試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁惠州市2024屆高三第三次調(diào)研考試試題英語試卷共8頁，卷面滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，用簽字筆直接將答案寫在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AIfyouwishtofeelhappier,cookbetterorjustlearnrandomthings,herearesomeofthemostexcitingpodcast(播客)seriesthatcanhelpyouthroughyourlearningjourney.TenPercentHappierTenPercentHappierwascreatedbyDanHarris.Hehassomeinterestingguests,suchasPandoraSkyes,totalkaboutpersonaldevelopment.Danbelievesthatyoucantrainyourselftobehappy,andyoushouldexpectprogresstocomeslowly.Thepodcastcurrentlyhasover700episodes,eachwithdifferenttimelengths,from6minutesto30minutes.DeliciousWaystoFeelBetterEllaWoodwardapproachesasensitivesubjectaboutourrelationshipwithfood.Morethan100episodesarewaitingforyou,andtheaveragelengthofanepisodeisaboutonehour.Thispodcastcanhelpyoufixyournegativefoodexperienceswithpositiveones,whichcanresultinenjoyingalltypesoffoodinmoderationandrespectingyourbody’snaturalhungercues.PowerHourAdrienneHerberthasmademorethan250episodesinwhichshetalksaboutmotivation,trends,careerpathsandanythingaboutself-improvement.Anewepisodeairseveryweekandusuallylastsforanhour,soit’saperfectpodcastwhenyouneedalittlebitofaboosttokeepgoing.Adriennealsoinvitesprofessionalstoherpodcaststodiscussimportantmatters.Listeningtoapodcastcanteachyoumanythingsbutalsohelpyourelaxafteralongdayatwork.However,thesoothingvoicesofthehostsandtheengagingsubjectswillmakeyoubecomeinterestedinpersonalgrowthanddevelopment,whichisessentialforyoutohaveabetterlife.1．Whocreatedthepodcastwiththemostepisodes?A．AdrienneHerbert. B．EllaWoodward.C．PandoraSkyes. D．DanHarris.2．WhatdoDeliciousWaystoFeelBetterandPowerHourhaveincommon?A．Sensitivesubjects. B．Averagelength.C．Specialguests. D．Targetaudiences.3．Whyarethepodcastsintroduced?A．Toemphasizeself-growth. B．Tosuggestnewlifestyles.C．Toofferwaysofmakingfood. D．Toarousediscussiononhottopics.BMymomspentyearsasastay-at-homemomsothatmybrothersandIcouldfocusonoureducation.However,Icouldtellfromhercuriosityofandattitudestowardworkingwomenthatsheenviedtheirfinancialfreedomandtheself-esteemthatmustcomewithit.WhenIaskedheraboutworkingagain,shewouldtellmetofocusonachievingmydream.Iknewshehadoncedreamedforherself.Foryears,Iwatchedheteffortlesslylightupconversationswithbothstrangersandfamily.Herempathyandabilitytoreachtheheartcouldmakeanyonelaugh,evenwhenthestoryitselfdidnotapplytothematall.“Mom,haveyoueverthoughtaboutbeingastand-upcomedian?”“Itistoolateforme,son,”sheresponded,laughingattheidea.Icouldnotbeartowatchherstrugglebetweenambitionanddoubt.Herbirthdaywascomingup.AlthoughIhadalreadyboughtherapresent,IknewwhatIactuallywantedtogiveher.Iplacedlittlenotesofencouragementinsidethepresent.Iaskedmyfamilyandherfriendstodothesame.EventuallyIhadcollected146notes,andeachwiththesamesentiment:“Youarehumorous,fulloflife,andreadytotakeonthestage.”O(jiān)nthedayofherbirthday,mymomunwrappedmypresent.Shewasnotsurprisedasshehadhintedatitforlong.Butthenshesawthoselittlenotes.Shestartedtoweepwithherhandsfullofnotes.Shecouldnotbelievethesupportwasreal.Withintwomonths,mymomgaveherfirstperformanceinaNewYorkcomedyclub.Ihavereadthenotescountlesstimeswithmymom.Theyareframedandlinethewallsofhernewofficespacethatsherentedwiththeprofitsshemadefromworkingasaprofessionalcomedian.Formanyparents,theirchildren’scareersaretheirgreatestaccomplishment,butformemymom’sismine.4．Whatwastheattitudeoftheauthor’smothertoworkingwomen?A．Shewascuriousabouttheirincome. B．Sheadmiredwhatworkbroughtthem.C．Shefeltindifferenttoworkingwomen. D．Sheappreciatedtheirambitionsinfinance.5．Accordingtotheauthor,whatmakeshismotheragoodcomedian?A．Hereffortinmakingfriends. B．Hertalenttobringpeoplejoy.C．Hercuriosityaboutworkingwomen. D．Herdesireforfinancialindependence.6．Howdidhismotherfeelwhenreadingthenotesonherbirthday?A．Amazedandhesitant. B．Sadanddisappointed.C．Movedandencouraged. D．Delightedandproud.7．Whatistheauthor’sgreatestaccomplishment?A．SupportingMom’sdream. B．Achievinghisowndream.C．Securingfinancialfreedom. D．Becomingasuccessfulcomedian.CSomewordsimitatethesoundsmadebythethingstheydescribe,like“buzz”or“hiss”,whichiscalledonomatopoeia(擬聲詞).Butwhatifthewayawordsoundscouldarousesomeotherfeatureofanobject,likeitsshape?MarcusPerlman,alecturerattheUniversityofBirmingham,saysthatacenturyago,linguists(語言學(xué)家)insistedthatthewordsofobjectsdon’tnecessarilysoundliketheverythings.There’snothingdoggy-soundingabouttheworddogorcatlike-soundingaboutthewordcat.Butthere’splentyofevidencenowprovingitfalse.Tofurtherexplorethisconnection,Perlmanandhiscolleaguesturnedtosomethingcalledthebouba/kikieffect.Whatitisaboutisthatwhenyouseetwoshapes-onelookslikeacloud,kindofroundish,andtheotheroneismorespiky(尖形的),likeastar-andwhenyou’reaskedtosaywhichoneisbouba,youwillbemorelikelytopointtoaroundedoneand,forkiki,toaspikyone.Oneexplanationfortheeffectcouldbetheappearanceoftheletters.Theroundshapeofb-o-u-b-amightarousethesenseofroundness.Butwhathappenswhenyoudon’tseethewordsbuthearthem?Inafollowingtest,participantsweretoldtolookatthetwoshapesandthenlistentothesound:eitherboubaorkiki.Whatevertheirnativelanguageis,mostparticipantssaidtheroundershapewasboubaandthespikyonewaskiki.Thissuggeststhattheeffectseemstobedrivenbysomecorrespondence(對應(yīng)關(guān)系)betweenthespokenwordsandtheshapes,whichmightbringusclosertohowthefirstwordscame.8．WhatmayMarcusParlmanbelieveaboutthewordsofobjects?A．Wordssoundinglikeobjectsdon’texist. B．Wordsdon’thavetosoundlikeobjects.C．Wordsofobjectsaredifficulttounderstand. D．Wordspronunciationisconnectedtoobjects.9．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thedistinctionbetweenvariousshapes. B．Theexplanationofthebouba/kikieffect.C．Thecomparisonbetweenboubaandkiki. D．Theintroductiontothebouba/kikieffect.10．Whichshapemaytheparticipantschooseafterhearingthe“bauba”sound?A．Astar. B．Acircle. C．Apyramid. D．Adiamond.11．Whatissuggestedinthetext?A．Differentlanguagesmayhavethesameorigins.B．Thewordboubaorkikicanbefoundinlanguages.C．Theeffectmayhelpunderstandtheoriginoflanguage.D．Thesecretoflanguageformationhasbeendiscovered.DWeallsometimesbehaveinwaysthatseemtoconflictwithourgoalsandintentions.Onepersonmightwishtospendmoretimewithfamilybutinsteadfindthemselvesmindlesslybrowsingsocialmedia.Anothermayrepeatedlyignoretheiralarmandmisstheirmorningworkout.Ifweonlyhadmorewillpower,theconventionalwisdomgoes,wecouldeathealthier,exerciseregularly,andspendmoretimewithlovedones.However,inDetermined:AScienceofLifewithoutFreeWill,scientistRobertSapolskyarguesthatsuchchoicesareactuallydeterminedbyfactorsbeyondourcontrol.Sapolskydemonstratesinhisbookhowvariousfactorsinfluenceourintentionsandactions.Hedescribesscientificevidencethatthoseinfluencesmayoccurminutes,hours,ordaysbeforeouractions;somemayevenbeginyearsearlier.Forexample,peopleraisedinacollectivistculturetendtoavoidobstacles(障礙)whenwalkingwhereasthoseraisedinindependentcultureswillremovetheobstacles.Inparticular,Sapolskyarguesagainsttheclaimthat“l(fā)uck”evens(均等)outovertime,withfortuneandmisfortunestrikingmostpeopleinequalmeasure,anideafavoredbyothers.Instead,heprovidesconvincingexamplesthatmanywhoareborn“unlucky”havelittlechanceofgettingahead.AlthoughSapolskyiscarefulnottoconfusedeterminismwiththeinabilitytoaffectchangeintheworld,hisunclearattitudetowardhowdeterminismmightcoexistwithfreewillisoneofthebook’sweakpoints.Nonetheless,thisbookisworthreading.Betteryet,pairitwithKevinMitchell’sbookFreeAgents:HowEvolutionGaveUsFreeWill,whichmakestheoppositeargument,andthen,decideforyourselfwhetheryouhadachoicetodosooritwasallpredetermined.12．Howisthetopicintroducedinthefirstparagraph?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bylistingstatistics.C．Byraisingarguments. D．Bydrawingconclusions.13．AccordingtoSapolsky,whatdetermine(s)ourchoicesandactions?A．Levelofwillpower. B．Randomluck.C．Uncontrollableelements. D．Conventionalwisdom.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collectivist”mean?A．Low-esteemed. B．Determined. C．Self-centered. D．Cooperative.15．Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．ExplorationonFreeWill B．WisdominDecisionMakingC．ViewsonDeterminismandFreeWill D．ConflictsbetweenGoalsandChoices第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Shoppinginthesalesfeelslikeasubtlewaytospend.Lowerpricesnaturallyequalmoneysaved.16Sometimesyouthinkyou’regettingabargain,butactuallyyou’repayingmorethanyouneedto.So,followthetipsbelowandyou’llhopefullybeontherighttrack.Onlybuyessentials.Youmighthavebeentemptedtobuyamuchhigheritemthanyouactuallyneed,simplybecausewe’redazzledbythesizeofthediscount.Sodespitethesavingsmadeonthefullpriceitem,it’sactuallyahugewasteofcash.17Youcanevenhavea“need”notewhichyouaddtoregularly,allowingyoutofocusyourshoppingduringthesales.18Justbecausethere’sasalerunningwithalowerprice,doesn’tmeanyoucanscrambleforthegoodsimmediately.Ifyoucanwait,somepricehistorywebsitesareagreatwaytogetasenseofanyregularlyoccurringpricevariations.Certainitemswillhavealifecycletoo.ChristmascardsanddecorationsarebargainsinJanuarywhileTVstendtobeattheirlowestpricesintheearlysummerwhenthenewermodelsarereleased.19Sothisisonlyastrategyfornon-essentials.Checkforalternatives.Finally,evenifyouthinkyou’vegotthebestpriceoutthere-oratleastoneyou’rehappytopay-it’sworthcheckingyou’renotoverpayingstillwhencomparedtosimilarproducts.20.Thatcouldmeanstayingawayfromhigh-endbrands,lookingforsecondhanditemsortryingadifferentbutsimilarstyle.A．Timewhenyoubuy.B．Comparepricesnow.C．Sadly,therearetricksplayedbyretailers.D．It’seasytogetcaughtupinsalesandspendwhenyoudon’tneedto.E．Thebestwaytoavoidthisistocreateamust-havelistbeforeshopping.F．Theremaywellbecheapersubstitutesthatdothesamejobbutcostless.G．Butyoumighthavefeweroptionstochoosefrom,orwillevenmissout.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）MygrandmothersuffersfromAlzheimer’sdisease.Seeingherconditionworsenovertime,andknowingIcoulddonothing,createdafeelingof21inme.Astheyearspassedandmyunderstandingofthediseasegrew,myfrustrationturnedfirsttoanger,thenresignation(順從),andfinally22.Thoughthediseasewasboundtoslowlyeatawayather,therewerewaysto23itsprogress.Everynightthetwoofuswouldsittogetherand24whilemygrandmotherwouldcountbeans.Theexercisecouldhelptokeephermentally25.Graduallyhercountingbecameslower,andshewouldlosetrackofthingsmore26.Whileatnightwewouldcountbeans,inthedayIinvolvedmyselfinstudiesof27.Myearlierfeelingsofdespairgavewayto28;advancesingeneticengineeringofferedthepossibilitythatonedaythoselikemygrandmothercouldbecured,or29fromdevelopingAlzheimer’sinthefirstplace.Seeingmygrandmotherslipaway30metotakebiologycoursestolearnmoreaboutcells,thenervoussystem,andgeneticinformation,whichhelpedmebetterunderstandhowour31ofthisdiseasehasgrowninthepastdecade.32IbegantoseenewpossibilitiesforpreventingdiseaseslikeAlzheimer’s.Nowadays,mygrandmothercannotcountbeansanymoreanddoesn’t33meatall.OncesheusedtotellmestoriesandIwhisperedtoherallmyproblems.NowIama34toher.HowIwishonedayIcouldcontributetoafuture,wherenochildhastowatchtheirgrandmothercountthe35theyhavelefttogether.21．A．regret B．dilemma C．a(chǎn)nnoyance D．hopelessness22．A．pity B．sympathy C．tolerance D．a(chǎn)cceptance23．A．stop B．slow C．change D．a(chǎn)ccelerate24．A．chat B．sigh C．think D．complain25．A．strong B．sharp. C．busy D．fresh26．A．easily B．naturally C．slowly D．painfully27．A．nursing B．biology C．companion D．psychology28．A．a(chǎn)nxiety B．calmness C．optimism D．indifference29．A．excused B．defended C．prevented D．separated30．A．urged B．forced C．required D．motivated31．A．concern B．sympathy C．knowledge D．experience32．A．Instantly B．Gradually C．Temporarily D．Accidentally33．A．miss B．expect C．notice D．recognize34．A．listener B．follower C．stranger D．watcher35．A．time B．beans C．money D．stories第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。FromtheadorablepandasinSichuantotheplayfulPallas’scatsinInnerMongolia,photographerXieJianguohascommittedhimselftodocumentingChina’srareandendangeredanimals,36highlightthecountry’suniquenaturalwonders.Xie’spassionfor37(photograph)wildanimalsisevidentinhisfrequentvisitstotheremotedestinationssuchastheArcticcontinent.Since2012,XieJianguohasredirectedhislens(鏡頭)towardhishomeland,focusing38wildlifeinChina.Nowhis39(footprint)havecoverednearlyalltheprovincesandregionsthroughoutChina.Duringhisshootingprocess,Xie40(place)greatemphasisonbuildingaharmoniousrelationshipwiththeanimalsheencounters,ensuringthattheyareundisturbedandrepresentedintheirnaturalstate.Xiesaid,“Iameager41(record)thebeautifulmomentsofwildlife,tonotonlyrepresenttheirlivingconditionsbutalsotoraisepeople’s42(aware)ofprotectingwildanimalsandtheirhabitats.43(hopeful),myimagescanshowthebiodiversityandtheachievementsofwildlifeprotectioninChina.”WiththeaimofpreservingthenaturalbeautyofChina44promotingitsrichnaturalimageculturetotheworld,Xielaunchedaprojectcalled“NatureImageChina”in2016.Sofar,over100photoexhibitions45(organize)bytheprojectathomeandabroad.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46．假定你是李華，上周末參加了學(xué)校舉辦的書法講座?，F(xiàn)在你打算給英文?？陡?，分享活動心得。內(nèi)容包括：1.講座時間和地點：2.講座內(nèi)容；3.你的感想。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Thefourthgraders’schooldaywascomingtoanend.Wilsonwasfillinghisbackpackwhenavoicecameoutoftheloudspeaker.“Goodafternoon,students.ThisisareminderthattheAll-CityMathContestwillbeintwoweeks.Thecontestisopentofifthandsixthgraders,andthetopprizeisfiftydollars.Pleasespeaktoyourteacherifyou’dliketoparticipate.“IamconfidentthatIcouldexcelinthatcontest,”Wilsonthoughttohimself.Determinedtoparticipateinthecompetition,herushedtohisteacher’sdeskandtoldherthathewantedtoenterthatmathcontest.Ms.Joneslookedupfromherpapersandsaid,“That’swonderful,Wilson,butI’mafraidthatthiscontestisforfifthandsixthgradersonly.Besides,ourclasshasnotyetcoveredsomeofthetopicsthatwillbetested.”Wilsonwasnotreadytogiveup.Heknewhehadanaturaltalentformath.“ButyouknowthatI’mgoodatmath!”Wilsonprotested.“Idomathproblemswithmybrotherallthetime-andhe’sinsixthgrade!IthinkIcoulddoreallywell!”“Youareaverygoodmathstudent,Wilson,butrulesarerules.I’msurethatyoucanenternextyear.”Wilsoncamehomefrustratedanddisappointed,stormedupstairswithoutsayingawordtohismother,andslammedthedoortohisroomshut.Hismotherquicklyappearedathisdoor,knocked,andcamein.“Dear,didsomethinghappentoday?”Shewasconcerned.Wilsonwasquietforaminute,thenitallcameout.Inaburstofemotion,hetoldhismomaboutthecontest,howexcitedhewastoenter,andhowangryhefeltwhenhisteachertoldhimthathewouldn’tbeallowedtodosothisyear.“It’sjustnotfair,Mom,”hecomplained.“IknowIcouldreallydowellonit.Whywon’ttheyletme?”Wilson’smotherputherhandonhisshoulder.“Sometimes,son,”shesaidsoftly,“peoplefollowrulesevenwhentheydon’tmakesense.Perhapsyoucanpersuadeyourteachertomakeanexceptionforyou.”Wilsonperkedup:hehadanidea.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Thenextday,WilsonwentstraighttoMs.Jones’office.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Fortyminuteslater,hefinishedMs.Jones’testandhandedittoher.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁1．D2．B3．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三個促進(jìn)個人成長的播客。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thepodcastcurrentlyhasover700episodes,eachwithdifferenttimelengths,from6minutesto30minutes.(該播客目前有700多集，每集的時長從6分鐘到30分鐘不等)”，第三段“Morethan100episodesarewaitingforyou,andtheaveragelengthofanepisodeisaboutonehour.(100多集在等著你，平均每集時長約1小時)”以及第四段“AdrienneHerberthasmademorethan250episodesinwhichshetalksaboutmotivation,trends,careerpathsandanythingaboutself-improvement.(阿德里安娜·赫伯特已經(jīng)制作了250多集，她在其中談?wù)摿藙訖C、趨勢、職業(yè)道路和任何關(guān)于自我提升的事情)”故可知，集數(shù)最多的是由DanHarris創(chuàng)作的TenPercentHappier。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Morethan100episodesarewaitingforyou,andtheaveragelengthofanepisodeisaboutonehour.(100多集在等著你，平均每集時長約1小時)”以及第四段“Anewepisodeairseveryweekandusuallylastsforanhour,soit’saperfectpodcastwhenyouneedalittlebitofaboosttokeepgoing.(每周播出一集，通常持續(xù)一個小時，所以當(dāng)你需要一點動力來繼續(xù)前進(jìn)時，這是一個完美的播客)”可知，兩個播客每集的平均時長大約都是1小時。故選B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“However,thesoothingvoicesofthehostsandtheengagingsubjectswillmakeyoubecomeinterestedinpersonalgrowthanddevelopment,whichisessentialforyoutohaveabetterlife.(然而，主持人舒緩的聲音和引人入勝的主題會讓你對個人成長和發(fā)展產(chǎn)生興趣，這對你過上更好的生活至關(guān)重要)”可推知，作者介紹這些播客的目的是讓讀者重視自我成長。故選A。4．B5．B6．C7．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者看到媽媽對職業(yè)女性的憧憬和羨慕，用鼓勵的方式幫媽媽實現(xiàn)夢想的故事，彰顯了親情之愛。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,Icouldtellfromhercuriosityofandattitudestowardworkingwomenthatsheenviedtheirfinancialfreedomandtheself-esteemthatmustcomewithit.(然而，從她對職業(yè)女性的好奇和態(tài)度中，我可以看出她羨慕她們的財務(wù)自由和隨之而來的自尊)”可知，作者媽媽對職業(yè)女性的態(tài)度是好奇的，羨慕職業(yè)女性因工作所帶來的財政自由和自尊，故選B。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Foryears,Iwatchedheteffortlesslylightupconversationswithbothstrangersandfamily.Herempathyandabilitytoreachtheheartcouldmakeanyonelaugh,evenwhenthestoryitselfdidnotapplytothematall.(多年來，我看到她毫不費力地點亮了與陌生人和家人的談話。她的同情心和打動人心的能力能讓任何人開懷大笑，即使這個故事本身并不適用于他們)”可知，作者媽媽在與人交流和逗笑他人方面上有天賦，所以推薦媽媽去當(dāng)一名單口相聲演員。故選B。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Shewasnotsurprisedasshehadhintedatitforlong.Butthenshesawthoselittlenotes.Shestartedtoweepwithherhandsfullofnotes.Shecouldnotbelievethesupportwasreal.(她并不感到驚訝，因為她早就得到暗示過了。但后來她看到了那些小紙條。她開始哭了，手里拿滿了紙條。她不敢相信這種支持是真的)”可推知，媽媽看到紙條的反應(yīng)十分感動和受鼓勵，故選C。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Formanyparents,theirchildren’scareersaretheirgreatestaccomplishment,butformemymom’sismine.(對許多父母來說，孩子的事業(yè)是他們最大的成就，但對我來說，媽媽的事業(yè)就是我的)”可知，作者最大的成就是支持媽媽的夢想。故選A。8．D9．D10．B11．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文通過介紹語言學(xué)家MarcusPerlman針對bouba/kikieffect語言現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行的測試，進(jìn)而得出這一語言現(xiàn)象背后可能的原因：單詞和形狀似乎存在著對應(yīng)關(guān)系，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)有可能有助于我們探尋語言的起源。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“MarcusPerlman,alecturerattheUniversityofBirmingham,saysthatacenturyago,linguists(語言學(xué)家)insistedthatthewordsofobjectsdon’tnecessarilysoundliketheverythings.There’snothingdoggy-soundingabouttheworddogorcatlike-soundingaboutthewordcat.Butthere’splentyofevidencenowprovingitfalse.Tofurtherexplorethisconnection,Perlmanandhiscolleaguesturnedtosomethingcalledthebouba/kikieffect.(伯明翰大學(xué)的講師馬庫斯·帕爾曼說，一個世紀(jì)以前，語言學(xué)家堅持認(rèn)為，物體的單詞聽起來不一定像物體本身?！肮贰边@個詞聽起來一點也不像狗，“貓”這個詞聽起來也不像貓。但現(xiàn)在有大量證據(jù)證明這是錯誤的。為了進(jìn)一步探索這種聯(lián)系，帕爾曼和他的同事們轉(zhuǎn)向了一種叫做bouba/kiki效應(yīng)的東西)”可知，馬庫斯·帕爾曼認(rèn)為單詞的發(fā)音與物體有關(guān)。故選D。9．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Tofurtherexplorethisconnection,Perlmanandhiscolleaguesturnedtosomethingcalledthebouba/kikieffect.(為了進(jìn)一步探索這種聯(lián)系，帕爾曼和他的同事們轉(zhuǎn)向了一種叫做bouba/kiki效應(yīng)的東西)”以及第三段“Whatitisaboutisthatwhenyouseetwoshapes-onelookslikeacloud,kindofroundish,andtheotheroneismorespiky(尖形的),likeastar-andwhenyou’reaskedtosaywhichoneisbouba,youwillbemorelikelytopointtoaroundedoneand,forkiki,toaspikyone.Oneexplanationfortheeffectcouldbetheappearanceoftheletters.Theroundshapeofb-o-u-b-amightarousethesenseofroundness.Butwhathappenswhenyoudon’tseethewordsbuthearthem?(它是關(guān)于當(dāng)你看到兩個形狀——一個看起來像云，有點圓，另一個更尖，像星星——當(dāng)你被要求說出哪個是bouba時，你更有可能指向一個圓的，而kiki則指向一個尖的。對這種影響的一種解釋可能是字母的外觀。b-o-u-b-a的圓形可能會引起圓的感覺。但是，當(dāng)你看不見文字，但聽到它們時，會發(fā)生什么呢？)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于bouba/kiki效應(yīng)的介紹。故選D。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Whatevertheirnativelanguageis,mostparticipantssaidtheroundershapewasboubaandthespikyonewaskiki.(不管他們的母語是什么，大多數(shù)參與者都說圓形的是bouba，尖的是kiki)”可知，在聽到“bauba”的聲音后，參與者會選擇圓圈。故選B。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句“Thissuggeststhattheeffectseemstobedrivenbysomecorrespondence(對應(yīng)關(guān)系)betweenthespokenwordsandtheshapes,whichmightbringusclosertohowthefirstwordscame.(這表明，這種效應(yīng)似乎是由口語和形狀之間的某種對應(yīng)關(guān)系所驅(qū)動的，這可能會讓我們更接近于第一個單詞是如何產(chǎn)生的)”可推知，這篇文章暗示了這種效應(yīng)可能有助于理解語言的起源。故選C。12．A13．C14．D15．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家RobertSapolsky在《決定：一門沒有自由意志的生命科學(xué)》一書中的觀點，認(rèn)為人的行為方式有時與目標(biāo)和意圖相沖突，這實際上是由無法控制的因素決定的。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Onepersonmightwishtospendmoretimewithfamilybutinsteadfindthemselvesmindlesslybrowsingsocialmedia.Anothermayrepeatedlyignoretheiralarmandmisstheirmorningworkout.(有人可能希望花更多的時間和家人在一起，但卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在漫無目的地瀏覽社交媒體。另一些人可能會反復(fù)忽略他們的鬧鐘，錯過早上的鍛煉)”可推知，作者通過舉兩個例子的方式來引入文章的話題。故選A。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,inDetermined:AScienceofLifewithoutFreeWill,scientistRobertSapolskyarguesthatsuchchoicesareactuallydeterminedbyfactorsbeyondourcontrol.(然而，在《決定：一門沒有自由意志的生命科學(xué)》一書中，科學(xué)家羅伯特·薩波爾斯基認(rèn)為，這些選擇實際上是由我們無法控制的因素決定的)”可知，科學(xué)家RobertSapolsky認(rèn)為，是不可控的因素決定了我們的選擇和行動。故選C。14．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“culturetendtoavoidobstacles(障礙)whenwalkingwhereasthoseraisedinindependentcultureswillremovetheobstacles”可知，通過句子中的語義轉(zhuǎn)折詞“whereas”以及跟劃線詞形成對比的單詞independent“自立的；獨立的”可知，在集體主義文化中長大的人在路上遇到障礙時會避開，而在個人主義文化中長大的人則會去清除障礙。故劃線單詞的意思是“合作的；共同的”與D項的“cooperative”意思相近。故選D。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“However,inDetermined:AScienceofLifewithoutFreeWill,scientistRobertSapolskyarguesthatsuchchoicesarethusactuallydeterminedbyfactorsbeyondourcontrol.(然而，在《決定：一門沒有自由意志的生命科學(xué)》一書中，科學(xué)家羅伯特·薩波爾斯基認(rèn)為，這些選擇實際上是由我們無法控制的因素決定的)”以及最后一段“AlthoughSapolskyiscarefulnottoconfusedeterminismwiththeinabilitytoaffectchangeintheworld,hisunclearattitudetowardhowdeterminismmightcoexistwithfreewillisoneofthebook’sweakpoints.(盡管薩波爾斯基小心翼翼地避免將決定論與無法影響世界變化混為一談，但他對決定論如何與自由意志共存的不明確態(tài)度是這本書的一個弱點)”綜合可知，文章主要講述了Sapolsky在其書中表明的有關(guān)決定論與自由意識的觀點，故C選項“關(guān)于決定論和自由意志的觀點”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。16．C17．E18．A19．G20．F【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了消費者在促銷活動中保持明智的三種購物方法。16．根據(jù)上文“Shoppinginthesalesfeelslikeasubtlewaytospend.Lowerpricesnaturallyequalmoneysaved.(在促銷活動中購物感覺像是一種精明的消費方式，較低的價格自然就等于節(jié)省下來的錢。)”以及下文“Sometimesyouthinkyou’regettingabargain,butactuallyyou’repayingmorethanyouneedto.(有時你以為買到了便宜貨，但實際上你付出的比你需要的更多。)”可知，兩句之間需要承上啟下的過渡句，C選項Sadly,therearetricksplayedbyretailers.(遺憾的是零售商經(jīng)常運用一些伎倆。)承上啟下，同時下文與該句構(gòu)成解釋關(guān)系。故選C項。17．根據(jù)上文“Youmighthavebeentemptedtobuyamuchhigheritemthanyouactuallyneed,simplybecausewe’redazzledbythesizeofthediscount.(你可能會被誘惑以更高的價格購入一件物品，僅僅因為我們被折扣的幅度弄得眼花繚亂。)”以及下文“Youcanevenhavea‘need’notewhichyouaddtoregularly,allowingyoutofocusyourshoppingduringthesales.(你甚至可以有一個可定期添加的‘需要’便條，讓你在促銷活動期間專注于你的購物。)”可知，該處應(yīng)為問題的解決辦法。E選項Thebestwaytoavoidthisistocreateamust-havelistbeforeshopping(避免這種情況的最好方法是在購物前創(chuàng)建一個必備清單)符合語境，其中的this指代上文的betemptedtobuyamuchhigheritemthanyouactuallyneed，且amust-havelist與下文的note對應(yīng)。故選E項。18．根據(jù)該空所處位置判斷其應(yīng)為簡短祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)的小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Justbecausethere’sasalerunningwithalowerprice,doesn’tmeanyoucanscrambleforthegoodsimmediately.(僅僅因為有降價的銷售，并不意味著你可以立即搶購商品。)”以及“ChristmascardsanddecorationsarebargainsinJanuarywhileTVstendtobeattheirlowestpricesintheearlysummerwhenthenewermodelsarereleased.(圣誕卡和裝飾品在一月份是便宜貨，而電視往往在初夏新款發(fā)布時價格最低。)”可知，本段建議讀者安排好購物的時間，以便獲得更低的價格。A項“安排你的購物時間”可以作為小標(biāo)題，總領(lǐng)全段。故選A項。19．根據(jù)下文“Sothisisonlyastrategyfornon-essentials.(因此這只是一種針對非必需品的策略)”可知，這里降價只是一種促銷方式，G選項Butyoumighthavefeweroptionstochoosefrom,orwillevenmissout.(但你的選擇會更少，甚至?xí)e過。)符合語境，與下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，且與上文“誕卡和裝飾品在一月份是便宜貨，而電視往往在初夏新款發(fā)布時價格最低”承接自然，雖然價格便宜但選擇更少。故選G項。20．根據(jù)下文“Thatcouldmeanstayingawayformhigh-endbrands,