非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞vs謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞反映時(shí)態(tài)不反映時(shí)態(tài)反映與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的先后關(guān)系目錄CONTENTS010204定義分類作用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞03形式01定義定義：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也叫非限定動(dòng)詞，指的是由動(dòng)詞變化而成，仍具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)與原意，但不能做動(dòng)詞的詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞一樣可以帶有賓語(yǔ)、副詞、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等。02分類分類不定式（todo）動(dòng)名詞（doing）分詞現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）過(guò)去分詞（done）運(yùn)用將來(lái)，目的，一次性Iwouldliketocometoyourparty.長(zhǎng)期，穩(wěn)定，習(xí)慣Smokingisbad.與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同步發(fā)生Isatthere,thinkingofher.完成Ifoundhergone.Ifoundmybikestolen.完成，被動(dòng)不及物及物55%

不定式表示一次性的具體的動(dòng)作eg:Myideaistoclimbthemountainfromthenorth.

動(dòng)名詞表經(jīng)常發(fā)生的日常的eg:Myfavoritesportisplayingfootball.

分詞說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)eg:Hisspeechisinspiring.Thepersonwasmovedbythestory.入門來(lái)體驗(yàn)一下吧、有些分詞常被認(rèn)作是形容詞。03形式55%非謂語(yǔ)十種形式非謂語(yǔ)一般式完成式進(jìn)行式不定式動(dòng)名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞havedonebedoingtodotodo+havedonetodo+bedoing被動(dòng)bedonetodo+bedone=tobedonetodo+havedone+bedone=tohavebeendonedoingdoing+havedone被動(dòng)bedonedoing+bedone=beingdonedoing+havedone+bedone=havingbeendonedone=tohavedone=havingdone=tobedoing否定用not04作用55%Tobecomeateacherismydream.Mydreamistobecomeateacher.Iwanttobecomeateacher.Sheasksmetohelpher.Heisthefirstonetocome.Tobecomeamillionaire,Idreamedalot.:不定式的句法功能表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)55%Travelingaroundtheworldismydream.Mydreamistravelingaroundtheworld.Ifancywalkingintherain.Thisisaswimmingpool.:動(dòng)名詞的句法功能表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)功能和用途55%Myjobisinteresting.IsawhimplayingbasketballwhenIwenttoschool.Doyouseetheboyswimminginthepool?Seeingfromthetopofthemountain,Ifindthecitymorebeautiful.Iamsoexcited.IheardasongsungbyJayChouyesterday.Themaninjuredintheaccidentismyidol.Seenfromthetopofthemountain,thecityismorebeautiful.:分詞的句法功能表語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)所處狀態(tài)55%A：重點(diǎn):不定式和動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作主語(yǔ)Itis/wasadj.forsb.todosth.ItiseasytolearnEnglishforyou.Itis/wasadj.ofsb.todosth.ItiswiseofyoutolearnEnglish.Itisa/ann.todosth.Itisapitytomisssuchanimportantlecture.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.Itusuallytakesmeanhourtogofromhometowork.Itisnouse/good/harmdoingsth.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk..Itisawasteoftimedoingsth.Itisawasteoftimearguingwithher.55%B:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)只有不定式和動(dòng)名詞置于動(dòng)詞或介詞后動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)（只能）

下列動(dòng)詞只能接動(dòng)名詞或名詞作賓語(yǔ)

abandon/enjoy/appreciate/giveup/mind/avoid非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做介詞賓語(yǔ)（某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中可以省介詞）

feellikedoingsomethingspendtime（in）doingsomethingbebusy（in）doingsomethinghavefun（in）doingsthcan’thelpdoingsth不定式作賓語(yǔ)（只能）

agree/offer/plan/aim/ask/manage/tendin,to,of55%B:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)

a:意義區(qū)別不大的詞.

like/love/hate/begin/prefer

b:意義區(qū)別大的詞

todosth

doingsthtodosth

doingsth

remember/forget記得/忘記做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生)記起/忘記做過(guò)某事(動(dòng)作已發(fā)生)

getdown著手做…開(kāi)始認(rèn)真對(duì)待某事能接不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞55%動(dòng)名詞和不定式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)一般也無(wú)嚴(yán)格區(qū)別但在表語(yǔ)是不定式的句子中，若主語(yǔ)也用非謂語(yǔ)形式，這時(shí)要用不定式；同樣表語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，則主語(yǔ)要用動(dòng)名詞。

eg:Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.C:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ)55%Ourproblemremains

tobesolved.Sheremainedstandingthoughwerepeatedlyaskedhertositdown.Thetrueauthorofthebookremainsunknown.C:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ)remain作講,后加tobedone作表語(yǔ);remain作講,后可加現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ);"有待”"保持”55%現(xiàn)在分詞一般表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作過(guò)去分詞表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或表被動(dòng)的意義eg:Aracinghorse=ahorsethatisracing

Afallenleaf=aleafthathasalreadyfallen

A

movingvanD:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)1、分詞作定語(yǔ)和所修飾的詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系eg:achangingroom=aroomforchanginga

movingvan2、動(dòng)名詞定語(yǔ)一般表示所修飾詞的用途它和所修飾詞之間沒(méi)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系一輛正在移動(dòng)的貨車搬家貨車55%D:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)

3、不定式作定語(yǔ)通常表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作且常后置eg:Thetopictobediscussedatthemeetingisstillunknown.55%D:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng),這是一個(gè)問(wèn)題Ihavealettertowrite.Ihavemuchhomeworktodo.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?*不定式todo作定語(yǔ),如果句子里有人,并且是todo的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者,用主動(dòng)形式即可。55%D:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)帶還是不帶介詞,這是一個(gè)問(wèn)題我們需要找一個(gè)房子住。我們需要找一個(gè)去住的房子。1.Weneedtofindahousetolive.2.Weneedtofindahousetolivein.Weliveinthehouse.55%D:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)帶還是不帶介詞,這是一個(gè)問(wèn)題我們找到了一個(gè)地方住。我們找到了一個(gè)去住的地方。Wefoundaplacetolivein.aplace=inthecaveliveinthecave*當(dāng)被修飾的名詞是time,place,reason,way等詞時(shí),可以不帶介詞?！局R(shí)鏈接】關(guān)系副詞where=in/atwhich,when=on/duringwhich.55%D:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)Shewasalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.Hewasthebestmantodothejob.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?被修飾名詞前有序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、thevery/only,any/no/all等限定詞或是不定代詞時(shí),只能用不定式。。55%D:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)Imadeaplantomemorizewordseveryday.Herdecisiontobreakupwithmeisheartbreaking.被修飾名詞為ability/decision/plan/promise/chance/opportunity/right/courage等抽象名詞時(shí),只能用不定式。55%E:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)分詞用作狀語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間原因條件讓步伴隨

不定式

作狀語(yǔ)常表示目的和結(jié)果一分詞用作狀語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間原因條件讓步伴隨eg:

Notunderstandingitsmeaning，heaskedtheteachertoexplaintheworld.(原因)Havingmadeadecision，theyimmediatelysetouttowork.(時(shí)間)WorkinghardonEnglish，youmustspeakverywell.(條件)Theboysatinthedarkroom，frightenedandtrembling.(伴隨)二不定式作狀語(yǔ)常表示目的和結(jié)果1)目的Hegotupearlynottomissthefirstbus.2)結(jié)果too...to...so...astosuch...astoenoughtoShe'stooyoungtodressherself.Willyoubesokindastoturnd