Presentparticipleusedasadverbial現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語

動(dòng)詞-ing形式用作狀語一.基本形式和意義1.一般式doing被動(dòng)式beingdone否定式notdoing

一般式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作一般同時(shí)進(jìn)行,與句子主語為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系.

Comingintotheroom,shesaweverybodyalreadyattheirwork.

被動(dòng)式與句子主語為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系Beingaskedtogiveaperformance,theyarebusypreparingforit.Notmasteringthewayofstudying,Ididn’tgetagoodresult.動(dòng)詞-ing形式用作狀語

一.基本形式和意義2.完成式havingdone被動(dòng)式havingbeendone

否定式nothavingdone完成式所表示的動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前就已經(jīng)完成了,與句子主語為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系Havingcleanedtherooms,webegantoweedthegarden.

被動(dòng)式與句子主語為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系Havingbeengivenanotherchance,theydecidedtomakegooduseofit.Nothavingheardfromherforalongtime,hedecidedtophoneher.二.基本用法表示時(shí)間

動(dòng)詞-ing在句子中作時(shí)間狀語，可轉(zhuǎn)換為when,after,while,before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句①Hearingtheresult,Icouldn’thelpjumping.

WhenIheardtheresult,Icouldn’thelpjumping.②Havingmadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexamination.

Afterwehavemadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexamination2.表示原因動(dòng)詞-ing在句子中作原因狀語，可對(duì)應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)化為as,sincebecause等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句①Beingill,hewassenttohospital

Ashewasill,hewassenttohospital.②Havinglivedinthiscitymanyyears,Iknewitwell.

SinceIhadlivedinthiscitymanyyears,Iknewitwell.③Notknowinghowmuchlongerhecouldlast,Nicholasdidtheonlythinghecould—hehuddledinhiscaveandslept.

Becausehedidn’tknowhowmuchlongerhecouldlast,Nicholasdidtheonlythinghecould—hehuddledinhiscaveandslept.3.表示條件（一般位于句首），相當(dāng)于if,unless,once,aslongas等詞引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.

Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons,youwillsucceedNotmakinggooduseofthetime,youwillregret.

Ifyoudon’tmakegooduseofthetime,youwillregret.Usedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.

Ifitisusedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.4.表示結(jié)果

動(dòng)詞-ing作結(jié)果狀語表示必然的結(jié)果,常常位于句末，可擴(kuò)展為一個(gè)含有并列位于的簡(jiǎn)單句。Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.Hisfatherdiedandlefthimalotofmoney.MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,makingitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanotherMorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChinaandmadeitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.5.表示伴隨或方式（用來說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況，它表示分詞的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生）Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroom,readingabook.Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroomandwasreadingabook.Usingastick,thepainterdrewapictureonthegroundintenminutes.Byusingastick,thepainterdrewapictureonthegroundintenminutes.6.表示讓步（相當(dāng)于though，although,evenif等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句）Studyingfrommorningtillnight,Ididn’tpasstheexam.

AlthoughIstudiedfrommorningtillnight,Ididn’tpasstheexam.Knowingallthis,theyaskedhimtowritedownwhathappened.

Thoughtheyknewallthis,theyaskedhimtowritedownwhathappened.HearingthatIwasgoingtobemyaunt’sbridesmaid,IfeltsoexcitedthatIdidn’tsleepwellthatnightbeforemyaunt’sweddingday.AlthoughfeelingtiredIgotupearlythenextmorningandwenttomyaunt’shousetogetdressed.HavingputonmybluedressIcarriedabunchofflowers.Myauntworeawhitedress.FollowingmyauntandherfatherIenteredthechurch.Everybodywassmiling.Afterthewedding,Ileftthechurchwalkingslowlybehindmyauntandherhusband.Theywerebothlookingveryhappy.課文再現(xiàn)—p71獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)V-ing形式在句中作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語需和句子的主語保持一致，否則就要在v-ing形式前加上自身的邏輯主語獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)：邏輯主語與句子主語不同

邏輯主語與后面的分詞或不定式是主被動(dòng)關(guān)系

一般有逗號(hào)隔開Weatherpermitting,wewillgoouttohaveatrip.Thesituationgettingworse,theyhadtoaskforhelp.Noonetowakemeup,Imightbelateforthetest.Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,hiseyesfixedontheblackboard.Areyouclearnow?

OK.Let’sdosomeexercise!判斷下列句子的正誤：①.Hearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.②.Lookingoutthroughthewin