新外研選擇性必修Book3

Unit1FacevaluesUsinglanguage—SubjectClauses

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?一、主語(yǔ)從句概述在復(fù)合句中用作主語(yǔ)的從句叫作主語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)從句可直接放在句首，也可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將主語(yǔ)從句后置。Thestoryisknowntoall.Thattheearthtravelsaroundthesunisknowntoall.Thatyou(should)askyourparentsforadviceisimportant.Itis

important

thatyou（should）askyourparentsforadvice.引導(dǎo)詞一覽表

引導(dǎo)詞

成分

從屬連詞

that,whether,if(是否)

不充當(dāng)任何成分whether,if表示“是否“

連接代詞who(m),who(m)ever,what,whatever,which,whichever,whose

在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、

表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)

連接副詞when(ever),where(ever),why,how

在句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因和方式狀語(yǔ)三、主語(yǔ)從句的用法that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)只起連接作用，在從句中不作任何成分，沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義。但是，that不能省略。Thattheearthtravelsaroundthesunisknowntoall.That

smokingisharmfultohealthisknowntoeveryone.Part1that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句

為避免頭重腳輕，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句后置，that不能省略。①I(mǎi)t+be+形容詞

（obvious,natural,certain,surprsing,possible,likely,important,necessary等）+that從句1.Sheworkssohard.Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinthisexam.2.Itisimportantthatyou

(should)askyourparentsforadviceaboutyourchoice.溫馨提示：在此句型中如形容詞為necessary,important,strange,natural等，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。

Part2It作形式主語(yǔ)

②It+be+名詞（短語(yǔ)）(nowonder,anhonor,afact,ashame,apity(遺憾的是),nosurprise等）+that從句1.Hestayeduptillmidnightlastnight.Itisnowonderthathefeelssosleepytoday.2.ItisapitythatIdidn’tseethefilmTheDayAfterTomorrowlastnight.Part2It作形式主語(yǔ)

③It+be+過(guò)去分詞（said,reported,thought,acknowledged,agreed,estimated,suggested,advised,ordered,等）+that從句1.

Itisreportedthatnopassengerswereinjuredintheaccident.2.Itissuggestedthatyou(should)spendmoretimeinstudyingEnglish.注意:當(dāng)過(guò)去分詞是表示建議、命令、請(qǐng)求、要求、等的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即從句的謂語(yǔ)用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。Part2It作形式主語(yǔ)

④It＋不及物動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）（seem，appear，happen，matter，prove，turnout，occurto，etc.）＋that從句It

seemsthatthelessyousleep，themoreworkyou’lldo.Itdoesn’tmatterthat...…沒(méi)關(guān)系，不重要Itoccurredtosb.that...某人突然想到…Itseems/appearsthat...看起來(lái)似乎…Ithappensthat...碰巧…Itturnedout/provedthat...結(jié)果是…Part2It作形式主語(yǔ)

whether(句首或句末)/if(只能句末)不充當(dāng)句子成分，僅起連接作用，表示“是否”Whethershewillcomeor

notisstillaquestion.Itisstilldoubtfulwhether/ifshewillplaytherole.注意：在以下幾種情形中，只用whether而不用if：①引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且位于句首時(shí)；②引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句用在介詞后時(shí)；③引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)；④與ornot連用時(shí)。Part3whether/if引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句Part4連接代詞：who,whom(賓),whose(定),what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，并且不可以省略。Whose

achievementwillbethehighestisuncertain.

Whatever

youdoshoulddonoharmtoothers.

Whichteamwillwinthematchisstillunknown.Part5連接副詞：when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever等在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。Why

sheleftisn'timportant.

When

wewillsetoffhasn’tbeendecided.

Howatelephoneworksisaquestionwhichnoteveryonecananswer.1.主語(yǔ)從句要用:

引導(dǎo)詞+陳述語(yǔ)序

How

he

succeededismadeintoafilm.Whichteacherischargeofourclassisunknown.Part6注意事項(xiàng)

Whatshesaidhasleftusmuchtothinkabout.Whenandwheretheconferencewillbeheldhasnotbeendecidedyet.WhentheywillsetoffforLondonandwheretheywillstayhavenotbeendecidedyet.WhatIwantisthebook.WhatIwantaresomebooks.單個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。兩個(gè)及以上連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。兩個(gè)及以上主語(yǔ)從句做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。主句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞看表語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)。2.主謂一致①連接2個(gè)從句②在從句中做成分③連詞本身的含義不做成分：從屬連詞做主、賓、表、定：連接代詞做狀：連接副詞無(wú)含義：that,what有含義：連詞本意Part1（黑體部分為主語(yǔ)從句部分）1._____willbechosenmanagerofthecompanyhasn’tbeendecided.2._____hewillattendthemeetingexcitedallofus.3._____weshallmeetagainisunknown.4._____sidewillwinthegamemakeslittledifference.5._____she’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch6._____weneedismoretimeandmoney.7._____wegottothezooisnotknown.Perhapswecantakeab