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ReadingTest

65MINUTES,52QUESTIONS

TurntoSection1ofyouranswersheettoanswerthequestionsinthissection.

DIRECTIONS

Eachpassageorpairofpassagesbelowisfollowedbyanumberofquestions.Afterreadingeachpassageorpair,choosethebestanswertoeachquestionbasedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassageorpassagesandinanyaccompanyinggraphics(suchasatableorgraph).

Questions1-10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ThispassageisadaptedfromBarbaraKingsolver,FlightBehavior.?2012byBarbaraKingsolver.

DellarobiaistakinghersonPrestontoseealargepopulationofmonarchbutterfliesthathassettledinaforestneartheirhouse.

Theynearedthefirforestandfoundtheairabovethepathalivewithbutterflies.

"Let'sgetoffandwalkfromhere,"shesaid,relievedtocutthenoisyengineandgoonfoot.She

5wantedtowatchhisupturnedface.Despitethewethairstucktohisforeheadandraindropsstipplinghiswire-framedglasses,Prestonwasinheaven."There-goes-King-Billy,there-goes-King-Billy!"hecried

againandagain,rollingthesentenceoutinthe

10rapid-firemannerheusedforyelling"Five-four-three-two-one-blastoff!"priortolaunchingflyingobjects.Soonthereweretoomanykingsforeachonetogethisownannouncement,butPreston'smouthstillmovedsilently.

15 Todaytherewerenotsomanyflyingaroundasbefore.Notariverofmotion,butstragglersadrift.Careeningdownthetrail,theylookedalittledrunkorcrazed,somehow.

"They'reprobablyhungrytoo,"Prestonsaid.

20"Whatdotheyeat?"

"Ihavenoidea,"sheconfessed.Hewasright,theywouldsurelyneedtoeat,afterhunkeringintherainfordayswithoutcease.Shewasembarrassedthatherfive-year-oldwasaskingquestionsthathad

25notoccurredtoher.Butsherefusedtobefirstinthelonglineofpeoplewhowouldshrughimoff."We'llhavetolookthatup."

"Lookitupwhere?""Googleit,Iguess."

30 "Okay,"hesaid.

Googlingabutterfly.Itsoundedcomical,liketicklingacatfish,butsheknewitwouldn'tsoundthatwaytoPreston.Hewouldclamberuptothe

computerandpunchthekeys,findingwhathe

35neededinthere.Havingchildrenwasnotlikepeoplesaid.Forgettrainingtheminyourfootsteps;the

minutetheyputdowntheteethingringandfoundtheInternet,youwereuselessasasourceof

anythingbutshoesandawintercoat.ButPreston

40stillaskedherquestions.Thattouchedher,thattheywereateam.Hereintheloomingforesthegrippedherhandtightly,asifcrossingastreet,asthey

approachedthetreeswherethebutterflieshungintheirdroves.Wingslitteredtheground."Lookup,

45shesaid,pointingatthebrownclustersdroopingfromthebranches.Thesetreeswerecompletelyfillednow.Eventhetreetrunksworebutterflypelts,allthewayup,likethebristlinghairylegsofgiants.Itwasawholebutterflyforest,magicallydraped

50withdark,pendulousclustersmasqueradingaswitchytressesordeadfoliage.Sheonlyknewwhattheyreallywerebecausehereyeshadlearnedthesecret.Preston'shadnot.Itallwaitedforhim,perfectlystillandactive.Shewatchedhisdark

55pupilsdartupandaround,puzzlingthisout,lookingwithoutyetseeing.Mine,ours,herheartbeatthumped,makingpromisesfromtheinside.

ThiswasbetterthanChristmas.Shecouldn'twaittogivehimhispresent:sight.

60 "Whatisit?"heasked.

"That'stheKingBilliestoo.Iknowitlooksweird,howthey'reallhangingdown.Butthewholethingisbutterflies."

"Gaaa!"hecried,breakingfreeofhergrip.He

65rantowardamonstrousbouquetthatreachednearlytothegroundfromabove,somethirtyfeetlong,

dwarfingatinyboy.Beforeshecouldwarnhimagainstit,hereacheduptostrokeitwithhishand,causingittowritheandawaken.Wings

70openedandjockeyedwithintheclump.Thelowestpieceofthebristlystringdroppedoff,landingwithaplopontheground.Inslowmotion,itexploded,individualbutterfliesflapping,lifting,dispersing.

Prestonlookedbackather,expectinga

75reprimand."It'sokay.Youcancheckthemout.Justbegentle,Iguess."

Shewalkedclosersoshecouldseethisashersonwasseeingit.Shehadn'texaminedtheclumpsatcloserange,andevennowitwashardto

80understandhowtheywereconstructed.Thebutterfliesdidn'tseemsmashedorstrucktothewingsofotherbutterflies,notlikeahundred-car

pileup,itwassosimple.Theyseemedtobeholdingonbytheirneedle-thinfrontlegstosomepartofthe

85treeitself,barkorbranchorneedle,outtotheverytips.Thetree'sbasicshapewasstillvisibleunderneath,thecolumnoftrunkandbroomlikesweepofthebranches,butallenlargedand

exaggeratedbythehangers-on.Onlyattheendsof

90thedanglingclusters90didbutterfliesseemtobe

clingingtothelegsofotherbutterflies.Theinsecureandthedesperate,shethought.Noworldcanbewithoutthem

1

ThenarratorpresentsPrestonasachildwhosepersonalityisdistinguishedby

curiosityabouttheworldaroundhim.

seriousnessthatrendershimoldbeyondhisyears.

placidacceptanceoftheunexpected.

inattentionwhenconfrontedbymultiplestimuli.

2

Itcanreasonablybeinferredfromlines12-14thatPrestonbeginstomouthwordssilentlybecausehe

hasbeencautionedbyhismothernottostartlethebutterflies.

worriesthatspeakingaloudwillrevealhisunfamiliaritywiththeforestenvironment.

realizesthebutterfliesaresonumerousthathecannotcallattentiontothemindividually.

wishestomimicthecharacteristicsilenceofthebutterfliesthemselves.

3

WhichchoicebestcharacterizesDellarobia'sexpectationsregardingPreston'sfuture?

Hewilldesiretoattaingoalsthatareoutofreach.

Hewillfaceindifferenceanddisregardfromothers.

Hewilldevelopenthusiasmfortrivialsubjects.

Hewillceasetocultivatehisintellectualabilities.

4

7

Itcanreasonablybeinferredfromthepassagethat

DellarobiaperceiveswhichunderlyingtensioninherrelationshipwithPreston?

Hisignoranceofnaturalphenomenaversusherfamiliaritywithsuchphenomena

Hisadventurousspiritversusherconcernthatadventureispotentiallydangerousforchildrenhisage

Hisaffectionforherversushisuneaseabouttheintensityofheraffectionforhim

Hisneedforguidancefromherversustheindependencesheconsiderscharacteristicofmodernchildhood

Itcanreasonablybeinferredfromthepassagethat

duringthevisittotheforest,Dellarobiafeelscompelledto

relaxherprotectivenesssothatPrestoncanexplorefreelyonhisown.

narrowherfieldofobservationinordertofocusonnature'sintricacies.

questiontheaccuracyofherearlierunderstandingofbutterflybehavior.

temperherexpectationsaboutPreston'sreactiontotheirsurroundings.

5

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?

Lines31-36(“Googling...said”)

Lines36-41("Forget...team")

Lines51-52(“Sheonly...secret")

Lines63-66(“Gaaa...boy")

6

Inlines48-50,thephrases"bristlinghairylegsofgiants,""magicallydraped,"and"masqueradingaswitchytresses"primarilyserveto

suggestthesetting'sotherworldyaspect.

mockthecharacters'flawedperceptionofreality.

injectasenseofwhimsyintoserioussubjectmatter.

reflectthechild'sactiveimagination.

8

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidenceforthe

answertothepreviousquestion?

Lines41-43("Here...droves")

Lines54-57("Shewatched...inside")

Lines66-68("Before...awaken")

Lines77-80("Shewalked...constructed")

9

Asusedinline83,"simple"mostnearlymeans

modest.

foolish.

straightforward.

innocent.

10

Thelastthreesentencesofthepassage(lines89-92)primarilyserveto

implythesolidityofthebutterflyclustersdespitetheirfragileappearance.

contrastthebutterflies'helplessnesswiththeboy'sconfidence.

suggestthatanobservationofnatureappliestoanaspectofthehumancondition.

comparethemother'sanxietytoaphenomenonthatoccursinnature.

Question11-21arebasedonthefollowingpassagesandsupplementarymaterial.

ThispassageisadaptedfromKuttner,Robert,"BrettonWoodsRevisited"?2013byTheAmericanProspect.

OnJuly22,1944,asalliedtroopswereracingacrossNormandytoliberateParis,representativesof44nationsmeetingattheMountWashington

resortinBrettonWoods,NewHampshire,

5 createdafinancialandmonetarysystemforthepostwarWoldWarIIera.Ithadtakenthreeweeksofexhaustingdiplomacy.Attheclosingbanquet,theassembleddelegatesroseandsang“ForHe’saJollyGoodFellow.”ThefellowinquestionwasJohn

10MaynardKeynes,leaderoftheBritishdelegationandintellectualinspirationoftheBrettonWoodsdesign.LordKeynes,theworldsmostcelebratedeconomist,wasplayingatrickydualrole.Hehad

proposedaradicalnewmonetarysystemtofreethe

15worldfromthedeflationarypressuresthathad

causedandprolongedtheGreatDepression.BrettonWoods,hehoped,wouldbetheinternationalanchorforthesuiteofdomesticmeasuresthatcametobeknownasKeynesian—theuseofpublicspendingto

20curedepressionandtheregulationoffinancialmarketstopreventdownturnscausedbyfailedprivatefinancialspeculation.

KeyneswasalsohopingtorestoreBritain’sprewarpositionasaleadingindustrialandfinancial

25power.Histworolesoverlapped,butfarfrom

perfectly.TheAmericanssharedtheBritishdesiretorestoreworldgrowth,butnottopreserveBritain

empireoritsprotectionistsystemofpreferentialtradedealsfornationsthatsettledtheiraccountsin

30poundssterling.Writingtoacolleagueafterthe

conferenceended,Keynesprofessedtobepleased.HewrotethatinthenewInternationalMonetaryFund,"wehaveintruthgotbothinsubstanceandinphrasingallthatwecouldreasonablyhopefor."The

35newWorldBank,Keynesdeclared,offered"grandpossibilities TheAmericansarevirtually

pledgingthemselvestoquitegiganticuntiedloansforreconstructionanddevelopment.”Yetinmanyrespects,BrettonWoodswasaroutforKeynesand

40theBritish.Americatodayisoftendescribedasthesolesurvivingsuperpower,butin1944U.S.

supremacywastowering.GermanyandJapanwereonthevergeofruin.Britainhadgonemassively

intodebttoprosecutethewar,sacrificing more

45thanaquarterofitsnationalwealth.TheRussianshadlosttensofmillionsofsoldiersandcivilians.Americawasunscathed,itscasualtiesweremodestbycomparison,itheldmostoftheworld'sfinancialreserves,anditsindustrialplantwasmightierthan

50ever.

ThoughKeynesinspiredBrettonWoods,theAmericanswontheday.Asleverage,Keyneshadonlyhisownbrillianceandafast-fadingappealtoAnglo-Americanwartimesolidarity.Inmostmatters,

55arivaldesignbyKeynessAmericancounterpart,HarryDexterWhite,prevailed.White,aleft-wingNewDealerservingasNo.2manattheTreasury,sharedKeynessbasicviewsonmoney.Butthe

Whiteplanprovidedafarmoremodestfundand

60bank.Insteadofthegenerousextensionofwartimelend-leaseaidthatKeyneswaspromoting,theBritishhadtosettleforanAmericanloan,tobe

repaidwithinterest.

TheBrettonWoodssystemwashailedasavast

65improvementoverboththerigidgoldstandardofpre-1914andthemonetaryanarchyoftheinterwarperiod.Foraquarter-century,BrettonWoodsundergirdedarareperiodofsteadygrowth,full

employment,andfinancialstability.Butinmany

70respects,thevauntedroleoftheWorldBank,theInternationalMonetaryFund,andtheBrettonWoodsrulesspecifyingfixedexchangerateswasa

convenientmirage.ThesystemstrueanchorwastheUnitedStates—theU.S.dollarasdefactoglobal

75currency;theU.S.economyastheresidual

consumermarketforothernationsexports;andU.S.recoveryaidintheformoftheMarshallPlan,whichdwarfedtheoutlaysoftheWorldBank.

Intheearly1970s,theBrettonWoodssystem

80camecrashingdownwhendomesticinflationforcedtheUnitedStatestodevalueitsowncurrencyand

ceaseplayingthehegemonicrole.Monetaryinstabilityandslowergrowthfollowed.Bythe

1980s,laissez-fairewasenjoyingrenewedprestige.

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ThepassagemoststronglysuggeststhatKeynesandWhitehaddifferingviewson

theusefulnessofeconomicregulationsinpostwardiplomaticrelations.

basicprinciplesrelatedtomoneyandglobalfinancialregulations.

theamountandtypeoffundingthatshouldbeallocatedtotheWorldBank.

therisksposedbyimplementingregulationsagreeduponatBrettonWoods.

14

11

Themainpurposeofthepassageisto

analyzeaneconomicpolicysroleincausingaglobalfinancialcrisis.

summarizeseveraltypesofpostwardiplomacyandtheirresults.

evaluateanindividual’scontributiontothesuccessofaneconomicpolicy.

provideanaccountofthedevelopmentofaneconomicsystemanditsimpact.

12

ThequotationsfromKeynesinlines32-38("wehave…development”）mainlyserveto

illustrateKeynessexpressionofsatisfactionwiththeoutcomeofBrettonWoods.

articulatetheagendaformonetaryreformthatKeynespresentedatBrettonWoods.

supporttheauthorsclaimthatthenewWorldBankwascrucialforpostwarreconstruction.

arguethatKeyneswasmoredisappointedbyBrettonWoodssystemthanheadmitted.

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidenceforthe

answertothepreviousquestion?

Lines52-54(“Asleverage...solidarity."）

Lines56-58(“White,aleft-wing...money”)

Lines58-63(“ButtheWhite...interest”）

Lines69-73(“Butin…mirage”）

15

Themainideaofseventhparagraph(line64-78)isthat

incontrasttothatchaoscreatedunderthegoldstandard,theBrettonWoodssystemwasasuccess.

theperceivedsuccessoftheBrettonWoodssystemwaslargelyduetoseveralUSeconomyinfluences.

theBrettonWoodssystemsucceededintheUSeconomybuthadlittleimpactelsewhere

undertheMarshallPlan,theUnitedStatesprovidedpostwarrecoveryaidtonumerouscountries.

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16

19

Asusedinline72,"fixed"mostnearlymeans

stabilized.

repaired.

fastened.

corrupted.

Theyearsidentifiedinthetableasonesduring

whichtheaveragemeanUSinflationratewasnear

-2percentarereferredtointhepassageasyearsof

laissez-faire.

arareperiodofsteadygrowth.

monetaryanarchy.

theWhiteplan.

17

Theauthorusesthephrase"convenientmirage"inlinemainlyto

provideanexampleofthewayscountriesbenefitedfromtheconvenienceoftheWorldBank.

indicatethattheultimatesuccessofBrettonWoodsdependedontheadoptionofaKeynesiansystem.

illustratethetypeofmisleadingtacticsBritainandtheUnitedStatesusedduringdiplomaticnegotiations.

emphasizethattheachievementsoftheBrettonWoodssystemweren'tassubstantialastheyseemed.

20

Basedonthepassageandtable,whatwasmostlikelyoccurringduringtheyearsbetweenthe

BrettonWoodsandthefloatingexchangesystems?

InflationratesintheUnitedStatesandBritainwerereturningtotheratesoftheinterwarperiod.

TheUSinflationratewasincreasingtothepointthattheUSdollarhadtobedevalued.

TheWorldBankwaslosingthesupportofKeynesianeconomists.

Britain'sinflationratewassurpassingthatoftheUnitedStates.

21

18

Accordingtothetable,thegreatestdisparity

betweenthemeanannualrateofinflationinBritainandthatintheUnitedStatesoccurredunderwhichmonetarysystem?

Goldstandard

Interwarperiod

BrettonWoods

Floatingexchange

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidenceforthe

answertothepreviousquestion?

Lines1-6(“OnJuly...era”）

Lines64-67(“TheBretton...interwarperiod”)

Lines79-82(“Intheearly...role”）

Lines83-84(“Bythe...prestige”)

Question22-32arebasedonthefollowingpassagesandsupplementarymaterial.

ThispassageisadaptedfromSidPerkins,"GoldinTreesMayHintatBuriedTreasure."?2013by

AmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.

Moneymaynotgrowontrees,butgolddoes—oratleastitaccumulatesinsideofthem.

Scientistshavefoundthattreesgrowingoverdeeplyburieddepositsofgoldoresportleaveswith

5higher-than-normalconcentrationsoftheglitteringelement.Thefindingprovidesaninexpensive,

excavation-freewaytonarrowthesearchfororedeposits.

Scientistshavelonghadcluesthattreesand

10othervegetationpulledgoldfromthesoilandtransportedittotheirleaves,buttheevidence

wasn’tclear.Thegoldparticlescouldhavestucktotheleavesafterbeingblownthereasdust,for

example.Tobolsterthecasethatthegoldcame

15fromsoilbeneaththetrees,researchersconductedaseriesoffieldstudiesandlabtests.AtonesiteinWesternAustralia,thescientistsgatheredleaves,twigs,andbarkfromeucalyptustreesgrowing

aboveaknowngolddeposit.Thedepositisabout

20thesizeofafootballfieldandlies30metersormorebelowground,butattodaysgoldpricesitstoosmallandsparsetobeworthexcavating.Theteamgatheredthesamepartsfromtreesgrowing200

metersawayfromtheore.Althoughbackground

25concentrationsofgoldinvegetationaretypically

lessthan2partsperbillion(ppb),driedleavesfromthetreesgrowingabovetheoredeposit—butnotthose200metersaway—hadgoldlevelsupto80ppb,saysteammemberMelLintern,ageochemist

30inKensington,Australia.

Likewise,fieldtestsbyLinternsgroupatasiteinsouthernAustraliashowedthateucalyptustreesgrowingaboveadepositlying35metersundergroundhad20timesmoregoldinthegummy

35substancescoatingtheirleavesthandidtreesthatgrew800metersaway.Previousstudieshadnotedanomalousconcentrationsofgoldinthe

leaf-coatingsubstances,Linternsays,but

researcherscouldn’tdiscountthepossibilitythatthe

40tinyparticlesofthemetalhadstucktotheleavesafterbeingcarriedtherebywinds.

That'swheretheteamsnewstudygleams.By

growingseedlingsingreenhousesinsulatedfromairbornedustandwateringthemwithgold-laced

45solutions,theresearchersdemonstratedthattreesactuallypickupthemetalfromsoilanddeposititwithintheirleaves.

Thenewresearchprovides"aconclusivesetofevidence..fromaverynicelyconstructedsetof

50experiments,

"saysCliffordStanley,ageochemistatAcadiaUniversityinWolfville,Canada."Thetreeisaconveyorbeltbringinggoldtothesurface,"henotes.Likeother

55suchelementsintheearth,goldgetssuckedupbytheplantasitabsorbsnutrientsinthesoil.Then,asadissolvedmineral,itgetstransportedthroughoutthetree,althoughthehighestconcentrationsare

typicallyfoundinleaves."Whenyouseethe

60particlesofgoldinsidetheplants,"Stanleysays,“alldoubtgoesaway.”

Dontthinkaboutminingtrees,however.

Averageconcentrationsofgoldintheleavesaremuchhigherthannormal,butindividualparticlesof

65themetalarestillverysmall,few,andfarbetween.Eventhelargestparticles—whichLinternandhisteamhavejokinglydubbed“phytonuggets”—werenomorethan8micrometersacross,abouthalfthediameterofthefinesthumanhair.Thetreesdon’t

70haveabiologicalneedfortheelement,Linternsays;indeed,itmaybetoxictothem."Tothetrees,goldmaybejustanotherheavymetaltobegotridof."

Thoughthephytonuggetsaretoosmalltobe

collectedandmined,theycanserveasasignthat

75golddepositsmayliewithinthereachofatreesroots.

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TheauthorwouldmostlikelyagreethattheresearchconductedbyLintern'sgroupmaybenefittheminingindustryby

makingpreviouslyinaccessiblegolddepositsavailableformining.

renderingsmallparticlesofgoldaviableoresourceforminingoperations.

simplifyingtheprocessusedtolocategolddepositssuitableforcommercialmining.

22

reducingthenumberoftestsneededtodeterminetheconcentrationofgoldinfieldsamples.

Asusedinline4,“sport”mostnearlymeans

amuse

engage

display

mock

24

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?

Lines2-5(“Scientists...element”）

Lines5-7(“Thefinding...deposits”）

Lines12-15(“Tobolster...tests”）

Lines18-22(“Thedeposit...excavating”)

25

Inline42,theauthorusestheword“gleams”to

pointoutanunexpectedlyhumorousaspectoftheexperimentcarriedoutbyLintern'steam.

drawananalogybetweenLintern'steams

researchandresearchdoneinanotherfieldofstudy.

characterizetheproblemthatLintern'steamsexperimentwasintendedtoaddress.

emphasizethemostcompellingaspectoftheresearchconductedbyLintern'steam.

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26

28

Inthesixthparagraph(line48-59),theauthorincludesquotationsfromStanleyprimarilyto

provideexpertcorroborationoftheconclusionsreachedbyLintern'sgroup.

castdoubtonatheoryproposedbyLintern'sgroup.

accountforfactsthatLintern'sgroupcouldnotexplain.

concedethelegitimacyofotherscientists’criticismsofLintern'sgroupsfindings.

27

Thepassagebestsupportswhichclaimabouteucalyptustrees?

Theyareoftendamagedbyabsorbingexcessiveamountsofheavymetalssuchasgoldfromthesoil.

Theyabsorbelementssuchasgoldfromthesoilregardlessofwhetherthoseelementsarebeneficial.

Theytypicallythriveinareaswheregoldis

availableinthesoilalongwithvariousnutrients.

Theyareunusualinbeingabletodissolvegoldandtransportitthroughoutthetree.

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidenceforthe

answertothepreviousquestion?

Lines55-57("Then leaves"

Lines57-59("When away")

Lines61-63("Average between")

Lines67-70("Thetrees ridof")

29

Thesentenceinline60("Don't however")serves

mainlyto

implythatacourseofactionrecommendedbyLintern'sgroupmayhaveseriousenvironmentalconsequences.

adviseagainstcertainactionsthatmightbetakenasaresultofthefindingsofLintern'sgroup.

concedethattheresearchconductedbyLintern's

groupwilllikelybemisunderstoodby

nonspecialists.notethattheconclusionsreachedbyLintern's

groupareoflimitedrelevancetoothersubjectsofscientificinquiry.

30

Accordingtothegraph,thegoldconcentrationsinleafsamplesfrompositionsthatwerenot

immediatelyabovethegolddepositwerebetween

and20partsperbillion.

30and50partsperbillion.

60and70partsperbillion.

80and90partsperbillion.

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Thedatainthegraphmoststronglysuggestthatitispossibleforaeucalyptustreegrowingaboveagolddepositto

ceaseabsorbinggoldfromthesoilwhentheconcentrationinsidethetreehasreachedaharmfullevel.

haveahigherconcentrationofgoldinitsleavesthanisfoundnithesurroundingsoil.

decreasetheconcentrationofgoldinitsleavesbyreturninggoldtothesurroundingsoil.

adjusttherateatwhichgoldisdistributedtoitsleavesovertime.

Accordingtothegraph,theaverageconcentrationofgoldintwigsbetween200and400metersfromthereferencepositionisclosesttotheaverage

concentrationofgoldin

leavesbetween500and700metersfromthereferenceposition.

soilbetween200and400metersfromthereferenceposition.

twigsbetween500and700metersfromthereferenceposition.

twigsbetween800and1,000metersfromthereferenceposition.

Questions33-42arebasedonthefollowingpassages.

31

Passage1isadaptedfromFrederickDouglass,"OrationinMemoryofAbrahamLincoln,”deliveredin1876attheunveilingoftheFreedmen’sMonument,LincolnPark,WashingtonDC.Passage2isadaptedfromBookerT.Washington,"AnAbrahamLincolnMemorialAddressinPhiladelphia.",deliveredin1899.

Passage1

Truthisproperandbeautifulatalltimesandinallplaces,anditisnevermoreproperandbeautifulinanycasethanwhenspeakingofagreatpublicmanwhose

80exampleislikelytobecommendedforhonorand

imitationlongafterhisdeparturetothesolemnshades,thesilentcontinentsofeternity.Itmustbeadmitted,truth

compelsmetoadmit,evenhereinthepresenceofthemonumentwehaveerectedtohismemory,Abraham

85Lincolnwasnot,inthefullestsenseoftheword,eitherourmanorourmodel.Inhisinterests,inhisassociations,inhishabitsofthought,andinhisprejudices,hewasa

32

whiteman.He waspreeminentlythewhiteman’sPresident,entirelydevotedtothewelfareofwhite

90men.

Hewasreadyandwillingatanytimeduringthefirstyearsofhisadministrationtodeny,postpone,andsacrificetherightsofhumanityinthecoloredpeopletopromote

thewelfareofthewhitepeopleofthiscountry.Inallhis

95educationandfeelinghewasanAmericanofthe

Americans.HecameintothePresidentialchairupononeprinciplealone,namely,oppositiontotheextensionof

slavery.Hisargumentsinfurtheranceofthispolicyhad

theirmotiveandmainspringinhispatrioticdevotiontothe

100interestsofhisownrace.Toprotect,defend,and

perpetuateslaveryinthestateswhereitexistedAbrahamLincolnwasnotlessreadythananyotherPresidenttodrawtheswordofthenation.Hewasreadytoexecuteall

thesupposedconstitutionalguaranteesoftheUnitedStates

105Constitutioninfavoroftheslavesystemanywhereinsidetheslavestates...Knowingthis,Iconcedetoyou,mywhitefellow-citizens,apre-eminenceinthisworshipatoncefullandsupreme.First,midst,andlast,youandyoursweretheobjectsofhisdeepestaffectionandhis

110mostearnestsolicitude.YouarethechildrenofAbraham

Lincoln.Weareatbestonlyhisstep-children;childrenbyadoption,childrenbyforcesofcircumstancesand

necessity.Toyouitespeciallybelongstosoundhispraises,topreserveandperpetuatehismemory,tomultiplyhis

115statues,toAbrahamLincoln.Weareatbestonlyhis

step-children;childrenbyadoption,childrenbyforcesofcircumstancesandnecessity.Toyouitespeciallybelongs

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tosoundhispraises,topreserveandperpetuatehismemory,tomultiplyhisstatues,tohanghispictureshigh

120uponyourwalls,andcommendhisexample…Butwhile

intheabundanceofyourwealth,andinthefullnessofyourjustandpatrioticdevotion,youdoallthis,we

entreatyoutodespisenotthehumbleofferingwethisdayunveiltoview;forwhileAbrahamLincolnsavedforyou

125acountry,hedeliveredusfromabondage,accordingto

Jefferson,onehourofwhichwasworsethanagesoftheoppressionyourfathersroseinrebelliontooppose.

Passage2

YouaskonewhomtheGreatEmancipatorfou