterlosingmygrandpa.!awakeearlyonthenewyear's

morningbutyetcouldn'tgobacktosleep.ThenIgotupandsleepywenttothedrawer

whereIusedtostoremyboxedcard.Atapewasinthedrawer!!hadnoideathatwason

it.SoIputitontheplayerandsoonheardmygrandpa'svoicesay,"MydearKyIelYour

giftsarealreadypreparing."HiswordsonthetapeweresuchheartfeltthatIknewIcould

havesmileinmyheartthatmorning.

六、書(shū)面表達(dá)(本大題共1小題，共25.0分)

某英語(yǔ)雜志文明專欄向中學(xué)生征文，討論公共場(chǎng)所的殘疾人設(shè)施建設(shè)情況。請(qǐng)你以“Care

fortheDiSabIed"為題目，寫(xiě)一篇短文參加征文。內(nèi)容包括：

1.介紹你身邊的殘疾人設(shè)施建設(shè)情況；

2.分析原因并提出倡議。

注意：

L詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

CarefortheDisabled

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、C

【解析】（I）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AralSea部分的AraloCCUPiedaVaStareaOfabOUt68,

000squarekmforalongperiodoftime,butitsareahasbeenconstantlyreducingoverthepas

ttwocenturiesandtodayit'sbelievedtobelessthan10%ofitsoriginalsize.（咸海曾長(zhǎng)期占

據(jù)約68,000平方公里的廣闊區(qū)域,但在過(guò)去的兩個(gè)世紀(jì)里，它的面積一直在不斷縮小，

今天它的面積據(jù)信還不到原來(lái)的10%。）可知，咸海變得越來(lái)越小。故選A。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)DeadSea部分的TheeleVation（海拔）oftheDeadSea's

shoresisthelowestanditalsoenjoysthelittleofbeingtheworld'sdeepesthypersalinelake.

（死海海岸的海拔是最低的，它也是世界上最深的高鹽湖。）可知，死海的特別之處是

擁有最低的海岸。故選C。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)SeaofGaIilee部分的

TheSeaofGalileeisafreshwaterlakewith"sea"initsname.（力口利利海是一個(gè)淡水湖，名

字中有"海"字。）以及ErhaiLake部分的isoneofthesevenbiggestfreshwaterlakesinChina.

（是中國(guó)七大淡水湖之一。）可知，它們都是淡水湖，因此其共同點(diǎn)在含鹽量方面。結(jié)

合選項(xiàng)ASize.尺寸；BShape.形狀；CsaltCOntent.含鹽量；DElevation.海拔。故選C。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了世界上四個(gè)被稱作海洋的湖泊。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)填寫(xiě)出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】BxDxDxA

【解析】（1）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段

Asaprofessorofarchitectureaimingathelpinghisstudentsunderstand3Dgeometry（幾何）,

EmoRubikcreatedapuzzlethatwouldcapture（激發(fā)）

theimaginationofgenerationstocome-theRUb汰'scube.（作為想幫助學(xué)生理解3D幾何的

建筑學(xué)教授，厄恩?魯比克創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)能激發(fā)幾代人想象力的謎題一一魔方）可知，他

創(chuàng)造魔方是為了幫助學(xué)生理解3D幾何，也就是幫助自己的教學(xué)。故選B。

（2）D.推理判斷題,,根據(jù)第二段Inthefirstthreeyearsthatthecubewaslicensedtoan

Americancompany,itsold100millioncopiesaroundtheworld.（在這個(gè)魔方被授權(quán)給一家

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美國(guó)公司的頭三年里，它在全球售出了1億份）可推斷，魔方引起了世界極大的轟動(dòng)。

故選D。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Heisalsoastaunch（忠實(shí)的）advocateforSTEM

（science,technology,engineering,andmathematics）andartseducationandencourageshis

OWnComPanyandotherStotaketheIead.（他也是STEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）和

藝術(shù)教育的堅(jiān)定倡導(dǎo)者，并鼓勵(lì)他自己的公司和其他公司發(fā)揮帶頭作用）和最后一段”

andmycompanyhavetriedtohelp.（我和我的公司已經(jīng)盡力幫忙了）"可推斷，文章主要

介紹了魯比克作為公司老板的情況。故選D。

（4）A.段落大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段HeiSalSoaStaUnCh（忠實(shí)的）advocateforSTEM

（science,technology,engineering,andmathematics）andartseducationandencourageshis

owncompanyandotherstotakethelead.（他也是STEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）和

藝術(shù)教育的堅(jiān)定倡導(dǎo)者，并鼓勵(lì)他自己的公司和其他公司發(fā)揮帶頭作用）和最后一段I

andmycompanyhavetriedtohelp.We'veintroducedthe（YouCANDotheRubik'sCube'

coursetohundredsofschoolsacrosstheUnitedStatesandareexpandingitelsewheretohelp

studentstoIeaminanengaging,interactive,practicalway."（我和我的公司已經(jīng)盡力幫忙了。

我們已經(jīng)在美國(guó)各地的數(shù)百所學(xué)校推出了“你能做魔方”課程，并將其推廣到其他地方,

以幫助學(xué)生以一種吸引人的、互動(dòng)的、實(shí)用的方式學(xué)習(xí)?！埃┛芍詈髢啥沃饕榻B

了魯比克在積極地推廣STEAM0故選A0

本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了魔方的創(chuàng)始人一一厄爾諾?魯比克，魯比克認(rèn)為藝

術(shù)是教育的重要組成部分，建議學(xué)生能以吸引人的、互動(dòng)的、實(shí)用的方式學(xué)習(xí)。

I.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原

文基本一致的題目。2.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言

表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題

是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析，而不能斷章取義。

8~11.【答案】D、A、A、C

【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段句子BaCk-to-backIyPhoonSthatattaCkedreefS

（礁）

andIumedcoralsupsidedownhitin2014and2015inAustraliasea,whichruinedthecoralec

osystem.（襲擊珊瑚礁的背靠背臺(tái)風(fēng)（礁）2014年和2015年，澳大利亞海的珊瑚礁被

翻了個(gè)底朝天，破壞了珊瑚生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。）和第二段

Feeling"absolutelyshocked,"StephenSimpson,abiologistattheUniversityofBristoLdecide

dtochannelhissorrowintoaction.（布里斯托爾大學(xué)的生物學(xué)家斯蒂芬?辛普森感到"絕對(duì)

震驚”，決定將他的悲傷轉(zhuǎn)化為行動(dòng)。）可推斷他是想重新家里珊瑚礁生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。所以

D選項(xiàng)：Rebuildingthereefcommunity.（重建珊瑚礁社區(qū)。）是他采取行動(dòng)需要實(shí)現(xiàn)的

東西，故選D。

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段句子

Likethenoiseofabigcity,thefamiliarsoundofahealthyhabitatattractsyoungcreaturestha

tareseekingapermanenthome.（就像大城市的噪音一?樣，健康棲息地的熟悉聲音吸引著

尋找永久家園的年輕生物。）可知威廉姆斯認(rèn)為健康的海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是海洋動(dòng)物通過(guò)聲

音聽(tīng)到回家的路。故選A。

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段

Theexperimentsshowedthatsoundisoneofthesignalsbabyfishusetofindandsettleona

coralreefafterspendingtheirfirstweeksswimmingintheopenocean."Werealizedthatthe

fishmightbehearingtheirwayhome,"saysWilliams.（實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，聲音是幼魚(yú)在公海中游

泳最初幾周后發(fā)現(xiàn)并定居在珊瑚礁上的信號(hào)之一。威廉姆斯說(shuō)："我們意識(shí)到魚(yú)可能在

回家的路上聽(tīng)到了聲音?！埃┛芍磥?lái)對(duì)于海洋生態(tài)至關(guān)重要的應(yīng)該是聲音。A.Sound

聲音；BReefs珊瑚礁；CClimate氣候；D.Humans人類。故選A。

（4）C.寫(xiě)作目的題。本文通過(guò)StePhenSimPSon利用聲音對(duì)珊瑚礁生態(tài)的修復(fù)取得的成

效和威廉姆斯利用聲音對(duì)海洋生活的實(shí)驗(yàn)，可知作者寫(xiě)作的目的是想告訴我們利用海洋

的聲音可以恢復(fù)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的方法。A.Tourgepeopletoprotectsealiferightaway.敦促

人們立即保護(hù)海洋生物。B.Toshowthemagicuseofseaanimals'sound.展示海洋動(dòng)物聲

音的神奇用途。C.TointroduceawaytorestoremarineecoSyStem.引入一種恢復(fù)海洋生態(tài)

系統(tǒng)的方法。D.ToremovetheworriesofecosystemgettingWorSe.消除生態(tài)系統(tǒng)惡化的擔(dān)

憂。故選C。

本文通過(guò)StephenSimpson利用聲音對(duì)珊瑚礁生態(tài)的修復(fù)取得的成效和威廉姆斯利用聲

音對(duì)海洋生活的實(shí)驗(yàn)，告訴我們利用海洋的聲音可以恢復(fù)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的方法。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯

關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章

未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作

者觀點(diǎn)。

第12頁(yè)，共21頁(yè)

12~15.【答案】D、C、B、C

【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段

Arecentmathematicalmodelsuggeststhattheactualrateofhandednessreflectsabalancebet

weencompetitiveandcooperativepressuresonhumanevolution.（最近的一個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)模型表明，

實(shí)際的利手率反映了人類進(jìn)化中競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和合作壓力之間的平衡。）可知根據(jù)文章，影響實(shí)

際的利手率的是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和合作壓力。故選D。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段

Becauseleftiesareaminoritytobeginwith,bothright-handedandleft-handedcompetitorsw?

11spendmostoftheirtimeencounteringandpracticingagainstrighties.Sowhenthetwoface

eachother,theleft-handerwillmoreprobablywinthisright-handedopponent.（因?yàn)樽笃沧?/p>

一開(kāi)始只是少數(shù)，無(wú)論是右撇子還是左撇子的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手都會(huì)把大部分時(shí)間花在與右撇子

的對(duì)抗和練習(xí)上。所以當(dāng)兩人面對(duì)面時(shí)，左撇子更有可能贏得這個(gè)右撇子對(duì)手。）可知

左撇子在競(jìng)技體育中受益更多是因?yàn)樗麄兊膶?duì)手是右撇子。故選Co

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段

Becauseleftiesareaminoritytobeginwith,bothright-handedandleft-handedcompetitorswi

Ilspendmostoftheirtimeencounteringandpracticingagainstrighties.Sowhenthetwoface

eachother,theleft-handerwillmoreprobablywinthisright-handedopponent.（因?yàn)樽笃沧?/p>

一開(kāi)始只是少數(shù)，無(wú)論是右撇子還是左撇子的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手都會(huì)把大部分時(shí)間花在與右撇子

的對(duì)抗和練習(xí)上。所以當(dāng)兩人面對(duì)面時(shí)，左撇子更有可能贏得這個(gè)右撇子對(duì)手。）可知

左撇子在運(yùn)動(dòng)中贏得更多。故選B。

（4）C.推理判斷題。閱讀全文可知本文主要介紹了左撇子在一些運(yùn)動(dòng)中的優(yōu)勢(shì)，以及

說(shuō)明了由于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和合作壓力左撇子將會(huì)消失。所以C.WillLeftiesDisappearintheFuture?

（左撇子將來(lái)會(huì)消失嗎？）為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了左撇子在一些運(yùn)動(dòng)中的優(yōu)勢(shì)，以及說(shuō)明了由于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和合

作壓力左撇子將會(huì)消失。

做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

16~20.【答案】AxDsExGxF

［解析］⑴A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文Whenitgetscold,moisture（水分）intheairfreezes

intotiny,beautifulcrystalsthatdriftdownfromthesky.（當(dāng)天氣變冷時(shí)，空氣中的水分凍

結(jié)成微小美麗的晶體，從天空飄落下來(lái)。）提及水如何變成雪，由此可知，空處指出雪

的主要成分是水，A項(xiàng)：Snowismostlywater（雪主要是水。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。

（2）D.邏輯關(guān)系題。由后文Forexample,ifsnowhasbeenremovedfromasidewalkora

street,itmightcontainrocksaltwithcertainchemicals,whichhelpicemeltatlowtemperature.

（例如，如果人行道或街道上的雪被清除，其中可能含有某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的巖鹽，這有助

于冰在低溫下融化。）可知雪里面可能包其它物質(zhì)，說(shuō)明雪里面可能不單單是水，D項(xiàng)：

Butsnowcanalsocontainothersubstances（但雪也可能含有其他物質(zhì)）符合語(yǔ)境，是對(duì)

下文的總結(jié)。故選D。

（3）E.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文Youshouldnevertakesmallbitesonanysnownearbird

feedersoranimaltracks.（千萬(wàn)不要在靠近喂食器或動(dòng)物足跡的雪地上吃雪。）指出不要

在靠近喂食器或動(dòng)物足跡的雪地上吃雪，空處應(yīng)該是承接上文，對(duì)上文做出解釋，即為

什么不能在靠近喂食器或動(dòng)物足跡的雪地上吃雪，E選項(xiàng)：Becausesnowcanactlikea

pathwayforanimals（因?yàn)檠┛梢宰鳛閯?dòng)物的通道。）符合，且下文

squirrels,birds,neighborhooddogsforexample,itmaycarrysomethingnotsafetoyou.（例如

松鼠、鳥(niǎo)、鄰居家的狗，它們可能會(huì)攜帶對(duì)你不安全的東西。）中的

squirrels,birds,neighborhooddogs與E項(xiàng)的animals相對(duì)應(yīng)。故選Eo

（4）G.推理判斷題。由下文Butactually,becausesnowcantakeinpollutantsontheway

down,thefirsthourortwoofasnowfallactslikeabrushfortheair.（但實(shí)際上，因?yàn)榻笛┻^(guò)

程中會(huì)吸收污染物，所以降雪的頭一兩個(gè)小時(shí)就像是空氣的刷子。）和BUtaCtUany可

知，空出應(yīng)該和下文描述的內(nèi)容相反，下文描述剛下的雪是不安全的，由此可知，空處

應(yīng)該敘述剛下的雪應(yīng)該是安全的，G項(xiàng)：Thatshouldbethesafest,yummiestfrozenwaterto

eat（這應(yīng)該是最安全、最美味的冷凍水。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。

（5）F.推理判斷題。由前文Butit'salsogoodtoknowthatifyoujustwaitafewhoursand

thenhaveamealonthesnowthatpilesupmidwaythroughaStorm,you'∏havethebestchance

ofeatingnothingmorethanpure,frozen,skywater.（但是，如果你只是等幾個(gè)小時(shí)，然后

在暴風(fēng)雪中段堆積的積雪上吃頓飯，你就有最好的機(jī)會(huì)只吃純凈、冰凍的天空水。）可

知，當(dāng)你吃上最干凈的雪時(shí)，那是一種幸福的感覺(jué)，就不會(huì)希望春天到來(lái)。F項(xiàng)：Onebite

andyou,llbehopingspringnevercomes（只要咬一口，你就會(huì)希望春天永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)到來(lái)。）

符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了為什么人們不能直接吃雪的原因。

“七選五”這樣的題型，主要目的在于考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯

意義的理解和掌握。