天津市南開中學(xué)2024屆高三下第一次測試英語試題請考生注意：1．請用2B鉛筆將選擇題答案涂填在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上，請用0．5毫米及以上黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將主觀題的答案寫在答題紙相應(yīng)的答題區(qū)內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙上均無效。2．答題前，認(rèn)真閱讀答題紙上的《注意事項(xiàng)》，按規(guī)定答題。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．—Whyareyousoupset?—Ihadmycomputerrepairedyesterday,butit________workagain.A．doesn’t B．didn’tC．won’t D．wouldn’t2．Iamwonderinghowit________thatyoudidsomuchworkwithinsuchashorttime.A．heldup B．cameaboutC．gaveaway D．calledfor3．Iguess________impressesmemostabouthispaintingisthecolorsheuses.A．who B．whichC．that D．what4．Thefellowwespoke________nocommentatfirst.A．tomake B．tomadeC．made D．tomaking5．makesmestressedistheentranceexaminationiscomingnearerandnearer.A．It;what B．What;that C．What;what D．That;that6．--Canyousparemeafewminutesnow?--______,butI’llbefreethisafternoon.A．I’mafraidnot B．I’mnotsureC．Yes,withpleasure D．No,Iwon’t7．“Drive-ins”havelargeparkinglots________customersareservedintheircarsbywaitresses.A．who B．when C．which D．where8．Althoughvaluesmaybe____,it’shelpfultosharethemwithyourpartnerforadditionalsupport.A．terminalB．personalC．crucialD．practical9．Topgraduatesfromuniversitiesare________bymajorcompanies.A．chased B．registeredC．offered D．compromised10．IamatalosswhyMikeisalways________everytimeImeethim.Believeitornot,weusedtobebestfriends.A．givingmethecoldshoulderB．makingmydayC．followingsuitD．beatingaroundthebush11．—Mum,Iamworryingaboutmypetdogwhileweareaway.—Boy,you________.Ourneighborhasofferedtohelpus.A．can’tB．wouldn’tC．needn’tD．mustn’t12．Thepeoplesucceededbecausetheyunderstoodthatyoucan’tletyourfailures_________you——youhavetoletyourfailuresteachyou.A．defineB．declineC．qualifyD．simplify13．Yourdonationgreatlyappreciatedandthemoneywillbeusedtohelpthestudentsfrompoorfamilies.A．hasbeenB．isC．wasD．hadbeen14．________onFebruary5,2019,theWanderingEarthsoonbecameagreathit.A．Releasing B．BeingreleasedC．Released D．Torelease15．Theweatherturnedouttobefine.I_____________thetroubletocarrytheumbrellawithme.A．shouldhavetaken B．musthavetakenC．couldn'thavetaken D．needn'thavetaken16．Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegree______peopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.A．bywhich B．towhich C．inwhich D．fromwhich17．SometimesIactasalisteningearforfellowstudents________whatisbotheringthem.A．totalkover B．talkedoverC．talkover D．havingtalkedover18．Youshouldfirstexploreyourtalentsandgettoknowyourselfsoastomakealistof_________youthinkyourrealinterestslie.A．thatB．whatC．whereD．how19．Computer-controlledrobotsaretakingoverjobsinmanyindustries,whichusedtobedone_______.A．a(chǎn)rtificiallyB．manuallyC．comprehensivelyD．gradually20．Whenfacedwithabigchallenge________potentialfailureseemstohideateverycorner,maybeyou'veheardthisadvicebefore:“Bemoreconfident.”A．where B．whose C．which D．ofwhich第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）BeforeChristmasEvein1870RichardWagnerandhiswife,Cosima,hadagreednottobuyeachotherChristmaspresents.Theyweresimplytoopoor.ButWagnerwasplanningasurprisegift.FormorethantwomonthshehadbeencraftingapieceofmusictobeperformedoutsideCosima’sbedroomdooronChristmasmorning.HehadbaseditonthemeslatertobeusedinhisoperaSiegfried,plusalittlenurserysonghehadwrittenfortheirchildrentwoyearsearlier.HecompletedtheSiegfriedIdyllthreeweeksbeforeChristmasandarrangedforconductorHansRichtertochoosethemembersofthesmallorchestra.Richterconductedsecretrehearsals,firstinZurichthenatahotelinLucerne.WagnerinvitedphilosopherFriedrichNietzschetothefinalrehearsalonChristmasEveattheHotelduLacandtheyarrivedtogetherattheWagners’homeinthevillageofTrihschen.TheretheyfoundCosimadecoratingtheChristmastreeandpreparingpresentsforthechildren.Atseveno’clockonChristmasmorningthemusiciansarrivedandquietlyarrangedthemselvesonthestairsoutsideCosima’sroom.Theybegantoplay.“AsIawoketothelightofdawn,”Cosimasaidlater,“mymindpassedfromonedreamintoanother.FamiliarsoundsfromSiegfriedcametomyears.Itwasasifthehouseormoreaccuratelyourentirebeing,wasrisingupinmusicandgoinguptoheaven.Sacredmemories,birdsongandsunrise,interwovenwithmusicfromSiegfriedcalmedmyheartandIcametorealizethatIwasnotdreaming,andyetwasexperiencingthemostwonderfuloneofalldreams.NowatlastIunderstoodallofRichard’swritinginsecret.”AndyetWagnerhadkepthispromisenottobuyhiswifeaChristmaspresent.December25thwasCosima’sbirthday.1、WhydidtheWagnersagreenottobuyChristmaspresentsforeachother?A．Theybothdidn’tliketobuypresents.B．Theywereonlytoopoor.C．Theywereveryrich.D．Theydidn’thavethehabit.2、WhatwasCosimadoingwhenthefinalrehearsalwasconductedonChristmasEveattheHotelduLac?A．Cosimawassleeping.B．Cosimawasplayingwiththechildrenathome.C．CosimawasbusywiththepreparationforChristmas.D．Cosimawascookinginthekitchen.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“themselves”inParagraph4referto?A．Christmas.B．Themusicians.C．Thestairs.D．Thechildren.4、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．AgreatChristmas.B．Agreatlove.C．Agoodbirthday.D．Asurprisegift.22．（8分）Weallhavedefiningmomentsinourlives----meaningfulexperiencesthatstandoutinourmemory.Manyofthemoweagreatdealtochance:aluckyencounter(相遇)withsomeonewhobecomestheloveofyourlife.Anewteacherwhospotsatalentyoudidn’tknowyouhad.Thesemomentsseemtobetheproductoffateorluck.Wecan’tcontrolthem.Butisthattrue?Nonecessarily.Definingmomentsshapeourlives,butwedon’thavetowaitforthemtohappen.Wecanbetheauthorsofthem.Itispossibletocreatedefiningmomentsifweunderstandmoreaboutthem.Ourresearchshowsthattheyallshareasetofcommonelements.Westartbyasking:whydoweremembercertainexperiencesandforgetothers?Inthecaseofbigdays,suchasweddings,theanswerisprettyclear----it’sacelebrationthatisgrandinscaleandrichinemotion.Nosurprisethatit’smorememorablethanamathslesson.Butforotherexperiencesinlife----fromholidaystoworkprojects----it’snotsoclearwhywerememberwhatwedo.Consideranexperimentinwhichparticipantswereaskedtosubmerge(浸入)theirhandsfor60secondsinbucketsfilledwith14℃water.(Remember14℃waterfeelsmuchcolderthan14℃air.)Theywerethenaskedtosubmergetheirhandsfor90secondsinsteadof60,butduringthefinal30seconds,thewaterwarmedupto15℃.Theparticipantswerethengivenachoice:wouldyouratherrepeatthefirsttrialorthesecond?Psychologistshaveexplainedthereasonsforthispuzzlingresult.Whenpeopleassessanexperience,theytendtoforgetorignoreitslength.Instead,theyseemtoratetheexperiencebasedontwokeymoments:thebestorworstmoment,knownasthepeak,andtheending.Intheparticipants’memories,whatstoodoutforthemwasthatthelongertrialendedmorecomfortablythantheshorterone.Sowhenweassessourexperiences,wedon’taverageourminute-by-minutefeelings.Rather,wetendtorememberflagshipmoments:thepeaks,thepits(低谷)andthetransitions.Whatwedon’trememberarethebitsinbetween----sometimesthereislittletodistinguishoneweekfromthenext.Partlythisisbecausetheremaybeonlyadozenmomentsinyourlifethatshowwhoyouare----thosearebigdefiningmoments.Buttherearesmallerexperiences,too,inthecontextofamemorableholiday,romanticdateorworkachievement.Onceweunderstandhowweremembercertainmomentsandwhy,wecanstarttocreatemoremomentsthatmatter.1、Howdoestheauthorunderstanddefiningmoments?A．Wecancreatedefiningmomentsinourlives.B．Definingmomentsarejustoutofourcontrol.C．Nosimilaritiesexistbetweendefiningmoments.D．Definingmomentsconsistofsmallerexperiences.2、Wecanlearnfromtheexperimentthat_____.A．thestrikingmomentsaremorelikelytoberemembered.B．thelengthofanexperiencedeterminesourmemoryofitC．itismeaningfultodistinguishthebitsinbetweenflagshipmoments.D．a(chǎn)llthecomponentsofanexperienceshouldbeequallyremembered3、Whatwouldprobablybediscussedinthefollowingpartofthetext?A．Whattoprepareforlife’strials.B．Whytocreatedefiningmoments.C．Whomtooweourgoodfatesto.D．Howtocreatelife’sbigmoments.23．（8分）Once,alionessandhercubwerehuntinginthejungle.Thebabyaskeditsmother,"Mother,whyarewehuntingwhenadeerisalreadyathome?”Themothersaid,"Mylove!Wecan'teatthatdeerbecauseithassurrendered(投降)himselfseekingourhelp.Heiswoundedandhelpless.Wemusthelphim.”Thebabycubwassurprisedandquestionedagain,"Whyso?That'sourfood,wecaneatit.”“Honey,youareright!It'sourfoodandwecankillhiminanysecondbutdoyouthinkhedeservestobekilledwhenhehascometo-usforprotection?”Thebabycubcouldn'tunderstandhermother'svulnerability(軟弱).Itkeptquietandpacedwithitsmother.Atlast,theydidn'tgetanythingandcamebacktotheircave.Thedeer,ontheotherhand,wasterrifiedofhisowndecisionoftakingshelterinthecave.Unfortunatelyhehadnochoice!Hewasattackedbyahunterandsomehowmanagedtoescape.Whilerunningforhislife,hesawthecaveandwithoutasecondthoughtenteredit.Hehadalreadygotashotfromthehunter.Whenherealizedhewasinthelionscave,hegaveuptheideaofrunningbackagain.Thedeergazedatthelionesswithapitifullook,tearsrollingdownHesatthereasifheurgedforthemercyofthelioness.Thelionesscameclosertothedeer,smelleditandslowlymovedoutofthecavewithhercub.Whenthelionscameback,thecubaskeditsmothertokillthedeeragain.Butthelionesswasfirmonherdecision.Shesaid,"Sweetheart!Wecan-manageonenightwithoutanyfood.Tomorrow,Iwoulddefinitelyfetchoutsomefoodforyou.”Thecubsaidnothing,grunted(嘟噥）alittle.Whenthecubslept,thelionesswhisperedtothedeer,"Run,awayfromthisareabecauseIdoubtifIcouldsaveyouanylongerifthenexttimesituationdemands!"Thedeerlookedatthelionesswithgratitudeandslowlywalkedawayfromthecave.1、Whatcontributestothedeer'ssurvival?A．Thehunter’smercy.B．Thelioness'ssympathy.C．Thecub'sunderstanding.D．Thelioness'svulnerability.2、Whatdoweknowaboutthedeer?A．Hetrustedthelioness.B．Heregrettedsurrendering.C．Hewenttothecavebyaccident.D．Hetriedtofightthelioness.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceimply?A．Thedeermightbekilled.B．Thehunterwouldspotthedeeragain.C．Thelionesscouldcurethedeer.D．Thecubmightdrivethedeerout.4、What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．ArtofParenting.B．ADeerHunt.C．Momentofkindness.D．ANarrowEscape.24．（8分）RussianpolicehavestartedanewattempttogetdriverstoslowdownatzebracrossingsbyhavingpaintedhorsesaszebraswalkacrossonthebusieststreetsinsomeofthebigcitiesinanattempttoimproveroadsafetyandraiseawarenessamongRussia’snotoriously(臭名昭著地)carelessdrivers.Thelightgreyhorses,paintedwithblackstripes,carriedsignsontheirbacksreading:“Careful,childrenareontheirwaytoschool.”Thepolicesentthe“zebras”toseveraldifferentlocationsintheRussiancapital,whereofficialsinorangevestswalkedthemoverzebracrossingsandhandedoutleaflets(傳單)topassingdrivers.Somehelduprainbow-colouredumbrellasoverthepaintedanimalstoprotectthemfromtherain.Russianroadsarenotoriouslydangerousanddriversstillrarelytaketheinitiative(主動采取措施)toavoidpedestrians.Nearlyhalfofalltrafficaccidentsinthecountry’sbigcitiesarecausedbycarshittingpedestrians,andathirdofthoseoccuroncrossings,accordingtotrafficpolicefigurespublishedlastmonth.Inthefirstsixmonthsofthisyear,378peoplewerekilledandmorethan6,600injuredonpedestriancrossingsinRussia,accordingtopolice.InMoscowalone,43peoplewerekilled,includingtwochildren.Thoughpoliceofficialssaidthatonlysafepaintwouldbeusedontheanimals,animalrightsactivistsstilldisagreedwiththeidea,accusingthepoliceof“treatinganimalslikegarbage”.“Childrenunderstandthatpaintsarebadforanimals,”theInterfaxnewsagencyquotedpresidentofVitaanimalrightsgroupIrinaNovozhilovaassaying.Let’shopethispartofthecampaignisoverandanimalsareleftoutoffutureattemptstoraisepedestrians’awareness.1、WhydoMoscowpolicehave“zebras”walkacrossonthebusieststreets?A．Tomakeacallonprotectinganimals.B．Toremindpeoplezebrasareindangerofextinction.C．Totellpeopleitisdangeroustocrossstreets.D．Toraisedrivers’awarenessofroadsafety.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph2referto?A．Thezebras. B．Thehorses.C．Thepolicemen. D．Thedrivers.3、Fromthetextwecanlearnthat________.A．mostRussiandrivershaverealizedtheseriousnessoftheproblemB．RussiandriversoftenignoretrafficlightsC．RussiandriversseldomgivewaytopedestriansD．thedrivingskillsofRussiandriversarebad4、Whatdoanimalrightsactiviststhinkofthenewattempt?A．Driversmustslowdownatpedestriancrossings.B．Theseanimalsareill-treatedbythepolice.C．Thepaintsusedonthehorsesaresafe.D．Roadsafetyshouldbeimproved.5、Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetowardsthecampaign?A．Critical. B．Reserved.C．Doubtful. D．Positive.25．（10分）“BallisticmissilethreatinboundtoHawaii.Seekimmediateshelter.Thisisnotadrill.”Itmightsoundlikesomethingstraightoutofahorrormovie,butfor38minutesterrifiedHawaiianresidentsthoughttheworldwasgoingtoend.OnSaturday,localsandtouristsonthesmallislandwokeuptoamessagethatmanyhavefearedamidNorthKorea’sdevelopmentofanuclearweapon.Panickedresidentsgatheredfamilymembers,ranoutontothestreetsandanxiouslysoughtshelterastheyawaitedtheattack.Carswereabandonedonhighwaysandpeoplewhowereoutsideatthetimehidinthebasementsofneighboursasotherspreparedtoflee.StaceyBow,56,ofHonoluluwasawakenedtotheemergencyalert(警報(bào))onhersmartphoneandwokeupher16-year-olddaughter,whobecamehysterical,crying.ChereseCarlson,saidthemomentsfollowingthealertwerefilledwithfear.“Ihadnofriendsheretoturntoforhelp,”shesaid.“TherewasnothingIcoulddobutsitinmycarworriedthatitwastheendofmylife.”O(jiān)thersthoughtthatitwasahoaxorafalsealarm,sincethesirens(報(bào)警汽笛)didnotringout.“Ithoughttomyself,itmustbesomeone’slastdayatworkorsomeonegotextremelyupsetatasuperiorandbasicallydidthisasajoke,”saidBrianNaeole,whowasvisitingHonolulufromMolokai,addingthathedidn’thearsirensandneitherTVnorradiostationsissuedalerts.Itturnedoutthattheincidentwascausedbyaworkerwhopressedthewrongbutton.Arevisedalertinformingpeopleofthe“falsealarm”didnotreachmobilephonesuntilabout40minutesafterthefirstwarningwassent.Hawaii’sEmergencyManagementAgencyadministratorVernMiyagisaid,“therewasnoautomatedwaytosendafalsealarmcancellation.Wehadtoinitiateamanualprocess.Andthatwaswhyittookawhiletoinformeveryone”.Heapologisedforthefalsealarm.1、Whendidthepeopleprobablyreceivethealertmessage?A．At8:07a.m.B．At11:05a.m.C．At6:13p.m.D．At9:05p.m.2、WhatcanweinferaboutChereseCarlson?A．ShewasalocallivinginHonolulu.B．Shecelledupherfriendsforassistance.C．ShehadtohideinastrongbasementD．ShewasprobablyatouristvisitingHawaii.3、HowdidBrianNaeolefeelafterreadingthealertmessage?A．Desperate.B．Calm.C．Terrified.D．Funny.4、Theunderlinedword“manual”inthelastparagraphmeans.A．expressedinwordsB．controlledbycomputersC．operatedbyhandD．performedbyrobots第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）Iwokeuptoansweraphonecallfromataxidriverwhohadmyfriend’scellphone.Myfriendhadapparently1itinthetaxithenightbefore.Thedriverhadcalledothers,2Iwasthefirstonewho3toanswer.Thecabdriveraskedmewherehecould4thecellphoneoff.ItoldhimthecrossstreetstowhereIlivedand5jumpedoutofbed,gotdressedandtoldthecabdriverIWmeethimonthe6ofthosestreets.ThedriverdroveallthewayfromQueensto7thisphonetowhereIlived.I8ifhehadtakenona9ortwo.Hecouldhavemadesomegood10fromdrivingthatdistance.WhenImetupwiththetaxidriverI11himforhavingsuchakindandbeautifulsoul.Iwasso12formyfriend!MyfriendrecentlymovedherefromoutofthecountryandIcanonlyimaginehow13hiscellphoneistohim!IfurtheraskedthetaxidriverifIcouldgethis14,sothatmyfriendcanthankhimaswell.Hesaidmy15wasallthatheneededanddroveoff.Ie-mailedmyfriend16himIhadhisphoneandlaterthatdaymetupwithhimtotellhimhowIhadreceivedit.Myfriendsmiled17biggerandsaidhecouldn’tbelievesuchkindness18inthisbigcity.Hetoldmehecannot19topayitforward.Iwassotouchedtowitnessthekindstorythat20earlythatmorninganditjustmademyday!1、A．usedB．leftC．playedD．showed2、A．forB．orC．soD．but3、A．pickedupB．watchedoverC．turnedupD．calmeddown4、A．takeB．payC．dropD．ring5、A．quicklyB．finallyC．slowlyD．a(chǎn)nxiously6、A．backB．sideC．frontD．corner7、A．deliverB．moveC．enjoyD．repair8、A．determinedB．a(chǎn)skedC．wonderedD．doubted9、A．strangerB．passengerC．witnessD．friend10、A．pleasureB．fameC．experienceD．money11、A．thankedB．rememberedC．treasuredD．paid12、A．sorryB．encouragedC．excitedD．happy13、A．lovelyB．importantC．reliableD．rare14、A．nameB．opinionC．informationD．request15、A．identityB．gratitudeC．helpD．tip16、A．convincingB．tellingC．warningD．reminding17、A．neverB．justC．evenD．ever18、A．existedB．survivedC．formedD．recovered19、A．decideB．pretendC．waitD．refuse20、A．differedB．succeededC．countedD．happened第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）WhenJoewasabouttostartschool,allsignspointedtosuccess.Yetthingsturnedout1．(be)quitedisappointing.Thefourthgradeevenfoundhimatthebottomoftheclass.Joestruggleddayandnight,but2．madehimupsetwasthatitdidnotwork—untilonestormyafternoon.Onthatafternoon,asthemathteacherstartedtointroducedifficultconcepts,darkcloudscoveredthesky,andthestormsetin.3．shetriedtomakethekidsconcentrate,thethunderwonthebattlefortheirattention.Noonegraspedtheconcepts.ExceptforJoe.Heunderstoodthemandansweredallthequestionscorrectly.Theteacherpattedhimonthebackandtoldhimtogoaroundtotheothersandexplainhowhe4．(manage)it.5．(encourage)byhisnewfoundsuccess,Joemovedquicklythroughouttheroom.Soonmathtime6．(follow)bythetimeforart.Allchildren7．(natural)drewdarkpicturesonsuchaday.ExceptforJoe.Sincethen,Joestartedimproving.Thoughhenevermade8．tothetop,hismathteacherwasalwayscuriousaboutthe9．(amaze)change:WhyhadthatstormydaychangedJoe?OnthedayJoegraduated,hepresentedtheteacherwithhismostfamiliar10．(possess)—thepictureofbrightyellowsun.OnthepictureJoehadwritten:ThisisthedayIwokeuptomybrightness.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）英語課上，老師要求同桌同學(xué)相互修改作文，假設(shè)以下小作文為你同桌所寫，請你對其進(jìn)行修改。文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1）每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2）只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。DearChris,I'mLiMing,monitorofClassOne,SeniorOne.I'mgladtohearthatyouwillcometoourschoolasexchangestudentnextterm.Ifeelitanhonorofustostudywithyou.NowIhavesomethingtotellyouabout.Firstly,withtheclimatechanging,youshouldpreparedenoughclothes.ThentherearedifferentkindoffoodsandsnackswhichwillgiveyouachancetoexperiencingrichChinesefoodculture.Inaddition,everystudentisfriendlytoforeignfriends,thatwillmakeiteasyforyoutogetalonggoodwiththem.Lastbutnotleast,wecandowhatwecantohelpyou,andyoumustgetpreparedtomeettrouble.Duringyourstayhere,IhopeyoucantellusmoreaboutAmericanculture.Onlyb