人教版（2019）選擇性必修三Unit4AdversityandCourageReadingandThinkingExplorethespiritofadventure

LearningobjectivesBytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:readaboutShackleton’sAntarcticexpedition;figureouttheimportanteventsthathappenedduringtheexpeditionandunderstandtheadversitytheyfaced;summarizetheauthor’sfeelingschanged;inferthecharacters’traitsandemotionsaccordingtotheirwordsandactions.本單元的引言來(lái)自英國(guó)著名作家塞繆爾·約翰遜。該引言與我國(guó)荀子《勸學(xué)》中的“鍥而不舍，金石可鏤”具有異曲同工之妙，都是在啟發(fā)人們：只有堅(jiān)持不懈地努力，才能把事情做成功。Greatworksareperformednotbystrength,butperseverance.—SamuelJohnson偉大的作品不是靠力量，而是靠堅(jiān)持來(lái)完成的?！姞枴ぜs翰遜perseverancecontinuedeffortanddeterminationn.毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神Lead-inLookanddiscuss.Whathappenedtotheshipinthephoto?Howwouldyoufeelandwhatwouldyoudoifyouwereonthisship?SuggestedAnswersConditionsRequirementsAreyouqualified?smallwagesnotcaremuchaboutmoneybittercoldaccustomedtotheextremeweatherconditions,healthylongmonthsofcompletedarknessshowperseverance,notafraidoflonelinessconstantdangerhavecourage,cooperatewithothers,beexperiencedsafereturnuncertainbeoptimistic,bepositiveReadthisadvertisementthatwaspostedbyafamousBritishexplorer,andthinkaboutwhetheryouarequalifiedornot.Pre-readingReadthisadvertisementagainanddiscussthequestionswithyourgroupmembers.Accordingtotheadvertisement,whatkindofmenwasErnestShackletonlookingfor?Wouldyouliketojoinanexpeditionlikethis?Whyorwhynot?Yes,I’dliketo.BecauseIlikeadventureandchallenges.While-reading

BasicinformationabouttheexpeditionTimeDestinationLeaderTheauthor’snameTheship→→ToAntarcticaSirErnestShackletonPerceBlackborowEnduranceSkimming:Readthetitleandthetextquickly.Findoutthebasicinformationandthemainideaofeachdairy.（點(diǎn)擊此處播放音頻）Skimming:Readthetitleandthetextquickly.Findoutthebasicinformationandthemainideaofeachdairy.（點(diǎn)擊此處播放音頻）ThefirstdiaryisabouthowtheauthorjoinedtheEnduranceexpedition/becameacrewmemberonEndurance.TheseconddiaryisabouthowShackletonandhiscrewabandonedtheshipEndurance.Thethirddiarymainlydescribesthecrewmembers’lifeonElephantIsland.Scanning:ReadthefirstdairyandfindouthowBlackborowcametojointheexpedition.theadvertisementabouttheexpedition.boughtanewspaperandread

wasturneddownbyShackletonbecausehewastooyoungandnotqualified.secretlywentaboardEndurance,buthewasdiscoveredwasassignedtobeastewardandservemealsforthecrewBlackborowtriedtojointheexpeditionbyapplyingbutwasrejectedforlackofexperience.So,hehidontheshipandwaslaterdiscovered.Shackletonlethimhaveajobratherthanturnback.SuggestedAnswerScanning:Readthesecondandthirddairyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.WhathappenedtoEndurance?Whatdidthecrewmembershavetodo?EndurancegotstuckiniceasitapproachedAntarctica.Theshipgotcrushedandthecrewhadtoabandonit.Thecrewhadtocollectessentialsuppliesandcampontheice.2.WhatdidShackletondotomakesuretheycouldsurvive?Shackletonmadesuretheysurvivedbyleavingwithafewmentofindhelp.Itwastoodangerousforallthementogo.Whatdothehighlightedwordsmean?Useyourownwordstoexplainthem.vigourturn...downcrushkeepourspiritsupmiserablecosyhealthandenergyrejectorrefusesomethingorsomeonetobesqueezeduntildamagedstaypositiveusuallyinabadsituationReadthetextagainanddiscussthequestionswithyourpartner.1.HowdidBlackborow’sfeelingsaboutbeingontheexpeditionchangeasthedayspassed?OccasionsBlackborow’sfeelingsAfterhereadtheadvertisementabouttheexpeditionAfterhisapplicationwasturneddownAfterhebecameastewardonboardWhenEndurancesankBeforethecrewsettledonElephantIslandAfterShackletonlefttofindhelpWhenhethoughtaboutthelivingconditionsontheislandWhenhishappymemorieswereinterruptedbycoldairAfterFrankWildrepliedtohimexcited,happy,fullofexpectationsenthusiastic,determinedsatisfied,excited,hopefulworried,terrified,panicalittlecalm,notimetopanicworried,uncertainlow,miserableangry,impatientgrateful2.WhatpersonalqualitiesdidShackleton,Wild,andBlackborowexhibit?Findexamplesfromthetexttosupportyouranswers.Readthetextagainanddiscussthequestionswithyourpartner.ErnestShackletonshowedkindnesswhenheallowedBlackborowtostayontheshipandgavehimajob.Heshowedcalmnesswhenheaskedthecrewtocollectessentials.Heshowedhewasnotselfishwhenhelefthisgoldbehind,

butshowedhewasthinkingofothers’feelingsbyallowingHusseytokeephisbanjo.Heshowedgreatbraverybysettingofftofindhelpfortherestofthecrew.FrankWildwasshowntobekindwhenhetriedtoliftBlackborow’sspirits.PerceBlackborowwasenthusiasticatfirst,

makingsurehegotontheexpedition.

Althoughhefeltlowlater,hetriedtothinkaboutbetterthings,showingagainhispositivecharacter.Criticalthinking:Whyisthetitlecalled“ASuccessfulFailure”?DuringtheexpeditiontoAntarcticatheEndurancebecamestuckintheiceandcrushedandsank,whichmade

afailure.

FailureInspiredbyShackleton,thecrewdidn’tgiveupbutpersevered,tryingtheirbesttostayoptimistic,whichwas

agreatsuccess.SuccessfulPost-readingImagineyouarePerceBlackborow.Writeamessageinabottletoexplainyoursituationandaskforhelp.Help!MyshipmatesandIaretrappedonElephantIsland,nearSouthGeorgiaIsland.Wehavenodecentplacetosleepandalmostnofoodandwater.Pleasesendhelpassoonaspossible!Yoursfaithfully,PerceBlackborowoftheSirErnestShackletonexpeditiontotheSouthPoleSuggestedWritingWordsandExpressions

Greatworksareperformednotbystrength,butperseverance.(P37)

偉大的作品不是靠力量，而是靠堅(jiān)持來(lái)完成的。perseverance

/?p??s??v??r?ns/

n.

毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神拓展persevere

/?p??s??v??(r)/

vi.

堅(jiān)持；孜孜以求perseverein(doing)sth

堅(jiān)持做某事perseverewithsth

孜孜不倦地做某事例句Youhavetoperseverewithdifficultstudents.

對(duì)難教的學(xué)生你必須堅(jiān)持誨人不倦的精神。Despiteanumberofsetbacks,theyperseveredintheirattemptstoflyaroundtheworldinahot-airballoon.

雖然屢遭挫折，他們?nèi)圆粩鄧L試乘熱氣球環(huán)游世界。1

However,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,Shackleton

turnedme

down

becausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn’tqualified.(P38)

然而，當(dāng)我申請(qǐng)參加這次探險(xiǎn)時(shí)，沙克爾頓卻拒絕了我，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為我太年輕，

不具備資格。turnsb

down

拒絕某人例句Iappliedforthejobbuttheyturnedmedown.

我申請(qǐng)那份工作，但他們拒絕了我。拓展2turndown拒絕；把……調(diào)低，關(guān)小turnin上交；交還turnup到達(dá)，露面；偶然出現(xiàn)，調(diào)高（音量等）turnout結(jié)果是；生產(chǎn)；出席（某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)），在場(chǎng)turnon打開（電流、煤氣、水等）turnoff關(guān)掉（電燈、電視等）turnback（使）折回，往回走

However,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,Shackleton

turnedme

down

becausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn’tqualified.(P38)

然而，當(dāng)我申請(qǐng)參加這次探險(xiǎn)時(shí)，沙克爾頓卻拒絕了我，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為我太年輕,

不具備資格。qualified

/?kw?l?fa?d/

adj.

符合資格；具備……的知識(shí)（或技能、學(xué)歷等）搭配bequalifiedtodosth

有資格做某事

bequalifiedfor...

符合……的條件例句Hetookallkindsofteststoprovehewasqualifiedforthisimportanttask.

他做了各種測(cè)試來(lái)證明他完全能勝任這項(xiàng)重要的任務(wù)。Heisnotyetanadult,soheisn’t

qualifiedtovote.

他還沒(méi)有成年，所以沒(méi)有資格投票。3拓展qualify

vi.合格，取得資格（或?qū)W歷）

vt.使合格，使具備資格qualifyfor...

取得……資格 qualifysbfor...

使某人能勝任……qualifysbtodo...

使某人有資格做……

qualification

n.[C]資格，資歷；學(xué)歷have(no)qualificationsfor(doing)sth/todosth

（沒(méi)）有（做）……的資格例句Thetestwillqualifyyoutodriveheavyvehicles.

通過(guò)這項(xiàng)考試你就有資格駕駛重型車輛。Membershipqualifiesyouforadiscountonpurchases.

會(huì)員購(gòu)買可以享受優(yōu)惠。AvictoryinthisgamewillearnthemqualificationfortheWorldCup.

這場(chǎng)比賽的勝利將使他們?nèi)〉檬澜绫膮①愘Y格。

ButIwasso

enthusiastic

abouttheideaofgoingalongwiththemthatIsecretlywent

aboard

hisship,theEndurance,andhidinasmall

cupboard.(P38)

但是，滿懷著想要與他們同赴南極的熱情，我偷偷地爬上了他的“堅(jiān)忍號(hào)”輪船，躲在一個(gè)小櫥柜里。enthusiastic

/?n?θju?z???st?k/

adj.

熱情的；熱心的搭配beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth

對(duì)（做）某事熱心/感興趣例句HewassoenthusiasticaboutlearningChineseandaftersixmonths,hecouldspeakitfluently.

他對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)中文十分感興趣。六個(gè)月后，他的中文說(shuō)得相當(dāng)流利。拓展enthusiasmn.[U]熱情，熱心，熱忱 enthusiasticallyadv.熱情地4

He

assigned

metobeasteward...(P38)

他指派我擔(dān)任服務(wù)員……assign

/??sa?n/

vt.

分派；布置；分配搭配assignsbsth=assignsthtosb

分配給某人某物

assignsbtodosth

指派某人做某事assignsbtosth

指派某人做某一項(xiàng)工作

assignsbassth

指派某人任某一職務(wù)例句Theteacherhasassignedeachofusaholidaytask.

老師給我們每個(gè)人都分配了假期的任務(wù)。They’veassignedthebestmantodo

thejob.

他們指派了最優(yōu)秀的人做這項(xiàng)工作。拓展assignment

n.[C,U]（分派的）工作，任務(wù)；[U]（工作等的）分派，布置5

Beforewe

abandoned

theship,...(P38)

在我們棄船之前，……abandon

/??b?nd?n/

vt.

舍棄；拋棄；放棄例句Ourcarbrokedownhalfway.Wehadtoabandonourcarandwalktherestoftheway.

我們的車半路拋錨了。我們只好棄車，走完剩下的路。拓