新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters

ReadingforWriting

Whatdamagecanitcause?

Itcancrashovereverythinginitsway,buildingsandevenawholecity.Besides,itcancausemanydeathstoo.

Lookatthepictureandtitle,inferthetypeofthetextandpredictwhatthetextmainlyabout.

Pre-reading：predictionItisanewsreport.Itmightbeaboutthebigdamagethetsunamicaused.Whatistheformatofthenewsreport?nameofthenewspaperheadlinebylinen.標(biāo)題下署名之行TitleDateLeadBodyEndLet’slearnaboutthestructureofatypicalnewsreport.ReporterPara.1

Para.2Para.3A.Thousandsofpeoplewerekilled,hurtormissinginAsia.

B.Thenumberofdeathsisexpectedtogrowandthedamagecausedbythetsunamimakesitdifficultforrescueworkerstohelpthesurvivors.C.Atsunamikilledmorethan6,500peopleinAsia.FastReadingMatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.CarefulReading1.Readthenewsreportreleasedthedayafteratsunamiandanswerthequestions.(1).Whendidthetsunamihappen?A.OnFriday,24December2004.B.OnSaturday,25December2004.C.OnSunday,26December2004.D.OnMonday,27December2004.(2).Whichofthefollowingcountrieshasreportedthemostdeaths?A.India.B.SriLanka.C.Thailand. D.Indonesia.(3).Whatcausedthetsunamiinthisnews?(4)Whywoulditbedifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies?187024981900254Byastrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.Dangerousconditionsanddamagedroads.2.Readthesummaryofthenewsreport.Checkthemainpointsitincludes.P55dateeventfollowingeventstimecauseplaceeffectdateOn26December2004,atsunamikilledmorethan6,500tourists,fishermenandmanyotherlocalsinSoutheastAsia.Thousandsofpeoplearemissingandthenumberofdeathsisexpectedtogrow.Thedamagecausedbythetsunamiismakingitdifficultforrescueworkerstohelpthesurvivors.placeeventcauseofthedamageeffect2.Readthesummaryofthenewsreport.Checkthemainpointsitincludes.P55Readthesummaryofthenewsreport.Checkthemainpointsitincludes.

On26December2004,atsunamikilledmorethan6,500tourists,fishermenandotherlocalsinSoutheastAsia.Thousandsofpeoplearemissingandthenumberofdeathsisexpectedtogrow.Thedamagecausedbythetsunamiismakingitdifficultforrescueworkerstohelpthesurvivors.datecausefollowingeventseventeffectplacetimeMainPoints:1)Writealistofthemaindetails.2)Writedownthemainideaofeachparagraph

based

onthedetailsabove.3)Organisetheideasanddraftyoursummary.3.Followthestepsbelowtowriteasummaryforthetext

onpage50.1.Strangethingshappenedinthecountrysidebeforetheearthquake.2.Anearthquakehit_______________Chinaon28July1976.3.____________________________________________________________4.____________________________________________________________5.____________________________________________________________6.____________________________________________________________

Tangshan

Morethan400,000peoplewerekilledorbadlyinjured.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.Soldiersandmedicalworkerscametohelpthepeople.(1)Readthetextandwritealistofthemaindetails.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.Para.1___________________________________________________________Para.2___________________________________________________________Para.3___________________________________________________________Para.4___________________________________________________________Para.5____________________________________________________Thegovernment'ssupportandpeople'seffortmakesanewTangshan.StrangethingshappenedinthecountrysideofHebei,China.AstrongearthquakehitTangshanandmanypeoplewerekilledorinjured.Thecitywasgreatlyaffectedandnearlydestroyed.Therescueworkbegansoonafterthequakes.(2)Writedownthemainideaofeachparagraphbasedonthedetailsabove.WhoWhatWhereWhenWhy（3）TheelementsofnewsinthepassageMorethan

peoplewerekilled.Apowerful

crashed.alongthecoastlinesacross.

,26Decembercausedbyapowerful

.6,500tsunamiAsiaSundayearthquakeSummary2.Whataretheelementsofnews?WhennewsWhenWhereWhyWhoWhat1.Anewsreportabout

.TsunamiPostReading例：昨晚他十多歲的兒子把他家的車撞壞了。Histeenageson___________________lastnight.

crashv.碰撞，撞擊Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,...1昨日，40年來(lái)最強(qiáng)烈的地震引發(fā)海嘯，重創(chuàng)亞洲沿海地帶。crashedthefamilycarGuessing:whatareothermeaningsof“crash”?1.Listentothethundercrash.2.Hiscompanycrashedlastyear.3.ThePCjustcrashed.n.撞擊聲，爆裂聲v.垮臺(tái)，破產(chǎn)v.（電腦）死機(jī)

Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40years

causedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,killingmorethan6500peopleinIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfourothercountries.◎▲過(guò)去40年來(lái)最強(qiáng)烈的地震引發(fā)的海嘯昨天襲擊了亞洲的海岸線，造成印度尼西亞、印度、泰國(guó)、馬來(lái)西亞和至少四個(gè)其他國(guó)家的6500多人死亡。caused...,doing做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)仿寫：連續(xù)強(qiáng)降雨引發(fā)河南中北部，尤其鄭州市特大洪災(zāi)，導(dǎo)致鄭州，新鄉(xiāng)和平頂山等市302人死亡。ContinuousheavyraincausedmajorfloodsincentralandnorthernHenan,especiallyZhengZhou,

killing302peopleinthecitiesofZhengzhou,XinxiangandPingdingshan.sweepaway消滅；徹底消除sweepv.打掃；清掃sweeping-swept-sweptsweepoff拂去，掃去sweepthrough

傳遍Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.2漁民、游客、旅館、房屋和汽車都被9.0級(jí)的強(qiáng)震所引發(fā)的巨浪卷走。例：1.我拂去一塊墓碑平頂上的雨水。I_____rainwater___theflattopofagravestone.2.一場(chǎng)流感正在莫斯科迅速傳播。Afluepidemicis___________________Moscow.sweptoffsweepingthrough20Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongcarthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.besweptawaybycausedby被引起的...沖走了◎

漁民、游客、酒店、住宅和汽車都被9.0級(jí)強(qiáng)烈地震引起的巨浪卷走了。仿寫：汽車甚至有些人都被大暴雨引起的洪水沖走了。Carsandevensomepeopleweresweptawaybythefloodcausedbytheheavyrain.standat達(dá)（到）特定水平（或數(shù)量、高度等）...thenumberofdeathsstoodat2,498,andonemillionmorewereaffectedbythetsunami,governmentofficialssaid.3例:1.銀行利率為3%。

___________________________.Interestratesstandat3%affectv.影響；感染affecting-affected-affected例：七百多萬(wàn)多人受到了干旱的影響。Morethansevenmillionpeople___________________bydrought.havebeenaffected【拓展】affect/effect辨析例:1.Largedosesofartificialsweetenersmayhaveanadverse_________onpeople.effect2.IfJimhadbeenmoreindependent,thedivorcewouldnot___________________himasdeeply.共同點(diǎn)：兩者都可以表示“影響”。不同點(diǎn)：affectv.著重影響的動(dòng)作；

effectn.affect=haveaneffectonhaveaffected23InSriLanka,some1,600kilometreswestofthequakecentre,thenumberofdeathsstoodat2,498,andonemillionmorewereaffectedbythetsunami,governmentofficialssaid.政府官員說(shuō)，在距離地震中心以西約1600公里的斯里蘭卡，死亡人數(shù)為2498人，另有100萬(wàn)人受到海嘯的影響。3.thenumberof...stoodat...,andwereaffectedby◎仿寫：死亡失蹤398人、受災(zāi)人數(shù)達(dá)1478.6萬(wàn)人。Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledormissingstoodat398and14,786,000wereaffected.24Another254werefounddeadinThailandand54inthreeothercountries.4.befound+形容詞

◎

另有254人在泰國(guó)被發(fā)現(xiàn)死亡，54人在其他三個(gè)國(guó)家被發(fā)現(xiàn)死亡。/doing/done/介詞+名詞等仿寫：39人被發(fā)現(xiàn)在地下室或者車庫(kù)死亡，還有14人在地鐵線遇難。39peoplewerefounddeadinthebasementorgarageand14inthesubway.25Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.Wehadtoleaveeverythingandruntosafety我正在和我的三個(gè)孩子吃早餐，這時(shí)家里開始進(jìn)水。我們不得不放下一切，跑到安全的地方.5.was/weredoing...when正在...，這時(shí)突然...◎Thousandsofpeoplearestillmissing,andthenumberofdeathsis

expectedtogrowevenhigheroverthenextfewdays.6.thenumberof...isexpectedto.....人數(shù)預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)...

◎

成千上萬(wàn)的人仍然失蹤，死亡人數(shù)預(yù)計(jì)在未來(lái)幾天還會(huì)增加.26Foreignaidisbeingorganisedforthetsunami-hitcountries.正在為海嘯受災(zāi)國(guó)家組織國(guó)際救援。7.bebeingdone正在被...◎8.makeit+形容詞+todosth◎However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliver

foodandsupplies.然而，危險(xiǎn)的條件和受損的道路將使運(yùn)送食物和供應(yīng)品很困難。如何寫概要寫作？一、題型特點(diǎn)概要是一篇較長(zhǎng)文章本質(zhì)思想的簡(jiǎn)潔重述，它要求用盡量少的語(yǔ)言對(duì)原文的主旨進(jìn)行復(fù)述。概要寫作的閱讀材料詞數(shù)一般為300左右。寫作要求考生在對(duì)原文閱讀后根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫出一篇約60詞的內(nèi)容概要。概要所用語(yǔ)句既要用詞準(zhǔn)確，結(jié)構(gòu)合理，語(yǔ)義連貫，不得抄寫原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。

Pre-writing[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]《考試說(shuō)明》中規(guī)定概要寫作閱卷時(shí)按5個(gè)檔次給分，其中最高檔次第五檔(21-25

points)的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：1.理解準(zhǔn)確，涵蓋全部要點(diǎn)；2.能準(zhǔn)確使用相應(yīng)的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯；3.完全使用自己的語(yǔ)言；4.有效使用了語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，使完成的概要結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。

Pre-writing二、注意事項(xiàng)1.詞數(shù)要限制在60詞左右，上下不得超過(guò)10個(gè)單詞。2.要根據(jù)文章的體裁特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行概要寫作。3.人稱和時(shí)態(tài)要與所給文章中的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，但必要時(shí)也可變換成第三人稱。4.寫作時(shí)盡可能地使用復(fù)合句，必要時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換詞性，不得完全照搬照抄原文。

如何寫概要寫作？Pre-writing[寫作步驟]1.定位——查找核心信息

通過(guò)閱讀定位語(yǔ)篇的核心信息，包括核心單詞，核心短語(yǔ)和核心句子。(句子為主，以單詞和短語(yǔ)為輔)2.改寫——用自己的語(yǔ)言改寫信息

在核心信息的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言表達(dá)形式的改寫，對(duì)原文的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)形式盡可能實(shí)現(xiàn)大規(guī)模的改變。改寫過(guò)程中，原則上字?jǐn)?shù)不超過(guò)原句，不改變?cè)牡倪壿嫿Y(jié)構(gòu)，充分考慮語(yǔ)句壓縮。Pre-writing3.核查——添加關(guān)聯(lián)詞，檢查句子的連貫性

核查句子的連貫性。核查標(biāo)點(diǎn)、語(yǔ)法、連接詞及字?jǐn)?shù)，優(yōu)先考慮使用

較短的連接詞，如：but,then,later等。Pre-writingPre-writingwriteasummaryforthetextonpage50.StepI.Readthetextandwritealistofthemaindetails.◎Strangethingshappenedinthecountrysidebeforetheearthquake;◎Anearthquakehit_________Chinaon28July1976;◎________________________________________________________________________◎________________________________________________________________________◎____________________________________________________________________________________◎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TangshanThenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000;Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed;Soldiersandmedica