新編研究生英語系列教材學(xué)術(shù)綜合英語ComprehensiveAcademicEnglishForGraduates聽力材料羅立勝上海外語教育出版社目錄Unit1PresentingaSpeech 1RoadBuilding 1TheMississippiRiverinAmerica 1Unit2EnergyConservation 2AnEyewitnesstoChangesinChina 2Talkwith“HarryPotter”–DanielRadcliffeAnswersQuestionsformFans 4Unit3Traffic 5DrivingWhileonaCellPhoneWorseThanDrivingWhileDrunk 5QuakeKillsatLeast300onIndonesianIsland 6Unit4SocialBehavior 7TheMen’sMovement:WhatDoesItMeantoBeaMan? 7HusbandsandWives:aCallerformNorthbridge 8Unit5Population 9SuicideonCampus 9Chinavs.India 10Unit6ACityinChina 11WhatDoestheFutureHoldforMarriage? 11ShouldTeacherHavethePowertoSearchforKnives? 12Unit7DishonoringtheHonorSystem 13OpeningSpeechfortheUK’sFirstDisabledPeople’sParliament 13OpeningSpeechfortheSydney2000OlympicGames 13Unit8PEIEnergyFramework 14NuclearPowerPlants 14ShouldThereBeMoreNuclearPowerPlantsintheUS? 15Unit1PresentingaSpeechRoadBuildingTheMississippiRiverinAmericaUnit2EnergyConservationAnEyewitnesstoChangesinChina(Y:YangRui,anchorofDialogue,CCTV-9R:SidneyRittenberg,presidentofRittenbergAssociates,Incorporated.)Y:Mr.Rittenberg,youareasuccessfulbusinessmanandalsoabignametotheChineseduetoyourcloseassociationwiththefirstgenerationofthePRCleaders.HowdoyoulookattheimpactthatthatexperiencehashadonyourcurrentperceptionofChina'sreformanddevelopment?R:IfeelinmyheartthatwhatI’mdoingtodayisacontinuationofwhatIwastryingtodointhethatis,Ihadthisambition,thisdream,fromthetimethatIbeganstudyingChineseatStanfordUniversityin1943，IhadthisdreamofworkingtobuildbridgesbetweenChinesepeopleandAmericanpeople,andtohelpthemunderstandeachotherandcooperatetogether.AndItriedtodothatinthepast,workinginChinainMao’sday.Andthat'sexactlywhatI'mtryingtodotoday.IreallythinkthatwhatI'mdoingtodayismoreeffectivethanwhatIwasabletodointhepast.Y:AtthattimemanyforeignerscametoChina,butyouwereamongtheveryfewwhogotclosetotheCommunistPartyofChina.R:Youknow,it’squiteobvioustomethattheonlyreasonthattheCommunistPartyofChinawasabletowininthefinalstagesoftheCivilWarisbecauseoftheirextremelycloserelationswiththepeople.TheChinesepeoplethatcametoknowthem,trustedthemandconsideredthemtheirrepresentatives.ThissmallpeasantarmyledbyMaoZedonghadnotanks,nobigguns,noplanes,andwasgreatlyoutnumberedbytheopposition,whichwasthemostpowerfularmedforceinAsiaaftertheSecondWorldWar.Andyetinonlythreeandahalfyears,theNationalistswerecompletelydefeatedanddrivenofftotheislandprovinceofTaiwan.Why?BecausethetiesthattheCommunistshadwiththeChinesepeoplewereunbreakable.Theyhadtheirtrust.Theyhadtheirconfidenceandsupport.AndthatwassomethingthattheNationalistswerenotabletoget.

Youknow,theRevolutionaryArmywasapoorarmy,evenintermsofthefoodtheygot.Thesoldiershadgrasssandalsthattheymadethemselvesalongthemarch.Butwhatmadethemdoit?Thefactthattheyhadavision.Theybelievedthattheywerefightingfortheirland,fortheirfamilytohavetheirownfarmland,andforafairgovernmentthatwouldlistentothepeopleanddowhattheyneeded.SothisistheonlyexplanationIcanthinkofforwhytheywereabletowin.Y:IntheLongMarchyoujusttalkedabout,theCommunistarmyhadtoovercomeextremedifficulties.ButinthenewLongMarchofmodernizationtoday,wearealsofacingdifficulties,thoughverydifferent.What’syourviewofthisnewLongMarch?agreewithcallingthisanewLongMarch,onlythebarriersareverydifferent.werecertainlyverygrimandthreatening.Someofthesebarrierslookverygoodandinvitingbutactuallytheyarenot.Imean,inthedaysbeforeandduringtheLongMarch,theleadershadthetaskofstudyingtheChineserealityandgettingeverybodythattheycouldinfluencetostudyrealityandfromittoderiveasetofpolicies,practicalstrategiestoguideeverybody.Sopeoplehadasharedvisionanddream.Theyweremotivatedbythiscommondreamtoworktogether.AndIthink,duringthecurrentLongMarchofmodernization,Chinawouldneedtodothesamething,tograduallystudyChineserealityanddevelopasetofstrategies,acommonvisionandasetofvaluesthatmostpeoplewillshare.Andthenyou'llfindthatyoudon'thaveaproblemofdisconnectionbetweenthecentralgovernmentandlocalgovernments,oraproblemofabiggapbetweencityandcountrylife.Y:Still,peoplearewonderinginthiscountrywhywewereabletolivewithpovertybuthaveproblemslivingwiththenewwealth.Againit’sthelackofapractical,down-to-earth,realisticvisionthateveryoneshares,inmyopinion.Irememberafterthe“GreatLeapForward”whentherewasafamine,many,manypeopleinBeijing,includinggovernmentworkers,professorsinschools,theirfaceswereswollenbecausepeopleweren’tgettingenoughfood.Butnobodyadmittedthatitwasbecauseofmalnutrition.Noonesaid,“It’sbecausewedon’thaveenoughfood.”Youknow,Ipersonallydon’tthinkthat,formostpeople,theyweremotivatedjustforadistantfuturedreamofCommunism.Itwasbecauseofwhatthenewgovernmenthadactuallyalreadydoneforthepeople:workersgottheireighthoursaday,farmersgottheirownlandforthefirsttime,thepublichealthcampaigns,etc.Thesethingsraisedthestandardsofliving,especiallyduringthefirstfiveorsixyearsfrom1949to1955.Tremendoussocialchangesmadepeoplefeel,"Thisismygovernment,theyrepresentmyinterests,theybringmerealbenefits.”Y:WhatlessonsdoyouthinkweshoulddrawfromtheCulturalRevolution?R:Well,IthinktheCulturalRevolutionpointedoutonefact,whichactuallywasarticulatedbyDengXiaopinginhisinterviewaftertheCulturalRevolutionwithanAmericancorrespondent.Hesaidthatanygovernmentthatdoesn’tsucceedinmakinglifebetterformostpeopleinChinayearbyyearisnotgoingtosucceed.AndIthinkthatwasthelessonthatwastaught:it’snotenoughjusttohavegrowthoftheeconomy,you’vegottomakepeoplefeelthatyourepresenttheirinterestsandyouareworkingforthem.Y:Besidesmakingpeople’slifebetter,thereisanothercoreideaofDengXiaoping’stheory,thatis,theemancipationofpeople’smind.R:IthinktheemancipationofthefollowedtheCulturalRevolutionisequallyimportanttothedevelopmentofthemarketeconomyinChinatoday.Butcomparedtotheeconomicreform,Ithinktheemancipationofthemindhasn’tgonefarenough.There’sstilltheshadowoftheoldfeudalistichabitsofgovernmentsandindividualsintheirthinkingandintheirrelationships.WhenIsayacommonvision,Idon'tmeanapoliticalcodethateveryonerecites.Imeanafeelingthatweareworkingtogethertobuildacommonsocietythat’smoreorlessrepresentedbytheeightlinesthatwereraisedbyPresidentHuJintao,themoralcode.Talkwith“HarryPotter”–DanielRadcliffeAnswersQuestionsformFansQ:Howdoesitfeeltoworkwiththesamegroupofactorsandactressesagain?A:ItalwaysfeelsgoodworkingwithEmma,Rupert,TomandMatthew.Wehavebecomeverygoodfriendsandasthisisnowthethirdfilmwehavemadetogetherourrelationshipsjustgetstronger.Q:AreyougoingtoworkonanymoreHarryPotterfilms?A:AtthemomentIamworkingonHarryPotterandthePrisonerofAzkabanandIwillcertainlymakeHarryPotterandtheGobletofFire.Afterthat?Whoknows?Q：Ireallywanttoknowhowyoumanagetodoeverythingyoudo.A:Imanagetofitinalotofthingsthankstothebrilliantorganizationonthefilmset,bymytutorswhoreceivealotofsupportfrommyschool,andalsobecauseIhavegreatfriendswhoIseeregularly.Icankeepuptodatewitheverythingthatisgoingonatmyoldschoolviae-mailortextmessaging.Q:RupertseemstodoothermoviesbesidesHarryPotter.IwonderifyouorEmmahasplanstodoothermoviesbesidesHarryPotter?A:AsIfilmpracticallyeverydayonthemovie,itisprettyimpossibletofitinotherfilmsbetweentimes.However,lastyearIwasabletoappearasthe“surpriseguest”inThePlayThatIWroteintheWestEnddirectedbyKennethBranagh.ItwasgreatfunandthefirsttimeIhadbeenonstage!Q:Haveyoufoundthatpeopletreatyouandyournew-foundcelebritydifferentlyinforeigncountries?A:IamalwayscompletelyoverwhelmedbythereceptionIreceivewhenIvisitdifferentcountries.Peoplearealwaysextremelykind,warmandgenerousandIfeelveryprivilegedtohavevisitedsomanycountriesandseensomeofthemostamazingsightsintheworld.Q:Howdoesworkingwiththenewdirector(AlfonsoCuaron)comparewithyourexperiencewithChrisColumbus?A:Firstofall,Iconsidermyselfveryluckytohaveworkedwithtwogreatdirectorsonthesefilms.Chrisis,withoutdoubt,themostenergeticdirectorIhaveevermet.Hewasamazinginkeepingusmotivatedandinencouraginguseverystepoftheway.Alfonsoontheotherhanddirectsinamoreintenseway.ThescenesinthisfilmaresomeofthemostpassionateandemotionalIhaveeverworkedon,andAlfonso’sstylehasbeenveryhelpfultome.Q:Haveyoueverfeltlikeyouwantedtogobacktoyournormallife,insteadofbeingfamous?A:AsfarasIamconcernedIamanormalperson.IgobacktoschoolwhenIamnotfilming,Igooutwithmyfriends,Igotothecinema—allthenormalthingsthatteenagersdo.ThereisanassumptionthatIcannotleavemyhousewithoutbeinghounded—thatisnotthecase.IamabletodomanymorethingsthanpeoplethinkIcan.Q:WhatdiditfeelliketotalktoDobbythecomputerizedhouseelf?Isithardtorememberyourlines?A:IloveddoingtheDobbyscenes.Italkedtoanorangeballattheendofastick.ItwasverydetailedworkbecauseashebouncedaroundIhadtoensurethatmyeyelinewasinexactlytherightposition.Itwasdemanding,butwhenIsawtheendresultIwasreallypleased.Q:Whatareyourfavoritethingstododuringyourtimeoff?A:Iamabsolutelyobsessedwithfilmandmusic.Iamlearningthebassguitaranditgoeseverywherewithme.Also,IhaveaportableDVDplayer,whichtravelswithmewithalargesupplyoffilms.Thesetwothingsoccupymostofmysparetime.Q:Areyouafootball(soccer)fan?Ifso,ofwhatteam?A:Idon’treallyplayfootballbutIsupportFulhamasIliveveryclosetotheground.Unit3TrafficDrivingWhileonaCellPhoneWorseThanDrivingWhileDrunk21:44:27EDTJune29,2006Thursday,June29—Maneuveringthroughtrafficwhiletalkingonthephoneincreasesthelikelihoodofanaccidentfive-foldandisactuallymoredangerousthandrivingdrunk,U.S.researchersreport.Thatfindingheldtruewhetherthedriverwasholdingacellphoneorusingahands-freedevice,theresearchersnoted.“Asasociety,wehaveagreedonnottoleratingtheriskassociatedwithdrunkdriving,”saidresearcherFrankDrews,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofUtah.“Thisstudyshowsusthatsomebodywhoisconversingonacellphoneisexposinghimorherselfandotherstoasimilarrisk—cellphonesactuallyareahigherrisk,”hesaid.Histeam’sreportappearsinthesummerissueofthejournalHumanFactors.Inthestudy,40peoplefollowedapacecaralongaprescribedcourse,usingadrivingsimulator.Somepeopledrovewhiletalkingonacellphone,othersnavigatedwhiledrunk(meaningtheirblood-alcohollimitmatchedthelegallimitof0.08percent),andothersdrovewithnosuchdistractionsorimpairments.“Wefoundanincreasedaccidentratewhenpeoplewereconversingonthecellphone,”Drewssaid.Driversoncellphoneswere5.36timesmorelikelytogetinanaccidentthannon-distracteddrivers,theresearchersfound.Thephoneusersfaredevenworsethantheinebriated,theUtahteamfound.TherewerethreeQuakeKillsatLeast300onIndonesianIslandUnit4SocialBehaviorTheMen’sMovement:WhatDoesItMeantoBeaMan?AsaresultoftheWomen’sMovement,morewomenareworkingoutsidethehome,andmanymenareplayingamoreactiveroleinfamilylifeandaretakingonsomeofthetasksinvolvedinchildcareandhousework.Inadditiontothesechangesinsidethehome,menaretodayenteringoccupationsthatusedtobeconsideredwomen’sjobs.MoremenarebecomingnursesandteachersmanhoodAHusbandsandWives:aCallerformNorthbridge

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Unit5PopulationSuicideonCampusAnchor:Goodmorning,everybody.I’mexpectingallofyoutogatherhereforthehalf-hourEarlyShow.Today,parentsandstudentsalikeareconstantlyremindedoftheproblemslikedrugandalcoholabuse,andunsafesexoncollegecampuses.Butrelativelyfewarewarnedaboutsuicide.Andsuicideissecondonlytoaccidentsasaleadingcauseofdeathamongcollegestudents.OurEarlyShowcorrespondentTracySmithreportsonthisveryrealdangerthatoftengoesundiscussed.Hello,Tracy.TracySmith:Hi,Teresa.Iknowthattoday’stopic—campussuicides—isobviouslyweightierthantheotherswehavetalkedaboutbefore.Butwecannotgiveupeatingforfearofchoking.Itishightimewelookedattheissuefacetoface.AstudybytheAmericanCollegeHealthAssociationshowedthat15percentofstudentsmeetthecriteriaforclinicaldepression.Althoughit’satopiccloakedinstigmaandshame,morecollegesanduniversitiesarechoosingtoconfrontit,ratherthanwaituntilit’stoolate.Theyhavebeguntolookseriouslyintothereasonsandseeksolutionstotheproblemandactivelyintervene.Nowlet’swatchashortfilmandgetsomehintofayoungcollegeguy'stragedy.TracySmith:NathanEisert,20,tookhisownlifeinhiscollegedormtwoyearsago.InacemeteryontheoutskirtsofLouisville,Kentucky,you’llfindthemessageTellthem,Momma,alife’stoomuchtolose"onhissmallheadstone.JanUlrich(Nathan’smother):ThemessageisforNathan’sfriends.Iwantthemtosecthatmessage,becauseIthinkit’sfromNathan,youknow,Ireallydo.IthinkNathansentthatmessagewith.TracySmith:Alwaysaloverofbasketball,the6-foot5-inchplayersecuredaspotontheTracySmith:Butearlyinthesecondseason,Nathaninjuredhisfoot.Helosthisplaceonthewanttodisappoint,sothere’sawholeseriesofthingsthathappenspecificallyatthattime.Chinavs.IndiaHello,everybody,inourpreviousclasseswehavetalkedaboutthegreateconomicpotentialoftheso-calledBRIC,thefourcountriesseeingthefastestGDPgrowthratesintheworld.Todaywewillfocusontwoofthem—ChinaandIndia.Someexpertshaveshowedgreatinterestinthem.TheyevencomparetherivalrybetweenthesetwoemergingAsiangiantstotheracebetweenthehareandthetortoise.Whoislikelytowin,ChinaorIndia?Historically,thereareanumberofsimilaritiesbetweenthetwo:ancientcivilizations(theworld’sleadingandrichestatonetime);goingdowntheleaguetableinthesecondhalfofthesecondmillennium;andstartingtheirprogresstomodernityinthemiddleofthelastcentury.Untiltheearly1990s,GDPpercapitainChinaandIndiawasatcomparablelevels.ButsinceChinaadoptedwide-rangingeconomicreformonedecadeearlierthanIndia,China’sGDPpercapitaisnow2.2timeshigherthanIndia’s.China’sexplosivegrowthhasdeliverednewprosperitytomillionsofitscitizens,whereasIndia’sadvancehasbeenmoregradual.TheaverageChinesecitydwellerownsatelevisionortwo,doeslaundrywiththehelpofawashingmachine,andstaysconnectedwithamobilephone.India,despitelackingChina’sknackforproducingcheapconsumergoods,israpidlyplayingcatch-up.Inspiteofallitsadvantages,Chinacannotoverlookthecompetitiveedgeitsrivalhas.First,Indiaisnotonlyproducingmoreyoungprofessionals,itisproducingbetterqualifiedones,aswell.Accordingtoasurveyoflocalrecruiters,only10percentofChina’sengineershavetheskillsnecessarytoworkinamultinationalcorporation,comparedto25percentofengineersinIndia.Second,manufacturingisnotastablesourceofjobgrowth.Chinahasalreadyshed15millionmanufacturingjobsinthepastdecade.Bycontrast,halfofIndia’seconomyismadeupofservice-sectorcompanies,whichisgrowingsmarter.Lastbutnotleast,China,withitsagingpopulation,islikelytoseeanendtothesavingsboompromotedbyitsone-childpolicy.India,however,isjustenteringitsowndemographictransition.Nowthedependencyratioisdecliningasthebirthrateandpopulationgrowthratefall.ThisshouldallowasubstantialriseinIndia’sinvestmentrate.Asthesetwocountriesaregainingastrongerpositionintheworldmarket,whattheinternationalcommunityexpectstoseewillnolongerbethetortoiseovertakingthehare,buttheChinesedragonandIndiantigerworkingtogethertobringpeaceandprosperitytotheworld.Unit6ACityinChinaWhatDoestheFutureHoldforMarriage?Ifeelverydisappointedthatsomanymenfeelthewaytheyappeartoaboutmarriage.Tomemarriageissacred.Ididn’tpromisetolove,careforandbewithmyhusbanduntilnextweek,oruntilanotheroffercomesalong.Ipromisedtolovehimandbewithhiminsickness,health,richesorpovertyfortherestofourlives.Imeantit.Istillmeanitalmostfouryearson.Thingshavenotbeeneasy,butIdidn’texpectabedofroses,oreverythingtobeplainsailing.Ihaveneverexpectedsomeoneelsetosupportmeinthestyletowhic