如何寫好“讀寫任務(wù)”第二部分寫作（學(xué)案）I.如何寫出吸引改卷老師眼球的好句？1.Ifollowedyouradvice.Iwenttothesupermarket.ThereIfoundfourchairs.Theywereingoodshape.Theywerereasonablypriced.使用分詞和定語從句合并上述句子：______________youradvice,Iwenttothesupermarket________________________________________________________________________.2.Thecatwalkedslowlythroughthegrass.Thecatwaswatchingthemousethewholetime.使用現(xiàn)在分詞合并：__________________________________________,thecatwalkedslowlythroughthegrass.3.Thegoldwashiddenundertheground.Itwassafeformanyyears.使用過去分詞合并：________________________,thegoldwassafeformanyyears.練習(xí)：1.Tomwaswaitinginthequeueforhalfanhour.Hesuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Thetwostudentswerelostinthemountainsforaweek.Theywerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.使用定語從句或形容詞修飾名詞或代詞。1）Thehousehasbeenturnedintoanapartment.Iwasborninthehouse.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2）Youwillhavearoominmyhouse.Theroomisverycomfortable.Inthisroom,youwillfindmanythings.Thethingsarequitenecessaryfordailylife.方法一(使用2個定語從句)：Youwillhavearoominmyhouse,__________________________and___________youcanfindmanythingsthatarenecessaryfordailylife.方法二：（用形容詞代替其中一個定語從句，讓句子簡練）Youwillhavea___________________roominmyhouse,____________youcanfindallthenecessarythingsfordailylife.5.使用介詞短語合并（with+O;with+O+OC）Thefireisburning,soIfeelwarm._________________________,Ifeelwarm.Ilostmybike,soIhadtowalkhome.______________________________,Ihadtowalkhome.II.如何寫漂亮讀寫任務(wù)第二部分寫作？牢記：好的段落是well-connected,clear,economical,tight。1.平時訓(xùn)練要求書寫卷面訓(xùn)練：卷面書寫給評卷老師的第一印象非常重要，也是作文能拿到高分的第一道門檻，所謂“印象分”。在高考作文備考過程中，要特別注意書寫訓(xùn)練,切忌書寫不清、涂涂抹抹。具體要求如下：（1）用純黑色或顏色均勻的簽字筆或鋼筆；（2）貼底線書寫，保持字母大小基本一致，字母主體部分占行線約一半大小為宜；（3）保持單詞間距基本一致，一般為兩個字母的位置；（4）錯詞只用一條橫線或斜線劃掉，盡量不重復(fù)涂寫同一字母或單詞；（5）每段前空格約4個字母的位置。（3個或5個字母）2）避開抄襲陷阱：高水平的“抄襲”其實不是抄襲而是改寫，是利用原文的信息內(nèi)容、詞匯和句子結(jié)構(gòu)，通過詞匯替換和句型轉(zhuǎn)換等手段進(jìn)行改寫。這也正是“讀寫任務(wù)”這種題型所要考查考生是否掌握的寫作技能。3）整篇作文是一個整體，內(nèi)容要合理安排，語義要連貫，各段之間過渡、銜接要自然，避免對內(nèi)容要點一問一答式的寫作。2.各段之間過渡、銜接常用句型：Whatatouchingstory,whichremindsmeof…多么感人的故事呀，該故事使我想起……例如：Sam’sexperienceremindsmeofmysimilarexperiencehappeningfouryearsagowhenIwasadmittedtoseniorhighschool.Sam的經(jīng)歷讓我想起了四年前我上高中時發(fā)生的類似經(jīng)歷。IwasdeeplytouchedwhenIreadyourletter.It’sthefirsttimethatIhaverealizedyourdeepestloveforme.讀完您的信后，我很感動，我第一次感受到你對我深深的愛。Butinthemeantime,Iamlookingforwardtomynewlifeinthecollege.但同時，我又期盼著大學(xué)生活。However,lifeislikeaboxofchocolateandyou’llneverknowwhat’sinsideuntilyouopenit.然而人生就像一盒巧克力，直到你打開時，才知道里面是什么口味。Iwillbeabsolutelyabletoadjustthedifferencesinashorttime.我絕對能夠很快適應(yīng)兩者的不同。解題指導(dǎo)：近6年的讀寫任務(wù)第二部分寫作都是三個內(nèi)容要點，三個要點內(nèi)在的邏輯順序已經(jīng)安排好，無須考生重新組織。而且，寫作內(nèi)容要點明確，有時候相當(dāng)于三個問答題，把三個問題回答好就完成任務(wù)了。每一段寫一個內(nèi)容要點，這樣讓評卷老師清清楚楚地知道你已經(jīng)完成了三個寫作內(nèi)容任務(wù)。每一段都由一個主題句（atopicsentence）和2句或3句拓展句組成。3.主題句的6種常用寫法:1.直接回答要點。寫作要點是詢問考生的看法時，對提問直接作出回答。假如你處在那些動物的處境,你會有什么反應(yīng)？（2009廣東高考讀寫任務(wù)要點2）IfIwereananimalinthewildlifepark,Icouldfeelannoyedwhenpeoplekeepphotographingme.練習(xí)：你理想中的大學(xué)生活是什么樣的？（20XX年廣東高考讀寫任務(wù)要點2）_________________________________________________________________________常用詞語：Inmyopinion/inmyeyes/asforme/asfarasIamconcerned/Itismypersonalbeliefthat…2.表明立場。明確表示對某觀點支持、贊同或反對。你認(rèn)為是否應(yīng)該禁止游客和動物拍照。(20XX年廣東高考讀寫任務(wù)要點3)Ibelievethattakingphotoswithanimalsshouldbebanned.練習(xí)：你對用金錢鼓勵孩子學(xué)習(xí)的看法。(20XX年廣東高考讀寫任務(wù)要點1)_______________________________________________________________________________表示支持或贊同的常用句型：Iagreewiththestatementthat…；Iaminfavorof…；Iappreciatethat….;Iapproveoftheideathat…;Ibelievethat…;Iagreewithwhatthewritersaid/says.表示反對或不贊同的句型：Idisagreewiththeideathat…;Iamopposedtotheideathat…;Idisapproveoftheideathat…;Insomeway,Iagreewith…but…;Whatthewritersaidsoundsreasonable,butI…3.重述要點。不直接回答寫作要點，而是翻譯要點作為段落主題句。中學(xué)生活和大學(xué)生活的差別，以及你打算如何適應(yīng)。.（20XX年廣東高考讀寫任務(wù)要點3）Asweallknow,collegeiswidelydifferentfrommiddleschool.想家給學(xué)習(xí)和生活帶來的影響。（20XX年廣東高考讀寫任務(wù)要點2）Owingtofeelinghomesicktoomuch,Icouldn’tgetaccustomedtotheschoollifeandcouldn’tpayattentiontomystudy.練習(xí)：在生活中諒解他人有何重要意義。_______________________________________________________________________________常用詞語：playanimportantrole/partin…在……中扮演重要角色;doharmto=beharmfulto對……有害；It’sbeneficial/vital/necessaryforsb.todosth.對某人來說做某事很有幫助/重要/必要haveabad/goodinfluence/effect=affect…negatively/positively影響不好/好;haveacloserelation/connectionwith….=beassociatedwith…closely=beconnectedwith…closely和……有密切聯(lián)系setawonderfulexampletosb.給某人樹立一個好榜樣cultivatedmyinterestin…培養(yǎng)我對……的興趣；showmoreandmoreenthusiasmin…對……表現(xiàn)出越來越多的興趣=showakeeninterestin…4.總述原因你支持青少年的秘密應(yīng)該與父母分享的理由是什么？Iinsistthatteenagers’secretsshouldbesharedwiththeirparentsforreasonsasfollows.練習(xí)：使我們生活發(fā)生變化有哪些原因？_____________________________________________________________________常用句型：Thereareseveralreasonsthatcontributeto……的原因有多種=Reasonsforthisarevaried.Thereasonsforthisareobvious……的原因顯而易見…forreasonsasfollows…的原因如下Thereasonwhy…isthat…5.引出建議、方法、措施、步驟等如何才能獲得快樂？Weshouldfindsomeeffectivewaystomakeourselveshappy.你（或你朋友）是如何應(yīng)對日常生活中的沖突的？（2013佛山一模）Itisveryimportantnottorespondtoangerwithangerinourdailylife.你認(rèn)為怎樣才能更好地鼓勵孩子學(xué)習(xí)。（20XX年廣東高考讀寫任務(wù)要點3）Inmyopinion,schoolsandparentsaresupposedtoeducatetheirkidsthroughteachingthemtostudyfortheirfamilyandtheirmotherlandratherthangivingthemmoney.練習(xí)：說說人們對環(huán)境保護(hù)所采取的措施。______________________________________________________________________________常用句型：Wearesupposedtotakesomeeffectivemeasures.Weshouldtryourbesttoovercome/conquerthedifficulties.Weareinquiredtosolvetheproblemsthatwearefacedwith.Itisnecessarythatproperactions/stepsshouldbetakentoendthephenomenon.6.引出經(jīng)歷。用來引出記敘文的具體事例。簡述你經(jīng)歷過的一次困難或考驗。Itremindsmeofmyownexperiencewhen…講述一次你（或你朋友）發(fā)生沖突的時間、地點和起因（2013佛山一模）Ihadonce曾經(jīng)experiencedanembarrassingconflictwithmyclassmatelastyear.Itwasrainingheavilyoutsideandtheclassroomwasabitcrowded.常用句型：Itremindsmeofthetimewhen…Itremindsmeofanaccidentwhichhappenedseveraldaysago.Afterreadingthestoryabove,Irecalltheexperienceofmyfriendwho…Thestoryaboveremindsmeofoneofmyexperiences…Whatatouchingstory,whichremindsmeof…Sam’sexperienceremindsmeofmysimilarexperiencehappeningfouryearsagowhenIwasadmittedtoseniorhighschool.4.拓展句的四種常用寫法：1）列舉：1~2點如：列舉學(xué)校里的浪費現(xiàn)象Wecouldseesuchkindofsmallthingsarounduseveryday.(主題句)要點：教室時……；吃飯時……；吃完時……Forexample,whenweleavetheclassroom,wejustignorethelightsandcomputersandleavethemon;whenwehavedinners,weoftenusethethrowawaychopsticksandplasticbags;whenwefinishsomedrinksandfood,wethrowtheleftoververycasually.(拓展句)如：作為中學(xué)生，我們應(yīng)該如何配合老師批改作業(yè)？（8校聯(lián)考卷）What’smore,teacherscheckoverourassignmentseveryday,whichisagoodbridgeforustocommunicatewitheachother.（主題句）要點：在錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)；得到鼓勵從而取得進(jìn)步；要尊重老師的勞動成果。Inthiscasewecanlearnfromourerrors,getencouragementandmakeprogressinourstudy.Sowewillrespectourteachers’hardwork,nomatterwhethertheyuseredpensornot.2).遞進(jìn)：notonly...butalso...moreover如：就“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)給人們生活帶來的影響”發(fā)表自己的觀點SurfingtheInternetbringspeoplemorebenefits.(主題句)要點：提供最新信息；改變交流方式；網(wǎng)上購物，方便快捷。TheInternetnotonlyprovidespeoplewithamountsoflatestinformation,butalsochangesthewaypeoplecommunicatewitheachother.Besides,theInternetenablespeopletogoshoppingathomeeasilyandconveniently.(拓展句)3).對比：foronething正面原因；foranother反面原因如：你是否支持該校長暫停表現(xiàn)不好的學(xué)生上學(xué)。Ibelievetheheadmasterisrighttosuspendthosemisbehavingstudents’class.(主題句)要點：一方面，他們待在教室會……；另一方面，不待在教室會……Foronething,ifthesemisbehavingstudentsareallowedtostayinclass,theywillnegativelyaffectotherstudents’learning.Foranother,iftheyareremovedfromtheclass,notonlytheotherscanlearninpeace,buttheyalsocanhavetimetolearntheirlessonsandthenbehavebetterwhentheyreturn.(拓展句)如：簡述老師用紅筆批改學(xué)生作業(yè)的利與弊；（八校聯(lián)考卷）Generallyspeaking,mostteachersmarkcorrectionsorgradestudents’papersinredpens.（主題句）要點：有人認(rèn)為用紅筆會……；但是，也有人認(rèn)為用紅筆可以……Somepeoplethinkitmaymakestudentsanxiousthusblamingtheirteachers.Howeversomepeoplethinkitcanattractstudents’attention.4.類似故事或經(jīng)歷→故事歸納如：就“如何看待外貌”的主題發(fā)表看法Whatmakesapersonbeautifulishisattractivepersonalityratherthanhisphysicalappearance.(主題句)要點：舉例：某某同學(xué)……Inoneofmypreviousclasses,therewasabeautifulgirlnamedLucywhohadalmostaperfectfaceandslimfigure.Shetreatedherbeautyinamatter-of-factwayandshewasnicetoeveryone.Herpersonalitywasmostlyacceptedbyothersanditmadeheranoutstandingbeauty.(拓展句)要寫好舉例論證文章的例子，需注意兩點：抓住要素，突出要素1.引述事例時要突出能夠證明中心論點的部位,可用一定筆墨進(jìn)行渲染(如:Shetreatedherbeautyinamatter-of-factway…Herpersonalitywasmostlyacceptedbyothers…)2.除必要的交代外，刪去與論證無關(guān)或關(guān)系不大的內(nèi)容.確定事例的建議步驟：1、確定例子前先確定論點；2、抓住論點的要素；3、尋找與論點有共同要素的例子；4、確定例子。下面有三篇均以海倫.凱勒故事為中心的例子，如果你要寫一篇論點為“Effortsarethemostimportantthingtohelpyouachievesuccess.”的文章，你會選擇哪個例子呢？為什么？1）TheexampleofHelenKellerbestsupportstheview.HelenKellerwasborndeafandblindbeforeshelearnedtospeak.Shehadlittlerealunderstandingoftheworldaroundher.Fortunately,shehadagoodteacherandherteacherhelpedherspeak.Atlast,shecouldspeaknormallyandgaveherhelptopeoplewholikedher.2）TheexampleofHelenKellerbestsupportstheview.HelenKellerwasborndeafandblindbeforeshelearnedtospeak.Shehadlittlerealunderstandingoftheworldaroundher.Nevertheless,shemadeeveryefforttolearntospeakandwrite.Withagreatdealofpersistence,shefinallybecameawriterandlecturer,whoalsobecameaninspirationtoall.3)TheexampleofHelenKellerbestsupportstheview.HelenKellerwasborndeafandblindbeforeshelearnedtospeak.Shehadlittlerealunderstandingoftheworldaroundher,certainlynothingtogiveherself-confidence.Nevertheless,shebelievedshecouldconquerallthedifficulties.Withthisfaith,shefinallybecameawriterandlecturer,alsoaninspirationtoall.小試牛刀：20XX年廣東省高考英語讀寫任務(wù)第二節(jié)讀寫任務(wù)（共1小題；滿分25分）

閱讀下面短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文

Tomanypeopleeventheword“work”soundsunpleasant,notnecessarilybecausetheyarelazy.Thesameman,whodislikeshisjobinthefactoryorevenintheoffice,mayworkhardattheweekend,paintingthehouseordiggingthegarden.

Whatisthereason,then？Inmostcases,itisbecausethesepeoplesimplydonotenjoythejobtheyaredoing.Itdoesnotgivethemanyrealsatisfaction.Itmaybequiteeasy,likemakingupwoodenboxes,butitisveryboring.Veryoftentheyaredoingajobwhichisjustasmallpartofamuchlargerone,suchasattachingadoorhandletoacar.Buttheparttheyplayinactuallymakingthecarissosmallthattheycanneversay:Ihavemadesomething!

Yetinmodernsocietysomebodyhastodoordinaryjobssuchascleaningstreetsbecausethisisthewaysocietyisorganized,nomatterhowordinaryajobis,itplaysapartinsocietyandthereforedeservesourduerespect.Societycannotfunctionasingledaywithoutthe“dullandboring”jobs.

[寫作內(nèi)容]

1.以約30個詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容。

2.以約120個詞談?wù)勀銓ζ椒补ぷ鞯南敕?，?nèi)容包括：

（1）描述清潔工工作的艱辛；

（2）假如沒有清潔工，環(huán)境會變得如何？

（3）你對平凡工作者的看法。

[寫作要求]

1.作文中可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱。

[評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]概括準(zhǔn)確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，語篇連貫。解題步驟：1.看清文章結(jié)構(gòu)：________________________________________________2.在原文中劃出每段的主題句：定摘要的時態(tài)、人稱、技巧：刪細(xì)節(jié)、刪例子、避免重復(fù)；使用概括性名詞、短語、短小簡單的句子來壓縮長句甚至段落。3.寫出摘要要點（3個，一段一個要點）_______________________________________________________________________________4.用“主題句+支撐句”的模版寫出30詞的摘要。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.以約120個詞談?wù)勀銓ζ椒补ぷ鞯南敕ǎ瑑?nèi)容包括：

1)描述清潔工工作的艱辛；重述要點。不直接回答寫作要點，而是翻譯要點作為段落主題句。主題句______________________________________________________________________拓展句：列舉：1~2點:清潔工起早摸黑，要在嚴(yán)寒酷暑中工作，但是收入不高。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2）假如沒有清潔工，環(huán)境會變得如何？1.直接回答要點作為主題句：主題句：_____________________________________________________________________拓展句：列舉：1~2點:工作環(huán)境也會隨之變差，導(dǎo)致人們無法高效工作。如果沒有清潔工，環(huán)境會變得糟糕。街道將會到處是垃圾，臭氣沖天，污水橫流。在這種環(huán)境里，人們的人們的工作環(huán)境也會隨之變差，導(dǎo)致人們無法高效工作。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（3）你對平凡工作者的看法。2.表明立場作為主題句。主題句：____________________________________________________________________拓展句：列舉：1~2點:社會需要各種職業(yè)，離不開普通勞動者。我們應(yīng)該尊重他們的平凡工作，提高他們的待遇。________________________________________________________________________________________________