科技類詞匯對(duì)應(yīng)閱讀

passage1

Asnake-robotdesigner,atechnologist,anextradimensionalphysicistandajournalistwalkintoa

room.Thejournalistturnstothecrowdandasks：Shouldwebuildhousesontheocean?Likeathink-tank

panel,membersoftheteamdreamupfar-outanswerstothecrucialproblem,suchasself-drivinghousing

unitsthatcouldparkontopofoneanotherinthecoastalcitycenter.

ThesettingisX,theenterprisewhichconsidersmorethan100ideaseachyear,inareasrangingfromclean

energytoartificialintelligence.Althoughonlyatinypercentagebecome"projects1*withfar-reaching

creativity,theseprojectsexist,ultimately,tochangetheworld,likeWaymo,thebiggestself-driving-car

company.Inthepast60years,somethingstrangehashappened.Astheacademicstudyofcreativityhasthrived

（蓬勃發(fā)展）,thelabelinnovationmayhavecoveredeverytinychangeofasodacanoratoothpasteflavor,but

therateofproductivitygrowthhasbeenmostlydecliningsincethe1970s.JohnFernald,aneconomist,pointsout

thatthenotableexceptiontothepost-1970declineinproductivityoccurredwhenbusinessesthroughoutthe

economyfinallyfiguredoutthebreakthroughtechnology-informationtechnology.JohnFernaldsays,"It's

possiblethatproductivitytookoff,becausewepickedallthelow-hangingfruitfromtheITwave.nActually,

theworldeconomycontinuestoharvestthebenefitsofIT.Butwherewillthenexttechnologyshockcome

from?

Breakthroughtechnologyresultsfromtwodistinctactivities-inventionandinnovation.Inventionis

typicallytheworkofscientistsandresearchersinlabs,whileinnovationisaninventionputtocommercialuse.

Seldomdothetwoactivitiesoccursuccessfullyunderthesameroof.Theytendtothriveinoppositeconditions；

whilecompetitionandconsumerchoiceencourageinnovation,inventionhashistoricallyprogressedinlabsthat

areprotectedfromthepressuretogenerateprofit.

Allowingwell-fundedanddiverseteamstotrytosolvebigproblemsiswhatgaveusthecomputerand

theInternet.Today,wefailtogiveattentiontoplantingtheseedsofthiskindofambitiousresearch,while

complainingabouttheharvest."Companiesarereallygoodatcombiningexistingbreakthroughsinwaysthat

consumerslike.Butthebreakthroughscomefrompatientandcuriousscientists,nottherushtomarket,"says

JonGertner,theauthorofTheIdeaFactory.

^Technologyisatalltree,”JohnFernaldsaid."Butplantingtheseedsofinventionandharvestingthe

fruitofinnovationareentirelydistinctskills,oftenmasteredbydifferentorganizationsandseparatedbymany

years.nAsforme,bothofthemareessentialfortechnology,althoughtheyarerelativelyindependent.!don't

thinkXisaplanteroraharvester,actually.ltislikebuildingtallerladders.Nobodyknowsforsurewhat,if

anything,theemployeesatsuchenterprisesaregoingtofinduponthoseladders.Butthey*rereaching.Atleast

someoneis.

(1)Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Topresenttheprocessofgroupdiscussion.

B.ToillustrateX*sworryaboutbigproblems.

C.Torevealtheimportanceofthecrazyideas.

D.Tostressthevariedbackgroundsoftheteam.

(2)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Breakthroughsmuststandthetestofthemarket.

B.Innovationonnecessitiescanpromoteproductivity.

C.Inventiondevelopsslowlyunderthepressureofprofit.

D.Theharvestofinnovationliesinsomeambitiousresearch.

(3)RegardingJohnFernald'sviewontechnology,theauthoris.

A.supportive

B.cautious

C.uncertain

D.critical

(4)WhatcanbeinferredaboutXfromthepassage?

A.Itwillfocusoninnovation.

B.Itwillhaveitsoutcomesoon.

C.Itmaygiveintoitsfruitlessreality.

D.Itmaybringanencouragingoutlook.

passage2

Technologyseemsto.discourageslow,immersivereading.Readingonascreen,particularlyaphone

screen,tiresyoureyesandmakesitharderforyoutokeepyourplace.Soonlinewritingtendstobemore

skimmableandlist-likethanprint.ThecognitiveneuroscientistMaryWaltarguedrecentlythatthis"new

norm"ofskimreadingisproducing"aninvisible,game-changingtransformation"inhowreadersprocess

words.Theneuronalcircuitthatsustainsthebrain*scapacitytoreadnowfavorstherapidabsorptionof

information,ratherthanskillsdevelopedbydeeperreading,likecriticalanalysis.

Weshouldn'toverplaythisdanger.Allreadersskim.Skimmingistheskillweacquireaschildrenaswe

learntoreadmoreskillfully.Fromabouttheageofnine,oureyesstarttobouncearoundthepage,readingonly

aboutaquarterofthewordsproperly,andfillinginthegapsbyinference.Noristhereanythingnewinthese

fearsaboutdecliningattentionspans（持續(xù)時(shí)間）.Sofar,theanxietieshaveprovedtobefalsealarms."Quite

afewcriticshavebeenworriedaboutattentionspanlatelyandseeveryshortstoriesassignsofculturaldecline,

"theAmericanauthorSelvinBrownwrote.nNooneeversaidthatpoemswereevidenceofshortattentionspans.

AndyettheInternethascertainlychangedthewayweread.Forastart,itmeansthatthereismoretoread,

becausemorepeoplethaneverarewriting.Ifyoutimetravelledjustafewdecadesintothepast,youwould

wonderathowlittlewritingwashappeningoutsideaclassroom.Anddigitalwritingismeantforrapidrelease

andresponse.Anonlinearticlestartsformingacommentstringunderneathassoonasitispublished.Thismode

ofwritingandreadingcanbeinteractiveandfun.Butoftenittreatsotherpeople'swordsassomethingtobe

quicklyharvestedasfbdder（素材）tosaysomethingelse.Everyonetalksoverthetopofeveryoneelse,

desperatetobeheard.

Perhapsweshouldslowdown.Readingisconstantlypromotedasasocialgoodandsourceofpersonal

achievement.Butthisadvocacyoftenemphasizes"enthusiastic","passionate"or"eager”reading,noneof

whichadjectivessuggestslow,quietabsorption.

Toaslowreader,apieceofwritingcanonlybefullyunderstoodbyimmersingoneselfinthewordsand

theirslowcomprehensionofalineofthought.Theslowreaderislikeaswimmerwhostopscountingthenumber

ofpoollapshehasdoneandjustenjoyshowhisbodyfeelsandmovesinwater.

Thehumanneedforthiskindofdeepreadingistootenaciousforanynewtechnologytodestroy.Weoften

assumethattechnologicalchangecan'tbestoppedandhappensinonedirection,sothatoldermedialike"dead

-tree"booksarekickedoutbynewer,morevirtualforms.Inpractice,oldertechnologiescancoexistwithnew

ones.TheKindlehasnotkilledofftheprintedbookanymorethanthecarkilledoffthebicycle.Westillwantto

enjoyslowly-formedideasandcarefully-chosenwords.Eveninafast-movingage,thereistimeforslow

reading.

(1)Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsSelvinBrown'sopinion?

A.Favorable.

B.Critical.

C.Doubtful.

D.Objective.

(2)Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat.

A.advocacyofpassionatereadinghelpspromoteslowreading

B.digitalwritingleadstotoomuchspeakingandnotenoughreflection

C.thepublicshouldbeawareoftheimpactskimminghasonneuronalcircuits

D.thenumberofInternetreadersisdecliningduetotheadvancesoftechnology

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tenacious”inParagraph6probablymean?

A.Comprehensive.

B.Complicated.

C.Determined.

D.Apparent.

(4)Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SlowReadingIsHeretoStay

B.DigitalTechnologyPreventsSlowReading

C.Screenvs.Print：WhichRequiresDeepReading?

D.ReadingIsNotaRace：TheWonderofDeepReading

passage3

Learningdoesn'thavetoendwhenpeopleage.Infact,today*sseniorswanttoremainsociallyengaged,

intellectuallystimulated(智力上活躍的)，andanactivepartoftheircommunitiesaccordingtoTheAmerican

UniversityBeirut(AUB)inLebanon.ThafswhyAUBopenedTheUniversityforSeniorsthatgivesolder

adults-50andup-anopportunityforlifelonglearning.

"Thegoaloftheprogramistoestablishacommunityforseniorstolearnforlife,mostofwhomare

retirees,"MiraZaatari,theprogramassistantmanagertoldAl-FanarMedia."Theycanstayengagedphysically

andmentallyhere.11

Theuniversityincludestwothree-monthsemestersandstudentscantakeanyclasstheywantregardless

oftheireducationallevel.Therearenoexamsorgraduationcertificates.Thisschoolisallaboutlifelong

leaming.Theavailableclassesincludepoliticalscience,publichealth,agriculture,sciences,women*saffairsas

wellascreativeclassesaboutdrawing,paintingandmusic.LanguageclassesincludeEnglish,Frenchand

Spanish.Theclassesaretaughtbyvolunteers,includingAUBprofessors,students,anddoctorsfromthe

university*shospital.

Seniorscangainahostofbenefitsbycontinuingtolearnnewthings.AccordingtoAgingWell,thafs

becauselifelonglearningkeepsthebrainstimulated,challengedandfullyengaged."Thishelpsseniorsremain

mentallyalertwhiletheyage.Infact,whenpeoplelearnnewthings,thebrain-evenanolderbrain-canform

newconnectionsandpathways,“itadds.

Keepingphysicallyactiveisimportantandsoiskeepingsocialconnections.Thafswhytheuniversity

providesmorethanjusteducation.

FormerbankerYoussefBakri,84,hasbeenastudentforover10years.Hepointedoutthatbeforethe

pandemictheuniversitygardenwasusedasameetingplaceforsocializationandthattherewereorganizedfield

trips.

Withthepercentageofover65sinLebanon'spopulationgrowingandthefactthatmanyoftheseseniors

livealonewithoutfamilymembersinthecountry,TheUniversityforSeniorsisplayingaveryimportantrolein

thelivesofitsstudents.

(1)WhydoesAUBlaunchtheprogram?

A.Todosomescientificresearchonseniors.

B.Topromotelearningamongyoungpeople.

C.Toencourageseniorstodovolunteerwork.

D.Toofferalifelonglearningplacefbrseniors.

(2)WhatcanthestudentsdoatTheUniversityforSeniors?

A.Getfreemedicaltreatment.

B.Passfinalexamsasagroup.

C.Choosetheirclassesatwill.

D.Obtaingraduationcertificates.

(3)AgingWellismentionedinparagraph4to.

A.explainwhylearningcanbenefitseniors

B.showtheworkingprincipleofthebrain

C.offeradviceonhowtolearnnewthings

D.analyzetheadvantagesofacceptingaging

(4)Whatistheauthor'sopiniononTheUniversityforSeniors?

A.Itisfarfromsuitableforseniors.

Bithastroubleinattractingstudents.

C.Itisofgreatvalueforitsstudents.

D.Itcareslittleaboutitsstudents*health.

passage4

ComputergameshaveseriouslycaughttheattentionofMassMedia.Theincreasingamountofgameswith

violentscenessocksthesocietyandmakesitveryawareofthem.Thefactthatviolentgamescauseviolencein

peopleisnotevendoubtedbymostpeople.Somesaythatthereasonliesingamesbeingtooclosetoreality.But

isitjustifiedonlyaccordingtotheexternalsimilarityofthesetwoworlds?

Gamesoriginallyareentertainment.Contemporarygamesareveryrealisticandforthisreasontheyarea

sourceofgreatexperiencefortheplayeranddeveloptheimagination.Gamesaremorethanentertainment.The

researchoftheNewYorkUniversityledbyGreenandBavelierclaimsthattheplayerpreferringactivegames

getanimprovementofsometypesofbrainactivity,relatedtoprocessingofvisualinformation.Inparticular,

gameplayerscopewithproblemsofsimultaneously(同時(shí)地)trackingseveralmovingobjectsattheaverage

levelof30%betterthanpeoplewhodonotplayactivecomputervideogames.Agameisanabstraction.Aplayer

getsabstracttasksandactsaccordingtoabstractrules.Gamesarealsothepossibilitytobewhoeveraperson

wantstobeandtorestfromtheoutsideworldforsometime.

Butwhatifapersongetssomuchexcitedwiththegamescenesthathebecomesviolentinreality?Then,

itprovesthatthegamescausepeopletobecomeviolent.Apsychologicallyhealthypersonwillneverconfuseor

connectthesetwodifferentworlds.Agameisavirtualworldwithvisualimagesverysimilartohuman.These

imagesrepresentbythemselvesnothingbutsimpleplayingobstacles.Agamemaypotentiallygivethe

opportunitytoHdestroytheobstaclesnthatmaynotbedestroyedaccordingtotherules,butitismoreabout

personalchoicewhethertodoitornot.Thisleadsustotheconclusionthatviolenceisnotaconsequencebutthe

cause.Peoplewhooriginallytendtoviolencemaygetannoyedbygamesandperformviolenceinthenreal

world".Inthiscaseviolenceingamesisasimplejustificationoftheviolentnatureoftheplayer.

(1)WhichofthefollowingbestexplainsnsocknunderlinedinPara.1?

A.Transfbrm.

B.Strike.

C.Interest.

D.Confuse.

(2)WhatcanwelearnfromtheresearchcarriedoutbyGreenandBavelier?

A.Gamescanpromotesomekindsofbrainactivity.

B.Gamescangivepeoplespacetobethemselves.

C.Gamescanbeasourceofgreatexperience.

D.Gamescanhelpplayerssolveproblems.

(3)Whichofthefollowingaccountsforviolenceinreallife?

A.Abstractviolenttasks.

B.Violentvisualimages.

C.Realisticcomputergames.

D.Individuals*violentnature.

(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Violence：NotaConsequenceofGames.

B.Violence：NotaJustificationofPlayers.

C.Games：TheViolentVirtualReality.

D.Games：TheCauseofViolence.

passage5

Manypeoplehaveparticipatedintolotsofvirtualmeetingstheseyears.Someresearchshowsthis

adjustmentmightnotimpactworkplaceproductivitytoanygreatdegree.Anewstudy,though,suggests

otherwise.

Inthestudy,602participantswererandomlypairedandaskedtocomeupwithcreativeusesfora

product.Theywerealsorandomlyselectedtoworktogethereitherinpersonorvirtually.Thepairswerethen

rankedbyassessingtheirtotalnumberofideas,aswellasthoseconcepts*degreeofnovelty,andaskedto

submittheirbestidea.Amongthegroups,virtualpairscameupwithsignificantlyfewerideas,suggestingthat

somethingaboutface-to-faceinteractiongeneratesmorecreativeideas.Thefindingscouldstiffen

employers*resolvetourgeorrequiretheiremployeestocomebacktotheoffice.

"Weranthisexperimentbasedonfeedbackfromcompaniesthatitwashardertoinnovatewith

remoteworkers,nsaidleadresearcherMelanieBrucks."Unlikeotherformsofvirtualcommunication,like

phonecallsore-mail,videoconferencingcopiesthein-personexperiencequitewell,soIwas

surprisedwhenwefoundmeaningfuldifferencesbetweenin-personandvideointeractionforidea

generation.n

Whenrandomobjectswereplacedinboththevirtualandphysicalrooms,thevirtual

pairsofparticipantsspentmoretimelookingdirectlyateachotherratherthanlettingtheirlookwanderabout

theroomandtakingintheentirescene.Eyeingone'swholeenvironmentandnoticingtherandomobjects

wereassociatedwithincreasedideageneration.Onplatforms,thescreenoccupiesour

interactions.Ourlookwaversless."Lookingawaymightcomeacrossasrude,"saidBrucks,"sowehaveto

lookatthescreenbecausethatisthedefinedcontextoftheinteraction,thesamewaywewouldn'twalkto

anotherroomwhiletalkingtosomeoneinperson."

Likemosteducators,Bruckshasprimarilytaughtvirtuallyinthepastthreeyears,andshedidnoticesome

benefitsoftheapproachaswell.Herstudentsweremorelikelytotaketurnsspeakingandhershyerstudents

spokeupmoreoften,ridoftheanxietythatcomesfromaddressingalargeclassroom.Brucksfoundthatone

solutiontoimprovingvirtualideagenerationmightbetosimplyturnoffthecamera,forherstudentsfelt

HfreerHandmorecreativewhenaskedtodoso.AndthismaybesoundadvicefortheworkplaceVirtual

teamworkcan*treplaceface-to-faceteamwork.Ideaselectionproficiency(能力)isonlyvaluableifyouhave

strongoptionstoselectfrom,andface-to-faceteamsarethebestmeanstogeneratewinning

options.Perhapstheworkplacewillfindacompromise-asweetspotinthemiddlethatbalancesworkingfrom

bothhomeandoffice.

(1)WhatdoestheunderlinedwordnstiffenninParagraph?mostprobablymean?

A.Shake.

B.Revise.

C.Challenge.

D.Strengthen.

(2)Atfirst,leadresearcherMelanieBrucksmightthinkthat.

A.videoconferencingcan'tcomparewithin-personcommunication

B.participantsshouldmakeeyecontactinanonlinemeeting

C.thefeedbackfromcompaniesseemsquestionable

D.creativeideasmayemergefromcasualthoughts

(3)WhatcanwelearnaboutBrucks*class?

A.Herstudentsrelievedanxietybyspeakingup.

B.Herstudentsprogressedinfocusingattention.

C.Herstudentstookadvantageofvirtuallearning.

D.Herstudentsdisplayedtalentforpublicspeaking.

(4)Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.InteractingVirtuallyImpactsWorkingParticipation

B.MaintainingTeamworkImprovesIdeaGeneration

C.GroupingRandomlyIncreasesProductivity

D.BrainstormingOnlineLimitsCreativity

passage6

Imaginewearinghigh-techbodyarmor(盔甲)thatmakesyousuperstrongandtireless.Such

technology,morespecificallycalledanexoskeleton,soundslikethepreserveoftheIronManseriesof

superheromovies.Yettheequipmentisincreasinglybeingworninreallifearoundtheworld.Andone

manufacturer-California'sSuitXexpectsittogomainstream."Thereisnodoubtinmymindthatthesedevices

willeventuallybesoldathardwarestores,"saysSuitX'sfounderHomayoonKazerooni.

Insimpleterms,anexoskeletonisanexternaldevicethatsupports,coversandprotectsitsuser,giving

greaterlevelsofstrengthandendurance.Sometimesalsoreferredtoas"wearablerobotsn,theycanbebattery-

poweredandcomputer-operated,incorporatingmotorsandhydraulics.Ortheycanbemoresimple,passive

designsthatusespringsanddampeners.

"Integratinghumansandmachinesintoonesystemopensupanewrealmofopportunity,"saysAdrian

Spragg,anexpertonthetechnologyatmanagementconsultancyAccenture."Manyoftheearlyapplications

havebeenfocusedonmilitaryandmedicalapplications,butinthelastseveralyearsthere'sbeenanexplosionof

useinarangeofcases.nThisexpansion,whichhascometogetherwithrapidadvancesinthetechnology,has

seenexoskeletonsincreasinglyusedbymanufacturingworkers.Versionsforconsumersarealsonowbeing

developedtohelppeoplemoreeasilydoeverythingfromDIY,towalking,climbingstairs,andotherdaily

activities.Onereportsayssalesarenowduetorocketasaresult.Globalexoskeletonrevenues(收入)are

expectedtoexplodefrom$392millionin2020to$6.8billionin2030,accordingtoastudybyABI

Research.

SuitX's"suits"arenowbeingtestedbycarmanufacturersGeneralMotorsandFiat.ProfKazerooni,whois

alsothedirectoroftheUniversityofCaliforniosBerkeleyRoboticsandHumanEngineeringLaboratory,says

thattheprimarybenefitofthefirm'sexoskeletonsistopreventmusclefatigue(疲勞).

"IngeneralIseethisdevelopmentasverypositiveforoccupationalhealthandsafety,“ProfSandra

Wachtersays."Machinesaresupposedtohelpuswithdull,dangerousanddirtyjobs.Problems,however,arise

ifroboticsalsodoubleasworkplacemonitors.Arethesesuitstrackingyourmovements,howfastyoumove,and

howoftenyoutakebreaks?Doesasystemcomparethisdatawiththoseofotherworkerstoscoreorrank

them?Whathappensifyoumoveslowerthanothers,ortakebreaksmoreoften?"

(1)WhywastheIronManwasmentionedinParagraph1?

A.Toinspireustobestronganddetermined.

B.ToremindusofthepopularfilmIronMan.

C.Tourgethereaderstobuythenewlydesignedproducts.

D.Toillustratethetechnologyexoskeleton.

(2)Whatdotheunderlinedword"rocket”meaninParagraph3?

A.Climb.

B.Crash.

C.Stabilize.

D.Vary.

(3)Whatdoyouknowaboutanexoskeleton?

A.Anexoskeletoniscapableofworkingbyitselfusingsolarenergy.

B.Inthefuture,allthepeoplewillhavetocountonanexoskeleton.

C.Anexoskeletoncanbewidelyemployedinourdailylife.

D.ProfKazerooniobjectstothepopularityoftheexoskeleton.

(4)Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.IronManAppealstotheYoung

B.ExoskeletonsChangeOurFutureLife

C.EveryoneCanBeaHero

D.ExoskeletonsReplaceFutureHumans

passage7

Interactivesoftwarethat"reads"andanalysesfootprintsleftbyblackrhinos（犀牛）canbeusedtomonitor

themovementsoftheanimalsinthewild,givingconservationistsanewwaytokeepwatchontheendangered

speciesandhelpkeepitsafefrompoachers（偷獵者）,accordingtoaDukeUniversity-ledstudy.

Thesoftware,calledtheFootprintIdentificationTechnique（FIT）,usesadvancedtechnologytoanalyze

morethan100measurementsofarhino*sfootprint.Becauseeachrhino*sfootprintisasspecialasahuman

fingerprint,theanalyzedimagescanbecollectedelectronicallyinaglobaldatabaseofpreviouslycollected

footprintimagesformatching.

"Ifyoufindamatch,youcanidentifytheindividualanimalwholeftthemarkand,byplottingthelocations

ofalltheotherplaceswheremarkshavebeenseen,trackitsmovementswithoutdisturbingitorcominginto

closeenoughcontactwithit,“saidZoeJewell,aprofessoratDukeUniversity*sNicholasSchoolofthe

Environment,whoco-ledthestudyandisco-creatorofFIT.

"It'sacost-effectiveapproachthatnotonlyprotectsthehealthoftherhinoandthehuman,butalsobrings

acenturies-oldtrackingskillintothe21stCentury,"shesaid.Jewellandhercolleaguesarenowworkingwith

Namibia'sMinistryofEnvironment,ForestryandTourismtotrainwildlifeconservationists,landmanagersand

localguideshowtouseFIT.

Namibiaishometoanestimated2,000blackrhinos,orabout90%ofthespecies*totalpopulation

worldwide.Thoughlegallyownedbythegovernment,theanimalsaredistributedgeographicallyonprivate

landsacrossthecountry.

TheFITsoftwarecanalsodoasurveyoffootprintsthroughouttheprotectedareaandtakemeasurements

fromeachfootprinttoestimatethenumberofrhinosinthatarea.Thiscanbeusefulinformationforcalculation

resourceneedstomonitortheanimalseffectively.Thiscreatesaninteractivelibrarythatanti-poachingpatrols

（反偷獵巡邏）canusetosearchforanimalsatthehighestrisk,includingthosewhosefootprintshaven'tbeen

showingupinrecentyears.

（1）Whatisthepurposeofthesoftware?

A.Topromotethedevelopmentoftechnology.

B.Toprotectblackrhinosfrombeinghunted.

C.Toanalyzethefootprintsofillegalpoachers.

D.Tosaveendangeredspeciesacrosstheworld.

(2)Whafstheadvantageofthesoftware?

A.Itownsvariousfunctions.

B.Itgoestothemarket.

C.Itisperfectlypractical.

D.Itismorethanpopular.

(3)WhatdoesZoeJewellsayabouttheapproach?

A.Itbringsthebestadvantageforthelowestcost.

B.Ithelpsincreasethepopulationofblackrhinos.

C.Itraisespeople'sawarenessoftheenvironment.

D.Itstrengthensthetiebetweenhumansandnature.

(4)Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefutureofrhinos?

A.Optimistic.

B.Hopeless.

C.Worrying.

D.Uncertain.

passage8

Artificialintelligencehelpsteachersidentifywhichoftheirstudentshavelearningdifficulties,accordingto

anewstudy.

TeachersmakemoreaccurateassessmentsoflearningdifficultiesamongtheirstudentsiftheyaregivenAl

-generatedfeedback(反饋)ratherthanan"expertsolution"writtenbyaqualifiedprofessional.Researchers

believethatbecausetheAIanalyzedtheteachefsownwork,it'seasierfortheteachertounderstandthana

"modelanswer"preparedbeforehand.

"Teachersplayacriticalroleinrecognizingthesignsofdisordersandlearningdifficultiesinpupilsand

referringthemtospecialists,”saidRiikkaHofmann."Unfortunately,manyofthemfeelthattheyhavenothad

sufficientopportunitytopracticetheseskills.AIcouldprovideanextralevelofindividualizedfeedbacktohelp

themdeveloptheseessentialcompetences.n

Traineeteacherswereaskedtoassessfictionalizedstudentsforpotentiallearningdifficulties,basedon

evidenceincludingexamplesoftheirwork,schoolbehaviorrecordsandwrittentextsofconversationswith

parents.Halfofthetraineesreceivedthe"expertsolution",typicalofthematerialgiventotraineeteachers,while

theotherhalfreceivedAI-generatedfeedbackontheirapproach,highlightingwheretheycouldimprove.The

traineesthencompletedsimilarfollow-upassessments,andweregradedbothontheaccuracyoftheir

diagnoses(診斷)andonhowwelltheyhadusedtheevidence.TraineeswhoreceivedtheAIfeedbackscored

significantlyhigherthanthosewhoworkedwiththepre-writtenexpertsolutions.

WhiletheresearcherssaidthisdoesnotmeanAIispreferabletoone-to-onefeedbackfromaskilled

expert,thisisnotalwaysavailablefortraineeteachers."WearenotarguingthatAIshouldreplaceteacher-

educators：newteachersstillneedexpertguidanceonhowtorecognizelearningdifficultiesinthefirstplace,”

saidDrMichaelSailer.nItdoesseem,however,thatAI-generatedfeedbackhelpedthesetraineestofocuson

whattheyreallyneededtoleam.Whenpersonalfeedbackisnotreadilyavailable,itcouldbeaneffective

substitute(代替物)

(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"referto?

A.Pupils.

B.Teachers.

C.Specialists.

D.Researchers.

(2)WhatdidAIhelptraineeteachersknowinthestudy?

A.Howwelltheyhadusedtheevidence.

B.Whethertheexpertsolutionwasaccurate.

C.Wheretheirapproachneedsimprovement.

D.Whatfollow-upassessmentstheycompleted.

(3)WhatdoesDrMichaelthinkofAI?

A.Itwilltaketheplaceofskilledexperts.

B.Itactsasanexpertguidetotraineeteachers.

C.Itisonlysuitablefornewteacherstouse.

D.Itcanbeausefulteachingtrainingaid.

(4)Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AIlocateslearningdifficultiesforthestud