湖南省益陽市桃江縣20192020學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）（時(shí)量：120分鐘，滿分：150分）考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.請將答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽力理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whenwillthespeakersgotothemovies?A.Atsixo’clock.B.Ateighto’clock.C.Atteno’clock.2.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Apany.B.Apromotion.C.Ajob.3.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthiscurrentbook?A.It’sexciting.B.It’srelaxing.C.It’sboring.4.Whatdidthewomandoonholiday?A.Sherentedacar.B.Shewentskiing.C.Shewentswimming.5.Wherewillthespeakerseatdinner?A.Attheirhouse.B.AtacaféonGreenStreet.C.AtaJapaneserestaurant.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6.Whoarethespeakers?A.Teachers.B.Students.C.Workers.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydointheend?A.Rentanapartment.B.Buyanairconditioner.C.Moveintoanotherdormitory.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8.Whatdoesthegirlwanttodo?A.Borrowacar.B.Getaconcertticket.C.Pickuphermother.9.Whowantstogotoaconcertwiththegirl?A.Eric.B.SmellyToes.C.Hermother.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow?A.Whatlessonstotake.B.Howtotreatherfriend.C.Whattodoontheweekend.11.Whocanplaythepiano?A.Sam.B.Judy.C.Mike.12.HowmanypeoplewillmeetJudy?A.5.B.8.C.10.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13.Whydoesthewomanneedsomespecialthings?A.Tocelebrateherweddinganniversary.B.Tomakeherprettyatthewedding.C.Tohaveahappymarriage.14.Whathasthewomangotfromhergrandmother?A.Adiamondring.B.Aweddingdress.C.Blueflowers.15.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Somethingborrowed.B.Somethingnew.C.Somethingold.16.Wheredoesthemanusuallyputthecoin?A.Inhispurse.B.Inhisshoe.C.Inhispocket.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17.Howlonghasthespeakerbeenahistoryteacher?ANearly3years.B.Almost13years.C.About30years.18.Whatisthemainpointofthelecture?A.Theimportanceofhistoryeducation.B.Anewmethodofhistoryeducation.C.Thepurposeoflearninghistory.19.Whatdoteachersusuallybeginwithintermsofthehistoryofbusiness?A.Theproblemofpresenteconomy.B.ThehistoryoftheIndustrialRevolution.C.Thegovernmentactioninthepast.20.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthetraditionalapproach?A.Itmakesstudentsmemorizefactsmechanically.B.Itisthemosteffectivewayoflearninghistory.C.Ithelpsstudentsunderstandtheimportanceofhistory.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ARunningisthebestwaytogetfit.There’snobestmethodtogetfit.Youhavetoenjoyyourexerciseoryouwillfindreasonstoquit.Nobodycangetfitorloseweightorbuildamuscleinaninstant.Fitnessrequirestimeandpatience,andyougetrewardsasyougoalong.Ifyouarelookingonlyatrunningoratinstantsuccess,youarelookingfortrouble!Ifyoudon’texerciseanhouraday,sixdaysaweek,youdonothing.Don’tbelieveinthisallornothingway.Evenifyouexerciseaslittleasthreetimesaweekforhalfanhouryouwillbenefitfromit.However,ifyouwanttogetfitforsport,youmayhavetoworkoutfivetosixdaysaweek.Warmingupbeforeworkingoutisn’tnecessaryifyou’recareful.Warmingupisamustbeforeyouexercise.Warmingupandstretchingnotonlyhelpyouavoidinjuriesbutalsoprepareyourheartandbodytoaccepttheshockofanincreasedworkload.Nopain,nogain.Painmeansthatthebodyisshowingthatthereissomethingwrong.Ifyoufeelpainfulwhenexercising,eitherslowdownorstoptheexercise.Togainfromexercise,youmayhavetomakedowithabitofdisfort,butpainisdifferent.Ifyoucontinueexercisingwithpainyoumaydamageamuscleortendonforever.Taping(用繃帶包扎)aninjurypreventsfurtherdamage.Ifyouareinjuredandyoutapeitforsupport,chancesarethatyouwillaggravatetheinjuryfurther.What’smore,youmayinjureotherjointsbecauseofthelimitedflexibility(靈活性)thatthetapedkneeorankleallows.1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthetextmaysuggest_____________.A.gettingfitquicklymaycausetroubleforyouB.youwillbeintroubleifrunningC.youcan’texpecttogetfitatonceD.runningcanmakeyougetfitimmediately2.Accordingtothetext,youshould_________totakeexercise.A.takesportsfivetosixdaysaweekB.dothewarmupfirstC.sufferalotofpainD.tapeaninjurytopreventfurtherdamage3.Youshouldstopexercisingafter__________.A.youfeelpainfulsomewhereinyourbodyB.youfeelabitunfortablephysicallyC.youfeelwarmwhentakingexerciseD.youexerciseanhouraday【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了跑步是最好的健身方式，同時(shí)提及了在跑步運(yùn)動(dòng)中幾個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的做法并給與了正確的解釋?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。分析可知，劃線句“Ifyouarelookingonlyatrunningoratinstantsuccess,youarelookingfortrouble!”為段末位置，因此應(yīng)是對(duì)于前文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，結(jié)合前文內(nèi)容“Nobodycangetfitorloseweightorbuildamuscleinaninstant.Fitnessrequirestimeandpatience,andyougetrewardsasyougoalong.”可知，沒有人能在一瞬間變得健康、減肥或強(qiáng)健肌肉。健身需要時(shí)間和耐心，隨著你的努力，你會(huì)得到回報(bào)。因此可推知，劃線句應(yīng)是總結(jié)對(duì)于健身來說，跑步是不能立即見效的。選項(xiàng)C“youcan’texpecttogetfitatonce”意為“你別指望馬上就能讓身體變健康”符合對(duì)于劃線句的分析，可解釋其要表明的含義。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Warmingupisamustbeforeyouexercise.”可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)前熱身是必須的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“Ifyoufeelpainfulwhenexercising,eitherslowdownorstoptheexercise.”可知，如果你在運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)感到疼痛，放慢或停止運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題考查內(nèi)容主要涉及時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因、結(jié)果、數(shù)字等議論文中例證細(xì)節(jié)和定義類細(xì)節(jié)。這類題目的共同特點(diǎn)是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。當(dāng)然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根據(jù)文章提供的信息自己組織語句回答問題。一般而言，解答事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題可用尋讀法迅速確定答案。比如文章的第3小題：3.Youshouldstopexercisingafter__________.A.youfeelpainfulsomewhereinyourbodyB.youfeelabitunfortablephysicallyC.youfeelwarmwhentakingexerciseD.youexerciseanhouraday題干關(guān)鍵詞為“stopexercising”，利用尋讀法定位文章內(nèi)容“Ifyoufeelpainfulwhenexercising,eitherslowdownorstoptheexercise.”可知，原句已經(jīng)揭示該題答案：feelpainful。因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。BIwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(貼標(biāo)簽)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredofeachother.Warbrokeoutoneevening.Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!”Deafened,Isawmyshoesflyingatme.Ijumpedtomyfeetandstartedyelling.Sheyelledbacklouder.Theroomwasfilledwithanger.Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.Kateansweredit.Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshehungup,shequicklycrawledunderhercovers,sobbing.Obviously,thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgothroughphone.Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.Slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybed,cleanedthesocksandsweptthefloor,evenonherside.IgotsointomyworkthatIevendidn’tnoticeKatehadsatup.Shewaswatching,hertearsdriedandherexpressiononeofdisbelief.Then,shereachedoutherhandstograspmine.Ilookedupintohereyes.Shesmiledatme,“Thanks.”KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn’talwaysagree,butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether:givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.4.HowisParagraph1mainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauses.B.Bydescribingaprocess.C.Byshowingdifferences.D.Byfollowingtimeorder.5.WhatmadeKateangryoneevening?A.Shecouldn’tfindherbooks.B.Sheheardtheauthorshoutingloud.C.Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.D.Shesawtheauthor’sshoesbeneathherbed.6.Theauthortidieduptheroommostprobablybecause_______.A.shewantedtoshowhercareB.shewasaskedbyKatetodosoC.shewasscaredbyKate’sangerD.shehatedherselfforbeingsomessy7.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthestory?A.MyFriendKateB.HardWorkPaysOffC.HowtoBeOrganizedD.LearningtoBeRoommates【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者與室友之間的相處。作者與室友生活習(xí)慣迥異，沖突在所難免。在室友遭遇悲痛之時(shí)，作者以實(shí)際行動(dòng)表達(dá)自己的同情，從而達(dá)成和好。這使作者從中懂得了與室友相處的關(guān)鍵：讓步、清理、堅(jiān)持?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通過閱讀分析文章第一段內(nèi)容“Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeledeverything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredofeachother.(我從來不講究整潔，而我的室友凱特卻非常有條理。她的每一件東西都有自己的位置，但我的總是藏在某個(gè)地方。她甚至給每樣?xùn)|西都貼上了標(biāo)簽。我一直在尋找一切。隨著時(shí)間的推移，凱特變得越來越整潔，而我變得越來越混亂。她會(huì)把我臟衣服推倒，我則會(huì)把我的書放在她整潔的桌子上。我們都厭倦了對(duì)方。)”可知，作者在第一段描述了與室友Kate在日常生活習(xí)慣上的種種差異，在論述過程中使用了“while”，“but”，“and”等連詞表達(dá)對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此可推知，作者在第一段使用了“比較不同”的方法而展開論述的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容：Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!”(Kate走進(jìn)房間。很快，我聽到她在尖叫：“把你的鞋子拿走!為什么在我床底下!”)可知，作者的鞋子在Kate的床底下使Kate很生氣。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段末尾句內(nèi)容“Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.”可知，在看到Kate接后的狀態(tài)后，一種溫暖的同情在作者的心中升起，于是她收拾起東西，由此推斷她將東西收拾整齊應(yīng)是為了表達(dá)對(duì)Kate的關(guān)愛之情。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀文章可知，文章為分總結(jié)構(gòu)，末尾段落點(diǎn)明主旨要義：KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn’talwaysagree,butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether:givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.(這一年剩下的時(shí)間里，Kate和我一直是室友。我們并不總是意見一致，但我們學(xué)會(huì)了共同生活的關(guān)鍵：讓步、清理、堅(jiān)持。)，因此可知，文章主要圍繞如何與室友相處而展開的。選項(xiàng)D“LearningtoBeRoommates”揭示了文章主旨要義。故選D項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題在閱讀理解題中，有相當(dāng)一部分屬于事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)題。這種題目比較簡單，只要通讀全文，使用“尋讀法”，了解文中所敘述的重要事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)，就可以解答出來，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案。比如文章的第2小題：2.WhatmadeKateangryoneevening?A.Shecouldn’tfindherbooks.B.Sheheardtheauthorshoutingloud.C.Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.D.Shesawtheauthor’sshoesbeneathherbed.確定關(guān)鍵詞為“angry”，利用尋讀法定位到文章第二段內(nèi)容：Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!”原句中并未出現(xiàn)angry，但“screaming”以及直接引語中使用的感嘆號(hào)已然告知了“angry”的程度。通過原文可知，Kate生氣是由于作者將鞋放在了她的床底下。選項(xiàng)D“Shesawtheauthor'sshoesbeneathherbed.”與原文信息表達(dá)一致。故選D項(xiàng)為答案。CDoyoustillrememberyourfavoritepoemduringhighschoolorsomeotherimportantperiodsinyourlife?Whyisitthatdecadeslateritstillstandsoutinyourmind?Probablythemainreasonisthatsomeaspectofthatpoemresonates(產(chǎn)生共鳴)withyou.Inthesameway,youtooasaschoolleadercantouchtheheartsofyourteachersandstudents.Poetryallowsustoexperiencestrongspiritualconnectionstothingsaroundusandtothepast.Thepowerthatpoetryhasdisplayedovertimeandacrossculturesactuallysatisfiesthismonneedofthehumanheartandsoul.Asoneoftheoldestartforms,poetryhassuccessfullyconnectedvariouspartsofhumanity(人性)fromonegenerationtoanother.Referringtopoetry,Hillyermakesasimpleyetmeaningfulstatement,“Withthiskeymankindunlockedhisheart.”Schoolleaderscanfindandmakeuseofthevalueofpoetryforthemselves,theirstudentsandtheirteachers.Beyondthesimpleuseofpoetry,techniquesofpoetrysuchasrepetitions(重復(fù))canbeusedtotakeadvantageofthepoweroflanguagetotransformmunication,createmeaningandcultureofcareandattention.Sinceschoolsaremainlyaboutpeopleandrelationships,schoolleaders,likepoets,arerequiredtoinspireandencouragethehumanheart.Theuseofpoetry—orevenofsometechniquesofpoetry—inschoolleadershipnotonlyhelpstoimprovemunication,butalsoservestomeetthehumanneedforinspiration.8.Whoisthepassagemainlywrittenfor?A.Students. B.Teachers.C.Schoolleaders. D.Poets.9.Theuseofpoetryortechniquesofpoetryinschoolleadershipisinfacttomakeuseof______.A.thepoweroflanguageB.thepowerofschoolleadersC.people’spreferenceforpoetryD.people’sdesireformunication10.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Totalkabouttheartofbeingaschoolleader.B.Toencourageschoolleaderstousethepowerofpoetryinschoolleadership.C.Toexplainhowpoetrycanbeusedinourdailylife.D.Toshowreadersthatpoetryisreallypowerful.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了詩歌的重要性以及學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)應(yīng)該如何利用詩歌的力量管理學(xué)校，啟發(fā)學(xué)生和老師?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段末尾句內(nèi)容“Inthesameway,youtooasaschoolleadercantouchtheheartsofyourteachersandstudents.(同樣，作為學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，你也可以感動(dòng)老師和學(xué)生的心。)”可知，文章中的第二人稱“you”應(yīng)是指學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，因此可推知該文章應(yīng)是寫給學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“Beyondthesimpleuseofpoetry,techniquesofpoetrysuchasrepetitionscanbeusedtotakeadvantageofthepoweroflanguagetotransformmunication,createmeaningandcultureofcareandattention.(除了簡單的詩歌使用，詩歌技巧，如重復(fù)，可以用來利用語言的力量，改變溝通，創(chuàng)造意義和文化的關(guān)懷和關(guān)注。)”可知，詩歌或詩歌技巧的運(yùn)用在學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中其實(shí)是要加以利用詩歌語言的力量。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀文章可知，文章末尾段內(nèi)容“Theuseofpoetry—orevenofsometechniquesofpoetry—inschoolleadershipnotonlyhelpstoimprovemunication,butalsoservestomeetthehumanneedforinspiration.(在學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中使用詩歌——甚至是一些詩歌技巧——不僅有助于提高溝通，而且還滿足了人類對(duì)靈感的需求。)”再次強(qiáng)調(diào)了詩歌的力量對(duì)于學(xué)校管理的有利之處，從而揭示了本文的寫作目的，即：鼓勵(lì)學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)將詩歌的力量應(yīng)用于學(xué)校管理中。故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】題干定位法細(xì)節(jié)理解題需要將題目與原文進(jìn)行語境上的轉(zhuǎn)換，兩者存在表達(dá)上的差異，需要進(jìn)行加工或整理后才能得出結(jié)論。解此類題需要結(jié)合上下文的語境和信息進(jìn)行簡單地概括和判斷，最基本最常用的方法是題干定位法。一般在原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，然后進(jìn)行比較和分析，就可確定答案。比如文章的第2小題：2.Theuseofpoetryortechniquesofpoetryinschoolleadershipisinfacttomakeuseof______.A.thepoweroflanguageB.thepowerofschoolleadersC.people’spreferenceforpoetryD.people’sdesireformunication利用題干定位法，定位原文內(nèi)容“…techniquesofpoetrysuchasrepetitionscanbeusedtotakeadvantageofthepoweroflanguagetotransformmunication,createmeaningandcultureofcareandattention.”可知，學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)運(yùn)用詩歌或詩歌的技巧其實(shí)是運(yùn)用了語言的力量，選項(xiàng)A“thepoweroflanguage”與原文信息表達(dá)一致。故選A項(xiàng)為答案。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.Infact,thekeytoeasymorningwakeupliesinresettingyourbodyclock._____11_____Here’showtomakeone.●____12____Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyit’simportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreasons,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.●Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerrearrangingyourmorningactivities.Ifyouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforebysettingoutclothes,shoes,andbags.____13____That’saquarterhourmoreyoucouldbesleepingifyouboughtacoffeemakerwithatimer.●Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends.Ifyou’retiredoutbyFridaynight,sleepinginonSaturdaycouldsoundwonderful.Butpensating(補(bǔ)償)ontheweekendsactuallyfeedsintoyoursleepinessthefollowingweek,arecentstudyfound.____14____●Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryou’vetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.____15____Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.A.Getasleepspecialist.B.Findthenightmotivation.C.Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.D.Andconsidersettingasecondalarm.E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.F.Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwakeuptime,nomattertheday.G.Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafétogetcoffee.【答案】11.C12.B13.G14.F15.E【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了如何幫助人們制定計(jì)劃調(diào)節(jié)生物鐘，確保起床不再是一件令人頭痛的事情?！?1題詳解】空前句意：事實(shí)上，早起容易的關(guān)鍵在于你的生物鐘?？蘸缶湟猓哼@里是如何制作一個(gè)。故這里C（一個(gè)更好的睡眠計(jì)劃是有幫助的。）符合上下文，故選C?！?2題詳解】本段內(nèi)容是建議人們要先確定為什么要早起，早起的目的是什么，也就是早起的動(dòng)機(jī)是什么。由此推斷B（找到合適的動(dòng)機(jī)。）可以概括本段中心。故選B。【13題詳解】根據(jù)下句內(nèi)容可知，作者建議人們買一個(gè)可以定時(shí)的咖啡機(jī)，這樣可以節(jié)約15分鐘的喝咖啡時(shí)間，能夠多睡15分鐘，文中的aquarterhour和選項(xiàng)中的15minutes呼應(yīng)，是信息提示詞。故選G(重新考慮你在咖啡館排隊(duì)15分鐘買咖啡。)故選G?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)段落小標(biāo)題可知，本段是建議人們在周末也要堅(jiān)持自己的作息時(shí)間，由此推斷Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwakeuptime,nomattertheday.（無論哪天，堅(jiān)持你設(shè)置的睡覺和起床時(shí)間。）和本段標(biāo)題意思相同。故選F?！?5題詳解】下句建議人們?nèi)绻@樣做沒作用的話就嘗試新的辦法，由此推斷該空與Ifnot對(duì)應(yīng)，提出如果有效果的話如何去做。故選E（如果你采取的措施有作用的話，就要堅(jiān)持。）故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Aherodoesn’trefertothemaincharacterinascifimovieorinabestsellingthriller.Whatreally___16___aheroarethegoodthingsdoneinorderto___17___one’slifegreatly,providingpeace,valuesandpositivethinking.Aheroisapersonwhoisadmiredforhavingdonesomethingvery___18___orhavingachievedsomethinggood.Iwanttosharewithyoumyherowhomakesmefeel___19___enougheachdayofmylifetoreachmyowngoals.Formostofyoumyheromaybe___20___;however,Irecallawholelifefullof___21___andexperiences.Mygrandmotherisknownbyallhergrandchildrenas“Mocita”.She’saspiritedwoman,always___22___hermindtofightforwhatshewants.Likemosthousewives,shekeptmyfamily___23___.Sheisalwayspatient,braveand___24___.Shehasneverlostherpassion(熱情)forlife.Eventhough___25___timesmaye,ora___26___mayberoundthecorner,she’salwaysoptimisticandnever___27___thesmileonherface.Shestartedplayingtenniswhenshewas50andsoonbecame___28___atit.Andsheisstillplayingat74yearsold.She___29___toplayandI’msureshewilldieonthe___30___,doingwhatshelikesmost.Becauseofherlovefortennis,shehas___31___thewholefamilyinthisgreatsport,givingusthe___32___toenjoygreattimestogetherasafamily.She’sachampion,andhas___33___somanymedals,exactly80.Maybesheisn’tthemostfamouspersonyou’veeverknown,___34___forme,she’soneofthemostamazingpeoplethat___35___meinmydailylifetobeethebestIcanbe.16.A.faces B.makes C.attracts D.convinces17A.influence B.lead C.enjoy D.build18.A.important B.satisfactory C.different D.proper19.A.energetic B.patient C.brave D.happy20.A.unusual B.unfortunate C.unwele D.unknown21.A.expectations B.choices C.incidents D.imaginations22.A.bringingto B.changing C.makingup D.opening23.A.forward B.together C.out D.up24.A.strong B.lucky C.creative D.gentle25.A.free B.modern C.great D.hard26.A.trick B.storm C.helper D.visitor27.A.ignores B.loses C.doubts D.wears28.A.concerned B.puzzled C.skilled D.surprised29.A.exercises B.stops C.lives D.relaxes30.A.court B.air C.surface D.way31.A.interested B.helped C.kept D.involved32.A.order B.chance C.information D.warning33.A.carried B.collected C.received D.presented34.A.so B.but C.or D.for35.A.inspire B.ask C.force D.allow【答案】16.B17.A18.C19.A20.D21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.B27.B28.C29.C30.A31.D32.B33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者的奶奶是一個(gè)積極樂觀的人，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)面對(duì)生活中遇見的各種困難。這種品質(zhì)對(duì)作者產(chǎn)生了很大的影響，她就是作者心中的英雄?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：真正能成為英雄是那些能對(duì)一個(gè)人的生活產(chǎn)生巨大影響的好事，提供平和、價(jià)值和積極的思考。A.faces面對(duì)；B.makes使……成為；讓……；C.attracts吸引；D.convinces使…相信。成就英雄的是影響人們生活為做的那些好事。動(dòng)詞短語makeahero成就英雄。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：真正能成為英雄的是那些能對(duì)一個(gè)人的生活產(chǎn)生巨大影響的好事，提供平和、價(jià)值和積極的思考。A.influence影響；B.lead帶領(lǐng)；C.enjoy享受，喜歡；D.build建設(shè)。英雄所做的事情對(duì)人們的生活都有很大的影響，否則他不可能成為英雄。故A項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：英雄是指那些因做了不同尋常的事或成就了好事而受到尊敬的人。A.important重要的；B.satisfactory令人滿意的；C.different不同的；D.proper恰當(dāng)?shù)?，合理的。英雄被人們欽佩是也他們做了與眾不同的事情或做了對(duì)人們有很大好處的事情。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：我想和你分享我的英雄，他讓我每天都感到精力充沛，以達(dá)到我自己的目標(biāo)。A.energetic精力充沛的；B.patient耐心的；C.brave勇敢的；D.happy幸福的。根據(jù)第7空前“奶奶是一個(gè)精神飽滿的人”，可知作者想和讀者分享他的英雄，他的英雄讓他每天都精力充沛，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。故A項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：對(duì)你們中的大多數(shù)人來說，我的英雄可能是未知的。A.unusual反常的；B.unfortunate不幸的；C.unwele不受歡迎的；D.unknown未知的，不出名的。根據(jù)第8空前Likemosthousewives,可知我的英雄奶奶并不為很多人所知，但對(duì)我的影響很大，讓我精力充沛地面對(duì)生活。故D項(xiàng)正確。【21題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：然而，我回憶起了充滿期待和經(jīng)歷的整個(gè)人生。A.expectations期待；B.choices選擇；C.incidents事件；D.imaginations想象力。作者回憶起一段充滿了期待和經(jīng)歷的生活，正是由于奶奶的影響，作者對(duì)生活充滿了期待。故A項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞（短語）辨析。句意：她是個(gè)精力充沛的女人，總是下定決心為自己想要的東西而奮斗。A.bringingto帶來；B.changing改變；C.makingup組成；D.opening開。短語makeupone’smindtodosth下定決心做某事；句意：奶奶是一個(gè)精神飽滿的人，總是下定決心為自己想要的生活而努力。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：像大多數(shù)家庭主婦一樣，她把我的家庭維系在一起。A.forward向前地；B.together共同；C.out在外；D.up向上。幸福的家庭通常都是團(tuán)結(jié)友愛的家庭，奶奶也是一樣的，她總是讓全家人幸福地生活在一起，共同努力。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：她總是耐心，勇敢和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。A.strong強(qiáng)壯的，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；B.lucky幸運(yùn)的；C.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；D.gentle溫柔的，溫和的。奶奶總是很有耐性，很勇敢也很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，從來沒有失去對(duì)生活的熱情。根據(jù)后句可知奶奶很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，即使面對(duì)生活中的種種艱難，但她仍然堅(jiān)強(qiáng)面對(duì)。故A項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：即使困難時(shí)刻來臨，或者暴風(fēng)雨即將來臨，她總是樂觀的，臉上的微笑從未消失。A.free自由的；B.modern現(xiàn)代的；C.great偉大的；D.hard艱難的。根據(jù)上文可知奶奶很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，即使遇見了困難時(shí)刻或暴風(fēng)雨來臨，她仍然樂觀對(duì)待臉上從來都沒有失去微笑。故D項(xiàng)正確。26題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：即使困難時(shí)刻來臨，或者暴風(fēng)雨即將來臨，她總是樂觀的，臉上的微笑從未消失。A.trick把戲；B.storm風(fēng)暴；C.helper幫助者；D.visitor游客。本句告訴我們，即使遇見了困難時(shí)刻或暴風(fēng)雨來臨，她仍然樂觀對(duì)待臉上從來都沒有失去微笑。使用storm表示生活中遇見的困難，與hardtimes形成呼應(yīng)。故B項(xiàng)正確。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：即使困難時(shí)刻來臨，或者暴風(fēng)雨即將來臨，她總是樂觀的，臉上的微笑從未消失。A.ignores忽視；B.loses失去；C.doubts懷疑；D.wears穿戴，佩戴。即使遇見了困難時(shí)刻或暴風(fēng)雨來臨，她仍然樂觀對(duì)待臉上從來都沒有失去微笑。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：她50歲開始打網(wǎng)球，很快就打得很熟練了。A.concerned擔(dān)心的；擔(dān)憂的；B.puzzled困惑的；C.skilled技巧純熟的；擅長的；D.surprised驚訝的。奶奶在50歲的時(shí)候開始打網(wǎng)球，但她很快就打得很好，74歲還在打網(wǎng)球，她天生就是打網(wǎng)球的天才。故C項(xiàng)正確。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：她活著就是為了打球，我相信她也會(huì)死在球場上，做她最喜歡的事情。A.exercises鍛煉；B.stops停止；C.lives生活，居??；生來……；D.relaxes放松。奶奶在50歲的時(shí)候開始打網(wǎng)球，但她很快就打得很好，74歲還在打網(wǎng)球，她天生就是打網(wǎng)球的天才。根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：她活著就是為了打球，我相信她也會(huì)死在球場上，做她最喜歡的事情。A.court庭院；球場；B.air空氣；C.surface表面；D.way方法。上文告訴我們奶奶50歲開始打網(wǎng)球，74歲了仍然在玩網(wǎng)球。作者認(rèn)為她最終會(huì)死在網(wǎng)球場上，說明她對(duì)網(wǎng)球這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的熱愛。故A項(xiàng)正確。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：因?yàn)樗龑?duì)網(wǎng)球的熱愛，她讓整個(gè)家庭都參與到這項(xiàng)偉大的運(yùn)動(dòng)中來，讓我們有機(jī)會(huì)作為一個(gè)家庭一起享受美好的時(shí)光。A.interested使……感興趣；B.helped幫助；C.kept保持；D.involved使……參與；使……卷入。動(dòng)詞短語involvesbin…讓某人參與……；因?yàn)槟棠毯芟矚g網(wǎng)球，所以她讓全家人都參與了網(wǎng)球這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故D項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：因?yàn)樗龑?duì)網(wǎng)球的熱愛，她讓整個(gè)家庭都參與到這項(xiàng)偉大的運(yùn)動(dòng)中來，讓我們有機(jī)會(huì)作為一個(gè)家庭一起享受美好的時(shí)光。A.order命令；順序；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)，可能性；C.information信息；D.warning警告。奶奶讓全家人都參與網(wǎng)球，給了全家人一起享受生活的機(jī)會(huì)。故B項(xiàng)正確。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：她是冠軍，得了這么多獎(jiǎng)牌，正好有80塊。A.carried攜帶；B.collected收集；C.received收到，得到；D.presented呈現(xiàn)。奶奶天生就是冠軍，已經(jīng)得到了很多獎(jiǎng)品，確切來說是80塊獎(jiǎng)牌。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：也許她不是你認(rèn)識(shí)的最有名的人，但對(duì)我來說，她是在日常生活中激勵(lì)我成為最好的自己的最了不起的人之一。A.so因此；B.but但是；C.or或者；D.for因?yàn)?。也許對(duì)很多人來說，奶奶并不是很有名的人，但是對(duì)我來說她是生活中鼓勵(lì)我最多的人。上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以使用but連接上下文。故B項(xiàng)正確。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：也許她不是你認(rèn)識(shí)的最有名的人，但對(duì)我來說，她是在日常生活中激勵(lì)我成為最好的自己的最了不起的人之一。A.inspire鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)；B.ask要求，請求；C.force強(qiáng)迫，迫使；D.allow允許。奶奶鼓勵(lì)著我努力成為最佳的自我。故A項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)睛】做完型填空的時(shí)候：關(guān)注文章首句，領(lǐng)會(huì)大意。通過理解文章的首句，我們可以明確短文話題，了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，預(yù)測全文內(nèi)容。通過理解段落的首句，也可明確每段的大意，根據(jù)前后語境，上下聯(lián)系。有時(shí)只需從空格所在句子的上文或下文考慮；有時(shí)需要從空格所在句子的前后23句考慮；還有的可能要從整個(gè)段落或整篇文章給予考慮，才可選出正確選項(xiàng)。上下文提供的信息對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系以及詞語的重復(fù)使用，對(duì)解答完形填空也非常有用。對(duì)于文中生詞的處理，有的可以通過句法分析判斷詞性，根據(jù)上下文猜測其大意；對(duì)不影響文章理解和解題的生詞可以跳過不管。根據(jù)詞語辨析，挑選答案。理解句子含義，判斷句義關(guān)系，從詞匯的意義、用法和搭配考慮，把握整體意思，尋找答題線索。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Anoldcarpenter(木匠)wasreadytoretire.Hisbosswassorry___36___(see)thegoodworkergo.Heaskedthecarpenter___37___hecouldbuildonemorehouse.Thecarpenter___38___(say)yes,buthismindwasn’tonhisworkanymore.___39___(use)poormaterials,heworkedonthehousecarelessly.Whenthehouse___40___(plete),thebosshandedhimthefrontdoorkey.“Thishouseisnowyours,”hesaid,“asarewardforyour___41___(devote)overtheyears.”Whatasurprise!Whatashame!Hadheknownhewasbuildinghisownhouse,hewouldhavedoneitdifferently.Nowhehadtoliveinthehousepoorlybuiltbyhimself.Soitiswithus.Sometimeswebuildourlivescarelessly.Atimportantpointswedon’ttry___42___(we)best.Thenwithashamewefindourselveslivinginthehousewehavepoorlybuilt.Butwedon’thaveachancetomakeitalloveragain.Thinkofyourself___43___thecarpenter.Buildyourlife___44___(wise).Yourlifetodayis____45____resultofyourattitudesandchoicesyoumadeinthepast.Yourlifetomorrowwillbethatofyourattitudesandchoicesyoumaketoday.【答案】36.tosee37.whether/if38.said39.Using40.waspleted41.devotion42.our43.as44.wisely45.the【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要通過一個(gè)木匠的故事，木匠在要離開之前接受了老板的最后一個(gè)任務(wù)，再建造一所房子，心思已不在工作上的木匠沒有想到自己草草建造的最后一所房子竟是老板給與自己的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，從而講述了一個(gè)道理：要明智地生活，你今天的生活是你過去的態(tài)度和選擇的結(jié)果。你明天的生活將取決于你今天的態(tài)度和所做的選擇。【36題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：他的老板對(duì)這位好工人的離去感到遺憾。分析可知，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+be+adj.+todo不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中，todo不定式為原因狀語。故填tosee?！?7題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：他問木匠是否可以再蓋一所房子。分析可知，“___2___hecouldbuildonemorehouse”應(yīng)是賓語從句，從句句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，結(jié)合句意可知，應(yīng)有“是否”含義。故填whether/if。【38題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：木匠答應(yīng)了，但他的心思已經(jīng)不在工作上了。分析可知，所填空為句子謂語動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合后文“buthismindwasn’tonhisworkanymore”可知，應(yīng)是一般過去時(shí)。故填said?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：用著劣質(zhì)的材料，他草草地建造了這座房子。分析可知，句子謂語動(dòng)詞為worked，因此所填動(dòng)詞應(yīng)作非謂語，在句中作狀語，與句子主語之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填Using?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)。句意：房子建好后，老板把前門鑰匙交給了他。分析可知，所填空應(yīng)是句子謂語，與主語之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合后文“thebosshandedhimthefrontdoorkey”可知，應(yīng)是一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填waspleted?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：“這所房子現(xiàn)在是你的了，”他說，“作為你這么多年奉獻(xiàn)的回報(bào)?！狈治隹芍?，空前有形容詞性物主代詞，所填空應(yīng)是名詞。故填devotion。【42題詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意：在重要的時(shí)候我們沒有盡力。tryone’sbest，固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“盡某人最大的努力”，結(jié)合主語為“we”，應(yīng)用第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)的形容詞性物主代詞形式。故填our?！?3題詳解】考查介詞。句意：把自己看作成那個(gè)木匠。thinkofsb.as…，固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“把……看作……；認(rèn)為……是”。故填as?！?4題詳解】考查副詞。句意：明智地構(gòu)建你的生活。分析可知，副詞在句末作狀語。故填wisely。【45題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：你今天的生活就是你過去的態(tài)度和選擇的結(jié)果。分析可知，名詞result后有“ofyourattitudesandchoicesyoumadeinthepast”短語做限定修飾，因此result前應(yīng)用定冠詞the表特指。故填the。【點(diǎn)睛】語法填空題之冠詞在名詞或“形容詞＋名詞”前缺少限定詞時(shí)，要考慮冠詞。不定冠詞a/an表示泛指，可譯作“一個(gè)/本/座/……”等；定冠詞the表示特指，相當(dāng)于“這，這些，那，那些”。如果出現(xiàn)以下情況，一般考慮填定冠詞the。（1）________（+定語）+名詞+of等介詞短語（表示特指）；（2）________（+定語）+名詞+定語從句（表示特指）；（3）________（+定語）+名詞+不定式短語或分詞短語（表示特指）。比如文章第10小題：Yourlifetodayis___10___resultofyourattitudesandchoicesyoumadeinthepast.分析可知，“__10___resultofyourattitudesandchoicesyoumadeinthepast”符合規(guī)律（1）________（+定語）+名詞+of等介詞短語（表示特指），因此空10的答案很明顯應(yīng)填定冠詞the。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Leslie給你發(fā)郵件告知她參加漢語水平考試（HSK）未能通過。請你根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)寫一封郵件回復(fù)她。內(nèi)容包括：1.對(duì)考試失利給予安慰；2.對(duì)漢語學(xué)習(xí)提出建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.開頭語已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearLeslie,IamsorrytohearthatyoufailedtopasstheHSK.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearLeslie,IamsorrytohearthatyoufailedtopassHSK.Ihopethattheunexpectedfailurewillnotletyoudown,forIhavestillbeenamazedbytheexcellentChineseyouspokewhenwefirstmet.Asweallknow,languagelearningisneveraneasytask,butneedsgreateffortsandpatience.Personally,Ithinkyou’dbetterpaycloseattentiontotheformaluseofChinesewordsandexpressions,whichreallycounts.Meanwhile,youmayaswellreadasmanyChinesematerialsasyoucan.Moreimportantly,youshouldlearnfromthemistakesthatyouhavemade.Anyway,you’vealreadymadegreatprogressinyourlearningofChinese.Goodlucknexttime.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生寫一封郵件，表達(dá)對(duì)朋友考試失利的安慰和給與漢語學(xué)習(xí)的建議。【詳解】第一步：審題體裁：應(yīng)用文時(shí)態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)：三段式結(jié)構(gòu)。第一段表達(dá)安慰；第二段給與漢語學(xué)習(xí)的建議；第三段寒暄結(jié)束。要求：1.表達(dá)