unit5

First

AidEllipsis

省略1You

cannot

smoke

here.You

can

park

your

carhere.NOPHOTOSYou

cannot

take

photos

here.NOFISHINGFishing

is

not

allowed

here.Nosmoking.Parking.Nophotos.Nofishing.在英語中，為了避免重復(fù)而省去某些重復(fù)的部分，這種現(xiàn)象叫省略。如：

(

It

)

Sounds

like

a

good

idea.定義7(一)簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略(二)并列句中的省略(三)復(fù)合句中的省略(四)不定式的省略8（一） 簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略(

It

)

Doesn’tmatter.(I

) Thank

you.討論歸納一：在祈使句中，主語通常被省略。94.

What

(doyou

think)

about

a

cup

of

tea?3. Why

(do

you)

not

say

hello

to

him

?討論歸納二：有時(shí)句子還可以省略主

語和

謂語的一部分。105.

–Are

you

thirsty?

–

Yes,

I

am

.

(thirsty).6.

---Where

should

we

go?---I

don’t

care

(where

you

go).

Anywhere

youwant.討論歸納三：有時(shí)句子還可以省略表

語和賓語的一部分。11My

brother

isadoctorandmy

sister-in-law(is)

a

lawyer.When

summer

comes,

the

day

is

getting

longerand

longer,

and

the

night

(is

getting)

shorter

andshorter.討論歸納四：兩個(gè)并列句中，后一個(gè)分句常省略與前一分句中

相同

的部分。(二) 并列句中的省略（三）復(fù)合句中的省略1、從句中有一些成分被省略、而用

so或

not來代替－Are

you

leaving

for

Beijing

this

Sunday?－I

think

so（.

I’m

leaving

for

Beijing

this

Sunday.）－It

is

going

to

rain,

isn’t

it?－Ihopenot（.

it

is

not

going

to

rain.）這種用法常見的有：Why

so?Why

not?I

hope

so.I’m

afraid

so.及I

suppose/believe/hope

not.等13---Is

the

boyverysick?---I’m

afraid

C

.A.

it B.

thisC.

soD.that.即學(xué)即用We

all

know

(that)

the

earth

runs

around

the

sun.Mary

said

(that)

she

is

from

American

and

thatshe

is

16

years

old.2.賓語從句中的省略討論歸納五：賓語從句中常省略連詞tha，t

但當(dāng)有兩個(gè)并列的賓語從句時(shí)，第二個(gè)that則不能省略。153.定語從句中的省略I

haven’t

read

the

book (that/

which)

you’rereading.The

man (that/

who)

your

father

just

talked

tois

our

English

teacher,

Mr.Smith.討論歸納六：在限制性定語從句中，作

賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略。164.狀語從句中的省略While

(he

was)

waiting

for

a

bus,

he

found

hiswalletstolen.Unless

(he

is)

invited,

he

won’t

come.I’ll

help

you

if

(it

is)possible.討論歸納七：在以

when,

while,

once

引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句及以

if,

unless

引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中though,

although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，如果主從句的主語一致或從句主語為It，且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句中可省去 部分。主語+be1.When

ice

is

heated,

ice

can

be

turned

into

water.2.

While

I

was

walking

in

the

park,

I

saw

my

oldfriend,

Mary.When

heated,

ice

can

be

turned

intowater.While

walking

in

the

park,

I

saw

my

oldfriend,Mary.171.

動(dòng)詞不定式中為了避免重復(fù)，省去與前面出現(xiàn)的相同部分，只保留to，但如果在省略的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中含有be，have,have

been時(shí)，要保留這些詞。–Are

you

goingthere?–Yes,

I’dlike

to.(go

there).即學(xué)即用–Are

youanengineer?

–

No,

but

I

wantto

.be.–He

hasn’t

finished

the

task

yet.–Well,

he

oughtto

.have.（四） 不定式中的省略18I

saw

her

(to)go

into

the

classroom

just

now.She

was

seento

go

into

the

classroom

just

now.一感，二聽，三讓，四看+賓語+賓補(bǔ)（do）feelhearlisten

tolethavemakeseewatchnoticeobserve2.使役動(dòng)詞及感官動(dòng)詞后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式一定要省去to,但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中須將to復(fù)原。Exercises

aboutEllipsis.20當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)I.

改寫句子 （使用省略手段避免下面各句重復(fù)與冗贅）John

worked

hard

but

his

brother

did

not

workhard.It

is

well

done.---I

haven’t

finished

the

homework

yet.---

Well,

you

ought

to

have

finished

thehomework.You

must

not

be

late

and

you

must

not

be

absent.If

it

is

necessary,

we

will

finish

it

ahead

of

time.While

he

was

doing

so,

he

trembled

alittle.

He

said

that

he

wouldn't

go

shopping

and

that

hewould

go

swimming

instead.This

is

the

book

that

I

bought

yesterday.二、翻譯必要的時(shí)候我會(huì)向你求助的。When

necessary,

I

will

turn

to

you

forhelp.有可能的話，我會(huì)參加會(huì)議的。If

possible,

I

will

attend

the

meeting.當(dāng)在中國(guó)工作時(shí)，Peter交了很多朋友。While

working

in

China,

Peter

made

manyfriends.一旦被專家教過，這個(gè)女孩將會(huì)很快提高英語。Once

taught

by

the

expert,

the

girl

will

improveher

English

quickly.Here

is

an

interesting

conversation

between

MrGreenand

his

good

friend

Mr

Smith,

a

f