河北省名校2024屆高三下學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷

學(xué)校：___________姓名：班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：

一'閱讀理解

ThisIsWhatYourDog'sBehaviorsShouldTellYou

Astraightenedtail

Whenyouseeadog'stailintheair,thatdogprobablyfeelsveryexcitedorconfident

aboutsomething.Ifitstailisshakyandremainsup,thedogprobablyjustfeelschallengedin

away.Wheneveradogiscontent,itstailisalwaysleveledwithitsbody.However,ifthetail

ishanginglow,thisshowssomekindofinsecurity.

Chewingyourfurniture

Whenpuppiesstartteething,theystartchewingthingsaround.Itjustmeansthatthey

havenotbeengettingasmuchphysicalactivityastheirbodyneeds.Youcaneasilyhelpby

takingthemoutforanicewalkorhelpingthemexerciseinsomeotherways.

Tilting（傾斜）theirheads

Whenyouaretalkingtodogs,yousubconsciouslyendupspeakinginahigherpitch.The

dogstiptheirheadsinanattempttounderstandwhatyouaretelling.Dogshaveagreatway

ofreadingdifferentbodylanguageandrespondingtovocalcues.Theyrecognizespecific

wordsespeciallythoseassociatedwithtreatstheyloveorwalks.Acertaintheorystatesthat

dogswillmovetheirheadsinthatmannerasawayofadjustingtheirearssothattheycan

listenbetter.

Raisingtheirears

Whenyouseeadograiseitsears,justknowifslisteningkeenlytoyou.Ithappenswhen

theyareunfamiliarwithacertainsoundandaretryingtofigurethesoundout.Sowhenyou

seethis,justallowyourdogtofigureoutthingsslowlyforasecond.Afterall,it'sverynice

tohaveadogthatisobservant.

1.Ifadogkeepsitstailhanginglow,itsuggestsitfeels.

A.satisfiedB.thrilledC.unsafeD.challenged

2.Whatshouldyoudoifyourdogischewingyourfurniture?

A.Tiethedog.B.Walkthedog.

C.Feedthedog.D.Bathethedog.

3.Whichofthefollowingbehaviorsshowsthedogislisteningattentively?

A.Wavingitstail.B.Movingitshead.

C.Raisingitsears.D.Showingitsteeth.

ItwasacloudyafternoonwhenAlexsteppedoffthetrainatSeattle's48thStreetStation.

The22-year-old,whoworkednightsinagrocerystore,wasonhiswaytohisgrandfather^

sotheycouldbuyacar.Suddenly,oneguyfellontothetracksandstartedconvulsing（抽搐）.

Themanfellonthethirdrail,theconduitofelectricitythatpowersSeattle9strains.As

Alexandotherhorrifiedonlookerswatched,heconvulsedviolentlyandhisheadbouncedup

anddown.

Alexcouldn9tjuststandthere.Assumingeveryrailwaselectrified,Alextookafewquick

bounds,high-kneeingitashe'ddoneinhighschoolfootballteam,untilhewasstandingover

thevictim.Thetrainhe9djustgottenoffstopped,thankfully.Alexreacheddownandgrasped

thevictim'swrist.Instantly,hefeltablastofelectricshock.Again,hewasshockedagain.

Butthethirdtimeheseizedtheman'swrist,bravingtheshock.Theguy'sbodyslidbriefly

alongthethirdrail,comingtorestonthegravel（砂礫）.

“GivehimCPR!”yelledtwolookers-on.Andheworkedontheman'sheartuntilthe

victimbeganbreathing.Thennursesandfirefightersarrived.Theytoldauthoritiestocutthe

power,deactivatingthethirdrail.Hisheartstillracingfromtheelectricshocks,heclimbed

backupandcontinuedontohisgrandfather^.

Asplanned,theywenttolookatthecar,butithadbeensold.TheEveningNextreported

theincident,creditingananonymousherowithsavingthevictim.Afterafriendrevealedhis

identity,AlexbecamethetoastofSeattle.Afewdayslater,hewasrewardedwithacar.Alex

wasthenrecruitedbythefiredepartmentandisnowbeingtrained.

4.WhatwasAlex'splanthatafternoon?

A.Purchasingavehicle.B.Takingthetrain.

C.Visitinghisgrandfather.D.Workinginthegrocerystore.

5.Whatcouldbethemajorproblemoftherescue?

A.Theman'sheavyweight.B.Thelongdistance.

C.Theheightoftheplatform.D.Theelectrifiedrail.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deactivating“inparagraph4mean?

A.Slowing.B.Speeding.C.Stopping.D.Starting.

7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Onegoodturndeservesanother.

B.Cautionistheparentofsafety.

C.Threeheadsarebetterthanone.

D.Lookers-onseemorethanplayers.

Today,manypeopleareturningtosocialmediafortheirfitnessroutines,withTikTok,

oneofthemostpopularplatforms.Indeed,itsfitnesscategoryhassome300billionviews.

Butarethepostedworks,exercisesandchallengesreallysafeandeffective?

Whilefitnessinfluencerscanencouragepeopletobecomemorephysicallyactive,which

isapositive,thequalityandaccuracyoftheircontentisaconcern,accordingtoa2023

reviewinFrontiersinPublicHealth.

“TherearealotofunsustainableandunrealisticworkoutsonTikTok,andevensome

dangerousadvice,“saidJessBrown,acertifiedpersonaltrainerinWestchester,NewYork.

"What'smore,muchofthefitnessinformationonTikTokisn'tbackedbyscienceorposted

byfitnessprofessionals.Theworkoutsareusuallygeneralizedtoanyone,too,anddon'ttake

intoaccountyourhealth,yourfamilyhistory,yourflexibility,yourrangeofmotion——thelist

goeson,“saidMonicaJones,acertifiedpersonaltrainerinWashington,DC.

OneofthemorepopularTikTokfitnesstrendsinvolvesdevelopingyourabdominal

muscles.Thesechallengesoftenshowaninfluencerdoingoneexerciseorseriesof

movementsthat,ifrepeateddailyforaweekortwo,ispromisedtoresultinasexysix-pack.

“Noway,“Brownsaid."We'veprovenagainandagainthatspotreductionisn'tathing.”

"Unfortunately,therewillalwaysbetrendscenteredaroundgettingfastresults,because

thosegrabpeople'sattention.Butit'simportanttolookatyourfitnessandhealthasalifelong

journey,notsomethingyoucanachievewithin10to90days,“Jonessaid.

Howcanyouseparatequalityworkoutsfromdangerousones?First,checkthe

informationoftheposters.Theyshouldbecertifiedfitnessprofessionalswhohave

experienceworkingwithpeople.Youalsowantacoachwhoemphasizesimprovingstrength

andhealth,notonewhofocusesonbodytype.Aqualityinfluencershouldencouragemental

well-being,self-careandtheimportanceoflisteningtoyourbodyinadditiontophysical

fitness.

8.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.TheproblemsoffitnesscontentonTikTok.

B.ThelackofsustainabilityonTikTokworkouts.

C.TheneedsforpersonalizedworkoutonTikTok.

D.TheabsenceofscientificbackinginfitnessinformationonTikTok.

9.WhatdofitnessinfluencersoftenpromiseinpopularTikToktrends?

A.Sustainableworkoutroutines.

B.Long-termhealthimprovement.

C.Certifiedfitnessprofessionalguidance.

D.Easyexercisewithimmediateresults.

10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayJonesagreewith?

A.Fitnessshouldbealifelongjourney,notaquickachievement.

B.Fitnesstrainingshouldbespecifictobodytypeandflexibility.

C.Fitnessinfluencersmustprioritizefastresultsoverlong-termhealth.

D.TikTokworkoutsmustpromotementalwell-beingoverphysicalfitness.

11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkimportanttoevaluateaqualityfitnessinfluencer?

A.Personalizedworkoutplans.

B.Payingattentiontodetailinexercises.

C.Takingabalancedapproachtofitness.

D.Certificationandreputationinfitnesstraining.

Afterskating,skiingorcleaningsnow,nothingwarmsyouupbetterthanacupofhot

cocoa.Althoughtoday'stypicaltoppings-cream,marshmallows,crushedcandy-maybe

wonderful,chocolatewasfirstconsumedinliquidformbytheOlmecpeopleofnorthwestern

CentralAmericaaround1500B.C.ItwasevenenjoyedbytheAztecemperorMontezuma,

andtheAztecword“Xocolatl“foritevolved（演化）intotheEnglishwordchocolate.

ButtheAztecsdidn'tservetheircocoahot.Andsincesugarhadnotyetarrivedfrom

Europe,backthen,thedrinkwasoftenflavoredwithpepperandspices.Itmaynothavebeen

quiteasvariousastoday'sversion,butitwasmoredeliciousifyoubelieved,astheAztecs

did,thatchocolatewasagiftfromthegodsandhadhealingproperties.

AftertheSpanisharrivedintheAmericasinthe1500s,liquidchocolatemadeitsway

acrossthepond,wherewealthyEuropeansaddedsugaranddrankitwarm.InChocolate:

History,CultureandHeritage,authorBertramGordonsayshotchocolatebecame"the

beverage（飲品）oftheupperclass”,assugarwasstillaluxury.Doctorsalsobeganusingitto

masktheunpleasanttasteofmedicines,andsomedoctorstodaystillsuggestthatparentstry

that.

Soonenough,though,hotchocolatecaughtonwiththemasses.Chocolatehouses——a

crossbetweencafesandcasinos（賭場(chǎng)）一startedpoppinguparound17th-centuryEurope.In

theselivelyplaces,hotchocolatewaspouredfromgoldenpotsintoelegantcups.Butbythe

endofthe18thcentury,chocolatehouseshadmostlydiedoff,partlybecausethecostof

chocolatewasmuchhigherthanthatofcoffeeortea.

Howeveryouchoosetojazzupyourowncup,thesimplepleasureofdrinkingawarm,

chocolateybeverageisonethathasn'tgottenoldforthousandsofyears.Agiftfromthegods?

Perhaps.Butifscertainlyonethatkeepsongiving.

12.WhatdidtheAztecsbelieveaboutchocolate?

A.Itshouldbeservedhot.

B.Itwasagodsendwithhealingqualities.

C.ItwasfirstconsumedbytheOlmecpeople.

D.Itshouldbeflavoredwithpepperandspices.

13.AccordingtoBertramGordon,whydidhotchocolatebecomethebeverageoftheupper

class?

A.Itwasasymbolofluxuriouslife.

B.Itwasatreatonlytherichcouldafford.

C.Itsrecipewasonlyknowntotheupperclass.

D.Itsflavorwasonlyenjoyedbytheupperclass.

14.Whydidchocolatehousesdeclineinpopularitybytheendofthe18thcentury?

A.Thecostofchocolateincreased.

B.Thetasteofhotchocolatechanged.

C.Otheralternativedrinkswererelativelycheap.

D.Chocolatehouseswerereplacedbycafesandcasinos.

15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Theoriginsandevolutionofhotchocolate.

B.Thelastingpleasureofdrinkinghotchocolate.

C.TheriseandfallofchocolatehousesinEurope.

D.Thepopularityofhotchocolateamongtheupperclass.

二、七選五

16.“Tohavepassedthroughlifeandneverexperiencedsolitude（獨(dú)處）istohavenever

knownoneself,"writesJosephKrutchinhismemoir,TheDesertYear.

①Especiallyduringthebustlingholidayseason,whencelebrations,

shoppingandgatheringsappealtoyou,theluxuryofamomentofsolitudeistobesoughtout

andtreasured.

It'simportanttodistinguishsolitudefromloneliness-thelatterisanegativeexperience

ofisolation（隔離），andresearchshowsthatoneneednotliterallybealonetofeellonely.②

Thechoicetoenjoyyourowncompanyhasalargenumberofbenefits.

（3）Nooneelsegetstohaveyourattentionwhenyouarealoneathome,

takingalightandactiveDecemberwalkorevensittingquietlyinacafewithahotchocolate

andagoodbook.Whenyoucanfocusallyourattentiononwhatyouwantandwhatison

yourmindalone,youwillbefreetoseeyourselfmoreclearly.

Itencouragesascreen-freemoment.Whenyouchoosetospendsometimeinsolitude,

thatmeansyouarepreparedtostepawayfromtextmessagesandsocialmediaforatime.

Takingevenasmallbreakfromyourattachmenttothosebottomlessactivitieswillrefresh

you.（4）_________

Youhavespacetoreflectonyourpriorities.C6Ifindthatthewholepointofsolitudeisthat

youcannotonlyenjoyyourowncompany,butalsoreview,changeandimprovewhoyouare

asaperson,writesthebloggerKirkPineda."Ifyoualreadyhaveapersoninmindwhois

ideal,whydon'tyoubecomethatperson?”⑤Andyouwillhavetheemotional

andphysicalspacetoconsiderwhatareasofgrowthyoucansetyoursightson.

A.Yourattentionisonlyyourown.

B.Solitudeisagiftwecanchoosetogiveourselves.

C.However,forothers,solituderepresentsadesirabletimeofcomfort.

D.Solitudegivestimeandspaceforreflectiononthecourseandpathoflife.

E.Anditgivesyouamomenttonoticeyourownthoughtsandfeelingsinthemeantime.

F.Solitude,bycontrast,istheintentionalactivityofspendingtimeinyourownpresence.

G.Whenyouareinaself-reflectivemomentofsolitude,youcanseeyourselfwithfresheyes.

三、完形填空（15空）

At7:30amonChristmasEve,MaryBlackgotacallfromanunknownnumber.Itwas

NicolaGrant,aBletchleyresidentwhohad]Mary'sbrotherRoyBlack.Roywas

then64,mentally2,andleftthegrouphomeinthedeadlywinterstormthatbegan

strikingBletchleythepreviousday.

Afterwanderingforalongtime,Roy3inasnowbankdirectlyoutsideNicola's

home.Hewassobbing（啜泣）andcryingout4.Nicolawentoutsideandfounda

stranger,screamingandconfused.Shewentintothestormwithherhusband,carryingRoy

intotheirhome.Royhad5signsofseverefrostbite:handsseverelyswollenand

coveredinmulticoloredblistersandsores.Nicolausedahairdryerto6hisclothing,

whichstucktightlytohisshivering（顫抖）body.Still,despiteallNicolahaddonetotreathis

7,Royurgentlyneeded8attention.Gettinghelpseemed9,though,forthe

roadswereslipperywithiceandsnow.Theywerecryingindespair（絕望）.Ina10

cryforhelponDecember25-onefulldayafterRoyHoutsideherhouse-Nicola

postedalivevideoonFacebook.

Withinhalfanhour,neighbors12tohelp,shovelingiceandsnowaround

Nicola'shome.TheywrappedupRoywarmandspedhimtothe13MedicalCenter.

“Therescueisall14toNicola,“saidMary,whowas15withappreciation

andreliefthatherbigbrotherwassafe.

17.A.transportedB.rescuedC.dismissedD.accused

18.A.disabledB.qualifiedC.harmfulD.honest

19.A.wakedupB.spedupC.endedupD.dressedup

20.A.insorrowB.indisbeliefC.inregretD.incomfort

21.A.diverseB.dramaticC.incredibleD.visible

22.A.ironB.cleanC.removeD.tidy

23.A.illnessesB.woundsC.anklesD.knees

24.A.medicalB.subsequentC.genuineD.decent

25.A.essentialB.predictableC.unusualD.impossible

26.A.greedyB.desperateC.hopelessD.regretful

27.A.hurriedB.hesitatedC.showedD.slept

28.A.applaudedB.proposedC.requestedD.offered

29.A.nearbyB.temporaryC.amateurD.alternative

30.A.donatedB.owedC.awardedD.contributed

31.A.burdenedB.satisfiedC.filledD.provided

四、短文填空

32.ChinesecalligraphyisanartisticpracticeofwritingChinesecharacters,oftenwitha

brushandinkonXuanpaper.TheevolutionofChinesecalligraphybeganalongsidethe①

(early)Chinesecharacterstodate一inscriptionsonoraclebones(甲骨文)fromthe

ShangDynastyinAnyang,HenanProvince.Overtime,calligraphygraduallytookshapeasa

formofartratherthanameremeans②record.

Calligraphyisa(3)(demand)andadvancedart.Frombrushinclinationand

directiontospeedofwriting,everytwistandturnofthewrist(4)(calculate).

Structureofindividualcharactersandspatiallayoutasawholedetermineitsquality.

Moreover,itissaidthattheemotionsandphilosophyofthewriterare⑤

(direct)reflectedoncalligraphy.

Calligraphyisrefinedart.LanTingXu.⑥(create)byWangXizhiduringthe

EasternJinDynasty(317—420),isoneofthemostcelebratedmasterpiecesofChinese

calligraphy.Itseleganceandexpressivebrushworkbroughtitbothhistoricalandcultural

significanceinChineseliterature.Calligraphyisalsowithinreach.Likethespringfestival

couplets(對(duì)聯(lián))⑦decoratedoorsofeverydayfolks,calligraphyhasalwaysbeen

theembodimentofart(8)(appreciate)fortheChinese.

WherethereisChineselanguage,thereisChinesecalligraphy,(9)wherethere

iscalligraphy,thereisbeauty.Theartistryisstillhighlyvaluedtoday,foritismorethanjust

writing,itis⑩livingtreasure.

五、書(shū)面表達(dá)

33.假定你是李華，校英文報(bào)開(kāi)設(shè)了英文歌曲欄目，正面向全校師生征集好聽(tīng)的英文

歌曲。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一封推薦信，內(nèi)容包括：

1.推薦歌曲；

2.推薦理由。

注意：

1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Deareditor,

Yours,

LiHua

六、讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)

34.閱讀下面材料根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

文。

IwasmakingmymorningcoffeeandwonderinghowIwouldgetthroughtheday,

especiallywiththeraincomingdown,whenIcaughtsightofTony9sphotoonthewall,which

showedTonyposingwithagroupofhuntingdogs.Istaredoutthewindow,thinkingofTony.

Ifonlyhereallywerestillhere.

TonyservedintheNavyandwemovedaroundalot,everythreeyearstoanewnaval

base（海軍基地）.Itdidn'tmatterwherewelivedaslongasweweretogether.AfterTony

retired,wemovedintoafarmhouseinnorthGeorgia.Iimaginedalifetimeofsippingsweet

teaonthebackporch（門(mén)廊），whileTonysharedstoriesabouthunting.Hisdreamwasto

raiseahuntingdog.Meanwhile,IhadmyheartsetongettingasweetYorkie,alittledogthat

couldfitinmyhandbag.

Wehadsomanyplans,somanydreams.Butsomemonthsafterwe'dmovedin,Ifound

Tonyontheporch,lookingunsettled."Doctorsaysmyliverisfailing,hesaid."I'llneedan

operation.^^Inmyeyes,he'dalwaysbeeninvincible（不可戰(zhàn)勝的）.Ididn'twantto

believehecoulddie.IwasovercomewithgriefwhenTonydiedtwomonthsafterthe

operation.

Ourfarmhouse,whichhadoncebeensolivelyandfilledwithlaughter,wasterriblyquiet.

Sodarkandempty.TherewasnoonetogreetmewhenIcamehomefromwork,noonetosit

withonthebackporchandnoonetowalkwitharoundourproperty.

Istaredoutthewindowattherain,whichwascomingdownevenheaviernow.Iwas

abouttoheadbacktothekitchenwhenIhappenedtonoticemovement.

注意：

L續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Somethingsmallandfurryemergedfromthewoodsinthebackyard.

Istaredatthedoginamazement.

參考答案

1.答案：c

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Astraightenedtail部分中“However,ifthetailishanginglow,

thisshowssomekindofinsecurity.（然而，如果尾巴垂得很低，這表明狗缺乏安全感）”可

知，家犬尾巴低垂表達(dá)其不安全的含義。故選C。

2.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Chewingyourfurniture部分中“Youcaneasilyhelpbytaking

themoutforanicewalkorhelpingthemexerciseinsomeotherways.（你可以很容易地通過(guò)

帶它們出去散步或以其他方式幫助它們鍛煉來(lái)幫助它們）”可知，家犬咬家具時(shí)，主人

可以遛狗或給予其他形式的活動(dòng)。故選B。

3.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Raisingtheirears部分中“Whenyouseeadograiseitsears,just

knowifslisteningkeenlytoyou.（當(dāng)你看到狗豎起耳朵時(shí)，你要知道它在認(rèn)真地聽(tīng)你說(shuō)

話）”可知，家犬豎起耳朵的含義為其在專(zhuān)注傾聽(tīng)。故選C。

4.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“The22-year-old,whoworkednightsinagrocery

store,wasonhiswaytohisgrandfather'ssotheycouldbuyacar.（這位22歲的年輕人晚上

在一家雜貨店工作，當(dāng)時(shí)他正在去爺爺家的路上，這樣他們就可以買(mǎi)車(chē)了。）”可知，

Alex那天計(jì)劃去買(mǎi)車(chē)。故選A。

5.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Assumingeveryrailwaselectrified,Alextookafew

quickbounds,high-kneeingitashe'ddoneinhighschoolfootballteam,untilhewas

standingoverthevictim.（認(rèn)為每根鐵軌都通了電，Alex就快速地跳了幾次，像在高中橄

欖球隊(duì)那樣高抬腿，直到他站在受害者身邊。）”和“Instantly,hefeltablastofelectric

shock.Again,hewasshockedagain.Butthethirdtimeheseizedtheman'swrist,bravingthe

shock.（他立刻感到一陣電擊。他再次被電擊。但第三次他抓住了那個(gè)男人的手腕，頂

住了電擊。）”可知，Alex在營(yíng)救過(guò)程中的主要問(wèn)題是鐵軌通電了。故選D。

6.答案：C

解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前的“Theytoldauthoritiestocutthepower”可知，護(hù)士

和消防員讓當(dāng)局切斷電源，這樣做是為了停用第三根鐵軌，deactivate意為“使停止工

作"，與stop的意思最接近。故選C。

7.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"TheEveningNextreportedtheincident,crediting

ananonymousherowithsavingthevictim.Afterafriendrevealedhisidentity,Alexbecame

thetoastofSeattle.Afewdayslater,hewasrewardedwithacar.Alexwasthenrecruitedby

thefiredepartmentandisnowbeingtrained.（《晚間新聞》報(bào)道了這一事件，并稱(chēng)贊一位

匿名英雄救了受害者。在一位朋友透露了他的身份后，Alex成了西雅圖最受推崇的

人。幾天后，他得到了一輛汽車(chē)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。Alex當(dāng)時(shí)被消防部門(mén)招募，目前正在接受培

訓(xùn)I。廣可知，Alex上了新聞身份被曝光后，他收到了一輛汽車(chē)作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，而且被消防

部門(mén)成功錄取，由此可推測(cè)出，這件事告訴我們善有善報(bào)（Onegoodturndeserves

another）。故選A。

8.答案：A

解析：主旨大意題。第三段主要講的是TikTok上健身內(nèi)容存在的問(wèn)題。故選A。

9.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thesechallengesoftenshowaninfluencerdoingone

exerciseorseriesofmovementsthat,ifrepeateddailyforaweekortwo,ispromisedtoresult

inasexysix-pack.（這些挑戰(zhàn)通常顯示網(wǎng)紅做一項(xiàng)或一系列的運(yùn)動(dòng)，如果每天重復(fù)一到

兩周，就會(huì)有性感的六塊腹?。笨芍W(wǎng)紅健身教練承諾簡(jiǎn)單易行，見(jiàn)效快。故選

Do

10.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Butit'simportanttolookatyourfitnessandhealth

asalifelongjourney,notsomethingyoucanachievewithin10to90days（但重要的是要把

你的健身和健康看作是一生的旅程，而不是你在10到90天內(nèi)就能實(shí)現(xiàn)的）”可知，

Jones認(rèn)為健身不是能夠速成的，這是一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期的事情。故選A。

11.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Aqualityinfluencershouldencouragementalwell-

being,self-careandtheimportanceoflisteningtoyourbodyinadditiontophysical

fitness.（一個(gè)有素質(zhì)的影響者應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)心理健康、自我保健以及除了身體健康之外傾聽(tīng)

身體聲音的重要性）”可知，作者認(rèn)為評(píng)估優(yōu)質(zhì)健身影響者的重要因素是采取平衡的健

身方法。故選C。

12.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Itmaynothavebeenquiteasvariousastoday's

version,butitwasmoredeliciousifyoubelieved,astheAztecsdid,thatchocolatewasagift

fromthegodsandhadhealingproperties.（它可能沒(méi)有今天的版本那么多樣化，但如果你

像阿茲特克人一樣相信巧克力是上帝的禮物，具有治療作用，它會(huì)更美味。廠可知，

像阿茲特克人認(rèn)為巧克力是上帝的禮物，具有治療作用。故選B。

13.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"InChocolate:History,CultureandHeritage,author

BertramGordonsayshotchocolatebecame"thebeverage（飲品）oftheupperclass5,assugar

wasstillaluxury.（14《巧克力：歷史、文化和遺產(chǎn)》一書(shū)中，作者BertramGordon說(shuō)，

熱巧克力成了‘上層階級(jí)的飲料'，因?yàn)樘侨匀皇且环N奢侈品。）”可知，因?yàn)樘窃诋?dāng)時(shí)是

一種奢侈品，所以熱巧克力成了“上層階級(jí)的飲料”，只有上層階級(jí)能負(fù)擔(dān)得起。故選

Bo

14.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的"Butbytheendofthe18thcentury,chocolatehouses

hadmostlydiedoff,partlybecausethecostofchocolatewasmuchhigherthanthatofcoffee

ortea.（但到了18世紀(jì)末，巧克力屋大多已經(jīng)消亡，部分原因是巧克力的價(jià)格遠(yuǎn)高于咖

啡或茶。）”可知，由于咖啡或茶這些替代性飲料與巧克力相比更便宜，所以18世紀(jì)末

大多數(shù)巧克力屋逐漸沒(méi)落。故選C。

15.答案：A

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的'"Althoughtoday'stypicaltoppings―cream,

marshmallows,crushedcandy—maybewonderful,chocolatewasfirstconsumedinliquid

formbytheOlmecpeopleofnorthwesternCentralAmericaaround1500B.C.（盡管今天的

典型澆頭一奶油、棉花糖、碎糖果一可能很美味，但巧克力最早是在公元前1500

年左右由中美洲西北部的奧爾梅克人以液態(tài)形式食用的。）”可知，第一段講述了巧克

力的起源；根據(jù)第二段中的"AndsincesugarhadnotyetarrivedfromEurope,backthen,

thedrinkwasoftenflavoredwithpepperandspices.（但是阿茲特克人并沒(méi)有給他們的椰子

上熱的。）“、第三段中的"AftertheSpanisharrivedintheAmericasinthe1500s,liquid

chocolatemadeitswayacrossthepond,wherewealthyEuropeansaddedsugaranddrankit

warm.（15世紀(jì)西班牙人抵達(dá)美洲后，液態(tài)巧克力穿過(guò)大西洋彼岸，富有的歐洲人在那

里添加糖并溫?zé)犸嬘?。）”、第四段中的“Soonenough,though,hotchocolatecaughton

withthemasses.Chocolatehouses一acrossbetweencafesandcasinos（賭場(chǎng)）一started

poppinguparound17th-centuryEurope.（不過(guò)，很快，熱巧克力就在大眾中流行起來(lái)

了。巧克力屋一介于咖啡館和賭場(chǎng)之間一大約在17世紀(jì)的歐洲開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)。廣等可

知，第二、三、四段介紹了熱巧克力的發(fā)展歷史；根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，最后一段

總結(jié)全文，強(qiáng)調(diào)喝一杯溫?zé)岬那煽肆︼嬃系暮?jiǎn)單樂(lè)趣在數(shù)千年來(lái)從不過(guò)時(shí)。由此可推

測(cè)出，本文主要講述了熱巧克力的起源和發(fā)展歷史。故選A。

16.答案：①-⑤BFAEG

解析：①空處是本段主旨句。根據(jù)后文“Especiallyduringthebustlingholidayseason,

whencelebrations,shoppingandgatheringsappealtoyou,theluxuryofamomentofsolitude

istobesoughtoutandtreasured.（尤其是在繁忙的假日季節(jié)，當(dāng)慶?；顒?dòng)、購(gòu)物和聚會(huì)吸

引你時(shí)，獨(dú)處時(shí)刻的奢侈值得尋找和珍惜。廠可知，本段主要講述了在忙碌的時(shí)候獨(dú)

處顯得格外奢侈，值得去尋找和珍惜，B項(xiàng)“獨(dú)處是我們可以選擇送給自己的禮物。”

引出下文。故選B。

②根據(jù)前文"It'simportanttodistinguishsolitudefromloneliness-thelatterisanegative

experienceofisolation/鬲離），andresearchshowsthatoneneednotliterallybealonetofeel

lonely.（區(qū)分獨(dú)處和孤獨(dú)很重要一孤獨(dú)是一種消極的隔離體驗(yàn)，研究表明，一個(gè)人不

需要獨(dú)自一人就可以感到孤獨(dú)。）”可知，本段主要講述的是獨(dú)處和孤獨(dú)的區(qū)別，并且

前面講述了孤獨(dú)的特點(diǎn)，空處應(yīng)講述獨(dú)處的特點(diǎn)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“相比之下，獨(dú)處是一種有意識(shí)

地花時(shí)間獨(dú)處的活動(dòng)?！狈项}意。選項(xiàng)中的bycontrast表示前后之間形成對(duì)比。故選

Fo

③空處是本段主旨句。根據(jù)后文中的“Nooneelsegetstohaveyourattentionwhenyou

arealoneathome,takingalightandactiveDecemberwalkorevensittingquietlyinacafe

withahotchocolateandagoodbook.Whenyoucanfocusallyourattentiononwhatyou

wantandwhatisonyourmindalone,youwillbefreetoseeyourselfmoreclearly.（當(dāng)你獨(dú)自

一人在家，在12月輕松而活躍地散步，甚至安靜地坐在咖啡館里喝著熱巧克力和看著

一本好書(shū)時(shí)，沒(méi)有人會(huì)引起你的注意。當(dāng)你能把所有的注意力都集中在你想要的東西

上，只關(guān)注你心里的東西時(shí)，你就能更清楚地看到自己。）”可知，本段主要講述了獨(dú)

處可以讓你關(guān)注自己，A項(xiàng)“你的注意力只屬于你自己?！狈项}意。故選A。

④根據(jù)本段主旨句“Itencouragesascreen-freemoment.（它鼓勵(lì)一個(gè)沒(méi)有屏幕的時(shí)刻。）“

和空前一句"Takingevenasmallbreakfromyourattachmenttothosebottomlessactivities

willrefreshyou.（哪怕是從你對(duì)那些無(wú)底洞活動(dòng)的依戀中稍作休息，也會(huì)讓你精神煥

發(fā)。）”可知，本段主要講述了獨(dú)處可以讓你遠(yuǎn)離電子屏幕，使你能夠有所休息、變得

精神煥發(fā)，所以空處應(yīng)承接上文，講述遠(yuǎn)離電子屏幕的其他好處，E項(xiàng)“同時(shí)，它還給

了你一個(gè)注意你自己的想法和感受的時(shí)刻?！狈项}意，it指代前句中的“Takingevena

smallbreakfromyourattachmenttothosebottomlessactivities^^。故選E。

⑤根據(jù)本段主旨句“Youhavespacetoreflectonyourpriorities.（你有空間思考你的優(yōu)先事

項(xiàng)。）”可知，獨(dú)處讓你有空間來(lái)思考自己的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)，關(guān)鍵詞為reflectonyour

priorities0結(jié)合后文“Andyouwillhavetheemotionalandphysicalspacetoconsiderwhat

areasofgrowthyoucansetyoursightson.（并且你將有情感和身體空間來(lái)考慮你可以將目

光投向哪些成長(zhǎng)領(lǐng)域。）”可知，空處與下文之間是并列關(guān)系，講述當(dāng)獨(dú)處讓你有反思

空間時(shí)的好處，G項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你處于獨(dú)處的自我反思時(shí)刻時(shí)，你可以用全新的眼光看待自

己。”符合題意。故選G。

17.答案：B

解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那是NicolaGrant,營(yíng)救Mary哥哥RoyBlack的布

萊切利居民。A.transported運(yùn)輸，運(yùn)送；B.rescued援救，營(yíng)救；C.dismissed摒棄；D.

accused指責(zé)。根據(jù)下文中的“Shewentintothestormwithherhusband,carryingRoyinto

theirhome.（她和丈夫一起走入風(fēng)暴，把Roy帶到家里。）“可知，她和丈夫救了Roy。

故選B。

18.答案：A

解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Roy當(dāng)時(shí)64歲，患有精神殘疾，在前一天開(kāi)始侵

襲布萊切利的致命冬季風(fēng)暴中離開(kāi)了教養(yǎng)院。A.disabled喪失能力的，有殘疾的；B.

qualified有資格的；C.harmful有害的；D.honest城市的。根據(jù)句中的"leftthegroup

homeinthedeadlywinterstormthatbeganstrikingBletchleythepreviousday”和下文中的

“Afterwanderingforalongtime""Hewassobbing（啜泣）andcryingout""screamingand

confUsed”等可以看出，他在暴風(fēng)雪來(lái)臨時(shí)離開(kāi)教養(yǎng)院，在外面迷路、哭泣、尖叫、困

惑，這種種表現(xiàn)可以看出他有精神疾病。故選A。

19.答案：C

解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在徘徊了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間后，Roy最終被困在Nicola

家正門(mén)口的一個(gè)雪堆里。A.wakedup喚醒；B.spedup加速；C.endedup最終處于；D.

dressedup穿上盛裝。根據(jù)句中的"Afterwanderingforalongtime”可知，Roy在外面徘

徊了很久，最終被困在Nicola家正門(mén)口的一個(gè)雪