專題09語法填空精練精析【答題技巧】技巧一：名詞形式變化名詞的形式變化主要有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)、所有格的變化。例：Therearemanystudentslivingatschool，the(child)housesareallfarfromschool．由students一詞可以判斷出橫線處應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)，且作為houses的定語，所以應(yīng)用其所有格形式，故答案為child的復(fù)合變化形式——復(fù)數(shù)的所有格children’s。技巧二：動詞形式變化動詞的形式變化比較多，有謂語的變化(時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣)，有非謂語的變化(不定式、動名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞)。例：Atalk(give)tomorrowiswrittenbyProfessorZhang.句中的iswritten是整句的謂語，所以橫線所在的動詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用作非謂語。從tomorrow可以看出，報(bào)告是“將來”作的，故用不定式；且報(bào)告是give動作的承受者，故可以判斷出橫線所在處用give的不定式被動式——tobegiven。技巧三：代詞形式變化代詞形式變化通常是與人稱變化有關(guān)的三大類類，即人稱代詞(主格和賓格)、物主代詞(形容詞性和名詞性)、反身代詞。另外還有幾個(gè)不定代詞的形式變化，如noone／none、other／another等。例：Thekingdecidedtoseethepainterby(he).由介詞by可以看出，橫線處應(yīng)填反身代詞himself。技巧四：形容詞、副詞比較級變化英語中大部分形容詞和表方式的副詞都有原級、比較級和最高級的變化。構(gòu)成比較級和最高級的方式，或通過加后綴一er和．est，或在詞前Imore／less和most／least，且形容詞的最高級還要冠以the。例：Iam(tall)thanLiuWen．Heisthetalleststudentsinmyclass．此題后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的學(xué)生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“l(fā)esstall”。技巧五：數(shù)詞形式變化數(shù)詞的形式變化包括基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞，或加后綴一teen、ty的變化，甚至還有作分母用的序數(shù)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，以及one／two的特殊變化形式once／twice例：TomythreesonsIleavemyseventeenhorses．Myeldestsonshalltakeahalf，mysecondsonshalltakea(three).從上下文連續(xù)起來理解，這是一個(gè)分馬的計(jì)劃，大兒子分得ahalf，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二兒子應(yīng)該得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序數(shù)詞“third”才能命中目標(biāo)。技巧七：固定短語結(jié)構(gòu)根據(jù)句中橫線前后及整句來判斷橫線前后是否構(gòu)成一個(gè)固定短語，但有時(shí)要對橫線前或后的幾個(gè)單詞“視而不見”才能命中答案。例1：Thechildrenwereplayingontheground，enjoying，dirtybuthappy.從句中的happy可以猜出孩子們是開心的，所以應(yīng)用enjoyoneself短語，故其答案為themselves。例2：Hisbosswasangryastofirehim．如果“跳過”橫線后面的angry，就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這里用到一個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)短語soasto...，所以，so是正解?！绢}型精練】（一）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Leisureactivities(業(yè)余活動)areveryimportantnow.Theyarethekindsofthingspeopleliketodotorelaxandenjoy____1____(they)whentheyarenotworkingorgoingtoschool.Leisureactivitiesplay____2____importantpartinpeople’slives.Inthepast,there____3____(be)fewleisureactivities.Childrenoftengottogethertoplayhide-and-seek.People____4____(usual)playedcardsorchessinthestreet.Fewpeoplehadchancestotravel.Watchingoperasandlistening____5____theradiowerethemainactivitiesintheirsparetime.Sincethereformandopeningup(改革開放),Chinahasdevelopedrapidly.Chinesepeoplespendmoretimeon____6____(take)variouskindsofleisureactivities.Alotofpeoplelovebothtoplay____7____towatchteamsportslikebasketballorfootballbecausetheyare____8____(interest)inthem.Manypeoplestayathome,havingarest,reading____9____(book)andwatchingTV.YoungpeopleliketoplaygamesonputersorchatontheInternet.Inrecentyears,moreandmorepeoplelovetotravelduringvacation.Theygotovisitsomeplacesofinterest,andsomepeopleevenhaveatourabroadtoseetheworld.Chinesepeoplenowhavethetimeandchancetodo____10____(many)kindsofleisureactivitiesthanbefore.（二）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。Studentsthesedaysoftenhavealotof_____11_____(worry).Sometimestheyhaveproblemswiththeirschoolwork,andsometimeswiththeirfriends.Whatcantheydoaboutthis?Somepeoplebelievethe_____12_____(bad)thingistodonothing.LauraMills,_____13_____teenagerfromLondon,agrees.“Problemsarenormalinlife，”saysLaura.“ButIthinktalkingtosomeonehelpsalot.Unlesswetalktosomeone,we'llcertainlyfeelworse.”Lauraoncelostherwalletandshe_____14_____(be)afraidtotellherparentsaboutit.Sheworriedfordaysanddidn'tknow_____15_____tosolvetheproblem.Sheevenwalkedthreemilestoschooleachdaybecauseshedidn'thave_____16_____(some)money.Shejustkeptthinking,“_____17_____Itellmyparents,they'llbeangry！”_____18_____(final),shetalkedtoherparentsandtheywerereally_____19_____(understand).Theygotheranewwalletandaskedhertobemorecareful.“Iwillalwaysremembertosharemyproblemsinthefuture！”Laurasays.Herdadsaidhesometimesmadecarelessmistakes_____20_____(him).（三）AlongaquietstreetinBeijing,ayellowandblackrobotisbusy___21___(run)ontheroad.It’sadelivery(遞送)robot.Itcangetand____22____(send)packages(包裹)fromstorestopeople.Asweknow,moreandmore____23____(China)peoplelikeshoppingonline.WebuythingsontheInternetandthenthepackages___24___(get)toourapartmentsinashorttime.Itissaidthatthereareabout100___25___(million)packageseverydayinChina,andthenumberwillbemuch___26___(large)soon.Buttherewillnotbeenoughpeople

____27____(make)thedeliveries.Howtohelppeoplegettheirpackages

____28____(quick)?LiuZhiyongmadethiskindofrobotlastyear.Hesayshisrobotswillbevery____29____(importance)inthefuture.Theywillhelpsendalotofpackageseveryday.Althoughtheycannotdeliverthingstothedoorlikeaperson,theywillbeimproved.Butsomepeople

____30____(agree)withLiu.Theythinktoomanyrobotswillbringnewproblemstotheenvironment.Whatdoyouthinkoftherobot?（四）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thereisnodenyingthatmoreandmorepeoplelivefast-pacedlivesthesedays.However,theTVshowBacktoField(《向往的生活》),startedin2017,showsushowtolive____31____slowlifeintheruralareasneardifferentcitiesandithasbeeoneof____32____(popular)realityshowsinChinanow.OnApril29th,thesixthseasonoftheshowcame____33____onHunanTV.Thistime,thecastmembersincludinghostHeJiong,actorsHuangLeiandPengYuchang,andactressZhangZifeng____34____(choose)tobuildtheir“mushroomhouse”inasmallfishingvillageinHainanprovince.Oneachepisode(集),acoupleof____35____(star)eonasguestsandbeforetheirarrival,theycallandorderwhattheywanttoeatwithoutsayingwhotheyare.____36____thelifethereisslow-pacedwithnophones,thestarshaveagreattimefishing,cookingandtalking.Inthefirstepisode,forexample,actressZhouXunandZhangJingyiappearedandgrewwatermelonsandcookedlocalfoodtogetherby____37____(they).Theshow’sslow-pacedandordinarystyle____38____(win)people’sheartssinceitcameout.Itisausefullessonbecauseitencouragespeople____39____(enjoy)smallthingsinlife.“Nothingismorevaluablethanapeacefulandordinarylife.Peopleshouldliveaslowlifesometimesinsteadof____40____(keep)busyallthetime.”Huangsaid.（五）根據(jù)句子意思,用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,或在橫線上填入一個(gè)合適的詞,使短文語義通順、語法完整。Bornin1037,SuShiwasagreatpoetintheSongDynasty.Helefthishometownforthecapitalcity___41___theageof19.Andoneyearlater,hebecamefamousbecauseofhisexcellentperformanceintheexaminationsheldbytheemperor.Duringhislifetime,SuShicreatedmanywonderfulworks.Oneof___42___(famous)poemswasTune：PreludetoWaterMelody(《水調(diào)歌頭》).It___43___(write)in1076whenSuShiworkedinMizhou.ItwastheMid-AutumnFestival.SuShimissedhisbrotherverymuch___44___hehadn’tseenhimforsevenyears.Hewrotethispoem___45___(express)howheexpectedtoseehisbrotheragain.Inthepoem,hewishedthattheybothandallpeoplewouldhavelonglivesandbeabletosharethebrightroundmooneveniftheywerefaraway.As___46___officer,SuShididmanygoodthingsforpeople.WhenhewastheofficerinHangzhou,heorganizedpeopletorebuildtheWestLake.Heevenbuiltalongbankwithsixbridgesby___47___(use)theearthfromthelake.Peoplecalledthebank“SuBank”inmemoryof___48___(he).IntheheartsofChinesepeople,SuShiwasagreatpoetandofficer.___49___(actual),hewasalsoagoodcook.“DongpoPork”isevennamedafterhim.The____50____(place)hewenttoandthethingshedidarestillpopulartopicsfortoday’sChinesepeople.Hewillalwaysberemembered.（六）Ourcitywillhaveanamazingfuture.Therewillbemuch___51___(few)peopleworkinginoffices,paredwithtoday.Mostpeoplewillworkathomewiththeirputers,smartphonesorother___52___(electron)products.Powerfulnetworkwillconnectallofusandmakeworkmuchmoreefficient（高效的）.SincemostworkcanbedonebyAI,fewerworkersinthefactories___53___(require).Mostpeoplewillworksixhoursadayandthreedaysaweek.Therewillbemanynewtypesofjobsinthefuturesuchasspacepoliceman___54___spacetourguide.___55___(take)aspaceshipwillbeaseasyastakinganairplanetoday.Thespacetourguideswillbesimilartothetourguidestoday,havinggoodknowledgeofthe___56___(attract)andmakingtravelspleasant.Because___57___thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,atravelfromShenzhentothemoonwillbeatripinsteadofajourney.Itwillonlytakeusseveralhours___58___(get)there.Visitorwillbeabletodriveaspecialcaronthemoon.Ofcourse,he/shewillneedtogetthemoon-drivinglicense（資格）___59___(one).Thefutureofourcitywillbegreatanditisourresponsibilitytomakethebrightfuture_____60_____reality.（七）閱讀下面的短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式。AsEarth’sneighbor,MarshasasimilarenvironmenttoEarth.Foryears,scientiststrytheirbesttostudytheMarsandhopetolive____61____itoneday.SoChinahasnamedthenation’sfirstMarsrover(火星車)ZhuRongandsentitonMars____62____(successful)inMay2021.Forallofus,ZhuRongisawell-suitedname.InanancientChinesestory,ZhuRonghadthefaceofamanandthebodyofananimal.He____63____(ride)ontwodragons.WhenhehadabigfightwithGongGong,theGodofwater,ZhuRongwon.Butafter____64____fight,thehumanworldcameintopletedark.Thenhebroughtfirefromheaven(天國)totheworld.“ZhuRongisregardedasthe____65____(early)GodoffireintraditionalChineseculture.”Aspaceofficialsaid.“ThenameZhuRonghasan____66____(usual)meaning.Itstandsforlightandhopeforspaceexploration(探索)inourcountry.Italsomeanstoguide____67____(human)tocontinueexploration.”____68____leavingtheearthlastsummer,ZhuRongcircledMarsforseveralmonthsandlandedonitinMay.Inrecentyears,Ourcountryhassentupthe____69____(world)firstquantumsatellite(量子衛(wèi)星).AndChang’e4hasmadeasoftlandingonthemoon.Sofar,we____70____(make)greatprogressinspacetechnologyandwillsoonstartbuildingourownspacestation.（八）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在橫線上填上適當(dāng)單詞，使短文完整、通順。給出單詞的空格不限一詞，沒有給出單詞的空格限一詞。SunJiarui,a10-year-oldgirlfromOutangCentralPrimarySchoolinWuxi,EastChina’sJiangsuprovince,wasrecentlypopularonlineforher____71____(cook)skills.Sun,whobegantolearncookingfromherfather____72____eight,cancookmorethan50dishes.TheOutangCentralPrimarySchoolhasalsoinvitedSunandherfathertohelpatitsnewGourmetStudio(美食工坊).IntheingterminSeptember,primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentsinChina____73____(find)anew“practicalactivities”courseintheirschedules(課表),atleastoneclasshoureveryweek.Thenewcoursehasthreetypesoftasks:____74____(day)housework,likecleaning,organizing,cooking,andusingandmaintaininghomeappliances;productivelabor（生產(chǎn)性勞動）,____75____(include)traditionalhandicrafts;experienceofnewtechnologies,suchas3Dprinting;andvolunteerwork.（九）閱讀下面短文，在沒有提示的空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~；或用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。Thetake-awayfoodispopularthesedaysandmanypeoplelikeit,butit’snotas____76____(health)ascooking.Ilikecookingathome,butmydishesaredifferent____77____monChinesefood.Theyusecertainingredients（原料）,andtheyarehardtofindinChinesesupermarkets.Isometimeshavetogoonline____78____(buy)them.ButIstillgotoChinesesupermarketstogetfreshingredients,suchaschickenandvegetables.Ifindcookingisveryinterestingandenjoyable.Ilookforwardto____79____(go)toacookingschoolwhenIgrowup.AndI____80____(cook)formyfamilyeverydayinthefuture.（十）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。Thefriendshipbetweenhumansanddogsprobablybegan14，000yearsago.Hereis_____81_____exampleofadog'slifeinthehumanworldtoday.JessieisNancy'spetdog.Sheisjust_____82_____amemberofNancy'sfamily.Nancylooksafterhervery_____83_____(care).Jessiecanalwaysfind_____84_____deliciousinherbowlwhensheishungry.Everyday,Nancy_____85_____(prepare)meat

anddifferentkindsofvegetablesforher.Jessiealsohasyogurtandtwo_____86_____(spoon)ofhoneyafterdinner.Afterthat,theygooutforawalk.Nancy'shusbandisafamousdoctorand_____87_____(they)onlysonisawayinBeijing,_____88_____shehasenoughtimeandmoneytolookafterJessie,andshereallyenjoys_____89_____(do)it.“Iwanttogiveherthehealthiestand_____90_____(wonderful)lifeaslongaspossible！”shesays.（十一）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給的提示，補(bǔ)全文中單詞或用所給單詞的正確形式填空。Oncetherewasalittlegirl.Shewatered__91__bananatreeeveryday.Onedayavoice(聲音）__92__(e)fromthetree,"Willyouplaywithme?”Thegirlwasveryscaredand___93___(run)tohermother.Hermothersaid,"Don'tbea__94__.Thatvoiceisofthebananatreegoddess,Laxmi.Sheishappywithyou."Thenextdaywhenthegirlwenttothetree,Laxmiplayedwithher.Later,Laxmiinvitedherforlunchinabeautifulpalaceandgaveherdeliciousf__95__.Whenthelittlegirl__96__(tell)hermotherwhathadhappened,themotherwasveryhappyandsaid,"InviteLaxmitoourhomeford__97__tomorrowevening."Thegirlsaid,"Butmother,wearesopoorandourhouseissmall.HowcanIinviteherhere?"Hermothersaid,"Loveiseverything.I'msureshe'llenjoy__98__(her)."ThenextdaythelittlegirlbroughtLaxmiwithher.AssoonasLaxmiarrived,theirhouseturnedintoabigandbeautifulone.Thegirl'smotheraskedLaxmitolivewiththem,__99__Laxmiwentbacktothetree.Thelittlegirlkept___100___(water)thetreeeverydayandLaxmikepthergirl'sfamilyhappyandlucky.（十二）Inmanycountries,_101_(smoke)isbeingabiggerproblemforyoungpeople.Mostsmokers_102_

(start)intheirteens(yearsofaperson'sagefrom13to19)orevenearlier.Astudyof8,000BeijingstudentslastMay_103_(show)usthatsmokingwasaproblemformanyChinesekids.Morethan21%ofmiddleschoolstudentsand6%ofprimaryschoolpupils(生)saidtheyhadsmoked."Ifyoungpeoplestart_104_

(smoke)early,theywillprobablygetaddictedtonicotine(對尼古丁癮).Andit

_105_

(be)veryhardtogiveup(放棄)lateron,"saidaprofessor.Everyyear,about4million(百萬)peopledie(死亡)ofsmoking.Andifpeoplekeep

_106_(smoke),thatnumberwillgouptoabout10millionayearby2030,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO,世界衛(wèi)生組織)says.Sowehaveto

_107_(know)andtellothersaboutthedangers(危險(xiǎn))ofsmoking.Everyoneofusshould

_108_(do)somethingusefultostopkidsfrom_109_

(smoke),oronedaywe_110_

(see)whatwewon'tsee.（十三）TheWorldConsumer(消費(fèi)者)RightsDayisonMarch15.The3.15Gala,____111____yearlyshowproducedbyChinaCentralTelevisionpayattentiontothe____112____(protect)ofconsumers’rights.Thegalaexposes(揭露)caseswhichdoanything____113____theconsumerrightsindifferentfields.Thisyear’s3.15galaexposedtheinsidestoryoftheproductionofpickled(腌制的)cabbage(白菜).Awful!TheHunanChaqiVegetableLimitedpanyproducesplentyofpickledcabbagetheseyears.____114____theyhaveaterriblehygiene(衛(wèi)生)problem.Avideoshowedworkers,somewearingslippers(拖鞋),someevenwithoutshoes,weresteppingonthepickledcabbage.____115____weresmokingandoneeventhrewthecigarettedirectlyintothecabbage.Thetopic“3.15Galapickledcabbage”quicklybecameoneofthe____116____(hot)topicsonsocialmedia.Consumersareworriedabout____117____(they)healthbecauseatypeofinstantnoodleswithpickledcabbage,suchasMasterKong(康師傅)____118____(be)popularamongsomanypeopleforyears.MasterKongapologizedquicklyandithasstoppedworkingwithChaqi.Itpromisesthatalltheproducts____119____(take)offtheshelvesassoonaspossible.Thegalathisyearalsoexposedsomelive-streaming(直播)shows.Theyspreadmuchfalseinformationorsellshoddy(粗制濫造的)goodsinstead_____120_____trueones.（十四）Allofusknowthatbreakfastisvery__121__['nes?s?r?]tous.Itis__122__ofthemostimportantmealsoftheday.Tokeep__123__(health),everyoneshouldhaveagoodbreakfast.__124__(eat)therightfoodisgoodforourhealth.Wecanhaveeggs,bread,milkandotherfood__125__breakfast.Manystudentsgotoschoolwithoutbreakfast.

__126__[b?'k?z]theygetuplateortheirparentsdon’tcookforthem.It’s__127__fortheirhealth.Withoutbreakfastchildrenmaynot__128__[gr??]fastandmaynotstudyandplayverywellatschool.Theymaybeeasiertoget__129__(ill).Andwhenthey’reill,itwill___130___(take)themalongtimetorecover（恢復(fù)）.Ithinkeveryoneshouldhavesomegoodeating