Unit6DisasterandhopeEllipsisB3U6A:

I’m

hungry.

B:

Are

you

(hungry)?

A:

Yeah.

I

didn’t

have

lunch

today.B:

(Do

you)

Want

some

sandwiches?

A:

Are

there

any?

B:

Yeah.

(I’ve)

Just

made

some.定義

省略是一種避免重復(fù)、突出新信息并使上下文緊密連接的語法

手段。與漢語-樣，英語中的省略也較為常見。一般來說，只要

不損害結(jié)構(gòu)或引起歧義，能省略的地方就可以省略。Ellipsis省略意義

可使語言更加簡潔，意思更加明確，句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊。

[??l?ps?s]aIt’sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines,aswellasoneofthedeepest.bMyofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding,soquitelow.cIt’sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines,aswellasoneofthedeepestlines.dMyofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding,soitisquitelow.Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.1

Whathasbeenleftoutinthesesentences?“Lines”insentence(a),and“itis”insentence(b).一、簡單句的省略1.省略主語祈使句中主語通常省略;

其它省略主語多限于少數(shù)現(xiàn)成的說法。Handmethehammer,willyou?Thankyouforyourhelp.Soundsgreat.Lookslikerain.(You)(I)(It)(It)一、簡單句的省略2.省略主謂或主謂語的一部分祈使句中主語通常省略;

其它省略主語多限于少數(shù)現(xiàn)成的說法。Anythingyouyouwanttotellme?Anything

wrong?What/How

about

a

cupof

tea?Why

not

say

hello

to

him?(Is

there)(Is

there)(do

you)(do

you

think)一、簡單句的省略3.省略作賓語的不定式短語

省略作賓語的不定式短語，只保留to,但如果該賓語是動詞be或完成時(shí)態(tài)，則須在之后加上be或have:(1)–Are

you

going

there?

–Yes,

I’dlike

to.(go

there)(adoctor)(finished

hishomework)(2)–Are

you

adoctor?

–No,butIwanttobe.(3)

–He

hasn’t

finished

hishomework.

–He

ought

to

have.二、并列句的省略

在and、but、so、or連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)中，

第二個(gè)部分相同的結(jié)構(gòu)在不造成意義混淆時(shí)可以省去Sheissittinginthechairandtalkingtoherson.Sheoftenkeepsherdogfromrunninginthefieldandsleepinginthelivingroom.∧to∧from∧is三、復(fù)合句的省略1.定語從句的省略

在限制性定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略。HeisoneofthemenIcantrust. ThisistheverypenIlenttohim.∧who∧that三、復(fù)合句的省略1.定語從句的省略

在限制性定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略。Canyoutellmetheway_____________youusetosolvetheproblem?Canyoutellmetheway______________yousolvetheproblem?which;that;/inwhich;that;/先行詞

way

表示_______且在從句中作______時(shí)關(guān)系詞也可以省掉，也可以用______或_________.狀語inwhichthat方式三、復(fù)合句的省略2.賓語從句的省略

在限制性定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略。–Doyouthinkitwillrain？–Ithinkso.–Ithink

not./Idon’tthinkso.(thatitwillnotrain.)(thatitwillrain.)在對話中，答語中的賓語從句常常省略，用so代替肯定內(nèi)容，用not代替否定內(nèi)容。三、復(fù)合句的省略3.狀語從句的省略When______(take)accordingtodirections,thedrughaslittlesideeffect.Though_______(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.Theyoungmanrushedoutoftheroom,asif_________(frighten)bythestrangenoise.When_______(饑餓),youshouldeatmoremeat.MydogwoulddoanythingIorderhimto_________________(當(dāng)心情好時(shí)).takenlackingfrightenedwheningoodmoodhungry當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致，且從句謂語是be動詞或其變化形式的時(shí)候，從句的主語和be動詞可以一起省掉。把下面的句子改成省略句1.Iconsiderhimtobelazy.→Iconsider

2.Theymaygoiftheywishtogo.→Theymaygo3.Hepausedasifhewasexpectinghertospeak.→Hepausedasif4.Jackwillsingattheparty,butIknowJohnwon’tsingattheparty.→Jackwillsingattheparty,but————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————practice!himlazy.iftheywishto.expectinghertospeak.IknowJohnwon’t.Findoutwhatwordshavebeenremovedbeforeoraftertheunderlinedwords.itsways(toforecasttheweather)

dryperiod(that’sontheway)moreloudly(thanusual)(look)forbirdswhenandwhere

(somethingbadisgoingtohappen)RemovewordsfromthenewsreporttomakeitmoreconciseRemovewordsfromthenewsreporttomakeitmoreconciseThe8.1magnitudeearthquakethathitNepalon25April2015,wasoneoftheworstearthquakesinhistory.Onhearingthenews,Chinawasquicktostartorganisingemergencyaid.RemovewordsfromthenewsreporttomakeitmoreconciseInternationalrescueteamssoonbegantoarriveinthecountry.Amongstalltheinternationalheavyrescueteams,theChinaInternationalSearchandRescueTeam(CISAR)wasthefirstinternationalheavyrescueteamtoarrive.Consistingof