PAGEPAGE1四川省達州市2023-2024學年高二上學期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話,每段對話后有一個小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Bythelake.B.Athome.C.Inacar.2.WhyhappenedtoKelly?A.Shewasillathome.B.Hercomputercrashed.C.Shelostthecustomerinformation.3.What’swrongwithAmy?A.Shehasafever.B.Shehasaheadache.C.Shegotherforeheadburnt.4.WhowasbornonApril5th?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Thewoman’sbrother.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtospendtheirholiday.B.Whattheydidonholiday.C.Withwhomtospendtheirholiday.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話,回答第6至7題。6.Whathappenedtothewoman’ssuitcase?A.Itwasdamaged.B.Itgotlost.C.Itwasstolen.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Customerandshopowner.B.Touristandguide.C.Hotelguestandwaiter.聽下面一段材料,回答第8至9題。8.WhatdidJimdolastweek?A.Heorderedacake.B.Heboughtasuit.C.HeselectedadressforAnna.9.WhatwillthemanhelpAnnado?A.Bookthehotel.B.Sendoutinvitations.C.Choosesomeflowers.聽下面一段對話,回答第10至12題。10.HowdoesLaurafindhernewjob?A.Interesting.B.Tough.C.Boring.11.WhatdoesLaurasayabouthermanager?A.She’shelpful.B.She’sstrict.C.She’sinexperienced.12.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Playbasketball.B.Watchagame.C.Workovertime.聽下面一段對話,回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Reportingarace.C.Trainingaplayer.14.Whenwillthefinalracetakeplace?A.Intendays.B.Intwoweeks.C.Inamonth.15.WhatdoesDaviddecidetodonextyear?A.Practiceforagoldmedal.B.AttendtheOlympicGames.C.JoinYaleUniversity’sswimteam.16.WhatisAlan?A.Afootballplayer.B.Aswimmer.C.Acoach.聽下面一段獨白,回答第17至20題。17.Wheredoesthespeakercomefrom?A.Spain.B.France.C.England.18.Whydoesthespeakertravelaroundtheworld?A.Fortraining.B.Forsightseeing.C.Formatches.19.Whatpositiondoesthespeakerplay?A.Heisastriker.B.Heisagoalkeeper.C.Heisamidfielder.20.Whatresultistheteammorelikelytoachievenextyear?A.Thefirstplace.B.Thesecondplace.C.Thethirdplace.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。ASinger-songwriterswritesongs,buthowdotheydoit?Wheredomusiciansgettheirinspirationfrom?Whatcomesfirst—themusicorthelyrics(歌詞)?Itturnsoutthateveryonehastheirownwayofwritingwhichworksforthem.BobDylanHeisamusicianwithauniquemusicalstyle,whichhasbeendescribedasfolkrock,gospel,countryandjazz.HetoldtheBBCthathegetsalotofhiswritinginspirationfromnovelslikeDonQuixoteandRobinsonCrusoe.Hesaid“Theygiveyouawayoflookingatlifeandunderstandingofhumannatureandastandardtomeasurethingsby.”Hehashadacareerspanningsixdecadesandhaswonmanysongwritingawards.StephenSondheimStephenSondheim,amusicaltheatrecomposerwhodiedin2021,saidinaninterviewwithTheNewYorkerthat,whenitcomestosongwriting,thestressinaphraseisveryimportantforhim.“Youcanstartwritingalyric,andthentheinflection(變音)ofthelyricsuggestsatune.”Therefore,inhiswayofwriting,themusicandlyricscomeatroughlythesametime.TaylorSwiftIn2022,TaylorSwiftwonaSongwriter-ArtistoftheDecadeAward.Inherspeech,shesaidlyricsareherfavouritepartofsongwriting.Shedescribesthemajorityofhersongsashavinga“modernstorylineorreferences,withapoetictwist”andcommonlyusesreallifeexperiencesandconversationsasinfluence.JohnDenverDenverearnedinternationalreputationasasongwriter,performer,actor,environmentalistandhumanitarian.Johnsaid,“Iobtainendlessmusefrommyexperiencesinenvironmentalandhumanitarianwork.”Johnwasoneofthefirstartiststoshareanenvironmentalmessagethroughhismusic.1.WhattypeofmusicdoesStephenSondheimcompose?A.Folkrock. B.Musicalplay. C.Countrymusic. D.Jazz.2.Whosemusicconveysthemessageofnatureprotection?A.BobDylan’s. B.StephenSondheim’s. C.JohnDenver’s. D.TaylorSwift’s.3.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanthetextbefound?A.Culture. B.Art. C.Literature. D.Language.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文，主要介紹了鮑勃·迪倫、史蒂芬·桑德海姆、泰勒·斯威夫特、約翰·丹佛四位創(chuàng)作型歌手寫歌的獨特方式。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“StephenSondheim”下面的“StephenSondheim,amusicaltheatrecomposer”可知，史蒂芬·桑德海姆是一位音樂劇作曲者，他創(chuàng)作的音樂類型是音樂劇。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“JohnDenver”下面的“J Denverearnedinternationalreputationasasongwriter,performer,actor,environmentalistandhumanitarian.Johnsaid,“Iobtainendlessmusefrommyexperiencesinenvironmentalandhumanitarianwork.”Johnwasoneofthefirstartiststoshareanenvironmentalmessagethroughhismusic.(作為作曲家、表演者、演員、環(huán)保主義者和人道主義者，丹佛贏得了國際聲譽。約翰說:“我從環(huán)境和人道主義工作的經(jīng)歷中獲得了無盡的靈感。”約翰是最早通過他的音樂分享環(huán)境信息的藝術家之一。)”可知，約翰·丹佛的音樂里含有保護自然的信息。故選C?！?題詳析】文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Singer-songwriterswritesongs,buthowdotheydoit?(創(chuàng)作型歌手寫歌，但他們是怎么做到的？)”和“Itturnsoutthateveryonehastheirownwayofwritingwhichworksforthem.(事實證明，每個人都有自己的寫作方式。)”并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了鮑勃·迪倫、史蒂芬·桑德海姆、泰勒·斯威夫特、約翰·丹佛四位創(chuàng)作型歌手寫歌的獨特方式。本文與音樂有關，而音樂屬于藝術范疇，所以本文最有可能出自報紙的藝術模塊。故選B。B“THEY’REALLINTROUBLE,”saysKenyanecologistPaulaKahumbu.“Allelephantsareinmajor,majortrouble.”Populationsofthethreespecieshavedeclined:savanna(熱帶草原)elephantsforestelephantsandthesmaller-earedAsianelephants.Andwe’retoblame.We’veexpanded(擴張)intoelephantterritory,buildinghomesandroads,cuttingdownforestsandplantingcrops.Besides,withtheriseofpoaching(偷獵),thenumberofelephantshasdecreasedandbecamedangerouslylowinthepastfivedecades.“Poachingdoesn’tjustdestroyanimals,”saysKahumbu,“itgraduallyweakenssociety.”That’swhyherorganizationmonitoredpoachingcasesinKenyancourts,launchedacampaigncalledHandsOffOurElephantsandeducatedchildrenonthevalueofwildlife.Kahumbu’sgoalisnobleandurgent:tochange“thewholenationalawarenessaboutconservation.”Now,she’stakinghermessagetoaninternationalstagewithSecretsoftheElephants,afour-partseriesonNationalGeographic.Itexploresthehiddenlivesofelephantsinfourhabitats—Asia,plusAfricanforests,deserts,andsavannas—aswellasthepeoplewhoareracingtosavetheanimals.“Wekindofknowwhattheyneed,butwearen’talwaysgenerousenough.”SecretsoftheElephants,shehopes,willfamiliarizepeoplewiththewildlifethatlivesamongthem.Whilemakingtheseries,thedifficultsituationofsomeelephantsshockedher.“Youlookattheirfacesandtheylooksosad,”shesays.SheparticularlynoticedthisinAsia,whereAsianelephantsandpeopleliveinincreasinglyclosedistance.“DespitedecadesofresearchintoAfricanelephants,muchresearchintoAsianelephantshasfallenbehind—whichiswhyourprogrammeinthefollowingpageswillfocusonthisspecies,”sheadds.4.Whatdoesparagraph2focuson?A.Thefeaturesofthreespeciesofelephants. B.Thedifferentsituationsoftheelephants.C.Thecausesforthedecreaseoftheelephants. D.TheimpactofHumanbehaviorsonelephants.5.WhatdidKahumbudo?A.Shemonitoredpoachershuntingelephants. B.Shefilmedafeatureaboutelephants.C.Shestartedanationalwildlifeprotectionmovement. D.Shechangedpeople’sawarenessofwildlifeprotection.6.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheAsianelephants?A.Theyliketogetclosetohumans. B.Theyarealmostignoredbyexperts.C.Theyremainmysterioustohumans. D.Theyaregraduallylosingtheirhabitat.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Takeaction:StopPoaching B.Filmseries:SecretsoftheElephantsC.Kahumbu:ABraveKenyanEcologist D.Endangered:ThreeSpeciesofElephants〖答案〗4.D5.C6.D7.D【語篇解讀】本文是篇說明文。文章描述了三種大象數(shù)量急劇下降的現(xiàn)狀和原因，以及肯尼亞生態(tài)學家PaulaKahumbu的組織對保護大象所作的努力?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Populationsofthethreespecieshavedeclined:savanna(熱帶草原)elephantsforestelephantsandthesmaller-earedAsianelephants.”（這三種物種的數(shù)量已經(jīng)下降：熱帶草原象、森林象和小耳朵亞洲象。）和“Andwe’retoblame.”（我們應負責任。）和后面對人類行為的具體描述可知，本段主要在講述人類行為對大象產(chǎn)生的影響。故選D。【5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“That’swhyherorganizationmonitoredpoachingcasesinKenyancourts,launchedacampaigncalledHandsOffOurElephantsandeducatedchildrenonthevalueofwildlife.Kahumbu’sgoalisnobleandurgent:tochange“thewholenationalawarenessaboutconservation.”（這就是為什么她的組織在肯尼亞法院監(jiān)控偷獵案件，發(fā)起了一項名為“放開我們的大象”的運動，并教育孩子們了解野生動物的價值。Kahumbu的目標崇高而緊迫:改變“整個國家對環(huán)境保護的意識”。）可知，Kahumbu發(fā)起了一項全國的野生動物保護運動。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whilemakingtheseries,thedifficultsituationofsomeelephantsshockedher.“Youlookattheirfacesandtheylooksosad,”shesays.”（在拍攝這個系列的時候，一些大象的困境震驚了她?！澳憧纯此鼈兊哪槪鼈兛雌饋砗鼙瘋?，”她說。）和“SheparticularlynoticedthisinAsia,whereAsianelephantsandpeopleliveinincreasinglyclosedistance.”（她在亞洲特別注意到這一點，在那里，亞洲象和人的住的距離越來越近。）可知，大象正生活在困境當中，生活得很艱難、痛苦，亞洲的大象和人住的越來越近，說明大象的棲息地正逐漸被人類占領，它們也逐漸失去了自己的棲息地。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段““THEY’REALLINTROUBLE,”saysKenyanecologistPaulaKahumbu.“Allelephantsareinmajor,majortrouble.””（“它們都有麻煩了，”肯尼亞生態(tài)學家PaulaKahumbu說：“所有的大象都有很大的麻煩?！保┖偷诙巍癙opulationsofthethreespecieshavedeclined:savanna(熱帶草原)elephantsforestelephantsandthesmaller-earedAsianelephants.”（這三種物種的數(shù)量已經(jīng)下降：熱帶草原象、森林象和小耳朵亞洲象。）以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要描述了三種大象數(shù)量急劇下降、瀕臨滅絕的現(xiàn)狀和原因。故選D。CSendingachildtoaselectiveschool(精英學校)offersnobenefitiftheyarehigh-achievingatage11andmayevenputthematadisadvantage,accordingtoaresearchthatanalyzedalmosthalfamillionpupilsfromdifferenttypesofschools—selectives,non-selectives,comprehensiveschoolsandgrammarschools,includingareaswhereparentscouldchoosetheirdesiredschools.Theresearchfoundthatthehighestachieversatage11werelesslikelytoachievefivehighGCSEgradesiftheywenttoagrammarschoolthaniftheywenttoacomprehensiveschoolonceotherfactorsweretakenintoaccount.Theresearcherslookedatdataonalmost500,000pupilswhoattendedstateschoolsinEnglandandtookGCSEsin2016,beforethegradingsystemwaschangedtousenumbers.Itanalyzedtheirtestscoresatage11,aswellastheirsocialbackgrounds,ethnicities,specialeducationalneeds,genders(性別)andtheirbirthmonths.Besides,theyusedanalysismodelsthatlookedatresultsinthe36localauthoritieswithgrammarschoolsandthe116withonlycomprehensiveschools,aswellasareasthathadbothkinds.Theresearchersconcludedthat,oppositetopopularbelief,selectionisdamagingtohighperformers.Theysuggestedthatthiscouldbebecauseofthe“bigfishlittlepondeffect”andthatpupilsinselectiveschoolsmaybedemotivated(失去動力)byseeingthemselvesaslessableincomparisontotheirclassmates.Thepaperalsowarnedthatpupilswhodonotgetintogrammarschoolsmaysufferfromalackofrolemodels,asenseoffailureandahigherconcentrationofdisadvantagedpupilsintheirschools.Thestressofacompetitivesystemmayalsohaveanegativeeffectonperformance,theresearchersadded,ortheremaybewiderissuesthattheresearchcouldnotidentify.Expansionofgrammarschoolsandtheselectivesystemwasunlikelytoraisenationalacademicstandards,theresearcherssaid,butrecommendedfurtherstudiestoassessregionalimpact.8.Whatisthepurposeofwritingparagraph1?A.Toindicatepossibleviews. B.Toshowdifferencesbetweenschools.C.Togivebackgroundinformation. D.Tointroducetheresearchconclusion.9.Howdoestheauthordescribetheresearchers’workinparagraph3?A.Bygivingdata. B.Bysummarizingresults. C.Bylistingexamples. D.Byexplainingreasons.10.Whatisthepopularbeliefaboutselection?A.Itbenefitshighperformers. B.Itisunfairformoststudents.C.Itdiscouragesaveragestudents. D.Itpromotesdisadvantagedpupils.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheselectivesystem?A.Supportive. B.Uncaring. C.Doubtful. D.Objective.〖答案〗8.D9.A10.A11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了研究表明，如果孩子在11歲時表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異，把他們送進精英學校對他們沒有任何好處，甚至可能使他們處于不利地位?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Sendingachildtoaselectiveschool(精英學校)offersnobenefitiftheyarehigh-achievingatage11andmayevenputthematadisadvantage, accordingtoaresearchthatanalyzedalmosthalfamillionpupilsfromdifferenttypesofschools”（根據(jù)一項分析了來自不同類型學校的近50萬名學生的研究研究表明，如果孩子在11歲時表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異，把他們送到名牌學校并沒有任何好處，甚至可能會讓他們處于劣勢）和第二段“Theresearchfoundthat...”（這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)……）可知，第一段主要是為了引出研究的結(jié)論。故選D。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearcherslookedatdataonalmost500,000pupilswhoattendedstateschoolsinEnglandandtookGCSEsin2016,beforethegradingsystemwaschangedtousenumbers.”（研究人員研究了2016年英國公立學校近50萬名學生的數(shù)據(jù)，這些學生在評分系統(tǒng)改為使用數(shù)字之前參加了普通中等教育證書考試。）和“Besides,theyusedanalysismodelsthatlookedatresultsinthe36localauthoritieswithgrammarschoolsandthe116withonlycomprehensiveschools,aswellasareasthathadbothkinds.”（此外，他們還使用了分析模型，研究了36個有文法學校的地方政府和116個只有綜合學校的地方政府，以及兩種學校都有的地區(qū)的結(jié)果。）可知，在該段中，作者通過給出相關數(shù)據(jù)描述了研究者們的研究工作。故選A?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theresearchersconcludedthat,oppositetopopularbelief,selectionisdamagingtohighperformers.”（研究人員得出結(jié)論，與普遍看法相反，擇優(yōu)選拔正對表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異者造成傷害。）中的“oppositetopopularbelief”可知，普遍看法應該是擇優(yōu)選拔對表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異者有好處。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者主要介紹了一項研究表明如果孩子在11歲時表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異，把他們送進精英學校對他們沒有任何好處，甚至可能使他們處于不利地位。結(jié)合最后一段的“Thestressofacompetitivesystemmayalsohaveanegativeeffectonperformance,theresearchersadded,ortheremaybewiderissuesthattheresearchcouldnotidentify.”（研究人員補充說，一個競爭系統(tǒng)的壓力也可能對表現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生負面影響，或者可能存在研究未能確定的更廣泛的問題。）推知，作者對于選拔系統(tǒng)持懷疑態(tài)度。故選C。DThereisnodoubtthatartificialintelligence—orAI—hasbecomeanimportantpartofourlives.Itisnolongerjustathingofsciencefiction:it’sanincredibletechnologicalbreakthroughthathaschangedthewaywelive.ButtherearefearsthatAIhasbecometoointelligentandcouldbeathreattohumanity.Thisclaimmightsoundextreme,butalettersignedbymorethan1,000technologyexperts,includingTeslabossElonMusk,calledontheworldtopresspause(暫停)onthedevelopmentofmoreadvancedAIbecauseoftherisks.EstonianbillionaireJaanTallinn,forexample,whohelpeddevelopcommunicationappSkype,thinksweshouldbecautious.AlsoTheFutureofLifeInstitute,anot-for-profitorganization,saysthatthereshouldbeatemporarypausetocontrolthespeedofadvancedAIdevelopmentandthat“AIsystemswithhuman-competitiveintelligencecancauseprofoundriskstosocietyandhumans.”ThisnegativeviewissupportedbyareportbyinvestmentbankGoldmanSachsthatsaysAIcouldreplacetheequivalentof300millionfull-timejobs.Butitmayalsomeannewjobsandaproductivitybonanza.WemayarguethatAIsuchaschatbotscanhelpus.State-of-the-artChatGPT,forexample,hasbeenhelpingsomestudentswriteassignments.AIisallowingcomputerstothinkoractinamorehumanway.Andmachinelearningmeanscomputerscanlearnwhattodowithoutbeinggivenevidentinstructions.Thetechnologyisimpressive,butasitstartstothinkforitself,willitoutsmartus?However,thefounderofMicrosoft,BillGates,hascalledongovernmentstoworkwithindustryto“l(fā)imittherisks”ofAI.Hesays,“Justastheworldneedsitsbrightestpeoplefocusedonitsbiggestproblems,wewillneedtofocustheworld’sbestAIsonitsbiggestproblems.”Ifthishappens,maybehumanitywillhaveafuture.12.WhatisthemajorfearthatAIcauses?A.Itwillchangeourlifecompletely. B.Itwillcausemanyjoblosses.C.Itwillbetoointelligenttocontrol. D.Itwillreplacemanyothertechnologies.13.Whatdidthetechnologyexpertsdemand?A.SlowingthedevelopmentofAI. B.StoppingtheusingofAI.C.Buildinganot-for-profitorganization. D.HelpingdevelopcommunicationappSkype.14.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“bonanza”inparagraph3?A.Increase. B.Innovation. C.Problem. D.Expense.15.WhydoestheauthorquoteBillGates’words?A.Tocallonjointeffortsofgovernmentandindustries.B.ToexpectBillGates’companytomakethebestAIs.C.ToencouragemoretalentedpeopletoworkwithBillGates.D.ToexpressanoptimisticattitudetowardstheAIdevelopment.〖答案〗12.C13.A14.A15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。人工智能已經(jīng)成為人們生活中的重要部分，但有人擔心人工智能太過聰明并且會威脅人類。針對這個話題，本文講述了持有消極態(tài)度和積極態(tài)度的兩種不同觀點?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ButtherearefearsthatAIhasbecometoointelligentandcouldbeathreattohumanity.(但也有人擔心，人工智能已經(jīng)變得過于智能，可能對人類構成威脅。)”可知，人工智能造成的主要擔憂是它會變得太過聰明以至于難以控制。故選C?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thisclaimmightsoundextreme,butalettersignedbymorethan1,000technologyexperts,includingTeslabossElonMusk,calledontheworldtopresspause(暫停)onthedevelopmentofmoreadvancedAIbecauseoftherisks.(這一說法聽起來可能有些極端，但包括特斯拉老板埃隆·馬斯克在內(nèi)的1000多名技術專家簽署了一封信，呼吁全世界暫停開發(fā)更先進的人工智能，因為存在風險。)”可知，技術專家們要求減緩人工智能的開發(fā)進程。故選A?！?4題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)and前的“newjobs”可知，人工智能可以帶來新的工作，再結(jié)合畫線詞前的productivity可知，這里應是說人工智能可以促進生產(chǎn)力提升，bonanza與increase(增長)意思最接近。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“However,thefounderofMicrosoft,BillGates,hascalledongovernmentstoworkwithindustryto‘limittherisks’ofAI.(然而，微軟創(chuàng)始人比爾·蓋茨呼吁各國政府與工業(yè)界合作‘限制人工智能的風險’。)”可知，比爾·蓋茨呼吁主動限制人工智能的風險，而不是像第二段中提到的技術專家們呼吁暫停開發(fā)AI，再結(jié)合他的話“Justastheworldneedsitsbrightestpeoplefocusedonitsbiggestproblems,wewillneedtofocustheworld’sbestAIsonitsbiggestproblems.(正如世界需要最聰明的人專注于最大的問題一樣，我們也需要讓世界上最好的人工智能專注于最大問題。)”可推測出，引述比爾·蓋茨的話是為了表達對AI發(fā)展的樂觀態(tài)度。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Asthesayinggoes,failureisthemotherofsuccess.Manyofusweretoldfromanearlyagethat,atschoolorinlife,“youlearnfromyourmistakes.”Isthisactuallytrue?Theshortansweris“yes”.___16___Becausewewouldnotliketofaillearningfromourmistakesis,inreality,veryhard.Itdoesn’tfeelgood.Sowereacttofailureinemotionalways,likegivinguponataskeasily,tellingourselveswedon’tcarewhetherwesucceed,orfindingfaultwiththetaskitself.Thisisself-protective,accordingtoHallgeirSjastad,apsychologyprofessor.Inhisopinion,mostofuswanttothinkofourselvesascapable.___17___Fortunatelytherearestrategiestohelpusovercometheemotionalbarriers.___18___.Insteadofasking“WhydidIfail?”,wecouldask“WhydidSamfail?”,forexample.Multiplestudiesshowthiswayhelpstosoftenournegativeemotionalreactions.Alsoitallowsustolookatfailuremoreobjectively.___19___Thisledtobetterlevelsofmotivationandacademicsuccessinthetestgroups—involvingbothadultsandchildren—thatwereaskedtogiveadvicebasedontheirownfailures.ProfessorEskreis-Winklerfoundthatthesatisfactionofhelpingothers“forcespeopletoengagewiththeirexperienceandwhattheyhavelearned”.ThewriterSamuelBeckettoncesaid“failagain,failbetter.”Butitnowseemsthatweshouldsay,“failagain,failsmarter”.___20___,butbylearningtoovercometheemotionalbarriersaroundit,wemayfindtheroadtosuccessisalittleeasiertonavigate(駕馭).A.EveryoneneedssuccessB.HardworkleadstosuccessC.FailurecanbeateachablemomentD.FailureisanunavoidablepartoflifeE.Oneofthemistoadoptathird-personviewF.Next,offeradvicetoothersinthesamepositionasusG.Sowhatfailurecausesisaseriousthreattoourself-image〖答案〗16.C17.G18.E19.F20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何克服自己的情緒障礙，學會從失敗中吸取經(jīng)驗和教訓，從而獲得進步給出了一定的建議?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)第一段““youlearnfromyourmistakes.”Isthisactuallytrue?(“你從錯誤中學習?！边@是真的嗎？)”和第二段“Theshortansweris“yes”.(簡短的回答是“是的”)”可知，人們是可以從錯誤和失敗中學習的，選項C.Failurecanbeateachablemoment(失敗可能是一個受教育的時刻)表達了這層含義，對前文進行了總結(jié)，承接上文，符合語境。故選C。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上一句“Inhisopinion,mostofuswanttothinkofourselvesascapable.(在他看來，我們大多數(shù)人都認為自己有能力)”可知，選項G.Sowhatfailurecausesisaseriousthreattoourself-image(所以失敗造成的是對我們自我形象的嚴重威脅)進一步說明了失敗破壞了人們有能力的形象，使自我形象受到了嚴重的威脅，同時也是對人們失敗所產(chǎn)生的情緒化反應的解釋，銜接合理，與本段主題相符。故選G?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上一句“Fortunatelytherearestrategiestohelpusovercometheemotionalbarriers.(幸運的是，有一些策略可以幫助我們克服情緒障礙)”可知，選項E.Oneofthemistoadoptathird-personview(其中之一就是采用第三人稱視角)中的“them”指代上一句中的“strategies”，指出了其中一個策略的內(nèi)容，承接上文；結(jié)合下文“Insteadofasking“WhydidIfail?”,wecouldask“WhydidSamfail?”,forexample.(不要問“我為什么失敗了？”，我們可以問“Sam為什么失敗了？”，例如)”可知，下一句是對選項E的舉例說明，銜接下文。故選E?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)第3小題所選的選項E.Oneofthemistoadoptathird-personview(其中之一就是采用第三人稱視角)可知，第三段主要介紹了幫助人們克服情緒障礙的一個策略，選項F.Next,offeradvicetoothersinthesamepositionasus(其次，給和我們處境相同的人提建議)在第四段給出了第二個策略，就是基于自己失敗的經(jīng)歷，給同樣失敗的人提出建議；結(jié)合下一句“Thisledtobetterlevelsofmotivationandacademicsuccessinthetestgroups—involvingbothadultsandchildren—thatwereaskedtogiveadvicebasedontheirownfailures.(這導致被要求根據(jù)自己的失敗給出建議的測試組(包括成人和兒童)的動機和學業(yè)成功程度更高)”句中的“This”指代選項F的內(nèi)容，指出了給別人提出建議的策略所產(chǎn)生的的效果，符合語意和語境。故選E。【20題詳析】根據(jù)下一句“butbylearningtoovercometheemotionalbarriersaroundit,wemayfindtheroadtosuccessisalittleeasiertonavigate(駕馭).(但是通過學習克服它周圍的情緒障礙，我們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)通往成功的道路更容易駕馭)”可知，選項D.Failureisanunavoidablepartoflife(失敗是生活中不可避免的一部分)指出失敗不可避免，但是如果通過學習如何克服情緒障礙，學會從失敗中學習，就會更容易獲得成功，由此可知，選項D與下文語意銜接合理，呼應文章主題。故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。6-year-oldQixianCaosetthenewwomen’sworldrecordforsolvinga3×3×3Rubik’scube(魔方)in5.97seconds(average).___21___byacousin,aRubik’scubeplayer,theChinesegirlstarted___22___aRubik’scubeonlyat3.Thewomantaughthertheartof“speed-cubing”,solvingtheworld-famouspuzzleas___23___aspossible.However,afteraboutayear,thegirlgotso___24___itthathercousincouldn’tteachheranymoreandherparentsgotheraspeed-cubing___25___.Undertheprofessionalguidanceshekept___26___fortwotothreehourseveryday,andhertimewasgettingbetterandbetter.However,therewasapointwhereshehitawallandneededallofherfamily’shelpto___27___it.“Shewas___28___at12secondswhenshetriedtospeedto10secondsforthreemonths,”Qixian’smother___29___.“Shepracticedalotbutmadeno____30____andalmostgaveup.”Tomotivateher,theentirefamilytookupthegameandevenparticipatedinadult____31____.However,noonedaredtodreamthatthe____32____speed-cubercouldsetanewworldrecordatthetenderageofsix.Cao’saveragetimeof5.97secondsafterfive____33____ofspeed-cubingwonherthetitleofworldrecordholder.Encouragedbyherrecent____34____,Qixianhasnoplansofslowingdownandisnow____35____thewomen’ssingle-timerecord,whichcurrentlystandsat4.44seconds.21.A.Invited B.Inspired C.Praised D.Fascinated22.A.playingwith B.makingup C.participatingin D.researchingon23.A.easily B.early C.accurately D.quickly24.A.crazyabout B.tiredof C.goodat D.addictedto25.A.partner B.machine C.toy D.coach26.A.sitting B.thinking C.practicing D.sleeping27.A.overcome B.push C.remove D.break28.A.leveled B.limited C.left D.stuck29.A.reported B.recalled C.complained D.added30.A.progress B.difference C.money D.promise31.A.parties B.activities C.competitions D.clubs32.A.devoted B.gifted C.stressed D.discouraged33.A.turns B.rounds C.periods D.minutes34.A.idea B.decision C.failure D.performance35.A.challenging B.making C.keeping D.renewing〖答案〗21.B22.A23.D24.C25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.A31.C32.B33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講述了中國6歲女孩曹豈嫻以5.97秒的成績打破了3×3×3魔方的女子世界紀錄?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這位中國女孩受到一位玩魔方的表姐的啟發(fā)，從3歲開始玩魔方。A.Invited邀請；B.Inspired激勵，鼓舞，啟發(fā)；C.Praised表揚；D.Fascinated迷住。根據(jù)句中的“theChinesegirlstarted______aRubik’scubeonlyat3”可知，她受到表姐的啟發(fā)開始玩魔方。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意參考上題。A.playingwith玩；B.makingup編造，構成；C.participatingin參加；D.researchingon研究，調(diào)查。根據(jù)句中的“acousin,aRubik’scubeplayer”可知，她開始玩魔方。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這位女性教她“速解魔方”的藝術，以最快的速度解決這個世界著名的拼圖玩具。A.easily容易地；B.early提前；C.accurately精確地；D.quickly迅速地。根據(jù)句中的“theartof‘speed-cubing’”可知，速解魔方的藝術是以最快的速度拼好魔方。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：然而，大約一年后，這個女孩變得非常擅長這項游戲，以至于她的表姐再也不能教她了，她的父母給她找了一位速解魔方教練。A.crazyabout對……瘋狂；B.tiredof厭煩；C.goodat擅長；D.addictedto對……入迷，對……上癮。根據(jù)句中的“hercousincouldn’tteachheranymore”可知，她變得非常擅長解魔方，所以表姐教不了她了。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.partner同伴；B.machine機器；C.toy玩具；D.coach教練。根據(jù)下文中的“Undertheprofessionalguidance”可知，父母為她請了一位教練，給予她專業(yè)指導。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在專業(yè)指導下，她每天堅持練習兩到三個小時，時間越來越好。A.sitting坐；B.thinking思考；C.practicing練習；D.sleeping睡覺。根據(jù)下文中的“Shepracticedalot”可知，她保持每天練習兩到三個小時。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，有一段時間她遇到了瓶頸，需要所有家人的幫助才能克服。A.overcome克服，戰(zhàn)勝；B.push推動，推進；C.remove移開，去除；D.break（使）破。根據(jù)句中的“therewasapointwhereshehitawall”可知，她遇到了瓶頸，需要幫助克服。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞和動詞詞義辨析。句意：豈嫻的母親回憶說：“三個月來，當她試圖將速度提快到10秒時，她被困在了12秒?！盇.leveled使平坦；B.limited有限的；C.left離開（某人或某處）；D.stuck卡住的。根據(jù)句中的“at12secondswhenshetriedtospeedto10seconds”可知，她的魔方成績卡在了12秒。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.reported匯報；B.recalled回憶起；C.complained抱怨；D.added增加，補充。根據(jù)“Shewas_____at12secondswhenshetriedtospeedto10secondsforthreemonths”可知，這里是她的媽媽回憶的事情。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她練習了很多，但沒有進步，幾乎放棄了。A.progress進步，進展；B.difference區(qū)別；C.money錢；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)but前的“Shepracticedalot”可知，這里與前面形成轉(zhuǎn)折，她練習很多但沒有任何進步。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了激勵她，全家人都參加了這個游戲，甚至參加了成人比賽。A.parties派對；B.activities活動；C.competitions比賽；D.clubs俱樂部。根據(jù)句中的“even”可知，全家人為了激勵她都參加了這個游戲，甚至參加成人比賽。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，沒有人敢夢想這位天賦異稟的速解魔方手能在六歲的時候創(chuàng)造新的世界紀錄。A.devoted忠誠的；B.gifted有天才的，有天賦的；C.stressed焦慮不安；D.discouraged灰心的，喪氣的。根據(jù)上文中的“theChinesegirlstarted______aRubik’scubeonlyat3”和“However,afteraboutayear,thegirlgotso______itthathercousincouldn’tteachheranymore”可知，曹豈嫻3歲開始玩魔方，4歲時就非常擅長了，由此可知，她是一個非常有天賦的魔方玩家。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：曹在五輪速解魔方后以5.97秒的平均成績獲得了世界紀錄保持者的稱號。A.turns轉(zhuǎn)動，旋動；B.rounds輪次，局；C.periods一段時間；D.minutes分鐘。根據(jù)句中的“Cao’saveragetimeof5.97seconds”和空前的“five”可知，曹豈嫻在5輪比賽中的平均成績是5.97秒。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在最近的表現(xiàn)鼓舞下，豈嫻沒有放松一下的計劃，現(xiàn)在正在挑戰(zhàn)女子單人紀錄，目前該紀錄為4.44秒。A.idea想法；B.decision決定；C.failure失?。籇.performance表演，表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第一段中的“6-year-oldQixianCaosetthenewwomen’sworldrecordforsolvinga3×3×3Rubik’scube(魔方)in5.97seconds(average).(6歲的曹豈嫻以平均5.97的成績打破了女子3×3×3魔方的新世界紀錄。)”可知，她最近以平均5.97秒的成績打破了世界紀錄，這是她的表現(xiàn)。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.challenging挑戰(zhàn)；B.making制作；C.keeping保持；D.renewing重新開始。根據(jù)空后的“thewomen’ssingle-timerecord,whi