復(fù)習(xí)課選擇性必修第一冊Unit4Bodylanguage一詞多義1．contrast

n．差異；對照物

vi.&vt.形成對照；形成對比①Today'sworkisquiteacontrasttowhatyoudidyesterday.

(n.對照物)②Hecontrastedthetwodifferenteconomicsystemsinhisspeech.

(vt.對照；對比)③Thiswhitepeakcontrasts

finelywiththebluesky.

(vi.形成對照；形成對比)2．witness

vt.當(dāng)場看到；目擊；見證n.目擊者；證人1）Shewasawitnessoftheincident.(n.目擊者；證人)2)Noonecouldwitnessthathewaspresent.(vt.見證)3)Acarpenterwasgivingevidenceaboutanaccidenthehadwitnessed．

vt.當(dāng)場看到；目擊4)Hegavewitnessonbehalfofanaccusedperson.

他為被告作證。contrastAwithB與...對比by/incontrast相比之下incontrastwith/to與...對比,與...相反makeacontrastwith與...形成對比[知識拓展](1)

witnesssth.

目擊了某事witnessto(doing)sth.

證實(shí)，證明(做)某事witnessfor為……作證(2)

beawitnesstosth.是某事的證據(jù)/證人bear/givewitnessto

sth.為…作證,證明某事司機(jī)作證說，他看到此人進(jìn)入那棟大樓。Thedriverwitnessedtohavingseenthemanenterthebuilding.這些事實(shí)證明了他的粗心。Thesefactsareawitnesstohiscarelessness

這些事實(shí)證明了他的粗心大意。Thewitnesswhowitnessedtheincidentgavewitnesstothepoliceandpromisedtobeawitness．這個目擊了這起事故的目擊者向警察提交了證據(jù)并且答應(yīng)做證人。3．favour

vt.較喜歡；選擇；偏袒，偏愛，有利于n．幫助；恩惠；贊同①Ihateaskingfavoursofpeople.(n.幫助；恩惠)②Theteacherfavoursseriousstudents.(vt.較喜歡)③Hotclimateandplentifulrainfallfavourthegrowthofplants.

(vt.有利于)Amothershouldn'tshowtoomuchfavourtooneofherchildren.母親不應(yīng)該對一個孩子表現(xiàn)出過多的寵愛。Imustdeclinetoshowfavourtoanyofthecandidates.我必須拒絕偏袒任何一位候選人。

dosb.afavour

＝doafavourforsb.幫某人的忙

asksb.forafavour

＝askafavourofsb.請求某人幫忙

infavourof...支持……

inone'sfavour對某人有利

favourdoingsth.喜歡做某事favorable

adj.有利的；良好的；贊成的，贊許的；討人喜歡的We'llgiveyouthefavorablepriceandthebestquality.我們將提供優(yōu)惠的價格和最好的質(zhì)量。Thebookreceivedhighlyfavorablereviews.

這本書好評如潮。What'syourfavoritesubject?練習(xí)：

1.InChina,peoplefavour_____________(shake)handswhentheymeetforthefirsttime.2.他們大多數(shù)人贊成我的意見，而David反對。Mostofthemwere__________________myopinionwhileDavidwasagainstit.3.你今天能幫我一個忙去學(xué)校接Sam嗎?Couldyou______________________andpickupSamfromschooltoday?＝Couldyou___________________andpickupSamfromschooltoday?4.Thecurrenteconomy______________thedevelopmentofsmallbusinesses.

當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)對小企業(yè)的發(fā)展不利。shakinginfavourofdomeafavourdoafavourformedoesnotfavour4．a(chǎn)nger

n．怒氣；憤怒vt.使生氣；激怒①Hisimpolitewordsangeredhisteacher.

(vt.使生氣；激怒)②Hewasfilledwithangeratthewayhehadbeentreated.

(n.怒氣；憤怒)他因遭受如此待遇而怒火滿腔。重點(diǎn)詞匯

：

Wearelookingforsomeonewhois

________andhard-working.

我們在物色可靠而又勤奮的人reliable

adj.可信賴的；可靠的Ithasahighlyreliablecontrolsystem.它具備一套極可靠的控制系統(tǒng)。Ourinformationcomesfromareliablesource.Iamreliablyinformed(=toldbysbwhoknowsthefacts)thatthecompanyisbeingsold.有知情人告訴我公司要被賣掉。→relyv.信任；信賴；依賴；依靠reliabilityn.可靠性；可信度relyon/upon依靠；依賴relyonitthat...相信Theland,theessentialmeansofproduction,isthemostreliablelivingsecuritythatthepeasantscanrelyon．土地作為基本的生產(chǎn)資料，是農(nóng)民可以依賴的最可靠的生活保障。reliablebendvt.&vi.（bent,bent）（使）彎曲；傾斜；偏向bendthetruth扭曲事理；歪曲事實(shí)Reporterssometimesbendthetruth.記者有時會歪曲事實(shí)。bendone’smind/effortstosth.致力于某事；專心致志Bendyourknees,keepingyourbackstraight.膝蓋彎曲，背部挺直tendencyn.趨勢；傾向IhaveatendencytotalktoomuchwhenI'mnervous.我緊張時總愛嘮叨。atendency(forsb./sth.)todo...atendencyto/towards.........的傾向/→tend

vt.往往會vi.趨向vi.&vt.照管；護(hù)理2.approvevi.

贊成;同意vt.批準(zhǔn);認(rèn)可Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactis

notalwaysapproved

of(P38)

approveof

贊成，同意approvesth.

批準(zhǔn)某事approvaln.贊成,同意,批準(zhǔn)

getone’sapproval

得到某人同意

approvingadj.贊同的拓展：動詞+al

變?yōu)槊~approve→approval

survive→survivalarrive→arrival

refuse→refusal【語境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1)He________________________(不贊成抽煙)becauseitmayincreasetheriskofdevelopinglungcancer.2)Theteacher__________________________________(同意我們制作視頻)torecordourexperiencesatschool.(北京)3)Imusttellyouthatthereislittlechanceof______________________(這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃被通過).4)Alanissomeonewhoalways____________________(需要贊許)otherpeople.doesn’tapproveofsmokingtheplanbeingapprovedneedstheapprovalofgavehisapprovaltousmakingavideoemployv.使用，雇傭n.

employmentinterpretv.理解，翻譯（口譯）

n.口譯人員interpreter

unemploymentemployer

employeeinterpret...into...把…翻譯成...interpret…as…把…理解為…employsb.as...

雇用某人擔(dān)任……employsb.todosth.

雇用某人做某事beemployedin(doing)sth.

忙于(做)某事;從事某活動

3.employvt.使用;應(yīng)用；雇傭InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.(P38)【語境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1)別打擾他，他正忙著寫作文呢。Don’ttroublehim.He_______________writingacomposition.2)Thegovernmenthastakeneffectivemeasurestocreatemore__________(employ)opportunities.3)Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmosphere_________________________________(員工可以在這種氛圍中享受他們的工作).employmentisemployedinwherehisemployeesenjoytheirwork4.單句填空①_________(occupy)inlookingafterherchickens,shecan’tspareanytimetohaveaholiday.

②_________(occupy)herselfinremovingtheweedsinhergarden,shedidn’tnoticemestandingby.

③Choosingan_________(occupy)takestime,andtherearealotofthingsyouhavetothinkabout.

OccupiedOccupyingoccupation其他表示“忙于做某事”的短語:bebusywithsth/(in)doingsth、beemployedwithsth/(in)doingsth、beengagedinsth等。一句多譯當(dāng)我進(jìn)來的時候,學(xué)生們正忙著做作業(yè)。④WhenIcamein,thestudents__________________theirhomework.(occupied)

⑤WhenIcamein,thestudents__________________theirhomework.(occupied)

⑥WhenIcamein,thestudents__________________theirhomework.(busy)

wereoccupiedwithwereoccupiedindoingwerebusywith/doing

occupyvt.占用;占領(lǐng);占據(jù)(takeorkeeppossessionof)[記得準(zhǔn)](1)occupyoneselfwithsth/indoingsth忙于/專心于(做)某事occupyone’smind

占據(jù)某人的頭腦(2)occupiedadj.已占用的;使用中的beoccupiedindoingsth忙于做某事beoccupiedwithsth從事/忙于某事(3)occupationn.[U]占領(lǐng);[C]職業(yè);工作1.Forthepastthreeyearshe________________________aconsultantofourschool.

三年來他一直受雇為我們學(xué)校的顧問。2.ProfessorWang_______________________researchingthewildlifeprotectionintherecentfiveyears.

近五年來王教授忙于研究野生動植物保護(hù)。3.Ididn't____________whatshewassaying,soIwalkedaway.

我不贊成她講的，因此走開了。4.Iwouldappreciateitifmyapplicationcouldgetyour__________.

如果你同意我的申請，我將非常感激。5.Theteahouse_____________areallyenjoyabletimeforallofus.茶館見證了我們所有人歡樂的時光。6.Manyofthesepoems_________________hisyearsspentinChina.這些詩中有很多見證了他在中國度過的歲月。7.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlesson___________(witness)theirmotherearnherdegree.(2020新高考全國I)8.

Whatthepolicedidfirstwastoquestionallthe__________(witness)involvedintheaccidentlastweek.hasbeenemployedashasemployedhimselfinapproveofapprovalwitnessedbearwitnesstowitnessingwitnesses7.TheimportanceofbeinganOlympianwill_____________athletetoathlete.成為奧運(yùn)選手對每個運(yùn)動員而言意義不同。8.Weoftentakepartin_________________inourschool.在學(xué)校里，我們常常參加各種各樣的活動。9.這些花的顏色和大小都不相同，但都很漂亮。Theflowers______________________________butallofthemarebeautiful.10.SReadinggoodbookscannotonlyenrichourmindsbutalsoteachusto__________betweenrightandwrong.(明辨是非)11.TheChinesenation___________________itsdiligenceandcourage.中華民族以勤勞勇敢著稱。varyfromavarietyofactivitiesvaryincolorandsize(1)distinguishbetweenAandB

區(qū)分A和Bdistinguish...from...

把…與…區(qū)分開來distinguishoneselfas...作為…而出名(2)bedistinguishedfor...因…而出名distinguish=distinguishrightfromwrongisdistinguishedfor12.You'dbetterlearnsomebasicChinesebeforeyoucome.Thatway,youcan__________thelifeinBeijingsoon.你最好在來之前學(xué)習(xí)一些基本的漢語，那樣你就能很快地適應(yīng)北京的生活。13.Sinceyouhavesettleddowninanewcountry,youhaveto________________________thenewenvironment.既然你已經(jīng)在一個新的國家安定下來了，你就必須做出調(diào)整以適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。

adjustto

makean

adjustmentto(1)adjust...to...調(diào)整……以適應(yīng)……adjustto(doing)sth.適應(yīng)于(做)某事adjustoneselfto使自己適應(yīng)于……(2)makeanadjustment/adjustmentsto對……做出調(diào)整14.Communicationcanhelp_____________________betweenyoungmenandtheirparents.交流有助于消除年輕人與他們父母之間的隔閡。15.Itisbadmannersto__________whenpeoplearehavingaconversation.當(dāng)人們談話的時候，打斷別人是不禮貌的。breakdownthebarriersbreakin16.Forexample,makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone'seyes—insomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.例如，在一些國家，進(jìn)行眼神交流——直視某人的眼睛——是表現(xiàn)出興趣的一種方式。Thebestway________________________istoignorehim.對付愛捉弄人的人的最佳方法就是不搭理他。[知識拓展](1)在thefirst,thesecond,thelast,thenext,theonly等詞和形容詞最高級后或在被這些詞修飾的名詞/代詞后，常用不定式作定語。(2)在time,way,chance,ability,promise等抽象名詞后，常用不定式作定語。todealwithatease[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Thechancetogo

(go)

forapicnichasbeenruined.②Heistheonlymantoknow

(know)thetruth.③最好的旅行方式是坐高鐵。Thebestwaytotravelistotakeahigh-speedtrain.④他總是第一個來，最后一個走。Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave．⑤多鍛煉是保持健康的好方法。It'sagoodwaytokeepfitwithmoreexercise.(教材P38)

InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.在日本，當(dāng)你和年長的人說話時，低頭可能是對長輩的尊重。例1:Ikeptadiaryeverydaywhile____________________.

在那次旅行期間，我每天都寫日記。(Iwas)

travelling1.Butourinsistingit’s

(mere)awindowhaskeptthemfromattemptingmillionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.2.Afterawhile,myeyesgraduallyadjusted

thedarknessinthecave.3.Someschoolswillhavetomakean

(adjust)inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.4.Societypushesustospecialize,tobecomeexperts.Thisrequirescommitmenttoaparticular

(occupy),branchofstudyorresearch.5.Speech

____

(distinguish)humanfromtheanimals.6.Recentlyresearchershave

____

(demonstrate)howeffectivethefit-for-lifemodelofgymclasscanbe.基礎(chǔ)鞏固單句填空merelytoadjustmentoccupationdistinguishesdemonstrated7.Ontheotherhand,theyburned

(slight)morecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.8.Idohopemysuggestionswillmeetwithyour

(approve).9.LastnightI

(bare)sleptbecauseoftheheavyrain.10.Vitaltohumanlife,artiscelebratedandusedbynationsacrosstheworldfor

(vary)purposes.11.Thefirstisdecliningbirthrates,whichmeansoldgenerationsarelarge

(compare)toyoungergenerations,andso,onaverage,thepopulationbecomesolderthanbefore.slightlyapprovalbarelyvariouscompared1.對這件事的看法因人而異。Opinionsonthismatter

.2.雖然往字典中添加新詞是一個準(zhǔn)確的過程,但刪除一個單詞更困難。

isapreciseprocess,it’sevenmoredifficultforawordtogetdeleted.3.一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示,并不是所有的父母都贊成他們的孩子周末去上課。Asurveyshowsthat

theirchildrenattendingtheweekendclasses.翻譯句子varyfrompersontopersonWhileaddingnewwordstothedictionarynotallparentsapproveof4.在過去的幾年里,我們的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。Thepastfewyears

inourhometown.5.畢業(yè)后,她到了必須自己做決定的地步。Aftergraduationshereachedapoint

.6.在泰國,你不能碰別人的頭,即使是不小心的。InThailand,youmustn’t

,evenbyaccident.7.我的職責(zé)包括向英國游客介紹成都的大熊貓。Mydutieswill

thepandasatChengdu.8.我們贊成學(xué)生每天至少鍛煉一小時的建議。Weare

thatstudentsshouldtakeexerciseatleastforanhoureveryday.havewitnessedgreatchangeswhereshehadtomakeadecisionbyherselftouchsomeoneontheheadincludeintroducingBritishvisitorstoinfavorofthesuggestionWeoftenusewordstoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.Besides,bodylanguagecanalsogiveusinformationaboutfeelings.However,itvaries1.

culturetoculture.Forexample,makingeyecontactinsomecountriesisaway2.

(display)interest.ButinmanyMiddleEasterncountries,menandwomenarenot3.

(social)permittedtomakeeyecontact.InJapan,itmayshowrespecttolookdownwhenspeakingwithanolderpeople.Thegesturesfor“OK”“Yes”“No”havedifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.Forexample,inJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherperson4.

(employ)“OK”mightthinkitmeansmoneywhileinFranceitmay5.

(interpret)as

語法填空

fromtodisplaysociallyemployingbeinterpretedzero.InBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegesturesfor“yes”and“no”havetheoppositemeaningasweuse.Inaddition,therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.IncountrieslikeFranceandRussia,peoplemaykisstheirfriendson6.

cheekwhentheymeetwhileinothercountriesoftheworldpeoplefavor7.

(shake)hands,bowingornodding.Ofcourse,somegestureshavethesame8.

(mean)everywhere.Forexample,movingourhandsinacircleoverourstomac