Unit1SchoolLifeGrammarUsageAttributiveClause

(定語從句)

第1頁HarryPotterHarryPotterisaboy

withglasses.HarryPotterisa

brave

boy.Attributive定語(tomodifyanoun修飾名詞)AdjectivePrepositionalphrase——————————————HarryPotterisabraveboy.Hewearsglasses.who第2頁SpiderManSpidermanisahero.Spidermansavespeople’slives.Spidermanisahero.Hesavespeople’slives.who+=Attributiveclause定語從句——————————————————第3頁Whoareyou?Whoareyou?Whoareyou?Whoare

you?Oneday,SpidermanmetHarryPotter.HeaskedHarryalotofquestions.第4頁Iamamagician(魔法師).Amagiciancanentertain(取悅)peoplebydoingmagictricks.

+=Iamamagician.Icanentertainpeoplebydoingmagictricks.who第5頁Whatisinyourhand?Whatisinyourhand?Whatisinyourhand?Whatisinyourhand?Oneday,SpidermanmetHarryPotter.HeaskedHarryalotofquestions.第6頁Iamholdingamagicwand.Amagicwandcanhelpmeperformtricks.+=Iamholdingamagicwand.Itcanhelpmeperformtricks.which/that第7頁Wheredoyoulive?Wheredoyoulive?Wheredoyoulive?Wheredoyoulive?Oneday,SpidermanmetHarryPotter.HeaskedHarryalotofquestions.第8頁IliveinHogwartsSchool

(霍格沃茲魔法學校).InHogwartsSchoolIstudymagictricksandlearntobeaskillfulmagician.+=IliveinHogwartsSchool.InitIstudymagictricksandlearntobeaskillfulmagician.where第9頁Whenwereyouborn?Whenwereyouborn?Whenwereyouborn?Oneday,SpidermanmetHarryPotter.HeaskedHarryalotofquestions.Whenwereyouborn?第10頁ItwasJuly31st1980.OnJuly31st1980,Icametothisworldasanewlife.+=ItwasJuly31st1980.OnthisdayIcametothisworldasanewlife.

when第11頁Amagicianisaperson

whoentertainspeoplewithmagictricks.2.Amagicwandisa

rod(棍子)

that/whichcanhelpmagiciansperformtricks.3.HogwartsSchoolisaplace

wherestudentscanstudymagicandlearntobeagoodperson.4.31stJuly1980wastheday

whenHarryPotterwasborn.antecedent

先行詞relativepronoun

關(guān)系代詞relativeadverb關(guān)系副詞antecedent

先行詞第12頁PracticeTips:1.確定主句，找相同成份2.把從句放到主句先行詞之后3.刪掉從句中相同成份，并在從句中加上關(guān)系詞第13頁1.定義：又稱形容詞性從句，在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞，起定語作用。2.先行詞：被定語從句修飾名詞或代詞。3.關(guān)系代詞\關(guān)系副詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句詞。關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞which,that,who,whom,whose等where,why,when在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語和表語在定語從句中作狀語RelativepronounsRelativeadverbsAttributiveclauses第14頁ReadthearticleonP9andunderlinetheattributiveclausesinit.書本練習第15頁Paragraph1：1.Davidwasoneofthemosthelpfulstudentsthatweeverhad.

Theantecedent:

Therelativepronoun:Function:2.In,hewenttoOxfordUniversitywherehebecameinterestedinChineseculture.

Theantecedent:Therelativeadverb:Function:oneof

themosthelpfulstudentsthatastheobjectintheclauseOxfordUniversityastheadverbial(狀語)intheclausewhere第16頁Paragraph2:3.SomeofthecitiesinChinawhichhelikesmostareBeijing,Shanghai,HarbinandNanjing.

4.Mostofthestudentswhomhetaughthavebecomehisfriends.(Theantecedent:someofthecitiestherelativepronoun:which,usedastheobjectintheclause)(Theantecedent:

mostofthestudents

therelativepronoun:

whom,usedastheobjectintheclause)第17頁Paragraph3：

5.SomeofthebooksweregiftsthathegotfromhisChinesefriendsandstudents.(Theantecedent:

gifts

therelative

pronoun:

that,usedastheobjectintheclause)6.ThepaintingsthatDaviddonatedtotheschoolarebeingshownintheexhibitionroom.(Theantecedent:

thepaintings

the

relativepronoun:

that,usedastheobjectintheclause)第18頁People人Things物關(guān)系代詞使用方法

UsageofrelativepronounsWhoWhomWhosethatWhichThatwhose第19頁which指物，在定語從句中做1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.2)Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.

3)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.

4)Thefilm(which)

theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.主語/賓語（可省略）第20頁2.

that指人時，相當于who或whom；指物時，相當于which。在定語從句中作Whereistheman(that/whom)Isawthismorning?2)Theperson(that/whom)youintroducedtomeisverykind.

3)Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.

4)YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.

/主語賓語(能夠省略)第21頁3.who指人，

TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.4.whom指人，

Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）作賓語(作賓語可省略，如介詞提前則不能省)

第22頁5.whose

在定語從句中作定語，與后面名詞為所屬關(guān)系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物時可與ofwhich交換使用。1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.2)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbroken

willsoonberepaired.3)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?

第23頁指代內(nèi)容所做成份是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose關(guān)系代詞使用方法Usageofrelativepronouns人；物物人人(人/物)主語,賓語主語,賓語主語,賓語賓語定語作賓語可省作賓語可省作賓語可省可省不可省第24頁Ilikethebabywho/that/whose…gnaw(咬,啃)

hisfingersgrovel(趴)onthegroundWhichbabydoyoulikebest?第25頁Whichisyour

favorite

monkey?第26頁Completethefollowingarticle(Page11)abouthighschoolsintheUSAusingwho,whom,whichorwhose.書本練習第27頁ThereareseveraldifferencesbetweenhighschoolsintheUSAandhighschoolsinChina.Foronething,students____studyintheUSAareinclassonlyabouttwentyhoursperweek.Therestofthetime_____theyspendatschoolisusedforindependentstudy.Withsomuchfreetime,students____donotmakegooduseoftheirtimemaynotpasstheirexams.Students__________theteachersfailmaywhowhichwhowhom/who第28頁havetotaketheclassesagain.Foranotherthing,manycoursesareclasses_____thestudentscanstudyjustforfun,but_____theydonothavetotake.Finally,studentscanoftenchoosetheirclassesandclasstimes.Somecoursesarerequired,butthestudentscanstilldecidetheteacher____classtheywishtotake.Theycanchoosetotaketheclassofateacher__________theylikeorrespect.whichwhichwhosewhom/who第29頁that和which在指物情況下普通都能夠交換，但在以下情況下，普通用that而不用which。

(1)限制性定語從句中先行詞為all,everything,anything,nothing,none,few,little,some等不定代詞指物時。(something用that或which均可)HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?

Thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld.

第30頁(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,theonly,thevery,thelast,just,right等修飾。I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(3)當先行詞現(xiàn)有些人又有物。Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschool.Lookatthemanandhisdonkeythatarewalkingupthestreet.第31頁(4)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.Thisisthefirsttime(that)IaminBeijing.(5)Therebe句型中用that。There

is

a

book

on

the

desk

that

belongs

to

Tom.第32頁(6)先行詞是who或which引導(dǎo)主句。Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbe

punished?WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?

第33頁TimeforreflectionThinkaboutthefunctionofattributiveclauses.2.Telltheusageofthat,which,who,whom,andwhose.3.Tellthedifferencesbetween“that”and“which”.第34頁第35頁Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____wassomeoneelse’sfault.(全國)A.

who

B.

that

C.

as

D.

whatQuizI:Multiplechoice.1.第36頁

Women____drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose____don’t.

A.who;不填

B.who;不填

C.who;who

D.不填;不填3.4.Hewastheone____Imetattheschoollibrary.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.that第37頁5.Theoldtemple___roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.(陜西)A.where B.which C.its D.whose6.Childrenwhoarenotactiveor___dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.(北京)A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that第38頁7.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool___ImetintheEnglishspeechlastyear.(湖南)

A.who B.whereC.when D.which8.That’sthenewmachine___partsaretoosmalltobeseen.(山東)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what第39頁HomeworkTrytowriteashortpassageaboutastarthatyouarefondof第40頁sample合并兩個簡單句為一個定語從句Tips:1.確定主句，找相同成份2.把從句放在第41頁QuizII:Translation.1.昨天我看那部電影非常令人感動。2.他丟失了他父親給他那塊手表。3.剛才跟你講話那個人是我們校長。ThefilmthatIsawyesterdayisverymoving.Helostthewatchthat/whichhisfathergavehim.Themanwhotalkedwithyoujustnowisourprincipal.第42頁4.我撿到那本書是小王丟失。5.我們最需要東西是時間。6.我最喜歡學科是英語。Thebookwhich/thatIpickedupistheonethatXiaoWanglost.Thethingthatweneedbadlyistime.Thesubjectthat/whichIlikebestisEnglish.第43頁7.站在學校門口那個人是我們老師。8.你知道那個馬尾辮(ponytail)長長女孩嗎？我永遠忘不了那位教授上星期給我們做講座。

Themanwhoisstandingattheschoolgateisourteacher.Doyouknowthegirlwhoseponytailislong?Iwillneverforgetthelecturethatthepr