高三英語(yǔ)開(kāi)學(xué)摸底考試卷01（上海專用）英語(yǔ)ListeningSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Atabookstore. B．Atthetrainstation. C．Inaclockshop. D．Onthestreet.【答案】B【原文】W:I’dliketobooktwotrainticketstoLondontomorrowmorning,aftertherushhour.M:Noproblem.Justgivemeaminute.Therearethreehereat9:00,10:00and11:00.2.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A．100%cottonpantsindarkblue. B．Fashionablepantsinbrightcolours.C．Greypantsmadeofpurecotton. D．Somethingtomatchherbrownpants.【答案】C【原文】M:Wouldyouliketoseethosepantsinbrownandnavyblue?Thesetwocoloursarecominginthisseason.W:Well,actually,greyismyfavouritecolour,butIprefersomethingmadeofcotton,100%cottonImean.3．Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A．Practicingaspeechcontest. B．Listeningtosomeloudmusic.C．Preparingforanoralexamination. D．Talkingloudlyonthetelephone.【答案】B【原文】W:Hey,ifyoucan’tenjoytherockandrollatasensiblevolume,whynotuseearphones?I’mpreparingforthespeechcontest.M:Oh,sorry.Ididn’trealizeIwasbotheringyouallthistime.4．Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?A．Heknowshisweaknesses. B．Heishighlyambitious.C．Hecan’tfacethesituation. D．Heisratherdisappointed.【答案】A【原文】W:Aren’tyoudisappointedthatyoudidn’tgetthepromotion?M:Maybealittle,butIknowIneedmoreexperiencebeforeI’mreadyforthatkindofresponsibility.5．WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutLarryandhisroommate?A．Theyarebothtoblame. B．Theyarebotheasytoplease.C．Theycanmanagetogetalong. D．Theywillmakepeaceintime.【答案】A【原文】W:CanyoubelievethewayLarrywastalkingtohisroommate?Nowondertheydon’tgetalong.M:Well,maybeLarrywasjustreactingtosomethinghisroommatesaid.Therearetwosidestoeverystoryyouknow.6．Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?A．Shewaslatefortheappointment.B．Sheoftenkeptotherpeoplewaiting.C．Sheranintothemanonherwayhere.D．Shecalledherfriendaboutthebook.【答案】A【原文】W:Ihopeyou’renottooupsetwithmeforthedelay.Ihadtostopbyafriend’shometopickupabookonmywayhere.M:Well,that’snotabigdeal.Butyoumightatleastphoneifyouknowyou’regoingtokeepsomeonewaiting.7．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandoing?A．Workinghard. B．Refusingthejoboffer.C．Expectinganotherchance. D．Findinganidealjob.【答案】C【原文】W:TheCostcoWholesaleturneddownmyapplication.Idon’tknowwhattodoifIcan’tfindanidealjob.M:Well,don’ttakeitsohard.Betteropportunitieswillcomealong.8．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．Themovieisgoodexceptthebadending.B．Themoviewonanaward.C．Sheagreeswiththeman’scomments.D．Shedoesn’tlikethespecialeffects.【答案】A【原文】M:Ithinkthehorrormovieisfantasticandthespecialeffectsareamazing.W:Ifithadn’tbeenforitsterribleending,itwouldhavewonanaward.9．Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A．Itisahotandsmoggyday.B．There’satrafficjamonBroadwayStreet.C．Themanisreadingthenewsonair.D．Avehicleispollutingtheairseriously.【答案】D【原文】W:Goodmorning!ThisistheGreenandEnvironmentalHotline.MayIhelpyou?M:Yes,I’dliketoreportasmokingvehiclerunningonBroadwayStreet.10．Whatdoesthewomanimply?A．Themanmayneedtore-evaluatehispriorities.B．Themanshoulddealwiththeurgentmattersfirst.C．Themanhasfailedtotakecareoftheurgentmatters.D．Themanshouldkeeptrackofeverythingusingato-dolist.【答案】A【原文】M:I’msotiredofalwaysfeelingsorushed.W:Maybetheproblemisthatyou’vemistakenwhat’surgentforwhat’simportant.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestionswillbereadtwice,butthequestionwillbespokenonlyonethefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage11．WhichoneisafeatureofmostdesertsinSaudiArabia?A．Richsoil. B．Enoughwater. C．Somecrops. D．Littleshade.12．WhywasAlUlahabitable?A．Becauseithadalotoftrees.B．Becauseitwasalwaysrainingthere.C．Becauseitwaslocatednearabigcity.D．Becauseithadawetlandwithwaterandrichsoils.13．Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A．ThehistoryofSaudiArabia.B．TheclimatechangeinSaudiArabia.C．ThedevelopmentofcivilizationinAlUla.D．ThehuntingtechniquesofthefirstpeopleinAlUla.【答案】11．D12．D13．C【原文】Survivingwithoutwateristougherthansurvivingwithoutfood,andthisisabigchallengeinthedrydesertsofSaudiArabia.Thedesertsdon’thavemuchshade,andthesandsaren’tgreatforplantstogrow.Itmightseemunlikelyforfarms,cities,andcivilizationstodevelopthere,butthat’swhathappenedintheAlUlavalley.Eveninthedesert,therearespotswithwaterthatsupportlife.AlUlaisonesuchplaceinthevastdesertsofSaudiArabia.ThestoryofAlUlastartedmillionsofyearsagowhenawetterclimateshapedabigwatercatchment,likeagiantbowltocollectandstorewater.Mostofthewaterflowedundergroundandgottrapped.Overtime,morewaterwascollecteduntilitreachedthesurface,creatingawetland.Thiswetlandallowedplantstogrowandprovidedfoodformanylivingcreatures.AlUla’sfirstpeoplelivedlikehunter-gatherers,seekingshadeundergianttrees,huntinganimals,anddrinkingfromnaturalsprings.ButAlUlawasn’tjustaboutwater;italsohadrichsoils,perfectforgrowingcrops.Later,thisattractedsettlerswhobuiltacivilizationandgrewcropslikefruitsandwheat.Inthisway,AlUlabecameaplacewherepeoplesettled,developedagriculture,andthecivilizationthrivedandgrew.Questions14through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14．Howmuchdoesthewomanhavetopayforalongdistancecall?A．Afortune. B．Nothingatall. C．Twicethefortune. D．Alittle.15．Whatdoweknowabouttheman’sphonecardfromtheconversation?A．Thecompanywon’tacceptit. B．Itispartlybroken.C．Thedateonthecardisn’tcorrect. D．Itisinusetoday.16．Accordingtothewoman,howwillthemanusethephonecard?A．Answerthepassword,dialhisdad’snumberandthenumberonthecard.B．Dialthenumberonthecardandhisdad’s,theninputthepassword.C．Dialthenumberonthecard,answerthepassword,anddialhisdad’snumber.D．Dialhisdad’snumbertheninputthepasswordandthenumberonthecard.17．Whattimeisitherewhentheyaretalking?A．3:30p.m. B．3:30a.m. C．6:30p.m. D．6:30a.m.【答案】14．B15．D16．C17．A【原文】M:It’smyfather’sbirthdaytomorrow.Ireallywanttogivehimaring.Canyouhelpmemakealongdistancecall?W:Sure,Icallmyparentstwiceaweek!M:Thatmustcostyouafortune,right?W:Youarewayoff!Icallthemcollect,soIpaynothing.However,itcoststhemafortune,buttheylovemesoitisworthit.M:Cool,canIcallmydadcollect?W:There’snocollectcallingtothatzoneyet.Youwillneedtobuyacallingcard.M:IwasgiventhisphonecardatorientationwhenIfirstarrived,butneverusedit.Isitstillactive?Willthecompanyacceptit?W:Theywillacceptanycardexcepttheonesthatareoutofdate.Whatisthedateonyourcard?M:ThecardisoutofdateonDecember7th.W:Youarelucky!Todayisthelastdaytheywillacceptthecard.M:So,howdoIuseit?W:First,justdialthenumberonthecard,thenwaitfortheoperatortoaskforthepasswordonthecard.Afterthat,dialyourdad’snumber.M:Thisisapieceofcake.Iwillcallthemnow.W:Wait,whattimezonearetheyin?M:Theyare12hoursahead.W:Thatwouldmakeitthreethirtyinthemorningthere.M:That’sright.Itiseasytoforgettheyareinadifferenttimezone.W:Seeyoulater.IamofftohelpJerrypracticehisdriving.M:SayhitoJerryforme!W:Iwilldo.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.18．Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A．Aneweducationaltheory.B．Aninnovativetryatteaching.C．Adiligentuniversitystudent.D．Aserioussubjectinauniversity.19．WhatdidRosenthal’slessonsfeature?A．Serioussubjectstowriteabout.B．Fiercecompetitionamongstudents.C．Happyandcooperativelearning.D．Varioustopicsforstudentstovotefor.20．HowdidMaggie’sattitudetowardRosenthal’slessonschange?A．Suspiciousatfirstbutpositivelater.B．Welcomeatfirstbutuncertainlater.C．Disapprovingatfirstbutshockedlater.D．Excitedatfirstbutdisappointedlater.【答案】18．B19．C20．A【原文】

Maggie,abiologyandchemistrystudentatJohnCarrollUniversity,neverthoughtthatonedayshewouldbeinaclassroomwhereanEnglishteacheraskedhertoplayaboardgameinordertolearnaboutclimatechange.

DebraRosenthalistheEnglishprofessor.Atfirst,MaggiesaidshewasuncertainaboutRosenthal’sboardgameidea.However,Rosenthalthoughtherstudentswouldgainagreaterunderstandingabouthowtheirownideasandexperiencesaffectclimatechange.Aftertestingthegameswithsomeadults,shegotpermissiontobuysixcopiesofagamecalledSolutions.Thegoalistopickcardsandthenaddthemtothegameboardinawaythathelpsreduceglobaltemperatures.Studentsdonotcompeteagainsteachother.Theyworktogethertochoosethebestplanofaction.Thegameisdifferentfromotherboardgameswherethegoalistowin.Rosenthalsaidshehopedthegameswouldgivestudentsachancetotalkaboutclimatechangeinanewway.Duringmostclasses,studentsreadmaterialandthendiscusstheirideas.Studentslaughed,disagreedandhadtocallforvotesasawaytodecidehowtomoveforwardinthegame.Maggiesaiditwasa“waytohavefun...whilealsolearningaboutsuchaserioussubject.”II.GrammarandVocabulary（每題1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.RationalPeopleThinkattheMarginDecisionsinlifearerarelyblackandwhitebutusuallyinvolveshadesofgray.Atdinnertime,thedecisionyoufaceisnotbetweenfastingandeatinglikeapig,butwhethertotakethatextraspoonfulofmashedpotatoes.21examsrollaround,yourdecisionisnotbetweenblowingthemoffandstudying24hoursaday,butwhethertospendanextrahourreviewingyournotes22watchingTV.Economistsusetheterm“marginalchanges”todescribeminoradjustmentstoan23(exist)planofaction.Inmanysituations,peoplemakethebestdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.Marginmeans“edge,”somarginalchangesareadjustmentsaroundtheedgesof24youaredoing.Suppose,forinstance,thatyouaskafriendforadviceabouthowmanyyearstostayinschool.IfhecomparesforyouthelifestyleofapersonwithaPh.D．to25ofagradeschooldropout,youmightcomplainthatthiscomparisonisnothelpfulforyourdecision.Youhavesomeeducationalreadyandmostlikely26(decide)whethertospendanextrayearortwoinschool.27(make)thisdecision,youneedtoknowtheadditionalbenefitsthatanextrayearinschoolwouldoffer(highersalariesthroughoutlifeandthesheerjoyoflearning),28(combine)withtheadditionalcoststhatyouwouldpay(tuitionandtheforgonesalarieswhileyouareinschool).Bycomparingthesemarginalbenefitsandmarginalcosts,youcanevaluatewhethertheextrayearisworthwhileandmakethebestdecision29isinyourinterest.As30(show)inthisexample,individualsandfirmscanmakebetterdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.Arationaldecision-makertakesanactionifandonlyifthemarginalbenefitoftheactionexceedsthemarginalcost.【答案】21．When22．insteadof/ratherthan23．existing24．what25．that26．a(chǎn)redeciding27．Tomake28．combined29．that30．isshown/shown【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了邊際思維在我們生活中的重要性、運(yùn)用及好處。21．考查狀語(yǔ)從句連詞。句意：當(dāng)考試來(lái)臨的時(shí)候，你要做的決定不是放棄考試還是24小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)，而是是否多花一個(gè)小時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)筆記而不是看電視。分析句子可知，空處缺少?gòu)膶龠B詞，引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)合句意，表示“當(dāng)考試來(lái)臨時(shí)”，用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故填When。22．考查短語(yǔ)。句意：當(dāng)考試來(lái)臨的時(shí)候，你要做的決定不是放棄考試還是24小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)，而是是否多花一個(gè)小時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)筆記而不是看電視。根據(jù)reviewingyournotes及watchingTV可知，空前空后為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，且表示“而不是”，可以填寫insteadof或者ratherthan。故填insteadof/ratherthan。23．考查形容詞。句意：經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家使用術(shù)語(yǔ)“邊際變化”來(lái)描述對(duì)現(xiàn)有行動(dòng)計(jì)劃的微小調(diào)整。分析句子可知，空處缺少定語(yǔ)修飾plan，表示“現(xiàn)存的”，用對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞existing。故填existing。24．考查賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞。句意：邊際是“邊緣”的意思，所以邊際變化是圍繞你所做事情的邊緣進(jìn)行的調(diào)整。分析句子可知，of為介詞，其后句子是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句部分缺少doing的賓語(yǔ)，用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。故填what。25．考查代詞。句意：如果他幫你比較一個(gè)有博士學(xué)位的人的生活方式和一個(gè)小學(xué)輟學(xué)的人的生活方式，你可能會(huì)抱怨這種比較對(duì)你的決定沒(méi)有幫助。根據(jù)句意可知，比較的是博士和小學(xué)輟學(xué)人的生活方式，在同一個(gè)句子中進(jìn)行比較，用that/those指代句子的主語(yǔ)，lifestyle為單數(shù)，用that。故填that。26．考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：你已經(jīng)接受了一些教育，很可能正在決定是否在學(xué)校多讀一兩年。根據(jù)Youhavesomeeducationalready可知，語(yǔ)境表示正在決定是否繼續(xù)讀書，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)bedoing，主語(yǔ)為you，be動(dòng)詞用are。故填aredeciding。27．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了做出這個(gè)決定，你需要知道多上一年學(xué)能帶來(lái)的額外好處（一生中更高的薪水和純粹的學(xué)習(xí)樂(lè)趣），以及你要支付的額外成本（學(xué)費(fèi)和在校期間放棄的工資）。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處表示目的，用動(dòng)詞不定式tomake表示目的。故填Tomake。28．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了做出這個(gè)決定，你需要知道多上一年學(xué)能帶來(lái)的額外好處（一生中更高的薪水和純粹的學(xué)習(xí)樂(lè)趣），以及你要支付的額外成本（學(xué)費(fèi)和在校期間放棄的工資）。分析本句可知，空處要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合with，空處表示“與……結(jié)合”，用過(guò)去分詞。故填combined。29．考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞。句意：通過(guò)比較這些邊際收益和邊際成本，你可以評(píng)估額外一年是否值得，并做出符合你利益的最佳決定。分析句子可知，空處缺少關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為decision，由thebest修飾，此處用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)從句，作主語(yǔ)。故填that。30．考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)及省略。句意：正如這個(gè)例子所示，個(gè)人和公司可以通過(guò)考慮邊際來(lái)做出更好的決策。As引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少謂語(yǔ)，表示“被展示”，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，asisshown意思為：正如所示，此處is可以省略。故填isshown/shown。SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouA．liveB．a(chǎn)daptedC．perspectiveD．maximizeE.costumesF.injectG.creditedH.directorialI.publicityJ.prospectK.integratedYoungChineseoperadirectorbroadenstraditionalartform“Chineseoperaartislikeahugesponge,constantlyabsorbing,transforming,mergingandflourishing,”saystraditionalChineseoperadirectorLiZhuoqun,whois31withcreatingamarketfortraditionaloperashowsinsmalltheatersacrossChina.Performedin2013,LiZhuoqun’sfirst32work“DeathDoUsPart”isastory33fromthe14th-centuryChineseclassicnovel“WaterMargin”.Li,agraduateoftheNationalAcademyofChineseTheaterArts,saysthatperformingthisclassicpiecefortoday’saudienceisanexperimentandachallenge.“Wedecidedtoshortenthedivorcescenethatlastedfourorfivedaysinorderto34theeffectofourvocalsanddramaticperformances.Wealsoinvitedmoderndancerstoworkwithus.We35theperformancemethodsoftraditionaloperawiththerhythmofmodemdance.”Lidefinesherteamas“small,deep,refinedandbroad”.Sheexplained,“‘Small’initssize,volumeand36.‘Deep’referstoourperformanceandthedepthofthescript.‘Refined’referstotheproductionofthe37makeup,props,soundandlight.‘Broad’referstoits38andoperation.”“Wetargetallagesandawideraudience.”ToLi,traditionaloperais“theartofregret”duetotheuniquecharmof39performances.Sheaimstoallowtheaudiencetoenjoyeveryminuteoftheshowanddrawmorepeopletothetheater.Lisaid,“Wehopetofindapossibilityforsmalltheateroperatomakeabreakthroughintermsofthemarketandtargetaudience.Withthedevelopmentofaesthetics(審美)andsociety,ourgenerationneedsto40awiderandmorevariedartisticvocabularyintotraditionalopera.Yetitshouldstilldeveloponthebasisofmaintainingthecharacteristicsoftraditionalopera.”【答案】31．G32．H33．B34．D35．K36．C37．E38．I39．A40．F【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)戲曲青年導(dǎo)演拓寬了傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式。31．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：“中國(guó)戲曲藝術(shù)就像一塊巨大的海綿，不斷地吸收、改造、融合和繁榮，”中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)戲曲導(dǎo)演李卓群說(shuō)，他被認(rèn)為為中國(guó)各地的小劇場(chǎng)創(chuàng)造了傳統(tǒng)戲曲表演市場(chǎng)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“被認(rèn)為”，credited符合句意，與空前is構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選G。32．考查形容詞。句意：2013年，李卓群導(dǎo)演的第一部作品《至死不渝》上映，故事改編自14世紀(jì)中國(guó)經(jīng)典小說(shuō)《水滸傳》。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“導(dǎo)演的”，directorial符合句意，修飾名詞work，作定語(yǔ)。故選H。33．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：2013年，李卓群導(dǎo)演的第一部作品《至死不渝》上映，故事改編自14世紀(jì)中國(guó)經(jīng)典小說(shuō)《水滸傳》。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“改編”，adapted符合句意，屬于過(guò)去分詞，作后置定語(yǔ)。故選B。34．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：為了最大限度地發(fā)揮我們的聲音和戲劇效果，我們決定縮短4、5天的離婚場(chǎng)面。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“使增加到最大限度”，maximize符合句意，固定搭配inordertodosth.，空處使用動(dòng)詞原形。故選D。35．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我們將傳統(tǒng)戲曲的表演方法與現(xiàn)代舞的節(jié)奏相結(jié)合。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“（使）合并，成為一體”，integrated符合句意，此處是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選K。36．考查名詞。句意：“小”是指它的大小、體積和視角。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“視角”，perspective符合句意。故選C。37．考查名詞。句意：“精致”指的是服裝、化妝、道具、聲光的制作。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“服裝”，costumes符合句意。故選E。38．考查名詞。句意：“廣”指的是宣傳和經(jīng)營(yíng)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“宣傳”，publicity符合句意。故選I。39．考查形容詞。句意：對(duì)李來(lái)說(shuō)，由于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)表演的獨(dú)特魅力，傳統(tǒng)戲曲是“遺憾的藝術(shù)”。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的”，live符合句意，修飾名詞performances，作定語(yǔ)。故選A。40．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著審美和社會(huì)的發(fā)展，我們這代人需要為傳統(tǒng)戲曲注入更廣泛、更豐富的藝術(shù)詞匯。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“注入”，inject符合句意，固定搭配needtodo，空處使用動(dòng)詞原形。故選F。III.ReadingComprehension(共45分。41-45每題1分；56-70每題2分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontextClaraDalywasseatedonanAlaskaAirlinesflightfromBostontoLosAngeleswhenaflightattendant(服務(wù)員)askedanurgentquestionovertheloudspeaker:“DoesanyoneonboardknowAmericanSignLanguage?”Clarapressedthecallbutton.Theflightattendant41andexplainedthesituation.“Wehaveapassengerontheplanewho’s42anddeaf”,shesaid.Thepassengerseemedtowantsomething,buthewastravelingaloneandtheflightattendantscouldn’t43whatheneeded.ClarahadbeenstudyingASLforthepastyearandwasabletofingerspellontheman’shand.Soshe44herseatbelt,walkedtowardthefrontoftheplane,and45bytheseatofthepassenger.TimCookGentlytakinghishand,shewrote:“Howareyou?AreyouOK?”Timaskedforsomewater.Whenitarrived,Clarareturnedtoherseat.ShecameagainabitlaterbecauseTimwantedtoknowthetime.Claragothimtoknowthatitwasnearly10a.m.Onherthird46,shestoppedandstayedforawhile.“Wow,thisiscool”Clarasaidtotheflightattendant.Infact,hedidn’tneedanything.Hewasjust47andwantedtotalk.”Soforthenexthour,theywereboth48,chattingwitheachother.Shetalkedaboutherfamilyandher49forthefuture(shewantstobeapolitician).TimtoldClarahowhehad50becomeblindovertimeand51storiesofhisdaysasatravelingsalesman.“Clarawas52,”theflightattendanttoldNewYorkTimesduringanonline53.“YoucouldseeTimwasveryexcitedtohavesomeonehecould54with,andClarawaslikea(an)55,appearinginneed,unexpectedly.”Cook’sreaction:“BesttripI’veeverhad.”41．A．a(chǎn)pproached B．spanned C．demonstrated D．delivered42．A．damp B．lame C．sick D．blind43．A．distinguish B．mention C．motivate D．comprehend44．A．left B．tied C．unfastened D．broke45．A．stoodup B．bentover C．laydown D．turnedover46．A．journey B．chat C．letter D．visit47．A．terrified B．pleasant C．lonely D．delighted48．A．displayed B．regretful C．relaxed D．lucky49．A．courses B．schedules C．contradictions D．issues50．A．generally B．immediately C．increasingly D．gradually51．A．shared B．forgot C．repeated D．complained52．A．tense B．a(chǎn)shamed C．selfish D．caring53．A．interview B．job C．lesson D．opportunity54．A．live B．work C．communicate D．start55．A．a(chǎn)ttendant B．a(chǎn)ngel C．hostess D．dancer【答案】41．A42．D43．D44．C45．B46．D47．C48．C49．B50．D51．A52．D53．A54．C55．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了航班上的熱心乘客Clara學(xué)過(guò)手語(yǔ)，幫助航班上的聾啞人Tim解決了所需，并陪他聊天度過(guò)漫長(zhǎng)的飛行時(shí)間的故事。41．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：空乘走近并解釋了情況。A.approached靠近，走近；B.spanned持續(xù)，橫跨；C.demonstrated證明；D.delivered遞送。根據(jù)前文“whenaflightattendant(服務(wù)員)askedanurgentquestionovertheloudspeaker:“DoesanyoneonboardknowAmericanSignLanguage?”Clarapressedthecallbutton.”可知，空乘詢問(wèn)是否有人懂手語(yǔ)，Clara按下了按鈕，因此空乘向她走近，并解釋了情況，故選A。42．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)道：“飛機(jī)上有個(gè)聾啞人”。A.damp潮濕的；B.lame瘸的，跛的；C.sick生病的；D.blind瞎的。根據(jù)后文的詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)“TimtoldClarahowhehad10becomeblindovertime”可知，Tim告訴Clara他是如何失明的，故此處指這位乘客是既是盲人又是聾子，故選D。43．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這位乘客似乎想要什么東西，但是他獨(dú)自前行，空乘無(wú)法理解他需要什么。A.distinguish區(qū)別，區(qū)分；B.mention提到，提及；C.motivate激勵(lì)，刺激；D.comprehend理解，懂得。根據(jù)前文““Wehaveapassengerontheplanewho’s2anddeaf”,shesaid.”可知，飛機(jī)上的這位乘客既是盲人又是聾子，故空乘無(wú)法理解他所需要的東西，故選D。44．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此她解開(kāi)安全帶，向飛機(jī)前排走去，并在這位乘客的座位旁俯下身來(lái)。A.left離開(kāi)；B.tied系；C.unfastened解開(kāi)，松開(kāi)；D.broke打破，打碎。根據(jù)空后“walkedtowardthefrontoftheplane,”可知，她向飛機(jī)的前排走過(guò)，故此處指解開(kāi)安全帶，故選C。45．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.stoodup站起來(lái)；B.bentover俯下身；C.laydown躺下；D.turnedover轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身。根據(jù)空后“bytheseatofthepassenger”可知，她是在這位乘客座位旁俯下身來(lái)詢問(wèn)他，故選B。46．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在她第三次去的時(shí)候，他在那里逗留并待了一會(huì)兒。A.journey旅行；B.chat聊天；C.letter信；D.visit到訪，詢問(wèn)。根據(jù)前文“ShecameagainabitlaterbecauseTimwantedtoknowthetime.Claragothimtoknowthatitwasnearly10a.m.”可知，之前Clara因?yàn)門im想要喝水和詢問(wèn)時(shí)間去了兩次，故此次是第三次到訪，第三次詢問(wèn)，故選D。47．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他只是有點(diǎn)孤獨(dú)，想要與人聊天。A.terrified害怕的；B.pleasant愉快的；C.lonely孤獨(dú)的；D.delighted高興的。根據(jù)空后“wantedtotalk”可知，他想要與人聊天，故他是孤獨(dú)的，故選C。48．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，接下來(lái)的四個(gè)小時(shí)，他們都很放松，相互聊天。A.displayed被展示的；B.regretful后悔的；C.relaxed放松的；D.lucky幸運(yùn)的。根據(jù)后文“Shetalkedaboutherfamilyandher9forthefuture(shewantstobeapolitician).TimtoldClarahowhehad10becomeblindovertimeand11storiesofhisdaysasatravelingsalesman.”可知，他們相互介紹自己的故事、家人和遭遇，故此處指他們輕松地聊著天，故選C。49．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她談?wù)撈鹚募胰艘约拔磥?lái)的規(guī)劃，她想要成為一名政客。A.courses道路，總方向；B.schedules日程安排；C.contradictions矛盾；D.issues問(wèn)題。根據(jù)空后“forthefuture(shewantstobeapolitician)”可知，她未來(lái)想要成為一名政客，故此處指她談起她未來(lái)的的規(guī)劃，故選B。50．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Tim告訴Clara他是如何隨著時(shí)間的推移而漸漸地失明的，并分享了他作為旅行推銷員的故事。A.generally一般地；B.immediately立刻，馬上；C.increasingly越來(lái)越；D.gradually漸漸地，逐漸地。根據(jù)空后“becomeblindovertime”可知，隨著時(shí)間的推移而失明，故此處指漸漸地失明，故選D。51．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.shared分享；B.forgot忘記；C.repeated重復(fù)；D.complained抱怨。根據(jù)空后“storiesofhisdaysasatravelingsalesman”可知，此處指分享他作為旅行推銷員的故事，故選A。52．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一次網(wǎng)上的采訪中，Clara告訴《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》：“Clara是很有愛(ài)心的”。A.tense緊張的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.selfish自私的；D.caring有愛(ài)心的。根據(jù)前文“Soforthenexthour,theywereboth8,chattingwitheachother.”可知，Clara陪盲人Tim在飛機(jī)上聊天，以排解Tim的孤獨(dú)可知，Clara是一個(gè)有愛(ài)心的人。故選D。53．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.interview采訪；B.job工作；C.lesson課程；D.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)前文“theflightattendanttoldNewYorkTimes”可知，空乘向《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》講述這件事，故是在一次網(wǎng)上采訪中，故選A。54．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以看到，有人和Tim聊天，Tim和激動(dòng)，Clara就像一個(gè)天使，在需要她的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)了。A.live生活；B.work工作；C.communicate交流，聊天；D.start啟動(dòng)。根據(jù)前文“Soforthenexthour,theywereboth8,chattingwitheachother.”可知，Clara陪盲人Tim在飛機(jī)上聊天，以排解Tim的孤獨(dú)可知，故Tim很激動(dòng)，因?yàn)橛腥伺闼奶?，故選C。55．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以看到，有人和Tim聊天，Tim和激動(dòng)，Clara就像一個(gè)天使，在需要她的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)了。A.attendant乘務(wù)員；B.angel天使；C.hostess主持人；D.dancer舞蹈者。根據(jù)空后“appearinginneed”可知，在最需要她的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)了，故她就像天使一樣，故填B。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Photosynthesis(光合作用)isauniqueskillofgreenplants—theyturnwaterandcarbondioxideintooxygenandfoodviasunlight.AgroupofChinesescientists,however,“copied”theprocessonanimals.Tounderstandthenewbreakthrough,itisimportanttoknowhowphotosynthesisworks.Plantstakeincarbondioxideandwaterfromtheairandsoil.Withintheplantcell,thewaterisoxidized.Thistransformsthewaterintooxygenandthecarbondioxideintoglucose(葡萄糖).Theplantthenreleasestheoxygenbackintotheairandstoresenergywithintheglucosemolecules.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromZhejiangUniversitydevelopedanindependentandcontrollablephotosyntheticsystem,accordingtothestudypublishedinNatureinearlyDecember,2022.Theyseparatedthylakoids(類囊體),apartofthecellwherelightreactionstakeplaceinplants,fromyoungspinachleaves.Thescientiststhenwrappedthethylakoidswiththecoverofanimalcells,whichmadetheimplantedthylakoidsmoreacceptabletoforeignbodies.Themiceusedinthestudyweresufferingfromarthritis,meaningcellsintheircartilagehaddegeneratedandcouldnotberepairedbythemselves.Withthethylakoidsimplantedintothemiceandexposedtolight,themicerecovered.Theirmetabolismreturnedtonormal.Inarthritis,thepatientsusuallyhaveenergylosssincefewerenergy-carryingmoleculesaregenerated.Theimplant,however,cancorrecttheimbalancebystoringmoreenergyviaphotosynthesis.Theresearchersalsoclaimedthattheirtestswouldhavemedicalusage.Itcanbeusedaspartofthesolutionfordegenerativediseasesbecausethenaturalphotosynthesissystemmayrepaircells.Itmayalsodelaytheagingprocessincells.Thestudyshowed“anexcitingachievementthatopensuppossibilitiesofmetabolismengineering,”commentedoneofthepaper’sreviewersFranciscoCejudofromtheUniversityofSevilleinSpain,reportedXinhua.56．Whatismainlymentionedintheparagraph2?A．Thetheorybehindtheexperiment. B．Thebackgroundoftheexperiment.C．Theproceduresoftheexperiment. D．Theeffectsoftheexperiment.57．Accordingtothepassage,whatisthefollowinginformationtrue?A．AgroupofChinesescientistscopiedthephotosynthesisofanimalsonplants.B．Theplaceinwhichtheplantstoresenergyisthylakoids.C．Thethylakoidswrappedbyanimalcellsmakeitselfacceptedwitheasebyforeignbodies.D．Thistherapyhasbeenusedaspartofthesolutionfordegenerativediseases.58．Whatistheattitudeofacommentatortowardstheexistingstudiesaboutthestudy?A．Cautious. B．Approving. C．Doubtful. D．Uncertain.59．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．EffectivePhotosynthesis.B．BreakthroughsmadebyagroupofChinesescientists.C．ChinesescientistswhocopiedPhotosynthesisonanimals.D．ChinesescientistscopiedPhotosynthesisonanimals.【答案】56．A57．C58．B59．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文講述了一個(gè)中國(guó)科學(xué)團(tuán)隊(duì)在動(dòng)物身上“復(fù)制”了植物所特有的光合作用的全過(guò)程。56．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AgroupofChinesescientists,however,”copied”theprocessonanimals.(然而，一群中國(guó)科學(xué)家在動(dòng)物身上“復(fù)制”了這一過(guò)程。)”及第二段“Tounderstandthenewbreakthrough,itisimportanttoknowhowphotosynthesisworksPlantstakeincarbondioxideandwaterfromtheairandsoil.Withintheplantcell,thewaterisoxidized.Thistransformsthewaterintooxygenandthecarbondioxideintoglucose(葡萄糖).Theplantthenreleasestheoxygenbackintotheairandstoresenergywithintheglucosemolecules.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromZhejiangUniversitydevelopedanindependentandcontrollablephotosyntheticsystem,accordingtothestudypublishedinNatureinearlyDecember,2022.(為了理解這一新的突破，了解光合作用是如何工作的是很重要的。植物從空氣和土壤中吸收二氧化碳和水。在植物細(xì)胞內(nèi)，水被氧化。這個(gè)過(guò)程將水轉(zhuǎn)