一輪復習精品資料(高中)PAGE1-課時提能練(二十三)必修4Unit12CultureShock(A)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·合肥市第二次教學質(zhì)量檢測)Peopleoftentalkaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenwesternandeasterncountries，buthowaboutthewesternworlditself?Surprisingly，acloserlookatitcanrevealagoodmanycuriousdetails.ThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmile；theydoit，sometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Asmileisnotjustapowerfulmarketingtoolbutalsoawaytoshowthatsomeoneisfriendly，andthatlifeingeneralisfine.Europeans，onthecontrary，prefertokeepamoreneutral(不帶感情色彩的)facialexpression.Theysmilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood，orfeelamused；ifnot，aEuropean'sfacewillremainneutral，orevendull.InRussia，forexample，thereisaproverbsayingthatlaughingfornoreasonisasignofafool.ItdoesnotmeanthatEuropeansareserious，orthattheydonothaveasenseofhumor.Thesamereferstocommunicationingeneral.Americansareextremelycommunicative；smalltalksandchatsarecommon.Europeanstalkmostlywhenthereissomethingtosay，andrarelyentercommunicationjustforthepurposeoftalkingtootherpeople.Americanpeopleprefertoexpresswhattheythinkcarefully，consideringhowitmightaffectsurroundingpeople.Europeansaremorestraightforward，evenwithunfamiliarpeople.AEuropeanfriendwillalmostalwaysvoicehisopinionondifferentoccasions，andwillnothesitatetoremindyouthatyouneedtolosesomeweightortakeashower.ItcanbesaidthatAmericansarepeopleofcontrasts.Theyareopen-minded，flexible，andreadytoaccepteverythingnewenthusiastically；butatthesametime，Americansocietymanagestobringupunbelievableconservatives.Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect，which，inmostcases，isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice，butitcanalsomessupdailyorevenprivatecommunication，sometimespreventinghavingcloserelationships.Europeans，onthecontrary，aremorestraightforward，preferringtotellthetruthindirectways.Eachwayofcommunicationisdifferent—neitheriscorrectorincorrect.〖語篇解讀〗本文主要介紹了西方國家間的文化差異，包括微笑和交流等方面。1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsmiling?A．Itisculture-relatedwithinwesterncountries.B．Itisapowerfulmarketingtoolacrosscultures.C．ItisthoughtofasasignofafoolinAmerica.D．ItisregardedasasocialnecessityinEurope.A〖推理判斷題。作者在第二段中講到了美國人、歐洲人對微笑的不同解讀，據(jù)此可以推知，在西方國家笑是與文化有關的，故A項正確?！?．WhatistypicalofEuropeans'communication?A．Beatingaroundthebush.B．Havingsmalltalksandchats.C．Hidingtheirfeelingscarefully.D．Expressingthemselvesopenly.D〖細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Europeansaremorestraightforward...takeashower”可知，歐洲人通常坦誠地表達自己，故選D。A項意為“繞圈子，拐彎抹角地講話”。〗3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Beingstraightforward.B．Beingpoliticallycorrect.C．Acceptingeverythingnew.D．Raisingunbelievableconservatives.B〖代詞指代題。畫線詞前的“Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect,which，inmostcases，isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice”與后面的“messupdailyorevenprivatecommunication”存在轉(zhuǎn)折關系，又結(jié)合語境可推知，it指代的應該是美國人的這種政治正確性，故選B?！?．Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byclassifyingbodylanguage.D．Bydiscussingresearchfindings.B〖推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者通過分析美國人和歐洲人對微笑的不同解讀以及通常在交際中的不同表現(xiàn)來展開文章，因此可推知，作者是通過做比較展開文章的，故選B?！紹(2020·江西省五校協(xié)作體模擬)Atonetimeoranotherinyourlifeyouhaveprobablydoneorigami，evenifitwasjustmakingapaperairplaneorsomethingmorecomplicatedlikeapapercrane.Thechancesarethatasyoudidit，youreflectedonhowinventivethistraditionalartis.Animals，boxes，flowersandboatsallcanbecreatedfromasinglesquareorrectangularsheetofpapersimplybyfoldingit.Nocutting，nopasting.Butdidyoueverstoptothinkhowthesametechniquesmightbeappliedtoengineering?Equipmentthatcouldbeofrealpracticaluse?Origamimeetsthedemandforthingsthatneedtobesmallwhentransportedandlargewhentheyarrive，liketheeverydayumbrella.Infact，origami-inspiredcreationshavealreadyflowninspace；in1995，Japaneseengineerslaunchedasatellitewithsolarpanelsthatwerefoldedlikeamap.“It'snowmathematicallyproventhatyoucanprettymuchfoldanything，”saysphysicistRobertJ．Lang，whoquithisengineeringjobeightyearsagotofoldthingsfull-time.Lang，anorigamienthusiastsinceagesix，advisedawell-knowncarmanufactureronthebestwaytofoldanairbagintoadashboard(儀表板)．Heiscurrentlyworkingonaspacetelescopelensthat，ifallgoesaccordingtotheplan，shouldbeabletounfoldtothesizeofafootballfield.Attheotherendofthescale，researchersarealsoworkingontinyfoldingdevicesthatcouldleadtobreakthroughsinmedicineandcomputing.There'snodoubtthatcomputersofthefuturemaycontaintiny，foldedcapacitors(電容器)forfasterprocessingandbettermemory.Applicationsfororigamiengineeringgofurtherthanmanyofusmightimagine.“Someday，”saysMIT'sErikDemaine，“we'llbuildreconfigurable(可重構(gòu)的)robotsthatcanfoldontheirownfromonethingintoanother，likeTransformers.Doesn'titfeellikesciencefictioncomestrue?Maybe—thoughyoucertainlywouldn'twanttobetagainstit.”〖語篇解讀〗本文主要介紹了折紙工藝的應用，從折疊成各種東西到應用于工程學、太空等領域。5．Whatdoweknowaboutorigami?A．Itconsumeslotsoftime.B．Itinvolvesinterestingideas.C．Itrequirescomplextechniques.D．Ithastodowithcuttingandpasting.B〖推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段，尤其是第二句“Thechancesarethatasyoudidit，youreflectedonhowinventivethistraditionalartis”可推知，折紙工藝涉及有趣的想法?！健几蓴_項分析〗由第一段中的“simplybyfoldingit”可知，C項錯誤。6．Whichofthefollowingisanapplicationoforigami?A．Aspacetelescopelenscanbefoldedtothesizeofanumbrella.B．Asatelliteisequippedwithsolarpanelsandafoldedmap.C．Anairbagcanbebetterfoldedintoadashboardofacar.D．Afuturecomputercontainsmanyhugefoldedcapacitors.C〖細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段，尤其是其中的“advisedawell-knowncarmanufactureronthebestwaytofoldanairbagintoadashboard(儀表板)”可知，安全氣囊可以更好地折疊放進汽車儀表板是折紙工藝的一種應用?！?．WhatisErikDemaine'sattitudetowardsorigamiengineering?A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful.C．Disapproving. D．Ambiguous.A〖觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段ErikDemaine所說的話可知，他認為利用折紙工程學，將來我們可以制造可重構(gòu)的機器人，由此可推知，他對折紙工程學抱有希望。〗8．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Entertainment. B．Culture.C．Education. D．Technology.D〖推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了折紙工藝在工程學、太空領域等的應用，由此可推知，本文可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的工藝專欄?！舰?完形填空(2020·太原市第一學期階段性測評)YuanLongping,China's“fatherofhybridrice”，celebratedhis88thbirthdayonFridaybyparticipatinginthefirstInternationalDevelopmentForumofRiceProduction.At8amFriday,withoutthe__1__ofothers,Yuanwalkedonstagebyhimselfand__2__theforum.Anditwas__3__incentralChina'sHunanAftera10-minutebreak,heattendedadiscussionondevelopment__4__ofriceintheworld,withfamousagriculturalexperts__5__manyacademicians(院士).Thoughhewasstillrecoveringfromanillness,hisface__6__whenhespokeofanachievementhehadmadeafewdaysearlier.Yuansetanewworld__7__insuperhybridriceoutputinYunnanFollowingthediscussion,Yuan__8__theexpertstoahybridricetestfieldabout20kmaway.Inthefield,he__9__hisexperiencewiththemaswellas__10__fromtheUnitedNationsWorldFoodProgramme.InadditiontoChina,Yuan'shybridriceisbeingintroducedto__11__grainproblemsinotherpartsoftheworld.Theaverage__12__ofthehybridriceplantedinKenyaisfourtofivetimesgreaterthanthatof__13__varieties.InOctober,21studentsfromadozencountriesstudyinginHunanHybridRiceResearchAt2pm,Yuansteppedontothestageagainand__17__a20-minutekeynotespeechinEnglish.Hesaidhybridriceshouldbe__18__developedtomakecontributionstofood__19__intheworld.Whenaskedwhathisbirthday__20__wasafterthespeech,hesaid，“18tonnesperhectare.”〖語篇解讀〗中國“雜交水稻之父”袁隆平參加了首屆國際水稻生產(chǎn)發(fā)展論壇，以此來慶祝自己88歲的生日；在參會過程中，袁隆平上臺致辭、參加討論、帶領專家們?nèi)タ丛囼炋锊⒂糜⒄Z發(fā)表主題演講。1．A.existence B．a(chǎn)ssistanceC．distance D．instanceB〖根據(jù)下文中的“Yuanwalkedonstagebyhimself”可知，袁隆平在沒有他人幫助(assistance)的情況下，自己走上講臺去發(fā)表演講。A項意為“存在”；D項意為“例子”?！?．A.addressed B．expressedC．depressed D．exercisedA〖參見上題〖解析〗。A項意為“演說，演講”；C項意為“使沮喪，使不景氣”?！?．A.formed B．heldC．built D．foundedB〖根據(jù)語境可知，這次的論壇是在湖南省舉行的。故選B。〗4．A.times B．pricesC．trends D．locationsC〖根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“thefirstInternationalDevelopmentForumofRiceProduction”可推知，此處表示有關世界稻米發(fā)展趨勢的討論。故選C?！?．A.including B．controllingC．concerning D．possessingA〖根據(jù)空前的“experts”與空后的“academicians(院士)”和常識可知，專家中包括許多院士，故選including“包括……在內(nèi)”?！?．A.turnedup B．openedupC．spedup D．litupD〖根據(jù)上文中的“Thoughhewasstillrecoveringfromanillness”及下文中的“spokeofanachievement”可推知，盡管仍在康復中，但當袁隆平談到幾天前取得的成就時，他的臉上露出了喜色。A項意為“到達，露面”；B項意為“開門，營業(yè)”；C項意為“加速”；D項意為“喜形于色”?！?．A.record B．standardC．type D．balanceA〖根據(jù)下文中的“17tonnesperhectare”并結(jié)合語境可知，袁隆平在超級雜交水稻產(chǎn)量方面又一次刷新了世界紀錄，故選A?！?．A.sent B．movedC．led D．helpedC〖根據(jù)下文中的“Inthefield”可知，袁隆平當時應該是帶領專家們到試驗田里去參觀。故選C。〗9．A.taught B．sharedC．gave D．showedB〖根據(jù)語境可推知，袁隆平應是在試驗田里，向?qū)＜覀兒吐?lián)合國世界糧食計劃署的要員(officials)分享(shared)自己的經(jīng)驗。故選B?！?0．A.employers B．businessmenC．investors D．officialsD〖參見上題〖解析〗。investor“投資者”；official“要員，官員”?！?1．A.reflect B．relieveC．recreate D．replaceB〖此處表示袁隆平的雜交水稻被引入世界其他地方，以緩解(relieve)這些地方的糧食問題。故選B。recreate“再現(xiàn)”?！?2．A.quality B．quantityC．yield D．costC〖根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示在肯尼亞種植的雜交水稻的平均產(chǎn)量(yield)比傳統(tǒng)的(conventional)水稻品種的產(chǎn)量高四到五倍。故選C?！?3．A.complex B．conventionalC．contemporary D．simpleB〖參見上題〖解析〗。C項意為“當代的”?！?4．A.certificate B．gradeC．proof D．markA〖根據(jù)句中的“studying”“graduation”和語境可知，此處表示袁隆平為來自十幾個國家在湖南雜交水稻研究中心學習的21名學生頒發(fā)了畢業(yè)證書。故選A。〗15．A.hired B．discoveredC．tested D．trainedD〖根據(jù)本段第一句可推知，在過去的幾十年里，中國的研究機構(gòu)和種子公司培養(yǎng)了來自亞洲、非洲和拉丁美洲的發(fā)展中國家的成千上萬的學生。故選D?！?6．A.knowledge B．experienceC．guidance D．examinationC〖根據(jù)上文及本空前的“sentexperts”可知，中國還派專家到那些國家提供現(xiàn)場指導。故選C?！?7．A.received B．deliveredC．designed D．finishedB〖根據(jù)該空前的“steppedontothestageagain”和空后的“speech”可知，袁隆平再次上臺，發(fā)表了20分鐘的主題演講。故選B?！?8．A.slowly B．normallyC．farther D．furtherD〖根據(jù)常識可知，水稻產(chǎn)量和糧食安全問題有關；再根據(jù)該空后的“makecontributionsto”可推知，袁隆平說，雜交水稻應該進一步發(fā)展，為世界糧食安全(safety)做出貢獻。故選D。〗19．A.import B．varietyC．value D．safetyD〖參見上題〖解析〗。A項意為“進口”；B項意為“多樣化”。〗20．A.wish B．giftC．party D．treatA〖根據(jù)第二段最后的“17tonnesperhectare”以及該空后的“18tonnesperhectare”可推知，當被問到生日愿望(wish)時，袁隆平的回答是“每公頃18公噸”。故選A?！秸n時提能練(二十四)必修4Unit12CultureShock(B)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·貴陽市四校聯(lián)合考試四)Areyouinterestedintravelling?HerearefourfamousnationalparkstravellersmostlylikeinAmerica.GreatSmokyMountainsThename“GreatSmokyMountains”comesfromthefogoverthismountainrangesituatedalongtheTennessee-NorthCarolinaborder.Establishedin1934，itisnotjusthometoanecosystemofdiverseplantsandanimals，butalsohometorichAppalachianculture.Visitorstherecanseewaterfalls，goboatingonFontanaLakeandhiketheAppalachianTrail.It'salsoanexcellentvantagepoint(有利地點)toseetheleaveschangeinthefall.GrandCanyonTheGrandCanyonistheresultofyearsofgeologicaleventscreatingtheColoradoPlateauandvalleys，whiletheColoradoRivercarveditswaythroughthevalleys.Itistrulyanaturalwonder!WhenPresidentRooseveltvisiteditin1903，hesaid，“TheGrandCanyonfillsmewithawe.Itisbeyondcomparison，beyonddescription！”20yearslater，itwasofficiallyviewedasanationalpark.YosemiteInadditiontobeinganationalpark，Yosemitewith10,000-yearhistoryisdesignatedasaWorldHeritageSite.YosemiteNationalParkisinthewesternSierraNevadaofCentralCalifornia.Thoughitcoversanareaof747,956acres，visitorsspendmostoftheirtimeontheareaoftheYosemiteValleywheretherearesomemostfamoussiteslikeYosemiteFallsandCook'sMeadowLoop.ZionZionNationalParkissituatedinsouthwesternUtah.Ithassomeofthemostuniquelandscapespackedwithmountains，valleys，riversanddeserts.ZionNationalPark〖語篇解讀〗本文主要介紹了美國四個著名的國家公園——大煙霧山國家公園、大峽谷國家公園、約塞米蒂國家公園和宰恩國家公園。1．WherewillyougoifyouwanttolearnAppalachianculture?A．GrandCanyonB．YosemiteC．GreatSmokyMountainsD．ZionC〖細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark部分中的“butalsohometorichAppalachianculture”可知，想要了解Appalachian文化可以到GreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark，故選C項?！?．WhendidGrandCanyonNationalParkbecomeanationalpark?A．In1887. B．In1923.C．In1903. D．In1934.B〖細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GrandCanyonNationalPark部分中的“WhenPresidentRooseveltvisiteditin1903”和“20yearslater，itwasofficiallyviewedasanationalpark”可知，1903年的“20年后”就是1923年，故這個公園成為一個國家公園的時間是1923年，故選B項。〗3．WhatdotheyhaveincommonbetweenYosemiteNationalParkandZionNationalPark?A．Theyarelocatedinthesamestate.B．Theywerebothformedasaresultofyearsofgeologicalevents.C．Theybothhavethemostcharmingscenery.D．Peoplecanlearnaboutancienttimesthere.D〖推理判斷題。根據(jù)YosemiteNationalPark中的“with10,000-yearhistory”和ZionNationalPark中的“about8,000yearsago”可知，這兩個公園的共性就是歷史悠久，故可推知，人們可以在這兩個公園了解古代的相關情況，故選D項?！紹(2020·湖北八校第一次聯(lián)考)Ialwayswantedtobeextraordinarilygoodatsomething.Iwantedtobethebestintheclass—awe-inspiringandtip-top；aworld-famousgenius，likeMichaelPhelps.Unfortunately，myversionofrealitydidnotquitelineupwiththisdelusionalvision.Iwasagoodswimmer，butIpeakedatthecollegiateStateChampionshipslevel.Myacademicrecordwasprettysolid，butIneverwouldhavemadeitintooneofthoseIvyLeagueschools.ThoughIrosetoabove-averagestatusinacoupleofareas，thedisappointingtruthwasthatIwouldneveramounttoanythingbetterthanamid-sizedfishinasmallpond.Thedestinyapparentlyhadotherplans.Whatdrovemecrazy，though，wasthesuperstartalentthrowninmyfaceateveryturn.Somefolksjustseemedtogetanunfairdose(一劑)ofthetalent.Whycouldn'tIbelikeBernieWilliams，thefamedNewYorkYankeesplayerwhoalsohappenedtobeaworld-classguitarvirtuoso(藝術大師)?Somesaygreatnessissimplyafunctionofputtinginthepracticetime.Itisaroundtenthousandhours，tobeprecise，accordingtoauthorMalcolmGladwell.Idon'tquestionthetheoryofdevotingextraordinaryeffortstodevelopingone'sexpertise，butitseemsthatthetalentisequallyimportant.I'veheardthataspeopleapproachmiddleage，theirlifesatisfactionincreasesbecausetheybegintoacceptthegapbetweentheexpectationsofthemselvesandthereality.Afterafewdecadesoffrustrationwithoutthedesiredresults，weeventuallycometotermswithourlifeasitcomesout，evenifitfallsfarshortofouridealizedyouthfulexpectations.Hopebends，itseems.〖語篇解讀〗作者一直想成為最優(yōu)秀的人，但是現(xiàn)實跟不上作者的期望；作者后來明白天賦和努力同樣重要，人們最終會接受期望與現(xiàn)實的差距。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“delusional”inPara.2mostprobablymean?A．Imaginary. B．Realistic.C．Disappointing. D．Material.A〖詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句中的“didnotquitelineupwith”和上一段的內(nèi)容(作者對自己的期望)可知，此處表示現(xiàn)實與作者對自己的期望并不完全一致。A項意為“幻想的”，與畫線詞詞義相近，故選A項?！?．Inthepassage，thewriterthinksofhimselfas________.A．a(chǎn)world-famousgeniusB．a(chǎn)mid-sizedfishinasmallpondC．a(chǎn)world-classvirtuosoD．a(chǎn)studentinanIvyLeagueschoolB〖細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“Iwouldneveramounttoanythingbetterthanamid-sizedfishinasmallpond”可知，作者把自己視為池塘中的一條中等大小的魚。故選B項。〗6．Accordingtothewriter，whatmakes“greatness”？A．Extraordinaryefforts.B．Tenthousandhoursofpractice.C．Talentandexpertise.D．Talentandpractice.D〖細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句和最后一句可知，作者認為“偉大”來自大量的練習和天賦，故選D項?！?．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitle?A．HopeBendsB．FrustratingDecadesC．PracticeWorksD．YouthfulExpectationsA〖標題判斷題。根據(jù)尾段“Hopebends，itseems”并結(jié)合文章其他內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了期望與現(xiàn)實的差距——隨著我們步入中年，我們最終會接受自我理想化的期望與現(xiàn)實的差距，故A項最適合作文章標題。bend意為“彎曲”?！舰?閱讀七選五(2020·“四省八?！钡诙谓虒W質(zhì)量檢測)Usefultipsforbudget-conscioustravellersTravellingcanbeanexperienceofalifetime.Beinginthecenterofanothercultureisbothexcitingandeye-opening.__1__.Still，herearefourusefultipsforthebudget-conscioustraveller.Don'tTravelDuringthePeakSeason__2__.InManhattan，NewYork，it'sduringthewinterholidays.InCebu，Philippines，it'sthesummermonths.Travellingduringthesepeaktimescertainlymeanshigherpricesandlargecrowds.Agreatwaytoavoidalloftheseistosimplygowhenit'snothighseason.__3___Withinmostregionstherearelocalairlinesthatprovideinexpensivesolutionstogettingaround.Thisisespeciallyhandywhenyouhavemultipledestinationsinmindforyourtrip.AllyouhavetodoislookupMangoflightbookingsandyou'reonyourway.Onceyou'reinaregion，gettingaroundgetsmuchsimplerandawholelotcheaper.ChooseEconomicalAccommodationsHotelchainsandexpensiveoptionsmaybenice，butthey'retheoppositeofabudget-friendlyexperience.__4___.Ifyou'reanappexpert，youcanalsocheckoutroomrentalappslikeAirbnb.Theyhaveanextensivenetworkofapartmentsandunitsinwonderfulneighborhoodsforthosewhopreferamorelocalfeel.Don'tSpendAllYourMoneyonFoodOneofthebestthingsabouttravelistoenjoyallthewonderfulfood.Tastingtheauthenticversionsofyourfavoritedishesisanabsolutedelight.Butbecareful.Havingafewgoodmealsoutistobeexpected，buthavingeverymealatanexpensiverestaurantisaveryquickwaytodrainyourmoney.__5__.A．UseFlightBookingsB．UseRegionalAirlinesC．EveryregionhasapeakseasonD．ItalsoallowsustorelaxourbusyheadsE．Instead，tryandfindhostel(招待所)optionsF．ButtravellingcanseemtooexpensiveG．Sofeelfreetotrythelocalsnacks〖語篇解讀〗本文主要介紹了四條對于精打細算的游客有用的建議，包括避開旅游高峰期，使用當?shù)氐暮娇展荆x擇實惠的住宿以及不要將所有的錢花費在食物上。1．F〖根據(jù)空后一句“Still，herearefourusefultipsforthebudget-conscioustraveller”，并結(jié)合下文介紹的四個節(jié)省旅游費用的建議可知，F(xiàn)項“但是旅行似乎太昂貴了”承上啟下?！?．C〖根據(jù)該段標題Don'tTravelDuringthePeakSeason可知，該段主要介紹了“不在旅游旺季旅游”的建議，結(jié)合空處下文中的“InManhattan，NewYork，it'sduringthewinterholidays.InCebu，Philippines，it'sthesummermonths”可知，空處應是表述每個地方都有旅游旺季，故C項與此處匹配?！?．B〖根據(jù)空處所在的位置可知，空處是該段的小標題；根據(jù)該段第一句“Withinmostregionstherearelocalairlinesthatprovideinexpensivesolutionstogettingaround”可知，在大多數(shù)地區(qū)都有提供廉價的出行解決方法的當?shù)睾娇展?。并結(jié)合該段其他內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹的是使用地方航空公司，故B項正確。〗4．E〖根據(jù)該段小標題ChooseEconomicalAccommodations，并結(jié)合空前一句可知，連鎖酒店和昂貴的選擇雖然很好，但是價格昂貴；又結(jié)合空后的內(nèi)容可推知，空處應是提供其他的住宿選擇，故E項與此處匹配?！?．G〖根據(jù)該段小標題Don'tSpendAllYourMoneyonFood可知，該段主要介紹“不要將所有的錢浪費在食物上”這一建議；結(jié)合空前一句可知，每一頓飯都在昂貴的飯店吃會很快花光你的錢，故空處應是給出其他的吃飯選擇，故G項與文意相符?！舰?語法填空(2020·貴陽市四校聯(lián)考)Oneoftheworld'smostprestigious(聲譽高的)1.________(honor)inthefieldofliteraturehasbeenwonbythePolishauthorOlgaTokarczukfor“anarrativeimaginationthat,withencyclopedicpassion,representsthecrossingofboundariesasaformoflife”．AndTokarczukalso2.________(win)lastyear'sManBookerInternationalPrize.Theprize,which3.________(award)almosteveryyearsince1901,netsthewinningauthormuchmoney,amedalandcertificate,andtheobligationtodeliveralectureinSwedenatsomefuturedate.ThekingofSwedenwill4.________(official)presenttheawardatalavishbanquetinStockholmonDecember10，5.________anniversaryofthedeathoftheindustrialistandscientistAlfredNobel.Hefunded(資助)the6.________(establish)oftheawardsin1895.Thewinnerwasselected,asusual,bytheSwedishAcademy,7.________alsopickedasecondlaureate(獲獎者)thisyear8.________(make)upforthefactthatnoprizewaspresentedin2018partlybecauseoftheresignationofacademymemberKatarinaFrostensonoverclaimsthatshehadleakedthenamesofpastwinners.The9.________(two)NobelPrizeinLiteraturewasgiventotheAustrianauthorPeterHandke10.________(pick)outfor“aninfluentialworkthat，withlinguisticingenuity，hasexploredtheperipheryandthespecificityofhumanexperience”．〖語篇解讀〗文章介紹了獲得2018和2019年諾貝爾文學獎的作家及其獲獎原因，并介紹了有關諾貝爾文學獎的其他方面的情況。1．honors〖考查名詞的單復數(shù)。根據(jù)空前的“Oneof”可知，此處的honor要用復數(shù)形式。〗2．won〖考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“l(fā)astyear'sManBookerInternationalPrize”可知，這里表示的是去年的獲獎情況，故要用一般過去時?！?．isawarded〖考查動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境和主句中的謂語動詞“nets”可知，此處敘述的為客觀情況，應用一般現(xiàn)在時；此外，獎勵是被授予獲獎者的。故此處應填isawarded?！?．officially〖考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動詞“present”要用副詞，故填officially。〗5．the〖考查冠詞。此處的“anniversary”(周年紀念日)特指AlfredNobel去世的周年忌日，故要用定冠詞the?！?．establishment〖考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。此處表示他在1895年資助了獎項的建立，空處作funded的賓語，應用名詞establishment。〗7．which〖考查定語從句?？仗幰龑Х窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句，在從句中作主語，先行詞為“theSwedishAcademy”，故填which?！?．tomake〖考查非謂語動詞。此處作目的狀語，表示選出第二個獲獎者的目的。故用動詞不定式?！?．second〖考查數(shù)詞。根據(jù)上文的“pickedasecondlaureate(獲獎者)thisyear”和空前的“The”以及語境可知，此處表示第二個諾貝爾文學獎。故填second?！?0．picked〖考查非謂語動詞。此處作定語修飾PeterHandke，且pick與其邏輯主語PeterHandke為動賓關系，故用其過去分詞形式picked?！舰?短文改錯(2020·西安五校聯(lián)考)I'vebeenplayingvolleyballbeforethreeyearsago.Itstartedwhenteachersetupavolleyballclubinourschool，hopethatmorestudentswouldtakepartinthesportandkeepfit.Theclubwassuchpopularthatmanystudentssignedupforit.Tobehonesty，atthattimeIjustfollowedthemwithoutthinkingtoomuch.WepracticedtogetheroneverySaturdaymorning.However，someofthestudentssoonbegintogetboredanddroppedoutoftheclub.SoIfoundIwasquiteenjoyingitandwecarriedon.Aftertrainingforsometime，Iwasselectedfortheschoolteam.HowexcitingandproudIwas.〖〖答案〗〗I'vebeenplayingvolleyballeq\f(before,since)threeyearsago.Itstartedwheneq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))teachersetupavolleyballclubinourschool，eq\f(hope,hoping)thatmorestudentswouldtakepartinthesportandkeepfit.Theclubwaseq\f(such,so)popularthatmanystudentssignedupforit.Tobeeq\f(honesty,honest)，atthattimeIjustfollowedthemwithoutthinkingtoomuch.Wepracticedtogethereq\o(on,＼)everySaturdaymorning.However，someofthestudentssooneq\f(begin,began)togetboredanddroppedoutoftheclub.eq\f(So,But)IfoundIwasquiteenjoyingitandeq\f(we,I)carriedon.Aftertrainingforsometime，Iwasselectedfortheschoolteam.Howeq\f(exciting,excited)andproudIwas.Ⅴ.書面表達(2020·濟南模擬)假定你是李華。你校外籍教師Peter計劃在暑假期間回國，他想送給母親可以代表中國文化的禮物。請你給他寫一封郵件，向他推薦禮物。內(nèi)容包括：1．推薦禮物：旗袍、中國結(jié)等；2．推薦原因；3．表達祝福。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：旗袍Qipao；中國結(jié)ChineseknotDearPeter，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua〖參考范文〗Dear_Peter，I'mgladtohearthatyouwanttobuysomegiftsforyourmotherthatrepresentChineseculture.AndI'mwritingtogiveyousomeadvice.PersonallyIthinkyoushouldbuythefollowinggifts:QipaoandChineseknot.Qipao,averybeautifultraditionaldressforChinesewomancanshowtherealbeautyofawoman.I'msureyourmotherwilllikeitverymuch.What'smore,it'salsoagoodchoiceforyoutobuytheChineseknot.It'susuallyhunginthesittingroomorcars,whichrepresentsgoodluck.Wishyouagoodvacation.Pleasegivemybestwishestoyourfamily.Yours，Li_Hua課時提能練(二十三)必修4Unit12CultureShock(A)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·合肥市第二次教學質(zhì)量檢測)Peopleoftentalkaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenwesternandeasterncountries，buthowaboutthewesternworlditself?Surprisingly，acloserlookatitcanrevealagoodmanycuriousdetails.ThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmile；theydoit，sometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Asmileisnotjustapowerfulmarketingtoolbutalsoawaytoshowthatsomeoneisfriendly，andthatlifeingeneralisfine.Europeans，onthecontrary，prefertokeepamoreneutral(不帶感情色彩的)facialexpression.Theysmilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood，orfeelamused；ifnot，aEuropean'sfacewillremainneutral，orevendull.InRussia，forexample，thereisaproverbsayingthatlaughingfornoreasonisasignofafool.ItdoesnotmeanthatEuropeansareserious，orthattheydonothaveasenseofhumor.Thesamereferstocommunicationingeneral.Americansareextremelycommunicative；smalltalksandchatsarecommon.Europeanstalkmostlywhenthereissomethingtosay，andrarelyentercommunicationjustforthepurposeoftalkingtootherpeople.Americanpeopleprefertoexpresswhattheythinkcarefully，consideringhowitmightaffectsurroundingpeople.Europeansaremorestraightforward，evenwithunfamiliarpeople.AEuropeanfriendwillalmostalwaysvoicehisopinionondifferentoccasions，andwillnothesitatetoremindyouthatyouneedtolosesomeweightortakeashower.ItcanbesaidthatAmericansarepeopleofcontrasts.Theyareopen-minded，flexible，andreadytoaccepteverythingnewenthusiastically；butatthesametime，Americansocietymanagestobringupunbelievableconservatives.Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect，which，inmostcases，isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice，butitcanalsomessupdailyorevenprivatecommunication，sometimespreventinghavingcloserelationships.Europeans，onthecontrary，aremorestraightforward，preferringtotellthetruthindirectways.Eachwayofcommunicationisdifferent—neitheriscorrectorincorrect.〖語篇解讀〗本文主要介紹了西方國家間的文化差異，包括微笑和交流等方面。1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsmiling?A．Itisculture-relatedwithinwesterncountries.B．Itisapowerfulmarketingtoolacrosscultures.C．ItisthoughtofasasignofafoolinAmerica.D．ItisregardedasasocialnecessityinEurope.A〖推理判斷題。作者在第二段中講到了美國人、歐洲人對微笑的不同解讀，據(jù)此可以推知，在西方國家笑是與文化有關的，故A項正確。〗2．WhatistypicalofEuropeans'communication?A．Beatingaroundthebush.B．Havingsmalltalksandchats.C．Hidingtheirfeelingscarefully.D．Expressingthemselvesopenly.D〖細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Europeansaremorestraightforward...takeashower”可知，歐洲人通常坦誠地表達自己，故選D。A項意為“繞圈子，拐彎抹角地講話”。〗3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Beingstraightforward.B．Beingpoliticallycorrect.C．Acceptingeverythingnew.D．Raisingunbelievableconservatives.B〖代詞指代題。畫線詞前的“Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect,which，inmostcases，isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice”與后面的“messupdailyorevenprivatecommunication”存在轉(zhuǎn)折關系，又結(jié)合語境可推知，it指代的應該是美國人的這種政治正確性，故選B?！?．Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byclassifyingbodylanguage.D．Bydiscussingresearchfindings.B〖推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者通過分析美國人和歐洲人對微笑的不同解讀以及通常在交際中的不同表現(xiàn)來展開文章，因此可推知，作者是通過做比較展開文章的，故選B?！紹(2020·江西省五校協(xié)作體模擬)Atonetimeoranotherinyourlifeyouhaveprobablydoneorigami，evenifitwasjustmakingapaperairplaneorsomethingmorecomplicatedlikeapapercrane.Thechancesarethatasyoudidit，youreflectedonhowinventivethistraditionalartis.Animals，boxes，flowersandboatsallcanbecreatedfromasinglesquareorrectangularsheetofpapersimplybyfoldingit.Nocutting，nopasting.Butdidyoueverstoptothinkhowthesametechniquesmightbeappliedtoengineering?Equipmentthatcouldbeofrealpracticaluse?Or