新概念英語第一冊知識點(diǎn)歸納KeySentencePatterns:ARetrospective1."Ithink..."signifies"Ibelieve..."andisasentencepatternusedtoexpressone'sopinionorattitudetowardssomeoneorsomething.Thenegativeformtypicallyuses"Idon'tthink...",asin"Ithinkhe'sMr.Zhinag."(L17)or"Idon'tthinkyou'reright."2."Givesomethingtosomeone/Givesomeonesomething"means"togivesomethingtosomeone."Theverb"give"canbefollowedbyadoubleobject,andbothsentencepatternsareacceptable.Iftheobjectreferringtosomethingisapersonalpronoun,itmustbeusedwith"giveit/themtosomeone."Forexample:Hisparentsgivehimanicepurse.Hisparentsgiveanicepursetohim.GiveittoMr.Hu.(L57)3."Takesomeone/somethingto..."signifies"totakesomeone/something(anddeliver)to..."andistypicallyfollowedbyalocation.Itcanalsobefollowedbyaperson.Forinstance:Pleasetakethenewbookstotheclassroom.4."One...theother..."or"Oneis...andoneis..."indicates"oneis...;theotheris..."andisapplicableonlywhenreferringtotwothings.Forexample:Oneisred,andtheotherisgrey.(L50)Alternatively:Oneisred,andoneisgrey.Let'sgoforawalk.Letustryoncemore,please.Letmehelpyoufindit.(L42)Letmehelpyouwithit.7."Whatabout...?"or"Howabout...?"signifies"what/howabout...?"andisusedtoinquireorseektheotherperson'sopinion,viewpoint,orperspective."About"isapreposition,whichmustbefollowedbyanoun,pronoun,orV-ingform.Forinstance:What/Howaboutplayingchess?8."It'stimetodosomething"or"It'stimeforsomething"signifies"it'stimetodosomething."Theinfinitiveverbmustfollow"to,"while"for"canbefollowedbyanounorV-ingform.Forexample:It'stimetohavesupper.=It'stimeforsupper.9."Liketodosomething"or"likedoingsomething"signifies"toenjoydoingsomething."Theformeremphasizesaspecific,one-timeaction,whilethelatteremphasizeshabitualactions.Forexample:LiLeiandhisfriendsliketoplayinthetreehouse.(L43)Tomlikesswimming,butdoesn'tliketoswimthisafternoon.Askyourfriendstoguesswhat'sinit.(L44)11."Showsomeonesomething"or"showsomethingtosomeone"signifies"toshowsomethingtosomeone."Theusageofthissentencepatternisthesameaspoint2.Forexample:Showyourfriendyourfamilyphoto.(L36)Showyourfamilyphototoyourfriend.12."Introducesomeonetosomeone"signifies"tointroducesomeonetoanotherperson";"introducetosomeone"signifies"tointroduce(someone)tosomeone."Forexample:Introduceyourfamilytoher.PrepositionalPhrases:1."in+language/color/hat,"etc.,signifies"usingacertainlanguageorwearing..."Forinstance:inEnglish,inthehat.3."inthemorning/afternoon/evening"signifies"inthemorning/afternoon/evening"andsoon.4."inthedesk/pencil-box/bedroom,"etc.,signifies"inthedesk/pencil-box/bedroom,"etc.5."inthetree"signifies"inthetree(notbelongingtothetreeitself)";"onthetree"signifies"onthetree(belongingtothetreeitself)."Forexample:Therearesomeinthetree.Therearemanyapplesonthetrees.6."inthewall"signifies"inthewall(recessed)";"onthewall"signifies"onthewall(surface)."Forexample:Therearefourwindowsinthewall,andthereisamaponthebackwall.7."atwork(working)/atschool(studying)/athome(athome)"shouldnotethatthereisno"the"insuchshortphrases.8."at+time"signifiesaspecifictime.Forexample:atsix,athalfpastten.9."likethis/that"signifies"likethis/that"andmeans"likethis/that."10."of"phrasessignifyownership.Forexample:apictureofaclassroom,amapofChina.11."behind/beside/near/under+noun,"etc.,signifylocationanddirection.Forinstance:beside/nearthedoor,under/behindthetree.12."from"and"to"typicallysignifydirection;"from"signifies"from,"while"to"signifies"to."Forexample:fromonetoten,gotoschool/bed/work.Additionally,thefollowingphrasesmustbemastered:onduty,afterbreakfast,atnight,atthedoor,inthemiddle,inthesky,onone'sbike,etc.PresentPerfectTense:Structure:Subject+auxiliaryverbhave/has+pastparticipleUsage:1)Indicatesanactionthatbeganinthepastandhasaconnectiontothepresent.Thisisoftenusedwithadverbssuchas"just,""usually,""already,""since,"etc.Ihavejusthadlunch.(Iamfull,soIdon'tneedtoeatanymore.)Hehashadacupoftea.(Heisnolongerthirsty,sohedoesn'tneedtodrinkanymore.)Theyhavealreadyhadtheirholiday.(Theycan'ttakeanothervacation.)Theboyhasalreadyreadthebook.(Healreadyknowsthecontent,sohedoesn'tneedtoreadit.)2)Toasksomeoneiftheyhavedonesomething,thepresentperfecttenseistypicallyused:Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?HaveyoubeentoBeijing?Hasheseenthefilm?3)Indicatesanactionthatbeganinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.IhavelivedinBeijingfortwentyyears.Ihaveworkedforthisschoolforoneyear.4)Indicatesanexperienceorexperience:havingbeentoaplace,havingdonesomething,havingexperiencedsomething.Ihaveneverhadabath.Ihaveneverseenafilm.Ihaveneverbeentothecinema.IhavebeentoParis."Hav