【2024屆高考】英語作業(yè)考試化40分鐘卷系列之最新模擬題七選五36班級：_________姓名：_________________分數(shù)：___________反思：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。A（2024·山西晉中·模擬預測）Whetheritisthefluoranyoftheothercold-likevirusesrisinginwinter,itseemsthatstuffynosesandsorethroatsarecommonsymptoms.Youmayhavenoticed,however,thatyourcoldseemstogetbetterorworsedependingonthetimeofday.Mostcommonly,youwakeupwithworsesymptoms.Then,theypartiallyclearupthroughouttheday,onlytogetworseoncemoreasyougettobed.1Currently,theleadingideaisthatsymptomseverityislinkedtoourcircadianrhythm(晝夜節(jié)律).Thecircadianrhythmisveryimportantfordailycellularprocesses.2Italsoplaysacriticalroleincontrollingtheheartandtheimmunesystem.3Thisiswhysleepissoimportantafteryou’vebeentothegym.Thisalsoapplieswhenyouareill—thebodyfloodsthebloodwithwhitebloodcellscalledleukocytes,resultinginandimmuneresponseagainstdiseasesandtheimmunesystemfightinginfection.This,therefore,explainswhyourcoldsymptomsgetworseaswesettledownforanight’ssleep.Cellsinfectedbyvirusesareattractedtothelocalareaandkilled,causingsorenessintheaffectedtissues,andmucus(鼻涕)floodsthenosetojointhefight.4Youwakeupfeelinglikedeathduetothebattlehappeningwithin.Thereareotherreasonswhyyoumightfeelworseatnight.Thefirstissimplygravity.Whenyouliedown,yourmucusbuildsupinthenose,causingpressureandheadaches.5Anotherfactorisabouthormones.Hormonalimbalancescanbecausedbylackofsleepatnightandcouldinfluenceimmunefunction,leadingtoacycleofsleeplessnightsandthenfeelingworse.A．Whydoesthishappen?B．Othersarereportingthesamething.C．Asyoustandup,youstarttofeelbetter.D．It’sagoodthing,butitreallydoesn’tfeellikeit.E．Gravityhelpsoutalotmorewhenyouareupright.F．Whileresting,thebodyusesthedowntimetorecover.G．Anditcanbeaffectedbytheamountofsleepandlightwegeteachday.B（2024·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·二模）Yourmanagerstopsyouandsayssheneedstohaveawordaboutyourperformanceintherecentproject.Shebeginsbypraisingyouforthegoodworkyou’vedoneontheproject,andyouwonderifthisisthepraisethatstartsoffthetypical“feedbacksandwich”.6Saysomethingnice,saywhatyoureallywanttosay,saysomethingniceagain.However,whenfeedbackbecomessucharoutine,employeescanstarttoperceivepositivefeedbackassimplyaformofsugarcoatingthenegatives,thusdecreasingitsvalue.Instead,positivefeedbackshouldnotsimplybeseenassomethingtocushionthenegative.7Belowarethreetipstohelpyoumakepositivefeedbackcount.8Whenpositiveandnegativefeedbackalwaysappeartogohandinhand,thepositivescanbecomedevaluedandignored.Ensuretherearetimeswhenpositivefeedbackisgivenforitsownsakeandresistthetemptationtoofferconstructivecriticism.Cultivatea“growthmindset”.Manyofustendtofocusourpraiseontheendresultandseeminginborntalents.Forexample,9However,researchsuggeststhatbyfocusingontheprocessofboxthingsaredone,wecanencouragethedevelopmentofnewskillsandthecontinuedenhancementoftalents.Createacultureofofferingpositivefeedback.Makegivingpositivefeedbackpartofyourteamculture.Don’tjustwaitforspecialmomentstogivefeedback.Offerinformalpositivefeedbackwhenmakingsmalltalk.10Encouragepeerfeedbackamongteammembersandcolleaguesandactivelyaskthemforpositivecommentsoneachother’sperformancesontasks.A．youhavearealtalentfororganizingevents.B．Youknowhowthefeedbacksandwichgoes.C．Attempttoinjectsomepositivityintonegativefeedback.D．youreallyputalotofeffortintomakingthiseventasuccess.E．Don’talwaysfollowpositivefeedbackwithnegativefeedback.F．Feedbackdoesn’thavetoonlycomefromthehigherrankseither.G．Itshouldalsobedeliveredsoastoreinforceandencouragegoodperformance.C（2024·北京·一模）“Findyourpassion!”Whendiscussingfuturecareeroptionsorselectingamajorincollege,yourparentsoftensaythis.Theveryexpressionismeanttoinspire.Butisitgoodadvice?“Finding”apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,thisideaisnotwhatsciencetellsus.11Tostudythis,researchersuseaframeworkof

“fixed”and“growth”mindsets.Theyarguethatencouragingpeopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable.12Incontrast,peoplewhoviewinterestsandpassionsasdevelopedhaveagrowthmindsetofinterest.Researchershaverevealedthatafixedmindsetofinterestcandecreasecreativity.Ifpeoplebelievetheyarelimitedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeingimportantconnectionsacrossdomains.13Evidently,peoplecandoalottoembraceagrowthmindsetofinterest.First,realizethatyourinterestsandpassionsaren’tpre-existing.Takeanactiveroleindevelopingyourpassions.Second,practisepositiveself-talk.Whenyoulackinterestinanewtask,payattentiontoyourinnerdialogue.14Forexample,change“I’mnotinterestedinthis”to“I’mnotinterestedinthisyet,butIknowthatinterestcandevelopwithtimeandengagement.”15Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Thesciencetellsusweshouldworktowardlovingwhatwedo.Wemightbecomemorecreativeandresilientasaresult.A．Socanagrowthmindsetofinterestbetaught?B．Insteadpassions,likeinterests,aredeveloped.C．Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.D．Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.E．Assuch,seeinginterestsasfixedlimitstheircreativepotential.F．Don’texpectthatpursuingnewinterestswillalwaysbeeasyorexciting.G．Replaceself-criticalthoughtswithpositiveonesthatencouragegrowthandlearning.D（2024·山西晉中·模擬預測）WhyCookingMealsatHomeBenefitsMoreThanJustYourWalletWhenhungerstrikes,theconvenienceofenteringafast-foodrestaurantororderingtake-outcanbeterriblyattractive.Relyingonfoodawayfromhomeoccasionallyistotallyacceptable.16Herearefourreasonstomakecookingathomeyouroption.●It’scheaper.Youcouldspend$100atafancyrestaurantforonedinner,whilethesameamountofmoneycouldbuyyougroceriesforaweek.Whenyoushopsmartandgetcreative,youneedn’tspendmorethan$1onbreakfast,$2onlunchand$4ondinnertopurchasewholesome,healthyfoods.Here’show:17●Itmayreduceyourexposuretocertainchemicals.Themostsurprisingbenefitofcookingathomecandecreasetheamountofharmfulchemicalsyou’reexposedto.Peoplecookingathomehavelowerlevelsofdangerouschemicalsintheirbodies.18Foodpackagingcanalsocontainotherdamagingcompounds(化合物).●Youcanbetterestimatecalories.Eatingoutcanmakecaloriecountingtricky.19Onthecontrary,youhavecompletecontroloverthefoodmaterialswhenyoucookinyourownkitchen.Choosingfiber-packedvegetablesandmeatcontaininglessfatwillhelpkeepyourcaloriesundercontrol.Sowillthewayyoucookyourfood.Ratherthanfrying,chooseroasting.●20Manychefsusealotofsaltwhilecooking.Whilesaltcanmakefoodtastier,toomuchofitislinkedtoserioushealthissueslikeheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.Athome,youcancontrolthequantityofsaltonyourplatebyseasoningfoodinotherways,likeusinglemonjuice.Thesamegoesforsugar.Youcanusesmallerquantitiesofnaturalsweetenerslikehoneytoaddsweetnesstoyourfood.Toomuchaddedsugarislinkedtosomediseasesaswell.A．Youcanreduceaddedsaltandsugar.B．Buyinlargequantitiesandsticktostorebranditems.C．Saltandsugararebothessentialsincookingdeliciousfoods.D．Peoplearealwaystooengagedintheirworktocookathomepersonally.E．Thatiswhypeopletendtoconsumeextracalorieswhendiningawayfromhome.F．However,whenitbecomesaroutine,yourwaistline,yourwalletandyourhealthcanbebadlyaffected.G．Commonintakeoutandfast-foodpackaging,thosechemicalshavebeenassociatedwithmanydiseases.E（2024·陜西咸陽·二模）Intoday’sworld,wheretheconsequencesofclimatechangearebecomingincreasinglyevident,theneedforenergyconservationhasneverbeenmorepressing.21.UseyourlaptopmorethanyourdesktopLaptopsuseanaverageof20to50wattsofelectricitytorun,whereasdesktopcomputersuseanaverageof60to200wattsofelectricitytorun.Thereasonforthisisthatlaptopsrunoffofbatterypoweranddesktopsarecontinuouslypluggedintoapowersourcethatdrainsenergy.22.Notonlydoesthishelpreduceyourenergyusage,butitalsooptimizesyourlaptop’sbatterylifetolastlonger.ChargeyourphoneinairplanemodeandbeforebedtimeWhilecharging,switchyourphonetoairplanemode,sothatthephonedoesnotslowdownthechargingprocessbycontinuallyburningenergytryingtoconnectwithcellphonetowersandplotyourlocationwithitsGPSfunction.Whenyouswitchtoairplanemodeyourphonechargesmorequickly.Thebrighterthescreensetting,themorepoweritusesandvibrationusesmoreenergythanaringtone.23,thereforelessenergyconsumption.Andremember-unplugyourchargerifnotinuse!UnplugmobilephoneandlaptopchargersAlwaysunplugelectronicsandapplianceswhennotinuse.24.Whenthepowerstripislefton,thedevicespluggedintoitcontinuetouseenergyandactuallyincreaseyourenergyusage.TheNorthernResourcesDefenseCouncilfoundthatdevicesinsleeporstandbymodeaccountforaboutone-quarterofallresidentialenergyconsumption.25Reduceyourcarbonfootprintbyorganizingyourfilesandeliminatingunnecessarydatafromcloudstorage!Companiesofferingclouddatastorageneedwarehousesfilledwithserversrunningnonstop.ThesedatacentersconsumemassiveamountsofenergysincetheyrequireACsystemstoavoidoverheating.A．LowPowerModealsosavesbatterylifeB．DeleteunwantedfilesfromcloudstorageC．SavingenergyisnoweasierwiththesetipsfromUNICEFD．Therefore,energyconservationhasneverbeenmorepressingE．UnusedelectronicappliancesmayproduceharmtotheenvironmentF．Deenergizationwillsaveyouenergy,money,andcanpreventelectricalfiresG．Makesuretounplugyourlaptopfromthepowersourceonceit’sfullycharged【2024屆高考】英語作業(yè)考試化40分鐘卷系列之最新全國各地模擬題七選五36參考答案根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。A（2024·山西晉中·模擬預測）Whetheritisthefluoranyoftheothercold-likevirusesrisinginwinter,itseemsthatstuffynosesandsorethroatsarecommonsymptoms.Youmayhavenoticed,however,thatyourcoldseemstogetbetterorworsedependingonthetimeofday.Mostcommonly,youwakeupwithworsesymptoms.Then,theypartiallyclearupthroughouttheday,onlytogetworseoncemoreasyougettobed.1Currently,theleadingideaisthatsymptomseverityislinkedtoourcircadianrhythm(晝夜節(jié)律).Thecircadianrhythmisveryimportantfordailycellularprocesses.2Italsoplaysacriticalroleincontrollingtheheartandtheimmunesystem.3Thisiswhysleepissoimportantafteryou’vebeentothegym.Thisalsoapplieswhenyouareill—thebodyfloodsthebloodwithwhitebloodcellscalledleukocytes,resultinginandimmuneresponseagainstdiseasesandtheimmunesystemfightinginfection.This,therefore,explainswhyourcoldsymptomsgetworseaswesettledownforanight’ssleep.Cellsinfectedbyvirusesareattractedtothelocalareaandkilled,causingsorenessintheaffectedtissues,andmucus(鼻涕)floodsthenosetojointhefight.4Youwakeupfeelinglikedeathduetothebattlehappeningwithin.Thereareotherreasonswhyyoumightfeelworseatnight.Thefirstissimplygravity.Whenyouliedown,yourmucusbuildsupinthenose,causingpressureandheadaches.5Anotherfactorisabouthormones.Hormonalimbalancescanbecausedbylackofsleepatnightandcouldinfluenceimmunefunction,leadingtoacycleofsleeplessnightsandthenfeelingworse.A．Whydoesthishappen?B．Othersarereportingthesamething.C．Asyoustandup,youstarttofeelbetter.D．It’sagoodthing,butitreallydoesn’tfeellikeit.E．Gravityhelpsoutalotmorewhenyouareupright.F．Whileresting,thebodyusesthedowntimetorecover.G．Anditcanbeaffectedbytheamountofsleepandlightwegeteachday.1．A2．G3．F4．D5．C【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要分析的是流感及類似感冒癥狀隨著一天中的不同時間而好轉(zhuǎn)或惡化的原因。1．空前“Youmayhavenoticed,however,thatyourcoldseemstogetbetterorworsedependingonthetimeofday.Mostcommonly,youwakeupwithworsesymptoms.Then,theypartiallyclearupthroughouttheday,onlytogetworseoncemoreasyougettobed.(然而，你可能已經(jīng)注意到，你的感冒似乎隨著一天中的不同時間而好轉(zhuǎn)或惡化。最常見的是，你醒來時癥狀更嚴重。然后，它們在一天中會部分消失，但在你上床睡覺時又會變得更糟。)”說明了你的感冒似乎隨著一天中的不同時間而好轉(zhuǎn)或惡化，空格處應該對這種現(xiàn)象進行提問，A選項“Whydoesthishappen?(為什么會發(fā)生這種情況？)”是對上文的提問，進一步引出后文的解釋，因此A選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選A。2．空前“Currently,theleadingideaisthatsymptomseverityislinkedtoourcircadianrhythm(晝夜節(jié)律).Thecircadianrhythmisveryimportantfordailycellularprocesses.(目前，主要的觀點是癥狀的嚴重程度與我們的晝夜節(jié)律有關(guān)。晝夜節(jié)律對細胞的日?；顒臃浅Ｖ匾?。)”說明了癥狀的嚴重程度與我們的晝夜節(jié)律有關(guān)，空格處應該說和晝夜節(jié)律相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，晝和夜也就是白天和黑夜，G選項“Anditcanbeaffectedbytheamountofsleepandlightwegeteachday.(它會受到我們每天的睡眠時間和光照的影響。)”中的it指代的是Thecircadianrhythm，其中的sleep指的是晚上的睡眠，light指的是白天，因此G選項承接上文，符合語境，故選G。3．空后“Thisiswhysleepissoimportantafteryou’vebeentothegym.(這就是為什么在你去健身房之后睡覺是如此重要。)”說明了睡覺很重要，空格處應該說睡眠的好處，F(xiàn)選項“Whileresting,thebodyusesthedowntimetorecover.(休息時，身體利用休息時間來恢復。)”說明睡覺能讓身體恢復，是睡覺的好處，因此F選項引起下文，符合語境，故選F。4．空前“Cellsinfectedbyvirusesareattractedtothelocalareaandkilled,causingsorenessintheaffectedtissues,andmucus(鼻涕)floodsthenosetojointhefight.(被病毒感染的細胞被吸引到局部區(qū)域并被殺死，導致受感染組織疼痛，鼻涕會涌入鼻子加入戰(zhàn)斗。)”說明被病毒感染的細胞會被殺死，空后“Youwakeupfeelinglikedeathduetothebattlehappeningwithin.(當你醒來時，由于內(nèi)部的斗爭，你感覺自己像死了一樣。)”說明你醒來后感覺很糟糕，空格處承上啟下，應該說雖然被病毒感染的細胞被殺死，但是這并不表示你會感覺很好，D選項“It’sagoodthing,butitreallydoesn’tfeellikeit.(這是件好事，但這真的感覺不像。)”說明了空前所說的內(nèi)容感覺起來并不像好事，因此D選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選D。5．空前“Whenyouliedown,yourmucusbuildsupinthenose,causingpressureandheadaches.(當你躺下時，你的鼻涕在鼻子里積聚，造成壓力和頭痛。)”說明了躺下時鼻涕會積聚，造成壓力和頭痛，空格處應該說不躺下時會感覺怎么樣，C選項“Asyoustandup,youstarttofeelbetter.(當你站起來的時候，你開始感覺好多了。)”說明了站起來時感覺會好得多，因此C選項承接上文，符合語境，故選C。B（2024·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·二模）Yourmanagerstopsyouandsayssheneedstohaveawordaboutyourperformanceintherecentproject.Shebeginsbypraisingyouforthegoodworkyou’vedoneontheproject,andyouwonderifthisisthepraisethatstartsoffthetypical“feedbacksandwich”.6Saysomethingnice,saywhatyoureallywanttosay,saysomethingniceagain.However,whenfeedbackbecomessucharoutine,employeescanstarttoperceivepositivefeedbackassimplyaformofsugarcoatingthenegatives,thusdecreasingitsvalue.Instead,positivefeedbackshouldnotsimplybeseenassomethingtocushionthenegative.7Belowarethreetipstohelpyoumakepositivefeedbackcount.8Whenpositiveandnegativefeedbackalwaysappeartogohandinhand,thepositivescanbecomedevaluedandignored.Ensuretherearetimeswhenpositivefeedbackisgivenforitsownsakeandresistthetemptationtoofferconstructivecriticism.Cultivatea“growthmindset”.Manyofustendtofocusourpraiseontheendresultandseeminginborntalents.Forexample,9However,researchsuggeststhatbyfocusingontheprocessofboxthingsaredone,wecanencouragethedevelopmentofnewskillsandthecontinuedenhancementoftalents.Createacultureofofferingpositivefeedback.Makegivingpositivefeedbackpartofyourteamculture.Don’tjustwaitforspecialmomentstogivefeedback.Offerinformalpositivefeedbackwhenmakingsmalltalk.10Encouragepeerfeedbackamongteammembersandcolleaguesandactivelyaskthemforpositivecommentsoneachother’sperformancesontasks.A．youhavearealtalentfororganizingevents.B．Youknowhowthefeedbacksandwichgoes.C．Attempttoinjectsomepositivityintonegativefeedback.D．youreallyputalotofeffortintomakingthiseventasuccess.E．Don’talwaysfollowpositivefeedbackwithnegativefeedback.F．Feedbackdoesn’thavetoonlycomefromthehigherrankseither.G．Itshouldalsobedeliveredsoastoreinforceandencouragegoodperformance.6．B7．G8．E9．A10．F【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了消極的反饋和積極的反饋之間的關(guān)系和影響。6．根據(jù)上文“Shebeginsbypraisingyouforthegoodworkyou’vedoneontheproject,andyouwonderifthisisthepraisethatstartsoffthetypical“feedbacksandwich”.(她一開始就稱贊你在項目中做得很好，你想知道這是不是典型的“反饋三明治”的開始)”以及后文“Saysomethingnice,saywhatyoureallywanttosay,saysomethingniceagain.(說點好聽的話，說你真正想說的話，再說點好聽的話)”可知，后文具體解釋了“反饋三明治”的過程，可知知道反饋三明治是怎么回事。故B選項“你知道反饋三明治是怎么回事”符合語境，故選B。7．根據(jù)上文“However,whenfeedbackbecomessucharoutine,employeescanstarttoperceivepositivefeedbackassimplyaformofsugarcoatingthenegatives,thusdecreasingitsvalue.Instead,positivefeedbackshouldnotsimplybeseenassomethingtocushionthenegative.(然而，當反饋成為一種慣例時，員工會開始認為積極的反饋只是一種粉飾消極的形式，從而降低了消極反饋的價值。相反，積極的反饋不應該僅僅被看作是緩沖消極的東西)”可知，上文提到積極的反饋不應該僅僅被看作是緩沖消極的東西，本句承接上文說明積極反饋真正的作用。故G選項“它的實施也應該是為了加強和鼓勵良好的表現(xiàn)”符合語境，故選G。8．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Whenpositiveandnegativefeedbackalwaysappeartogohandinhand,thepositivescanbecomedevaluedandignored.Ensuretherearetimeswhenpositivefeedbackisgivenforitsownsakeandresistthetemptationtoofferconstructivecriticism.(當積極和消極的反饋總是齊頭并進時，積極的東西就會被貶低和忽視。確保有時候給予積極的反饋是為了反饋本身，并抵制提供建設(shè)性批評的誘惑)”可知，后文提到了積極和消極的反饋的缺點，建議提出建設(shè)性批評，說明不要總是太在乎積極的反饋和消極的反饋。故E選項“不要總是緊跟著積極的反饋和消極的反饋”符合語境，故選E。9．根據(jù)上文“Cultivatea“growthmindset”.Manyofustendtofocusourpraiseontheendresultandseeminginborntalents.(培養(yǎng)“成長心態(tài)”。我們中的許多人傾向于把贊美集中在最終結(jié)果和似乎天生的才能上)”可知，本句主要是針對上文提到的“把贊美集中在最終結(jié)果和似乎天生的才能上”進行舉例說明，A選項中talent對應上文talents。故A選項“你在組織活動方面很有天賦”符合語境，故選A。10．根據(jù)后文“Encouragepeerfeedbackamongteammembersandcolleaguesandactivelyaskthemforpositivecommentsoneachother’sperformancesontasks.(鼓勵團隊成員和同事之間的同伴反饋，并積極要求他們對彼此在任務中的表現(xiàn)給予積極的評價)”可知，同伴也可以給予反饋，說明反饋不一定來自上級。故F選項“反饋也不一定只來自高層”符合語境，故選F。C（2024·北京·一模）“Findyourpassion!”Whendiscussingfuturecareeroptionsorselectingamajorincollege,yourparentsoftensaythis.Theveryexpressionismeanttoinspire.Butisitgoodadvice?“Finding”apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,thisideaisnotwhatsciencetellsus.11Tostudythis,researchersuseaframeworkof

“fixed”and“growth”mindsets.Theyarguethatencouragingpeopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable.12Incontrast,peoplewhoviewinterestsandpassionsasdevelopedhaveagrowthmindsetofinterest.Researchershaverevealedthatafixedmindsetofinterestcandecreasecreativity.Ifpeoplebelievetheyarelimitedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeingimportantconnectionsacrossdomains.13Evidently,peoplecandoalottoembraceagrowthmindsetofinterest.First,realizethatyourinterestsandpassionsaren’tpre-existing.Takeanactiveroleindevelopingyourpassions.Second,practisepositiveself-talk.Whenyoulackinterestinanewtask,payattentiontoyourinnerdialogue.14Forexample,change“I’mnotinterestedinthis”to“I’mnotinterestedinthisyet,butIknowthatinterestcandevelopwithtimeandengagement.”15Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Thesciencetellsusweshouldworktowardlovingwhatwedo.Wemightbecomemorecreativeandresilientasaresult.A．Socanagrowthmindsetofinterestbetaught?B．Insteadpassions,likeinterests,aredeveloped.C．Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.D．Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.E．Assuch,seeinginterestsasfixedlimitstheircreativepotential.F．Don’texpectthatpursuingnewinterestswillalwaysbeeasyorexciting.G．Replaceself-criticalthoughtswithpositiveonesthatencouragegrowthandlearning.11．B12．C13．E14．G15．D【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章批判了“找到你的激情”這個觀點，認為激情是培養(yǎng)出來的，要秉持興趣成長型心態(tài)，這會幫助你保持開放和好奇，有助于培養(yǎng)激情。11．根據(jù)上文““Finding”apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,thisideaisnotwhatsciencetellsus.(“找到”激情意味著它已經(jīng)存在，只是在等待被發(fā)現(xiàn)。不幸的是，科學并沒有告訴我們這個想法)”可知，科學表明“激情”并非存在某個地方，等待被發(fā)現(xiàn)；由此可知，激情是需要培養(yǎng)的。B項“Insteadpassions,likeinterests,aredeveloped.(相反，激情和興趣一樣，是需要培養(yǎng)的)”符合題意。故選B。12．根據(jù)上文“Theyarguethatencouragingpeopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable.(他們認為，鼓勵人們“找到”自己的激情可能會使他們最終相信興趣和激情是天生的，相對來說是不可改變的)”推知，相信激情和興趣是可以找到的人，大有可能認為激情和興趣是不可改變的，即他們有一種固定的興趣心態(tài)。C項“Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.(這么想的人有一種固定的興趣心態(tài))”符合題意，this指代上文“believethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable”。故選C。13．根據(jù)上文“Ifpeoplebelievetheyarelimitedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeingimportantconnectionsacrossdomains.(如果人們認為他們只局限于一些天生的興趣，因此不去探索其他領(lǐng)域，他們可能會錯過跨領(lǐng)域的重要聯(lián)系)”可知，如果人們認為他們只局限于一些天生的興趣，他們可能會錯過跨領(lǐng)域的重要聯(lián)系；空處位于段末，應對上文進行總結(jié)。E項“Assuch,seeinginterestsasfixedlimitstheircreativepotential.(因此，將興趣視為固定的限制了他們的創(chuàng)造潛力)”符合題意，creativepotential呼應上文exploreotherarea。故選E。14．根據(jù)下文“Forexample,change“I’mnotinterestedinthis”to“I’mnotinterestedinthisyet,butIknowthatinterestcandevelopwithtimeandengagement.”(例如，將“我對這個不感興趣”改為“我對這個還不感興趣，但我知道興趣會隨著時間和投入而發(fā)展?！?”可知，當我們對某個東西不感興趣時，要用積極的想法代替消極的想法。G項“Replaceself-criticalthoughtswithpositiveonesthatencouragegrowthandlearning.(用鼓勵成長和學習的積極想法取代自我批評的想法)”符合題意，下文是對選項的舉例說明。故選G。15．根據(jù)下文“Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Thesciencetellsusweshouldworktowardlovingwhatwedo.Wemightbecomemorecreativeandresilientasaresult.(但興趣的成長型心態(tài)會幫助你保持開放和好奇?？茖W告訴我們，我們應該努力去熱愛我們所做的事情。因此，我們可能會變得更有創(chuàng)造力和耐力)”中的But可知，空處內(nèi)容與下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。D項“Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.(當然，并不是每一項活動都會成為一種燃燒的激情)”符合語境，雖然并非每項活動都會成為激情，但保持興趣成長型心態(tài)有助于讓人們保持開放和好奇。故選D。D（2024·山西晉中·模擬預測）WhyCookingMealsatHomeBenefitsMoreThanJustYourWalletWhenhungerstrikes,theconvenienceofenteringafast-foodrestaurantororderingtake-outcanbeterriblyattractive.Relyingonfoodawayfromhomeoccasionallyistotallyacceptable.16Herearefourreasonstomakecookingathomeyouroption.●It’scheaper.Youcouldspend$100atafancyrestaurantforonedinner,whilethesameamountofmoneycouldbuyyougroceriesforaweek.Whenyoushopsmartandgetcreative,youneedn’tspendmorethan$1onbreakfast,$2onlunchand$4ondinnertopurchasewholesome,healthyfoods.Here’show:17●Itmayreduceyourexposuretocertainchemicals.Themostsurprisingbenefitofcookingathomecandecreasetheamountofharmfulchemicalsyou’reexposedto.Peoplecookingathomehavelowerlevelsofdangerouschemicalsintheirbodies.18Foodpackagingcanalsocontainotherdamagingcompounds(化合物).●Youcanbetterestimatecalories.Eatingoutcanmakecaloriecountingtricky.19Onthecontrary,youhavecompletecontroloverthefoodmaterialswhenyoucookinyourownkitchen.Choosingfiber-packedvegetablesandmeatcontaininglessfatwillhelpkeepyourcaloriesundercontrol.Sowillthewayyoucookyourfood.Ratherthanfrying,chooseroasting.●20Manychefsusealotofsaltwhilecooking.Whilesaltcanmakefoodtastier,toomuchofitislinkedtoserioushealthissueslikeheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.Athome,youcancontrolthequantityofsaltonyourplatebyseasoningfoodinotherways,likeusinglemonjuice.Thesamegoesforsugar.Youcanusesmallerquantitiesofnaturalsweetenerslikehoneytoaddsweetnesstoyourfood.Toomuchaddedsugarislinkedtosomediseasesaswell.A．Youcanreduceaddedsaltandsugar.B．Buyinlargequantitiesandsticktostorebranditems.C．Saltandsugararebothessentialsincookingdeliciousfoods.D．Peoplearealwaystooengagedintheirworktocookathomepersonally.E．Thatiswhypeopletendtoconsumeextracalorieswhendiningawayfromhome.F．However,whenitbecomesaroutine,yourwaistline,yourwalletandyourhealthcanbebadlyaffected.G．Commonintakeoutandfast-foodpackaging,thosechemicalshavebeenassociatedwithmanydiseases.16．F17．B18．G19．E20．A【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在家做飯的好處。16．根據(jù)上文“Whenhungerstrikes,theconvenienceofenteringafast-foodrestaurantororderingtake-outcanbeterriblyattractive.(當饑餓來襲時，進入快餐店或叫外賣的便利會非常吸引人。)”和下文“Herearefourreasonstomakecookingathomeyouroption.(這里有四個理由讓你選擇在家做飯。)”可知，上文提到饑餓的時候叫外賣非常有吸引力，下文要介紹選擇在家做飯的理由，空處和上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明經(jīng)常進快餐店或者叫外賣的壞處。F項：However,whenitbecomesaroutine,yourwaistline,yourwalletandyourhealthcanbebadlyaffected.(然而，當它成為一種習慣時，你的腰圍、錢包和健康都會受到嚴重影響。)符合語境。故選F。17．根據(jù)上文“Youcouldspend$100atafancyrestaurantforonedinner,whilethesameamountofmoneycouldbuyyougroceriesforaweek.Whenyoushopsmartandgetcreative,youneedn’tspendmorethan$1onbreakfast,$2onlunchand$4ondinnertopurchasewholesome,healthyfoods.(你可以花100美元在一家高級餐廳吃一頓晚餐，而同樣的錢可以買一個星期的雜貨。當你聰明地購物并富有創(chuàng)意時，你不需要在早餐上花超過1美元，在午餐上花2美元，在晚餐上花4美元，就能買到有益健康的食物。)”可知，空處承接上文，介紹明智購物的方法。B項：Buyinlargequantitiesandsticktostorebranditems.(大量購買，堅持購買商店品牌的商品。)符合語境。故選B。18．根據(jù)上文“Peoplecookingathomehavelowerlevelsofdangerouschemicalsintheirbodies.(在家做飯的人體內(nèi)的危險化學物質(zhì)含量較低。)”和下文“Foodpackagingcanalsocontainotherdamagingcompounds(化合物).(食品包裝也可能含有其他有害的化合物。)”可知，空處提到了化學物質(zhì)，并和下文一起講述了化學物質(zhì)和食品接觸的渠道。G項中的“thosechemicals”和上文中“dangerouschemicals”對應。G項：Commonintakeoutandfast-foodpackaging,thosechemicalshavebeenassociatedwithmanydiseases.(在外賣和快餐包裝中很常見，這些化學物質(zhì)與許多疾病有關(guān)。)符合語境。故選G。19．根據(jù)上文“Eatingoutcanmakecaloriecountingtricky.(外出就餐會讓計算卡路里變得棘手。)”可知，外出就餐會導致卡路里攝入量變多。E項中的“tendtoconsumeextracalories”和上文中“makecaloriecountingtricky”對應。E項：Thatiswhypeopletendtoconsumeextracalorieswhendiningawayfromhome.(這就是為什么人們在外出就餐時往往會攝入額外的卡路里。)符合語境。故選E。20．空處為段落小標題。根據(jù)下文“Manychefsusealotofsaltwhilecooking.Whilesaltcanmakefoodtastier,toomuchofitisl