四川內(nèi)江威遠(yuǎn)龍會(huì)中學(xué)2024年高三六校第一次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng):1．答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2．答題時(shí)請(qǐng)按要求用筆。3．請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。4．作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5．保持卡面清潔，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．I’mafraidthatIcan’tattendTom’sweddingparty______nextweekend.A．tobeheld B．beingheldC．held D．istobeheld2．Shewillfinishtheprojectwithinthreedays!______!Icoulddoitinthreehours.A．Youareright B．I’mstuck C．Oh,comeon D．Don’tmentionit3．Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,_________usesitdifferently.A．a(chǎn)llofwhich B．eachofwhich C．a(chǎn)llofthem D．eachofthem4．WehadwantedtosurpriseFatherwithabirthdaygift,butmysister_______byaskinghimwhathewouldlike.A．lickedherlipsB．a(chǎn)teherwordsC．spiltthebeansD．pulledhisleg5．Theydon’tfeelsafeinourtownatnightbecauseitsodangerous.There’sarobberyeveryweeknow.A．becomes B．became C．hasbecome D．hadbecome6．Childrenexposedtoairpollutionaremoretosufferingfromdifferentdiseases.A．possible B．probable C．likely D．certainly7．Itwasjustatthetimethebellranghefinishedthelastwordinhiscomposition. A．when;which B．that;when C．when;that D．that;which8．Mr.Zhanggavealltextbookstoallthepupils,except____________whohadalreadytakenthem.A．theseB．onesC．thoseD．theothers9．Istillfindithardtoimaginethatsuchacleverchild__________makesuchafoolishmistake.A．shall B．mustC．can D．should10．Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,________canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.A．who B．whichC．what D．that11．—Iamjustwonderingwhichteam,ChicagoBullsorWashingtonWizards,wonthegamelastnight?—________Idon’treallylikeeitherteam.A．Don’tmentionit.B．Noproblem.C．Whocares?D．Whybother?12．Today'shomeworkwaseasy_______soIfinisheditquicklyandwentouttoplay． A．tobedone B．done C．doing D．todo13．Oursocietywouldbebetteroffbutforthefactthattheeconomy________bythecurrentglobalfinancialcrisis.A．hadbeenaffected B．wereaffectedC．shouldbeaffected D．isaffected14．Alongwiththeemailwasmybrother’spromise______Icamefirstinthecompetition,hewouldbuymeanMP4.A．what B．that C．thatif D．whether15．—I’mtiredout.Ican’trunanyfurther,Tom.—________!Mike.I’msureyoucandoit.A．Comeon B．NohurryC．Noproblem D．Welldone16．—Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?—Thetrees________well,butIdidn’twaterthem.A．mightgrow B．needn’thavegrownC．wouldhavegrown D．wouldgrow17．Bythesideoftheteachingbuildingofourschool_____,whichwascompletedin2009. A．therestandingthelibrary B．doesthelibrarystand C．thelibrarystands D．standsthelibrary18．Areyousatisfiedwithhisschoolreport?Notatall.Itcouldn’thavebeen______.A．worseB．sobadC．betterD．theworst19．Dad,haveyouseenmyChristmascard?______youpaintedlastnight?I’mafraidIhaven’tseen______.A．One;one B．Theone;itC．One;it D．Theone;that20．—Peterhasspenttoomuchtimeonnovelsrecently.—Thatmay____hispoorgradeintheexam.A．a(chǎn)ccountforB．a(chǎn)nswerforC．a(chǎn)pplyforD．standfor第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）TheTruthCanSetYouFreeIrecentlygotpulledoverforspeedingnotfarfrommynewhomeinVirginia.Ihadn’tbeenpayingattention，andIhaddrivenafewmilesanhouroverthespeedlimit.“CanIseeyourlicenseandregistration?”thepoliceofficeraskedme.Ipulledbothoutforhim，andhesawmyPittsburghaddressonmyPennsylvaniadriver’slicense.“Whatareyoudoinghere?”heasked.“Areyouwiththearmy?”“No,I’mnot,”Ianswered.IexplainedthatIhadjustmovedtoVirginia,andIhadn’thadtimetoreregisteryet.“Sowhatbringsyouhere?”Hehadaskedadirectquestion.Withoutthinkingveryhard,Igavehimadirectanswer.“Well,officer,”Isaid,“sinceyou’veasked,Ihavecancer.Ihavejustmonthstolive.We’vemoveddownheretobeclosetomywife’sfamily.”“Soyou’vegotcancer,”hesaidflatly.Hewastryingtofiguremeout.WasIreallydying?WasIlying?Hetookalonglookatme.“Youknow,foraguywhohasonlyafewmonthstolive,yousurelookgood.”Hewasobviouslythinking:“Eitherthisguyispullingonebigfatlieonme,orhe’stellingthetruth.”Hewastryingtoquestionmyhonestywithoutdirectlycallingmealiar.AndsohehadforcedmetoprovethatIwasbeinghonest.‘‘Well,officer,IknowthatIlookprettyhealthy.Ilookgreatontheoutside,butthetumors(腫瘤)areontheinside.”Andthen,Idon’tknowwhatpossessedme,butIjustdidit.Ipulledupmyshirt,showingtheoperationalscars.Helookedatmyscars.Helookedinmyeyes.Henowknewhewastalkingtoadyingman.Well,hewasn’ttakingthisanyfurther.Hehandedmebackmylicense.“Domeafavor,”hesaid,“Slowdownfromnowon.”Theawfultruthhadsetmefree.Ashewentbacktohispolicecar,Ihadarealization.Ihadbeenoneofthosegorgeousblondes(金發(fā)美女)whocouldbathereyelashesandgetoutoftickets.Idrovehomeunderthespeedlimit,andIwassmilinglikeabeautyqueen.1、Theauthorwasstoppedbythepoliceofficerbecause.A．hedidn’thavealicense B．heforgottore-registerC．hewasseriouslyill D．hedrovetoofast2、TheauthormovedtoVirginiaprobablybecause.A．hewashomesick B．heservedinthearmythereC．Virginiahadbetterhospitals D．hisfamilycouldbebettercaredfor3、Onhearingabouttheauthor’scancer,thepoliceofficer.A．saiditwasanexcuse B．doubtedhishonestyC．showedsympathyforhim D．a(chǎn)skedhimtoshowhisscars4、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwas.A．optimistic B．a(chǎn)dventurousC．dishonest D．romantic22．（8分）Thevaluesofartisticworks,accordingtoculturalrelativism(相對(duì)主義),aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.Suchaview,however,failstoexplaintheabilityofsomeworksofarttoexcitethehumanmindacrossculturesandthroughcenturies.HistoryhaswitnessedtheendlessproductionsofShakespeareanplaysineverymajorlanguageoftheworld.ItisneverraretofindthatMozartpacksJapaneseconcerthalls,asJapanesepainterHiroshigedoesParisgalleries,Uniqueworksofthiskindaredifferentfromtoday’spopularart,eveniftheybeganasworksofpopularart.Theyhavesetthemselvesapartintheirtimelessappealandwillprobablybeenjoyedforcenturiesintothefuture.Ina1757essay,thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause“thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform(不變的)inhumannature,”thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.HeobservedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears.Worksofthistype,hebelieved,spoketodeepandunvaryingfeaturesofhumannatureandcouldcontinuetoexistovercenturies.Nowresearchersareapplyingscientificmethodstothestudyoftheuniversalityofart.Forexample,evolutionarypsychologyisbeingusedbyliteraryscholarstoexplainthelong-lastingthemesandplotdevicesinfiction.Thestructuresofmusicalpiecesarenowopentoexperimentalanalysisasneverbefore.Researchfindingsseemtoindicatethatthecreationbyagreatartistisaspermanentanachievementasthediscoverybyagreatscientist.1、Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutculturalrelativism?A．Itintroducesdifferentculturalvalues.B．Itexplainsthehistoryofartisticworks.C．Itrelatesartisticvaluestolocalconditions.D．Itexcitesthehumanmindthroughouttheworld.2、InParagraph2,theartistsarementionedinordertoshowthat_____.A．greatworksofartcangobeyondnationalboundariesB．historygivesartworksspecialappealtosetthemapartC．popularartsarehardlydistinguishablefromgreatartsD．greatartistsareskilledatcombiningvariouscultures3、Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A．AreArtisticValuesUniversal?B．ArePopularArtsPermanent?C．IsHumanNatureUniform?D．IsCulturalRelativismScientific?23．（8分）MagicalHistoryTourJoinusforourfifthannualexplorationoffascinatinghistoricsitesaroundGreaterPortlandthatyou’veneverseenormaybedidn’tevenknowexisted!TheMagicalHistoryTourisyourkeytounlockingfascinatinghistoricalplacesthatarenotusuallyopentothepublic.Itisaself-guidedadventureguaranteedtoamazeandamusebothadultsandchildren.Equippedwithamap，andatyourownpace，youwillbegreetedbyguidesateachlocationreadytosharethehistoryofthetourstop.Inthe5thyearoftheMagicalHistoryTour，wewillbepresentinganexcitingmixofbothnewsitesandfavoritesfromthepastfouryears.TheMagicalHistoryTourcheckinbeginsat9:45amatMaineHistoricalSociety’sBrownLibrary.Atthistime，youwillfindoutwherethetourwilltakeyouasyoureceiveyourmapandticketintoeachsite.FollowusonFacebook，Twitter，andInstagramforupdates，chancestowinticketsandsomeotherexcitingopportunities；andfeelfreetoshareyourtourexperiencestooursocialmediapagesusing#MHStour!●Time:10:00am—4:00pm，Saturday，May11，2019●Location:485CongressStreet●Tickets:Getyourticketsonline，bycallingusat207-774-1822，orbyvisitingourMuseumStoreat489CongressStreet.$25／AdultMHSMember；$35／AdultGeneralAdmission；$5／Juniorsunderage18.●Volunteering:WeneedvolunteersfortheMagicalHistoryTour!Volunteershelpforhalfthedayofthetourandaregivenafreetickettothetourtoenjoyeitherbeforeoraftertheirvolunteershift!Formoreinformation，emailusatevents@mainehistoryorgorcallusat207-774-1822.1、What’sthepurposeoftheMagicalHistoryTour?A．Toexploreunfamiliarhistoricsites.B．Tovisitsomeworld-famousattractions.C．Toprovidechildrenwithhistoryclasses.D．Tomakesomeprivateplacesknowntothepublic.2、Howmuchshouldacouple(oneisMHSMember)andakidpay?A．$55. B．$65. C．$75. D．$105.3、Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Youcanbuyaticketbyemailing.B．Touristswillonlybeguidedbyamap.C．Onlynewsitesareavailableforthetour.D．Volunteerscantakepartinthetourforfree.24．（8分）TohelpyoutravelwellinArgentina,we’veputtogethersomeexcitingactivities,coursesandtoursthatyoucanaddtoyourschedule.Thesearenotonlydesignedtobefun,butalsotoenableyoutolearnandexpandyourpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment.WalkingTourofLaBocaThe5-hourtour,moderate（適度的）walking,departsat11aminMonserratandfinishesat4:30pm,TuesdaysandFridays.Price:￡15perpersonTourthebeautifulcobblestone（鵝卵石）streetsofLeBoca,theheartofBuenosAiresandthebirthplaceofTango.ThisfascinatingwalkingtourisamustifyouwanttoexploretherichhistoryofBuenosAires.PhotographyCourses6hoursoflessonsperweekPrice:￡295fortwoweeksStudyphotographywithanexperiencedprivatetutorwhowilltailoryourlessonstoyourindividualneeds.Classesincludepracticalteaching,analysisofyourwork,theoryandhistoryandregularopportunitiestoexplorethecitybyyourselftophotographlandscapesofthecity.GraffitiTourofBuenosAiresThe3-hourtourdepartsat3pminColegialesandfinishesat6pminPalermo,Wednesdays,Thursdays,FridaysorSaturdays.Price:￡35perpersonExperiencetheworldofurbanartthroughthiswonderfultourofBuenosAires.Youcantravelbothonfootandbyair-conditionedminibus.ThetourfinishesinPostBarinPalermo,hometotheuniquestreetartgalleryHollywoodandCambodia.SpanishCourses1-WeekIntensiveCoursewithprivatelessons,beforestartingyourMainProjectPrice:￡590perweekWeeklyLessons:10hoursoflessonsperweekrunningconcurrentwithyourMainProjectPrice:￡195perweek,UseyourtimeinArgentinatolearnSpanish.Youcaneitherdoa1-weekintensivecourseortakelessonsatthesametimeasdoingyourmainproject.1、WhichactivityorcoursewillenableyoutolearnthehistoryofBuenosAires?A．PhotographyCourses.B．GraffitiTourofBuenosAires.C．SpanishCourses.D．WalkingTourofLaBoca.2、WhatcanyoudoinPalermo?A．ExploretherichhistoryofArgentina.B．Doa1-weekintensivecourse.C．Enjoytheuniquestreetart.D．Photographlandscapes.3、Whichofthefollowingwordscan’tbeusedtodescribethecoursesandactivities?A．Adventurous.B．Educational.C．Fun.D．Exciting.25．（10分）VisitorstothegroundsofNewCollegeatEngland’sOxfordUniversitypassunderanirongatewiththeadvice:Mannersmaketheman.Evenafteranappropriateupdateto:Mannersmaketheperson,it’sthought-provoking(引人深思的)—especiallytotoday’sAmericans.Whenwethinkaboutwhatmakestheperson—it’smorelikelythedegree,thejob,thesalary.Sincewhendowecountmannersasameasureofsuccess?Wedoknowthatthesewouldmakelifenicer,ifmoretolerable.However,weforgetoroverlookourmanners.So,itseems,doeseveryoneelse—including,unluckily,ourchildren.Asauniversitypresident,oneofmygreatjoysistovisitourcampusesandseeourstudents,thoughwe’reseparatedbydifferentgenerations,interests,and,ofcoursedressing,eachstudenttellsmesomethingwithinthefirstfewminutesthatwemeet:whetherheorshehasbeentaughtmanners.Isensethisindifferentways:throughherwordsorhergestures,inthewayshelistensorhowhereferstofriendsandfaculty,howshegreetsandsaysgoodbye,howherespondswhenanelderlypersonenterstheroom.Intheabsenceofmanners,however,Imakesomeallowances.Forinstance,themanyethnic(種族的)groupsthatstudentsrepresentoftenhavedifferentexplanationsofwhatmakesupgoodmanners.Inothercases,somestudentsmayrejectwhatthey’velearnedtobreakfromtheirparentsandbeacceptedbyotherstudents.Whetherstudentsarebeingdifferentoropenlyopposing,arecentexperienceIhadwiththemtellsmethatthere’ssomehopeforrevivingandgoodmanners.Goodmannersdon’tjustguaranteeacceptance.Goodmannersopendoorstodeeperconnectionsandmoremeaningfulrolesinoursociety.Goodmannersaregentlesignalsthatshowwecareaboutoneanotherandallowustorelatetoanotherpersoninathoughtfulwaybutatarespectabledistance.1、Whichofthefollowingisseldomamarkofsuccesstopeopletoday?A．Handsomeincome.B．Anacademicdegree.C．HighranksintheofficeD．Politebehavior.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“makesomeallowances”inParagraph4probablymean?A．treattheabsenceofmannersdifferentlyB．rejecttheabsenceofmannersC．opposebadmannerssomehowD．partlypermitbeingintheabsenceofmanners3、Whichofthefollowingisthebenefitbygoodmanners?A．GoodmannersmakespeoplethoughtfulB．GoodmannershelpdeeperconnectionswithothersC．GoodmannersguaranteeacceptanceofourselvesD．Goodmannersinspirepeopletocareaboutoneanother第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）“Clevernessisagiftwhilekindnessisachoice.Giftsareeasy—they'regivenafterall.Choicescanbehard.”IgotthetostartAmazon16yearsago.IthefactthattheInternetusagewasgrowingat2300percentperyear.I’dneverseenorheardofanythingthatgrewsofast.Andtheideaofbuildinganbookstorewithmillionsoftitleswasverytome.Ihadjustturned30,andI’dbeenmarriedforayear.ItoldmywifethatIwantedtomyjobandgotodothiscrazythingthatprobablywouldn’t,andIwasn’tsurewhatto.ShetoldmeIshould38theidea.I’dalwayswantedtobeaninventor,andshewantedmetofollowmy.IwasworkingatafinancialfirminNewYorkCitywithabossthatIadmiredverymuch.IwenttomybossandwithhimthatIwantedtostartacompanysellingbooksontheInternet.HetookmeonalongwalkinCentralParkandlistenedtome,andfinallysaid,“Thatsoundslikeareallygoodidea,itwouldbeanevenbetterideaforsomeonewhodidn’talreadyhaveagoodjob.”Thatlogicmadesometome,andheconvincedmetothinkaboutitfor48hoursmakingafinaldecision.Seeninthatlight,itreallywasadifficult,butfinally,IdecidedIhadtogiveitashot.Ididn’tthinkI’dregretandfailing.AndIsuspectedIwouldalwaysbetroubledbythedecisionnottotryatall.Aftermuch,Itooktheless.pathtofollowmydream,andI’mofthatchoice.Forallofus,intheend,weareourchoices．【小題1】A.ideaB.supportC.fundD.message【小題2】A.gotthroughB.setasideC．cameacrossD．turneddown【小題3】A.onlineB.availableC.intelligentD.expensive【小題4】A.practicalB.excitingC.flexibleD.productive【小題5】A.takeB.1andC.exchangeD．quit【小題6】A.matterB.workC．failD.exist【小題7】A.doB.achieveC.planD.expect【小題8】A.giveupB.setupC.sticktoD.putoff【小題9】A.passionB.paceC.hobbyD.example【小題10】A.cruelB.brilliantC.greedyD.modest【小題11】A.sharedB.arguedC.reasonedD.enquired【小題12】A.graduallyB.eventuallyC.carefullyD.generously【小題13】A.soB.andC.otherwiseD.but【小題14】A.senseB.differenceC.betD.bargain【小題15】A.whileB.beforeC.onceD.since【小題16】A.puzzleB.suggestionC.choiceD.report【小題17】A.managingB.requestingC.changingD.trying【小題18】A.considerationB.determinationC.conversationD.Application【小題19】A.stableB.secureC.amusingD.interesting【小題20】A.confidentB.regretfulC.hopefulD.proud第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）語(yǔ)法填空Hereisamessagethatneedsto_1．(keep)inmindbyeverymomanddad.Youloveyourkidsnotbecauseof2．_theydo,butbecauseofwhotheyare.Infact,raisingachildisjustliketrainingadog.Yourewardyourchildrenbecauseoftheir__3．(succeed)orprogresstheymade.4．(similar),acircustrainergivesadogsomefoodeverytimeit5．(jump)throughahoop(圈).Thedogisn’tlovedforitself,6．foritsactions.Dr.LauraSchlessinger,thepopulartalkshowhost,hasanewbookforchildren7．(title)“WhyDoYouLoveMe?”Partofthestoryincludesamother8．(explain)tohersonthatitisnotwhathedoesthatmakesherlovehim—sheloveshimbecauseheisunique(獨(dú)一無(wú)二的)andheis9．(she)son.Everymom,dadandgrandparentneedstomemorizethewordsof10．popularsong:“Iloveyoumostofallbecauseyouareyou.”第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Atfirst,Iwasnotquitewillingtositdownandwatchedthe90-minutefootballmatch、UsuallyIjustcheckedtheresultsbecauseIthoughtthatwasdulltowatchagameinthatplayerskickedaballtoeachother、Therefore,myfatherlovesfootball、DuringtheWorldCupin2006,mydadstaysuplatejusttowatchhisfavouritesport、Seeinghimstronglyinterestinthisgameof22menrunafteraball,Idecidedtositdowntowatchthegame、Ifoundgameexciting,andmydadexplainedfortherules、Wesharedourjoy、FootballisnottoobadlyaslongasIwatchitwithmydad!第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）29．（25分）假如你是李華，在某英文論壇（theEnglishForum）上看到一個(gè)帖子（post）。美國(guó)中學(xué)生John想來(lái)中國(guó)旅游，希望網(wǎng)友們能夠給他推薦一個(gè)城市。你向他推薦（recommend）了你的家鄉(xiāng)天津，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示寫一封電子郵件。內(nèi)容包括：1.自我介紹；2.推薦理由：①地理位置優(yōu)越（位于海河河畔等）；②歷史文化豐富（如古代建筑等）；③市民友好善良。3.希望對(duì)方能來(lái)參觀，并表示愿意提供幫助。要求：1.詞數(shù)不少于100字；文章的開頭、結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearJohn,I’mverygladtohavereadthepostthatyouputontheEnglishForum.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1、A2、C3、B4、C5、C6、C7、C8、C9、D10、B11、C12、D13、D14、C15、A16、C17、D18、A19、B20、A第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21、1、D2、D3、B4、A22、1、C2、A3、A23、1、A2、B3、D24、1、D2、C3、A25、Imaginethatyou’relookingatyourcompany-issuedsmartphoneandyounoticeane-mailfromLinkedln:“Thesecompaniesarelookingforcandidateslikeyou!”Youaren’tnecessarilysearchingforajob,butyou’realwaysopentoopportunities,sooutofcuriosity,youclickonthelink.Afewminuteslateryourbossappearsatyourdesk.“We’venoticedthatyou’respendingmoretimeonLinkedlnlately,soIwantedtotalkwithyouaboutyourcareerandwhetheryou’rehappyhere,”shesays.Uh-oh.It’sanawkwardscene.Attrition(損耗)hasalwaysbeenexpensiveforcompanies,butinmanyindustriesthecostoflosinggoodworkersisrising,owingtotightlabormarkets.Thuscompaniesaremakinggreatereffortstopredictwhichworkersareathighriskofleavingsothatmanagerscantrytostopthem.Methodsrangefromelectronicmonitortowell-designedanalysesofemployees’socialmedialives.Someofthisworkmaybeareasontoletemployeestoquit.Ingeneral,peopleleavetheirjobsbecausetheydon’tliketheirboss,don’tseeopportunitiesforpromotionorgrowth,orareofferedahigherpay;thesereasonshaveheldsteadyforyears.NewresearchconductedbyCEB,aWashington-basedtechnologycompany,looksnotjustatwhyworkersquitbutalsoatwhen.“We’velearnedthatwhatreallyaffectspeopleistheirsenseofhowthey’redoingcomparedwithotherpeopleintheirpeergroup,orwithwheretheythoughttheywouldbeatacertainpointinlife,saysBrianKropp,whoheadsCEB’sHRpractice.“We’velearnedtofocusonmomentsthatallowpeopletomakethesecomparisons.”Technologyalsoprovidescluesaboutwhichstaremployeesmightbeeyeingtheexit.Companiescantellwhetheremployeesusingworkcomputersorphonesarespendingtimeon(orevenjustopeninge-mailsfrom)careerwebsites,andresearchshowsthatmorefirmsarepayingattentiontothesethings.Largecompanies