PAGE第8頁(yè)共12頁(yè)必修⑤Unit2課下主題訓(xùn)練自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)一、主題語(yǔ)基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會(huì)詞匯，在□內(nèi)打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識(shí)記)①recycle□ ②illegally□③measure□ ④consume□⑤production□ ⑥greedy□⑦conflict□ ⑧flood□⑨appreciate□ eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))administration□?duty□ ?crop□?protection□ ?vehicle□?carbon□ ?use□?decrease□ ?climate□?fuel□ ?electrical□(二)主題詞匯訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.選詞填空(有兩詞多余)greedy,climate,crop,fuel,electrical,carbon,administration,vehicle,flood,consume1．Naturaldisasters,suchasfloods,_volcaniceruptions,earthquakesandtsunamis,canhappenatanytime.2．Theplantsincludingthecropswerecoveredwithathicklayerofdust,lookingratherunhealthy.3．TheclimateofBeijingisbetterthanthatofLondon,whichisfineforlong.4．Notonlycanyouwitnessrobotsthatdohousework,butyoucanalsoexperienceself-drivingvehicles.5．Itseemsthatwehumanbeingsaretoogreedy—wearegettingtoomuchfromthenature.6．Treescancleantheair,whichabsorbcarbondioxideandgiveoutoxygen,andmakeourEarthmorebeautiful.7．Theuseofpublictransportationalsomeanslesswastegasisconsumedeachyear.8．Wheneverweleaveclassroomsorourhomes,makesurethatthelightsandsomeelectricalequipmenthavebeenturnedoff.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Allofusheldthesameviewthatenvironmental(environment)protectionissoimportantforourlife.2．We'reriskingourpersonalinformationbeingillegally(illegal)collectedandabused.3．WelcometoHuanggangandIwouldappreciateitifyoucouldpayavisittomyhometown.4．Ifyouworkwellwithothersandhaveastrongsenseofresponsibility(responsible),youarewelcometojoinus.5．Iwillputemptycans,bottlesandwastepaperintodustbininorderthattheycanbe_recycled(recycle)．6．Teacherswilltakeactivemeasures(measure)tohelpthemgetoutofthetrouble.7．What'sworse,theproduction(produce)oftheharmfulchemicalspollutesourenvironment.Ⅲ.用本單元詞匯替換/升級(jí)句中藍(lán)色詞匯1．Nowadays,ourgovernmentispayingmoreattentiontotheprotectionofwildanimals.conservation2．ItisourdutytoprotecttheEarth,whichistheonlyhomeofourhumans.responsibility3．Someusefulgarbagecanbeusedagain,whiletheharmfulthingsshouldbeputinasafeplace.recycled二、主題語(yǔ)篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021年1月新高考8省聯(lián)考卷)Inmyeverydaylife,Iamonanongoingjourneytofigureoutdifferentwaystoreducemycarbonfootprintontheplanet.Acarbonfootprintisthemeasureofinfluenceouractivitieshaveontheenvironment,inparticularclimatechange.Itiscalculatedbytheamountofgreenhousegasweproduceinourdailylives.Fortunately,nowadaysitismucheasiertomakeeco-friendlylifestylechoicesthan,let'ssay,20yearsago.Butonequestionhasbeenonmymindalotlately:isitbettertobuyneweco-friendlyproductsorusedtraditionallyproducedgoods?Afterdoingsomeresearch,Ihavedecidedthatsomethingsarebetternewandothersarebetterused.Letmetrytoexplain.Acarbonfootprintismadeupoftwoparts,theprimaryfootprintandthesecondaryfootprint.Theprimaryfootprintisameasureofourdirectemissions(排放)ofcarbondioxide(CO2)fromtheburningoffuels,includinghouseholdenergyconsumptionandtransportation.ThesecondaryfootprintisameasureoftheindirectCO2emissionsfromthewholelifecycleofproductsweuse—thoserelatedtotheirproductionandbreakdown.Basedonthisunderstanding,wehaveagooddealofcontrolandresponsibilityoverourcarbonfootprint.Thingslikedishes,clothesandfurniturefallintothe“secondaryfootprint”group,solessismoreandwecanfocusonfindingusedgoodstoavoidtheaddedproduction.However,forthecarandtheotherappliances(設(shè)備)thatweneedwecangowithnew,energy-savingmodels.Iheardsomewherethatelectronicsandappliancesgiveoff90%oftheircarbonfootprintaftertheyleavethefactory.Soitseemsmostreasonabletogofortheenergy-savingmodels.Themainconcernhereistheamountofenergythatgoesintothemakingofnewproductsandwhetherornotthatextracarbonisworththe_footprinttheproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了作者一直致力于踐行環(huán)保生活方式、尋找減少碳足跡的方法。對(duì)于近來(lái)一直困惑他的一個(gè)難題：是買新的環(huán)保產(chǎn)品還是繼續(xù)使用舊的傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品？作者通過(guò)研究和舉例詳細(xì)指出了不同的物品要有不同的對(duì)待方法。1．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Whatappliancestobuytosaveenergy.B．Whatacarbonfootprintmeansinourlife.C．Howtoidentifydifferentcarbonfootprints.D．Howtomakeeco-friendlylifestylechoices.解析：選D主旨大意題。文章第一段提到了作者尋求環(huán)保的生活方式來(lái)減少碳足跡，由此引出碳足跡的概念。第二段中又提到作者在做了一些研究之后得出結(jié)論——不同的物品要區(qū)別對(duì)待。接下來(lái)的段落分別舉例哪些產(chǎn)品適合用最新的節(jié)約版本，那些適合沿用老產(chǎn)品，故本文主要講述了如何選擇環(huán)保的生活方式，故選D。2．Whatdoweknowaboutthesecondarycarbonfootprint?A．Itisrelatedtoourconsumptionoffuels.B．Itismadewhenwearebuyingtheproducts.C．Itislessharmfulthantheprimarycarbonfootprint.D．Itiscountedasoursthoughnotdirectlymadebyus.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，第二碳足跡是對(duì)于我們所使用產(chǎn)品的整個(gè)生命周期(包括產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)和分解)的間接二氧化碳排放量的度量，由此可知，第二碳足跡雖然不是由我們直接造成的，但也算作我們的碳足跡的一部分。故選D。3．Whichofthefollowinghelpsreduceourcarbonfootprintaccordingtotheauthor?A．Usingsecond-handtextbooks.B．Usingoldandexpensivecars.C．Buyingnewbutcheapclothes.D．Buyingnewwoodenfurniture.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thingslikedishes,clothesandfurniturefallintothe‘secondaryfootprint’group,solessismoreandwecanfocusonfindingusedgoodstoavoidtheaddedproduction.”可知，像盤子、衣服和家具之類的東西屬于“第二碳足跡”，這一類的東西越少越好，所以可以集中精力尋找二手貨，以避免增加生產(chǎn)從而降低我們的碳足跡，故排除C、D選項(xiàng)；再根據(jù)“However,forthecarandtheotherappliances(設(shè)備)thatweneedwecangowithnew,energy-savingmodels.”可知，車輛還是用新的節(jié)能款比較好，可以降低我們的碳足跡，故排除B選項(xiàng)。故選A。4．“Thefootprint”underlinedinthelastsentencereferstotheCO2producedin________.A．usingtheproductB．recyclingtheproductC．makingtheproduct D．transportingtheproduct解析：選A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“...andwhetherornotthatextracarbonisworththefootprinttheproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.”可知，那些額外的碳(排放)是否值得這個(gè)產(chǎn)品在到你手里之后所產(chǎn)生的碳足跡，也就是說(shuō)在你使用產(chǎn)品的時(shí)候。故選A。BAteamoffarmers,universityresearchersandenvironmentalistsisbusyatworkinthewetlandsofeasternEngland.Theyarediggingintothearea'swheatfields,lookingforwetearththatcouldhidelostpondsunderneath.Ittakesthegroupofdiggersjustafewhourstorevive(使復(fù)活)onedyingpond.It'snearHindolveston,athousand-year-oldvillageclosetotheNorthSea.“Assoonastheburiedpondsgetwaterandlight,theyjustspringtolife，”saysNickAnema,afarmerinnearbyDereham.He'sbroughtsevenpondsonhisfarmbacktolife.“Frogsandalltheinsectslikedragonfliescanbeseenhereagain，”hesaid.Butthebattleforthewetlandsisastruggle.Whileeffortstostoplossesarecontinuing,wetlandsaroundtheworldarestillbeingfilledinandcoveredup.Overthepastthreecenturies,almost90%oftheworld'swetlandshavedisappeared.Thelossratehasincreasedsincethe1970s,withwetlandsnowdisappearingthreetimesfasterthantheworld'sforests.Some5,000wetland-dependentanimalspeciescoulddieoutbecauseofsuchlosses.Wetlandlosscanalsoaffecthumanbeings.Wetlandsactasnaturalstorageareasforwater.Losingthoseareascouldleadtomoreseverefloodinginmanypartsoftheworld.Andtheactofremovingwaterfromwetlandscanreleasehugeamountsofcarbondioxide,amajorcontributortoclimatechange.Human-madewetlands,however,aren'tdecreasinginnumber.Ricefields,waterreservoirsandagriculturalstockpondshaveallincreasedsincethe1970s.Yetscientistsareconcernedaboutthisphenomenon.“Peoplebrag(自夸)aboutthefactthatthere'sbeennonetloss(凈損失)ofwetlands.Butwhatthey'vedoneisdestroynaturalwetlandsandcreateartificialones，”saysStuartPimm,aDukeUniversityprofessor.“Itmakesitlooklikeyou'redoingnoharmwhentherealityisverydifferent.”eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了濕地的多種功能以及天然濕地面積在逐年減少的現(xiàn)狀，因此拯救濕地迫在眉睫。)5．What'stheteam'sworkineasternEnglandintendedfor?A．Diggingwetearthforresearch.B．Researchingintoanoldvillage.C．Bringingdyingpondsbacktolife.D．Findingwetlandscreatedbypeople.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Theyarediggingintothearea's...torevive(使復(fù)活)onedyingpond.”可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)正在努力拯救濕地，恢復(fù)池塘的生機(jī)。故選C。6．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Variousfunctionsofwetlands.B．Seriousconsequencesofwetlandloss.C．Wetlands'keyroleinclimatechange.D．Wetlands'importancetolivingthings.解析：選B段落大意題。通讀第四段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要是介紹濕地喪失的嚴(yán)重后果。故選B。7．WhichofthefollowingreflectsStuartPimm'sopinion?A．Artificialwetlandscan'treplacenaturalones.B．Creatingartificialwetlandsupsetsthebalanceofnature.C．Keepingthetotalnumberofvariouskindsofwetlandsisimportant.D．It'simportanttobalancethenumbersofnaturalwetlandsandartificialones.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中StuartPimm說(shuō)的“Butwhatthey'vedoneisdestroynaturalwetlandsandcreateartificialones...Itmakesitlooklikeyou'redoingnoharmwhentherealityisverydifferent.”可以推斷，StuartPimm認(rèn)為人造濕地是不可能代替天然濕地的。故選A。8．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．SeekingforMoreWetlandsB．SavingtheWorld'sWetlandsC．CausesofWetlands'DisappearanceD．NaturalWetlandsvsArtificialWetlands解析：選B標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文尤其是根據(jù)文章前三段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是介紹濕地的重要性以及濕地減少的現(xiàn)狀等，因此B項(xiàng)“拯救世界濕地”適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選B。Ⅱ.應(yīng)用文寫作光明社區(qū)針對(duì)本社區(qū)居民垃圾分類情況，計(jì)劃于下周舉行一次關(guān)于垃圾分類的講座。請(qǐng)你代表社區(qū)寫一封公開信，內(nèi)容包括：1．垃圾分類的好處；2．講座具體時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；3．邀請(qǐng)居民參加。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：垃圾分類garbageclassificationDearsirormadam，I'mwritingthislettertocallonattentiontothecommunitylectureconcerninggarbageclassification.GuangmingCommunity參考范文：Dearsirormadam，I'mwritingthislettertocallonattentiontothecommunitylectureconcerninggarbageclassification.Consideringmostneighborsfailtoclassifygarbageproperlythoughtheyreallytryto,ourcommunitywillorganizethislectureinanattempttoguidethisdeed.Garbageclassificationisofgreatsignificance.Firstly,notonlycanitcopewithpollutionissueeffectivelybutmorespaceoriginallyoccupiedbywastelandwillbespared.Secondly,wecanundeniablysaveresourcesbytakingadvantageofrecyclablegarbage.Tofulfillyourobligationtoliveaneco-life,comeandjoininthelecturetobegivenat2p．m.nextSundayonthecommunitysquare.Onlywithjointeffortscanweliveinabetterneighborhood.Yoursmallactcanmakeabigdifference.GuangmingCommunity課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)一、主題語(yǔ)基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會(huì)詞匯，在□內(nèi)打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識(shí)記)①pollute□ ②improve□③resource□ ④ecological□⑤greenhouse□ ⑥petrol□⑦destroy□ ⑧natural□⑨emission□ eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))discharge□?absorb□ ?endangered□?awareness□ ?ease□?balance□ ?waste□?reserve□ ?threaten□?rubbish□ ?lifestyle□(二)主題詞匯訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.選詞填空(有兩詞多余)petrol,waste,reserve,rubbish,lifestyle,emission,resource,endangered,discharge,greenhouse1．Morepeoplechoosetolivealow-carbonlifeforthepurposeofreducinggreenhousegases.2．Wecanrecycleusefulmaterialstosaveresourcesandreduceenvironmentalpollution.3．Largeamountsofrubbish,_suchasleftoverfood,wastepaper,usedplasticbottlesandbatteriesareproducedeveryday.4．Bicyclesdon'tneedanypetrolandtheyareenergy-saving.5．Iwillgotoschoolbybikeoronfoot,andIwon'tthrowwasteanywhere.6．Naturereservesshouldbesetuptoprotectalltheanimals.7．Ourgovernmentshoulddevelopmoregreenandenergy-savingwaystolowertheemissionofpollutedair.8．Ahealthylifestylemakesushealthy,wealthyandwiseinthefuture.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Iagreetoclonetheendangered(endanger)species,becauseitreallycanbringusmanybenefits.2．Thepolluted(pollute)waterevendoesharmtopeopleaswellasotherlivingthings.3．Iwanttolearnhowtosurvivewhenanaccidenthappensoranatural(nature)disasterstrikes.4．Weshouldmakeeveryeffortto_improve(improve)ourlivingconditionsandtoprotectourEarth.5．Weintendtogiveaspeechinpublictoincreasepeople'sawareness(aware)ofprotectingourmotherriver.6．Pollutionis_threatening(threat)ourexistence.Ⅲ.寫出下列句中藍(lán)色詞的漢語(yǔ)意思1．IwouldliketospeakforpandassothatIcanraisepeople'sawarenessofanimalprotection.意識(shí)2．Peopletendtoattachgreatimportancetopersonalandeconomicinterests,ignoringecologicalbalance.生態(tài)平衡3．Thefactorywasfinedfordischargingchemicalsintotheriver.排放4．Naturalresourcesarelimitedandsomedaytheywillbeexhausted.資源5．Westudentsshoulddoasfollowsinordertoeasetheseriouscondition.緩解二、主題語(yǔ)篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解Theideaofturningrecycledplasticbottlesintoclothingisnotnew.Duringthelastfiveyears,alargenumberofclothingcompanies,businessesandenvironmentalorganizationshavestartedturningplasticsintofabrictodealwithplasticpollution.Butthere'saproblemwiththismethod.Researchnowshowsthatmicrofiberscouldbethebiggestsourceofplasticinthesea.Dr.MarkBrowneinSantaBarbara,California,hasbeenstudyingplasticpollutionandmicrofibersfor10yearsnow.Heexplainsthateverytimesynthetic(合成的)clothesgointoawashingmachine,alargenumberofplasticfibersfalloff.Mostwashingmachinescan'tcollectthesemicrofibers.Soeverytimethewatergetsoutofawashingmachine,microfibersareenteringthesewersandfinallyendupinthesea.In2011,Brownewroteapaperstatingthatasinglepieceofsyntheticclothingcanproducemorethan1,900fibersperwash.Brownecollectedsamplesfromseawaterandfreshwatersitesaroundtheworld,andusedaspecialwaytoexamineeachsample.Hediscoveredthateverysinglewatersamplecontainedmicrofibers.Thisisbadnewsforanumberofreasons.Plasticcancauseharmtosealifewheneaten.Studieshavealsoshownthatplasticcanabsorbotherpollutants.Basedonthisevidence,itmayseemsurprisingthatcompaniesandorganizationshavechosentoturnplasticwasteintoclothingasanenvironmental“solution”.Eventhoughthesciencehasbeenaroundforawhile,Browneexplainsthathe'shadadifficulttimegettingcompaniestolisten.Whenheaskedwell-knownclothingcompaniestosupportBenignbyDesign—hisresearchprojectthatseekstogetclothesthathaveabadeffectonhumansandtheenvironmentoutofthemarket,Brownedidn'tgetasatisfyinganswer.Onlyonewomen'sclothingcompany,EileenFisher,offeredBrownefunding.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了把可回收塑料重組制成的衣服在清洗時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量纖維，微纖維對(duì)海洋環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重的危害。1．Whathashappenedduringthepastfiveyears?A．Fabrichasbecomemuchstronger.B．Plasticpollutionhasbeenlessserious.C．Manyplasticbottleshavebeenreused.D．Microfibershavebeengreatlyimproved.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Duringthelastfiveyears,alargenumberofclothingcompanies...turningplasticsintofabrictodealwithplasticpollution.”可知，在過(guò)去的五年中有很多塑料瓶被再次利用，故選C。2．WhatdoesBrownethinkofwashingsyntheticclothes?A．Itisaddingmicrofiberstotheclothes.B．Itisworseningenvironmentalproblems.C．Itismakingsyntheticclotheslastlonger.D．Itisdoinggreatdamagetowashingmachines.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合第四段中的“Plasticcancauseharmtosealifewheneaten.”可知，微纖維對(duì)海洋生物有很大的危害。由此可知，合成型衣服的清洗會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量微纖維，微纖維的排放會(huì)加重海洋問(wèn)題，故選B。3．WhatcanbeinferredaboutBrowne'sBenignbyDesignresearchproject?A．Ithasachievedgreatsuccess.B．Ithasn'tgotanythingdone.C．Itisknowntoveryfewpeople.D．Itisfacingsomedifficulties.解析：選D推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“Whenheasked...Brownedidn'tgetasatisfyinganswer.”可推知，他的研究項(xiàng)目遇到了困難，故選D。4．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．It'simportanttolearntorecycleB．It'snevereasytosolvepollutionproblemsC．Recycledplasticclothing:solutionorpollution?D．Arehumanbeingsmovingforwardorbackward?解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文尤其是第一段可知，文章就將可回收塑料重組制成衣服這項(xiàng)技術(shù)究竟是對(duì)環(huán)境的保護(hù)還是對(duì)環(huán)境的再次污染進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。故C項(xiàng)能夠概括文章中心，可作為標(biāo)題。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五4sustainabilitytipsforEarthDayOnthisEarthDay,seaturtlesarethrivingonFloridabeachesandtheairinLosAngelesiscleanerthaneverbefore.Buttheseeventsaretheresultofthecoronaviruspandemic,whentherearefewercarsontheroad,planesinthesky,andfactoriesatfullproduction.Withmostpeopleathome,natureisprospering.Fewbelievetheseimprovementswillcontinuewhenpeopleareabletoheadtotheofficeagain.__1__Helptheenvironmentwhileeatinghealthier.__2__Usingingredientsthathaveamuchsmallerenvironmentalimpactcomparedtousinganimalproducts.Whileyou'reinthekitchen,insteadofthrowingawayyourbitsofonion,celery,andgarlic,scoopupthescrapsandtryre-growingthemforyourowngarden.Timeforspringrecycling.Alotofpeopleareusingtheirextratimeathometoremovetheirclothesthey'llneverwearagainandbirthdaycardsfromadecadeago.Insteadofthrowingitallaway,thereareseveralcompaniesandnonprofitsthatwillaccepttheseitems,turningthemintonewproductsorrecyclablematerials.TheCrayonInitiativetakesdiscardedcrayons,meltsthemdown,andremanufacturesthem,withthenewcrayonsthensenttochildren'shospitals.__3____4__Here'sasmallerdecisionthatcanmakeadifference:Whenrecyclingabottle,makesureyoufirsttakeoffthebottlecapandthrowitinthetrash.Also,whencafesarebackopenagain,chooseareusablethermosorenjoyyourdrinkinoneoftheirmugsbecausepaper-to-gocoffeecupsarelinedwithaplasticfilmthatcan'tberecycled.Properlydisposeofprescriptiondrugs.Inordertokeeptheno-longer-necessaryprescriptiondrugsawayfromkidsoranyoneelsewhoshouldn'tgetintothem,somepeopleflushthemdownthetoilet.__5__Mostcommunitieshaveasafeplacetodisposeofoldandunusedprescriptions,withpharmaciesandhospitalsoftenacceptingthedrugs.A．Throwawaythosebottlecaps.B．Collectasmorebottlecapsaspossible.C．Lockdownisagoodtimetotrymoreplant-basedrecipes.D．Itisagreatwaytodealwitholdandunusedprescriptions.E．Thiscanchangethewatersupplyandaffectwaterwildlife.F．However,therearestillafewthingswecandofortheplanet.G．Evenoldbirthday,Christmas,andthankyoucardscanbemadenewagain,thankstoSt.Jude'sRanchforChildren.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了四條人類可以為地球做的環(huán)保且可持續(xù)發(fā)展的建議。1．解析：選F本句為本段最后一句，有啟示下文的作用；結(jié)合后文主要介紹了四條可持續(xù)發(fā)展的建議可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“然而，我們?nèi)匀豢梢詾榈厍蜃鲆恍┦虑椤背猩蠁⑾?，符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。2．解析：選C結(jié)合上下文可知，此處是在說(shuō)明吃得健康就是嘗試更多植物性的食物。故C項(xiàng)“禁閉期是嘗試更多植物性食譜的好時(shí)機(jī)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選C。3．解析：選G上文主要列舉了一些日常可以回收利用的東西，如舊衣服和蠟筆，故G項(xiàng)“即使舊的生日、圣誕節(jié)和感謝卡也可以重新制作，這都要感謝圣裘德兒童農(nóng)場(chǎng)”承接上文語(yǔ)境，故選G。4．解析：選A根據(jù)后文“Whenrecyclingabottle,makesureyoufirstta