不定式用法總結(jié)判斷句子對(duì)錯(cuò)。Toseeistoblieve.Dohomeworkisveryboring.Playingcomputergamesisveryexciting.Beingascientistisalwaysherdream.Seeyounextweek.IforgetclosethedoorsoIreturnedagain.Stoptellinglies.Youmustforgettellingmeallaboutit.It’sgoingtorain.Don’tforgettotakeanumbrellawithyou.不定式的定義。Eg,Tohelpthepoorisalwaysherdream.Helpingothersfeelsgood.不定式基本形式是to+do.Eg,towalk,tohelp,etc.動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)詞+ing構(gòu)成。不定式的基本用法。不定式和動(dòng)名詞可以用作句子的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)。它們又被稱為“非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”，即它們?cè)诰渲惺遣荒艹洚?dāng)謂語(yǔ)的。Eg,用括號(hào)中的詞的正確形式填空。________helpsyoulearningEnglish.(read)________isimportant.(learn)________Englishisimportant.(1),Assubjectofasentence.作為句子主語(yǔ).Tosayisalwayseasierthantodo.Tostudyhardincresesyourchancetogotocollege.注意點(diǎn)：1,不定式做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用三單形式。Eg,Toeatlotsofdesserts(甜點(diǎn))isunhealthy.Todosportsmakesyouhealthier.2，動(dòng)名詞也可以做主語(yǔ)。兩者的區(qū)別在于動(dòng)名詞表示一種習(xí)慣性，重復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，更為具體，而不定式有將來(lái)，一次性的含義，較為抽象。也因?yàn)椴欢ㄊ接形窗l(fā)生的含義，如果表示過(guò)去已發(fā)生的事情，主語(yǔ)只能用動(dòng)名詞。Eg,TalkingtoyouwasthemoststupidthingIhavedone.3，不定式做主語(yǔ)常置于句末，而用it代替其作形式主語(yǔ)，避免句子頭重腳輕。Eg,Tofeedtheanimalsismyjob.It’smyjobtofeedtheanimals.It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.=Learningaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.It’sdifficultforustofinishthework.It’shardformetoansweryourquestion.It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.It’sfoolishofhimtogooutalone.Itis+adj+for/ofsbtodosth.若形容詞指人，則用of,若形容詞指物，則用for。練習(xí)：()1,_________toanothercitywasahardchoiceforher.A,MoveB,TomoveC,Moving()2,It’snecessary_________someEnglishgrammer.A,forusstudentstolearnB,forwestudentstolearnC,ofusstudentstolearnD,ofourstudentslearning（2），作為句子表語(yǔ)。eg,Whatyoushoulddoistoleavehereatonce.Theproblemishowtodoit.不定式前可以加疑問(wèn)詞。（3），作為句子賓語(yǔ)，放于動(dòng)詞后面。Eg,Shewantstogotoamovie.Maryneedstotalkaboutherproblems.作為賓語(yǔ)的不定式用法，需要結(jié)合動(dòng)詞的固定搭配來(lái)記憶。有些動(dòng)詞只能跟不定式賓語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的有：want,decide,hope,agree,fail,wish等。Iwishtohaveapairofwings.Theyfailedtocatchthelastbusthismorning.2，有些動(dòng)詞只能接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，如finish,practice,enjoy,keep,bebusy等。Eg,Haveyoufinishedreadingthebook?3，有些動(dòng)詞即可以接不定式賓語(yǔ)，又可以接動(dòng)名詞賓語(yǔ)，兩者沒(méi)有明顯區(qū)別。如：liketodo/doing,begintodo/doing,starttodo/doingItstartstorain.=Itstartsraining.4，有些動(dòng)詞接不定式賓語(yǔ)和接動(dòng)名詞賓語(yǔ)則有明顯的意思上的區(qū)別：Stoptodo:停止一件事，去做另一件事情Stopdoingsth:停止正在做的事情Eg,Whentheteacherwalkedin,westoppedtalking.Whentheteacherwentout,westoppedtotalk.Forgettodo:忘記要做某事Forgetdoingsth:忘記做過(guò)某事Eg,Heforgettobringhishomeworktoclassagain.Heforgetturningoffthelights,sohereturnedandmadesure.他忘了自己已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈，所以他又回去確認(rèn)了一下。Trytodo:盡力做Trydoingsth:嘗試做Eg,I’mtryingtolearnEnglishwell.我決心（盡力）學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。Itriedknockingatthebackdoor,butnobodyanswered.我嘗試著敲了敲后門，但沒(méi)人回應(yīng)。Meantodosth:打算做，想做Meandoing:意味著YouknowwhatImeantosay.你知道我打算說(shuō)什么的。Givingupmeansfailingagain.放棄意味著又一次失敗了。Goontodo:繼續(xù)做另一件事，和之前做的事情不是同一件Goondoingsth:繼續(xù)做之前在做的事情練習(xí)：（）1，Myfatherissleepingsoundly,soItriedmybest__________anynoise.A,makenotB,tomakenotC,tomakeD,nottomake()2,Weagree_______herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.A,havingmetB,mettingC,tomeetD,tohavemet()3,—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.—Oh,Iforgot_______.A,turningitoffB,turnitoffC,toturnitoffD,havingturneditoff()4,Goon____theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.A,todoB,doingC,withD,tobedoing()5,Onmywayhome,Istopped________somefood.A,buyB,tobuyC,buyingD,bought（4），作為句子賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，即放在賓語(yǔ)后面充當(dāng)補(bǔ)充成分。Eg,Shewantsustoworkhard.Maryaskedhermothertobuyheracake.Tell,ask,want,order,teach,invite,wish,get,help等詞后面常接不定式做賓補(bǔ)，即v+sb+todo.如：Itellhimnottogotherebybus.Edison’smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.Whatdoyouwantmetodo?注意：其中help也可以用作helpsbdosth,兩者沒(méi)有明顯差異。Let,make,have通常后面加省略to的賓補(bǔ)。Eg,Pleaseletusfinishitourselves.Don’ttrytomakemecry.Hear,lookat,see,watch,find,feel,notice等感官動(dòng)詞賓補(bǔ)可以接doing或者do,加doing強(qiáng)調(diào)正在發(fā)生，加do強(qiáng)調(diào)全過(guò)程。Eg,Canyouhearsomeonesingingnextdoor?LastnightIheardsomeonesingallnight.練習(xí)：()1,Theteacheraskedus_________somuchnoise.A,don’tmakeB,notmakeC,notmakingD,nottomake()2,Thewokrerswantus_______togetherwiththem.A,workB,toworkC,workingD,worked()3,Theyknewherverywell,theyhadseenher_______upfromchildhood.A,growB,grewC,growingD,wasgrowing()4,Thesadmusicnearlymademe___.A,cryB,cryingC,tocryD,cried()5,Don’tletyourkids_____about.It’sdangeroushere.A,runB,turunC,runningD,ran()6,Myteacheradvises______alot,andsheadvisesus____atleasttwiceaweek.A,reading,readingB,toread,toreadC,reading,toreadD,toread,reading（5），作為定語(yǔ)放在名詞后。Eg,Iwantsomethingtoeat.我想要點(diǎn)吃的。Toeat修飾something,作為定語(yǔ)成分。Hiswishtobecomeanactorwaswellknown.他想成為演員的夢(mèng)想人盡皆知。（6），作為句子狀語(yǔ)。A,目的狀語(yǔ)(表示目的)Eg,Icometoseeyou.Herunsfasttogetthereintime.Weraisedalotofmoneytohelpthesepoorchildren.注：此時(shí)不定式也可以放在句子前面。如：Togetthereintime,herunsfast.B,原因狀語(yǔ):放在sorry,glad,surprised,disappointed,excited等詞后面。Eg,I’mgladtoseeyouhere.因?yàn)樵谶@里見(jiàn)到你我很高興。I’msorrytotroubleyou.C,結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)Eg,Someapplesintreearehardtoreach.樹(shù)上有些蘋果夠不著。Theroomislargeenoughtohold100people.這個(gè)房間足夠大來(lái)容納一百個(gè)人。Wearrived,onlytofindnoonethere.我們到了之后，結(jié)果只發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)人在那里。(onlytodo…是一個(gè)固定搭配，通常表示一個(gè)結(jié)果)練習(xí)：()1,Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only______thefilmshadleft.A,totellB,tobetoldC,tellingD,told()2,Shemadeacandle_______uslight.A,giveB,gaveC,togiveD,given()3,Iwassurprised_______soquickly.A,watchinghimtoeatB,watchhimeatC,watchinghiseatD,towatchhimeat()4,Iwenttothepostoffice___someletterstomyfriends.A,forsendingB,sendC,tosendD,sending()5,Thisfamouscityisaverypleasantplace__________.A,tovisitB,tovisitinC,tobevisitD,tovisitit()6,Thechairlooksveryold,butinfactitisverycomfortableto______.A,sitB,sitonC,besatD,besaton不定式中重要的固定搭配。onlytodo…翻譯下列句子：Hehurriedbacktohishouse,onlytofindthatitwasempty.Shesurvivedtheaircrash,onlytodieinthedesert.（aircrash飛機(jī)撞擊事故）Irantothestation,onlytoseetrainwasoutofthestation.Heenjoyedlaughingatothers,onlytofindhimselflaughedat.2,too+adj/adv+todo翻譯下列句子：Youaretooyoungtounderstand.Hewastoodrunktodrivehome.Theboxwastooheavyforhertocarry.3,…+adj+enough+todosth翻譯下列句子：Youareoldenoughtosupportyourself.Theiceisthickenoughtowalkon.練習(xí)：找出不定式充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑篢oselecttherightcolorsisimportantforbusiness._____________________MydreamistogotoBeijingUniversity(北京大學(xué)).___________________Westernbrides(新娘)choosetowearwhiteontheirweddings（婚禮）._________________Toattractmorecustomers,theypainttheirrestaurantred.___________________I