Agreement主謂一致

㈠就近一致原那么〔2點(diǎn)〕㈡語法一致原那么〔6點(diǎn)〕㈢個(gè)體一致原那么〔7點(diǎn)〕㈣意義一致原那么〔8點(diǎn)〕㈠就近一致1.Here

thebus.(come)2.There

somepensandaknifeonthedesk.(be)3.There

aknifeandsomepensonthedesk.(be)

comesareis1.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher

(know)anythingaboutit2.Heoryou

(have)takenmypen.3.NotonlyIbutalsoDavidandIris______fondofplayingbasketball.

A.amB.isC.areD.was

knowshaveC㈡語法一致1.主語+with(togetherwith,alongwith,),aswellas,including,ratherthan,besides,except,but,inadditionto,otherthan,like,notect.+n./pron.結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語與主語一致1.Interest,aswellasprospects______importantwhenonelooksforajob.

A.areB.wereC.isD.was

2.Thestudentswiththeirteacher

(come)intotheclassroomtogether.

Ccome2.不定式，動(dòng)名詞或從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)*但當(dāng)what引導(dǎo)的句子做主語，假設(shè)后面是“be+名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，謂語隨名詞變化。isarehasn’tEg:1.)Servingthepeoplemygreathappiness.2.)Whenwedeliverthegoodsbeendecided.〔have〕3.)Whenandwherewewillgohasn’tbeendecided.Eg:1.)Whatyoudidwasright.2.)Whatyouneed

thesedictionaries.3.定語從句中,“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”從句的謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)。假設(shè)在oneof前有the,theonly,thevery修飾時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞那么用單數(shù)。playplaysEg:1.)Sheisoneofthesewomenwho_____theviolinwell.2.)Sheistheoneofthesewomenwho______theviolinwell.(play)4.定語從句中主語是關(guān)系代詞who,that,which時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。5.在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，如被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的主語時(shí)，那么that/who后面的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語一致amhelpswasEg:I,who____yourteacher,willteachyoueverythingIknow.(be)eg:1.)ItisMikewhoalways_____metostudymathsafterclass.(help)2.)ItwasIratherthantheythat_____punishedbytheboss.(be)6.halfof…./therestof…../partof…/plentyof…/分?jǐn)?shù)〔%〕+of…..等作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞隨of后的名詞而變化。1.Four-fifthsofthecrop______.

A.areruinedB.wasruinedC.wereruinedD.havebeenruined

2.Therestofthebuildings______.

A.wasdestroyedB.isdestroyedC.weredestroyedD.hasbeendestroyedBC

1.由and連接的并列主語如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，這時(shí)and后面的名詞前沒有冠詞。

isisareisis㈢個(gè)體一致Eg.1.)Thewriterandteacher

heruncle.2.)Apoetandtheartist

comingtodeliveraspeech.3.)Myclassmateandfriend____goingtopayavisittome.4.)Aforkandknife

onthetable.5.)Warandpeace

oftenpeople’stopic.aknifeandfork一副刀叉;breadandbutter加黃油的面包;coffeeandmilk加牛奶的咖啡;whiskyandsoda

汽水saltandwater

鹽水a(chǎn)needleandthread針線;ahorseandcart四輪馬車;awatchandchain表鏈;acoatandtie;warandpeace戰(zhàn)爭與和平;truthandhonesty;medicalhelpandcureaimandend目的2.and連接的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)主語前如有each,every,no,manya(許多〕等修飾時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。isishashasEg.1.)Everytreeand(every)flower

tobecutdown.(be)2.)Nosoundandnovoice

heard.(be)3.)Manyaboyandgirl

madethesamemistake.(have)4.)Inourcountryeachboyand(each)girl_____

righttoreceiveeducation.(have)3.“manya+單數(shù)名詞/morethanone+單數(shù)名詞/oneandahalf+單數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)4.由some,any,every,no構(gòu)成的不定代詞,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)hashaseg:1.)manyaforeigner

beentotheGreatWall.2.)Morethanonestudent＿turnedupatthemeeting.(have)3.Oneandahalfbanana

eatenbytheboy.(be)was5.eachof…/eitherof…./oneof…謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).noneof…/neitherof…可單可復(fù)，根據(jù)說話人的意思決定；*但代表不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，用單數(shù)*neither作形容詞時(shí)與單數(shù)名詞連用，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

worriesiswaseg:1.)Noneofusare/isperfect.2.)Neitherofthemknow/knowstheanswer.3.)Noneofthisme.(worry〕4.)Noneofthismoneymine〔be〕Neitherstatementtrue.〔be〕6.主語是書名，劇名，報(bào)紙名，國名等復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，仍為個(gè)體，謂語用單數(shù)

isisTheUnitedStates

adevelopedcountry.7.帶引號的詞語作主語，謂語單數(shù)“I”

theninthletteroftheEnglishalphabet.㈣意義一致1.集合名詞family,class,team,group,crowd,audience,company,army,enemy,government,population…作主語，假設(shè)強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)假設(shè)強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，謂語動(dòng)詞那么用復(fù)數(shù)2.集合名詞cattle,clothes,people,thepolice表示復(fù)數(shù)意義謂語動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)復(fù)數(shù).people民族〔可數(shù)名詞，peoples).Cattle______onthehillside.

A.grazesB.isgrazingC.wasgrazingD.weregrazing

D.3.主語是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞deer,sheep,fish魚,series系列,species物種,means手段,works工廠,aircraft飛行器,ect.時(shí)，視其表達(dá)的意義而判斷謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。4.以-s結(jié)尾的一些詞theOlympicGames,manners,remains,earnings,belongings,goods,surroundings,winnings,leavings,ect.表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)hashave.Thesurroundingsofhishouse___cleannow.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

BEg:1.)Anewmeansbeenused.〔have〕2.)Manymeansnotcomeintoeffect.5.physics,politics,mathematics等一些以“-ics”結(jié)尾的詞，指學(xué)科時(shí)屬單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。isareeg.1.)Physicsisnotdifficulttolearn.2.)Mathematics

asubjectstudiedinnearlyeveryschool.注：假設(shè)指某學(xué)科能力，成績，應(yīng)用等或非學(xué)科含義時(shí)被看作復(fù)數(shù)，謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)。Mymathematicsareweak.Whatyourpolitics政治信仰/見解?6.成雙成對出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞如glasses,shoes,trousers,pants,gloves,socks,slippers,scissors等作主語時(shí)，謂語通常用復(fù)數(shù)，*但如果前有a/thepairof,a/thesuitof等詞語修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與pair,suit等一致。Eg.1)Mytrousers

verynice.2)Apairofshoes

underthebed.

isare7.主語是疑問代詞who,what,which,不定代詞all,more,most,any,none等以及名詞half,part,therest等既可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義又可表示單數(shù)意義，其謂語視它們所代指的名詞而定。

Eg:1.)Whichismorevaluable,healthorwealth?2.)Which(be)prettier,theseorthose?3.)wehadsomepaper,buttherest

putback.(be)wasare*the+adj.表示一類抽象概念時(shí)，謂語也單數(shù)Thenewis

suretoreplacetheold.Thecomplicateis

difficulttounderstand.8.“the+形容詞”做主語時(shí)，表示一類人或物時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)；表示具體一個(gè)個(gè)體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)。.areisEg

Theyoung

betteratlearningnewthings.2)Theyoung

myuncle.

Multiplechoice:1.Onthewall______twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging(C85)2.“Newsofvictories_____pouringinasourarmyadvances,”thecompanycommandersaid.A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.havekept(C85)3.There_____alotofmilkandsomecoffeeinthebottle.A.areB.isC.wereD.has(C86)4.Zhang’sfamily____ratherbig,withtwelvepeopleinall.A.isB.areC.beingD.was(C85)5.NobodybutJane____thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown(C86)

Multiplechoice:6.Allbutone_____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were(C87NO.45)7.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffer