摘要：基于虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)(virtualsynchronousgenerator，VSG)控制的光伏預(yù)同步過程中會產(chǎn)生較大頻率的波動。為此，提出了一種針對自適應(yīng)模型預(yù)測控制(adaptive-modelpredictivecontrol，A-MPC)方法，在采用更為精確的模型預(yù)測控制(modelSmoothGrid-connectedWANGKairang1,ZHAOYiming1,MEN(1.StateGridJibeiElectricPowercalPowerSystemwithRenewableEnergySourcAbstract：Thephotovoltaic-storageunitbasedonvirtuandgrid-connectedmocurrentinrushproblemduetothepoortraditiofrequencyandthephaseangle,alargefrequencyfluctuationwilloccurduthispaperproposesanadaptive-modelpredcontrol(MPC)strategy,thefrequencyvariatcientoftheMPCadaptively.Thepthepre-synchronizationprocessandthemodeswitchingprocess.FprocesscanbelimitedwhenadoptingtheproposedcKeywords：photovoltaic-storageunit;VSG;smoothgridconnection;fr可通過配備儲能裝置組成光儲單元實現(xiàn)協(xié)同出力[4-5]，并采用虛擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)(vir832保證系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運行。針對平滑并網(wǎng)，文獻(xiàn)[10]采用U/f(電壓/頻率)控制和P/Q(有功/無功)控制切換時仍然可能會因預(yù)同步存在誤差而產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的電模型預(yù)測控制(modelpredictivecontro功輸入增量來進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。文獻(xiàn)[20]進(jìn)一步構(gòu)建了轉(zhuǎn)本文以含光伏-蓄電池發(fā)電單元的5端系統(tǒng)為(|2H(|2H=Φ=Φ|ldtFig.1Systemtopolog王開讓，趙一名，孟建輝，等：基于自適應(yīng)模型預(yù)測控制的光儲虛擬同步機(jī)平滑并網(wǎng)策略833UUU為模擬同步發(fā)電機(jī)的一次調(diào)頻特性，在VSG控制中加入有功?頻率下垂控制方程，同時引入積Pm=PΔωΔP=ω02Hs2+(D+mω)s+kiωω本文中，VSG的調(diào)壓部分采用自動電壓調(diào)節(jié)=2ωMfifsin?=2ωMfifsin(??)=2ωMfifsin(??)if=(U0?2.1基于A-MPC的有功-頻率控制Fig.2VSGoverallcoFig.3Theproposedac834ΔΔω′(k+3|k)=(9)2BdΔPe(k)2H=??D(ω?ω0)輸入矩陣、擾動矩陣和輸出矩陣；ω′=ω?ω0，Δω′將系統(tǒng)離散化后，需要預(yù)測未來p個周期內(nèi)系設(shè)p=m=3，當(dāng)前時刻為k，可以預(yù)測k+1—k+3?Δω(k+2|k)=AΔω(k)+ABuΔPm(k)+?Δω(k+2|k)=AΔω(k)+ABuΔPm(k)+c(k+1|k)=CcΔω′(k+1|k)+yc(k)c(k+2|k)=CcΔω′(k+cY(k+1|k)=SxΔω′(k)+SuΔPM(k)+ΔPM=[ΔPm(k)ΔPm(kSx=[AA2+AA3+A2+A]T(13)?Bu00?Su=?ABu+BuBu0?(14)2Bu+ABu+BuABu+BuBu??Sd=BdABd+BdA2Bd+ABd+BdTSd=Bd?(k+1)-?(k)T?(k+1)-?(k)TsJm=(?(k+i|k)??g(k+i))2+2Γωi(i=1,2,3)王開讓，趙一名，孟建輝，等：基于自適應(yīng)模型預(yù)測控制的光儲虛擬同步機(jī)平滑并網(wǎng)策略835數(shù)函數(shù)更加符合預(yù)同步過程中對角頻率的調(diào)節(jié)需ΓmYmYuΔPM(k)≥聯(lián)立式(21)—式(23)求得最優(yōu)解ΔPM(k)，并取Fig.4A-MPCcontrollerflowchartFig.5Hardware-in-83651加權(quán)系數(shù)初值kΓ本一致，經(jīng)過綜合考量，本文選定改進(jìn)加權(quán)系數(shù)位預(yù)同步出現(xiàn)超調(diào)。與PI控制對比，本文所提Fig.6InfluenceofweightingcoefficFig.7ComparisonofA-MPCandPIA-MPC策略在頻率預(yù)同步方面有較小的頻率偏移王開讓，趙一名，孟建輝，等：基于自適應(yīng)模型預(yù)測控制的光儲虛擬同步機(jī)平滑并網(wǎng)策略837Fig.8ComparisonofA-MPC,MPCandP頻率都會先下降再恢復(fù)，PI控制的Fig.9Frequencywaveformsofislanded838Fig.10VoltagewavFig.11Currentwaveform文所提基于A-MPC的平滑切換策略在A-MPC預(yù)同F(xiàn)ig.12PowerwaveformsoftheVSGsidewhe1）提出了一種依據(jù)頻率變化量自適應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)的過程的電壓電流沖擊，提高了并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)運行的穩(wěn)revolution[J].Engineering,2020[2]文勁宇.高滲透率新能源電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃與調(diào)控關(guān)鍵技術(shù)[J].電力工程WENJinyu.Keytechnologiesforplanningandregulat王開讓，趙一名，孟建輝，等：基于自適應(yīng)模型預(yù)測控制的光儲虛擬同步機(jī)平滑并網(wǎng)策略839LIQingmin,YUWanshui,Zoperationofwindandsolthe“PeakCO2EmissionsandCarbonNeuttionofopticalstoragesystembasedonvirtualivirtualdcgenerator-basedcontrolstrategy[8]徐政.電力系統(tǒng)廣義同步穩(wěn)定性的物理機(jī)理與研究途徑[J].電XUZheng.PhysicalmechanismandrestionEquipment,2020,40(9YUANXiaodong,LOUGuannan,strategyforESgrid-connectedinvercontrolandseamlesstransfercontrolmethodofthrTransactionsoftheChineseSocietyofEleagecontrolmethodforactivedierators[J].AutomationofElectricPowerSystems,201chronousinvertersusingsynchroniziregulationstrategyofmigenerators[J].IEEEteristicoffrequencyforisolatedmicrogridPowerSystems,2018,42(3)LIShuaihu,XIANGLizhen,XIANG